Chapter 25

With so many[241]victories did Marius[242]consummate the[243]glory he had[244]got in the war with Jugurtha. For in the year of the city 643, a war was[245]undertaken against Jugurtha, king of Numidia, because he had[246]deprived his[247]cousins Hiempsal and Adherbal, the sons of Micipsa, and[248]grandsons of Masanissa, of their[249]lives and[250]kingdom. He[251]prevailed against the Romans for some years, more by his gold than by his arms; but was at last[252]brought low by Metellus the consul, and[253]finally[254]entirely[255]subdued by Marius, and[256]deliveredup by Bocchus, king of Mauritania, to whom he had[257]fled for refuge; after which he was[258]carried to Rome, to[259]grace the[260]triumph of Marius, and[261]put to death in[262]prison.

This[263]happy[264]progress of the[265]empire[266]abroad, was[267]interrupted by[268]frequent and[269]shameful[270]disorders at[271]home, which were[272]occasioned by the tribunes. Saturninus having[273]had the Agrarian law[274]passed, to[275]divide among the people the land which Marius had got, by[276]driving the Cimbri out of Gaul,[277]banished Metellus Numidicus, who[278]opposed him; but at last was[279]slain himself by Marius, then consul for the sixth time, in the year 654; and the following year Metellus was[280]recalled from[281]banishment.

After Saturninus, Livius Drusus, tribune of the people, but[282]favouring the senate, being[283]desirous to[284]restore them to their[285]ancient[286]splendor, and to[287]put the[288]execution of their laws into their[289]hands, which C. Gracchus had[290]divided[291]between them and the[292]knights, he passed the same Agrarian laws, and put the[293]allies in[294]hopes of the[295]freedom of the city; which[296]being not able to[297]bring about, he[298]fell under an universal[299]odium, and was[300]stabbed, nobody[301]knew how, in the year 663.

After this, the Romans were[302]engaged in twomost[303]difficult and terrible wars, almost at the same time; one in Italy, and the other without. That was[304]called the[305]Social or[306]Marsic war, because the Marsi had been the first[307]beginners of it; for all the[308]Latins, and most of the people of Italy, being[309]disgusted, that they who were[310]sharers in all the[311]hardships and[312]dangers of the war, should be[313]excluded from the[314]honours and[315]dignities of the[316]state; and being[317]frustrated in the hopes of[318]obtaining the[319]freedom of the city by Drusus,[320]endeavoured to[321]compass that by[322]force of arms, which they could not obtain[323]by fair means. They first[324]attempted in the Latin[325]Feriæ, to[326]assassinate both the consuls, Philip and Cæsar; but the[327]matter being[328]discovered, they[329]openly[330]revolted,[331]massacred Q. Servilius the proconsul,[332]Fonteius and all the Romans at[333]Asculum. After this the war was[334]carried on with[335]various[336]success. Cn.[337]Pompey Strabo, father of Pompey the[338]Great,[339]distinguished himself upon this[340]occasion. He[341]forced the Vestini and Peligni to[342]submission, and[343]triumphed upon that[344]account.[345]Likewise L. Sylla Cæsar, the consul’s[346]lieutenant, did, by his great successes against the enemy,[347]obtain the[348]consulship, in which he[349]made an end of the war.

Soon after[350]broke out a war between the Romansand[351]Mithridates, who having[352]taken off Ariarthes, king of Cappadocia, his[353]sister’s[354]husband, together with his son of the same[355]name, had[356]seized upon the kingdom; but being forced to[357]forego what he had[358]unjustly got, Ariobarzanes was[359]nominated king of Cappadocia by the senate, but forced out of his[360]dominions by Mithridates, and[361]restored by Sylla. After this he was once more[362]driven out of Cappadocia by Mithridates,[363]as was likewise Nicomedes out of Bithynia. But both[364]recovered their dominions again by a[365]decree of the senate; which Mithridates being[366]offended at, he[367]invaded Cappadocia and Bithynia,[368]routed the Roman armies,[369]massacred all the Italians,[370]throughout Asia in one day; and[371]reduced Macedon,[372]Thrace,[373]Greece, and[374]Athens. The consul Sylla[375]marching against him,[376]took Athens, and having[377]defeated his generals, forced him to a peace upon the[378]conditions of his[379]quitting Asia, Bithynia, and Cappadocia.

[1]incirca

[2]Lusitáni

[3]Spagna

[4]báttere

[5]ignominiosaménte

[6]sotto

[7]condótta

[8]Viriato

[9]cacciatóre

[10]diventáre

[11]ladro di strada

[12]sconfíggere

[13]armáta

[14]più volte

[15]sconfítta

[16]memorábile

[17]altro

[18]rotto

[19]truppa

[20]Vetílio

[21]pretóre

[22]fare

[23]méttere

[24]morte

[25]Appiáno

[26]solo

[27]vinto

[28]soffríre

[29]fato

[30]fortunáto

[31]contro

[32]C. Lelio

[33]Quinto Fabio Mássimo

[34]sconfíggere

[35]Q. Servílio Cepióne

[36]vilménte

[37]fare

[38]assassináre

[39]uffiziále

[40]corrótto

[41]a questo effétto

[42]disonóre

[43]nome

[44]pericolóso

[45]accendérsi

[46]ricevúto

[47]Segidénsi

[48]alleáto

[49]scampáto

[50]mano

[51]comandáto

[52]consegnáre

[53]rifuggiáto

[54]cédere

[55]arma

[56]ricusáre

[57]benchè

[58]inferióre

[59]número

[60]forza

[61]fare

[62]valente

[63]resisténza

[64]anno

[65]armáta

[66]M. Popílio

[67]tagliata fuori

[68]seguénte

[69]trenta

[70]mila

[71]sconfitto

[72]disastro

[73]seguíto

[74]vergognóso

[75]pace

[76]ricusáre

[77]ratificáre

[78]perciò

[79]consegnáto

[80]ricévere

[81]alla fine

[82]vinto

[83]battáglia campále

[84]distrútto

[85]rinchiúso

[86]muro

[87]ridótto

[88]estréma disperazióne

[89]uccidérsi

[90]spianáto

[91]sollevazióne

[92]fondaziòne

[93]mentre

[94]ancóra

[95]Achei

[96]conquistáto

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