[1]Lafitau.—Moeurs des Sauvages Ameriquains. Paris 1724. II p. 242, 243.[2]Schweinfurth. The Heart of Africa. New York, 1874.I, p. 257.[3]Swan.—Northwest Coast, p. 248.[4]Bancroft.—Native Races.I., p. 237.[5]Kane.—Wanderings of an Artist among the Indians. London, 1859.[6]Smithsonian Report. 1885. Pt. ii, p. 723.[7]American Antiquarian. Mendon, Illinois, September, 1886.VIII, p. 283.[8]Smithsonian Report. 1865. p. 367.[9]Dr. Matthews’s mountain chant of the Navajos, in the fifth annual report (1883-’84) of the Bureau of Ethnology, gives some very striking ceremonial uses of fire. No ethnologist should fail to read this important contribution to science.[10]The Aborigines of Hispaniola. J. Anthrop., Inst. Gt. Britain and Ireland,XVI, p. 282.[11]G. Benzoni.—History of the New World. Hakluyt Society,XXI, p. 151.[12]Smith.—The Natural Inhabitants of Virginia. English Scholars’ Library. No. 16, p. 68.[13]Beverley.—History of Virginia. 1722. 197, 198.[14]Loskiel.—History of the Mission of the United Brethren. London, 1794. p. 54.[15]Benj. Hawkins’ Sketch of the Creek Country. 1798-’99. 68-72, cited in Pickett’s History of Alabama.I, p. 108.[16]Fifth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology. 1883-’84. p. 518.[17]The George Catlin Indian Gallery. Smithsonian Report. 1885.II, p. 456.[18]Schoolcraft.—Indian Tribes. 1851-60.III, Pl. 28.[19]Smithsonian Report. 1885.II, p. 315.[20]Sir Daniel Wilson.—Prehistoric Man.II, p. 375.[21]Darwin.—Narrative of the voyage of the Beagle.III, p. 458. Cited in Early History of Mankind. p. 241.[22]Dr. Emil Hassler.—In Jahrbuch Mittelschweiz. Commerciel. Gesellsch. Arau, Zweiter Band. 1888. 114, 115.[23]Harper’s Monthly Magazine. Nov. 1853.VII, p. 745.[24]Trans. Asiat. Soc. Japan. 1878, vi. Pt.II, p. 223.[25]J. Anthrop. Inst. Great Britain and Ireland. 1885.XV, p. 10.[26]Proc. Royal Soc. Edinburgh. Session of 1883-’84. p. 309.[27]Schweinfurth.—The Heart of Africa. New York, 1874.I, 531, 532.[28]J. G. Wood.—The Natural History of Man.I, p. 101.[29]Mason.—Throwing-sticks in the National Museum. Smithsonian Report. 1884.II, p. 279.[30]Nordenskiöld.—Voyage of theVega. London, 1881.II, p. 121.[31]Seebohm.—Siberia in Asia. p. 109.[32]Trans. Ethnol. Soc. London, 1861. p. 140.[33]Hind.—Labrador.I, p. 149.[34]Danish Umiak Expedition to Eastern Greenland, 1888. p. 28. PlateXIVcontains the figure.[35]Danish Umiak Expedition. Preliminary Report, p. 208. This seems scarcely what would be inferred from the development of these inventions.[36]Hakluyt Society.III, p. 104.[37]Die amerikanische Nordpol-Expedition. Leipzig. p. 358.[38]Nordenskiöld.—Voyage of theVega. London, 1881.II, 121, 122.[39]Nordenskiöld.—Voyage of theVega. London, 1881.II, 120, 121.[40]D. D. Daly.—Proc. Roy. Geog. Soc. 1888. p. 10.[41]Capt. T. H. Lewis.—Hill tribes of Chittagong. Calcutta, 1869. p. 83.[42]The American Anthropologist. Washington, 1888.I, No. 3, p. 294.[43]J. G. Wood.—The Natural History of Man.II, p. 502.[44]R. Brough Smith.—The Aborigines of Victoria. London, 1878.I, p. 393.[45]W. Powell.—Wanderings in a Wild Country, p. 206.[46]R. Brough Smith.—The Aborigines of Victoria. London, 1878.I, p. 394.[47]Dawkins.—Early Man in Britain. London. p. 210.[48]Loc. cit., p. 258.[49]J. Anthrop. Inst. Great Britain and Ireland.VII, p. 83.[50]Lafitan.—Moeurs des Sauvages Ameriquains. p. 272. An earlier account is found in Le Jeune, Relation de 1634, p. 24. Quebec, 1858.[51]J. Anthrop. Inst. Great Britain and Ireland, v, p. 225.[52]Extracted from an article by the author in Proceedings U. S. National Museum,XI, 1888,181-4.[53]Smithsonian Report. 1860. p. 326.[54]Die amerikanische Nordpol-Expedition. Leipzig, 1879. p. 358.[55]Kane.—Arctic Explorations.I, p. 379.[56]Parry.—Second Voyage. London, 1824. p. 504.[57]Bancroft.—Native Races of the Pacific States.I, p. 91.[58]Keller.—Swiss Lake Dwellings. Pl. xxviii, fig. 29.[59]Sir J. W. Dawson gives an interesting account of the strike-a-light flints used in Egypt in 1844, in Modern Science in Bible Lands, p. 30.[60]See figure in D. Bruce Peebles’s address on Illumination, in Trans. Roy. Scottish Society of Arts, Edinburgh,XII., partI, p. 96.[61]Nordenskiöld.—Voyage of theVega,II, p. 122.[62]The George Catlin Indian Gallery. Smithsonian Report. 1885.II, p. 456.[63]See figure in Jour. Anthrop. Inst. Great Britain,XVI, 1886, p. 67.[64]See figure in Jahrbuch Mittelschweiz. Commercial. Gesellsch, Arau, Zweiter Band, 1888, pp. 114-115.[65]From photograph.
[1]Lafitau.—Moeurs des Sauvages Ameriquains. Paris 1724. II p. 242, 243.
[2]Schweinfurth. The Heart of Africa. New York, 1874.I, p. 257.
[3]Swan.—Northwest Coast, p. 248.
[4]Bancroft.—Native Races.I., p. 237.
[5]Kane.—Wanderings of an Artist among the Indians. London, 1859.
[6]Smithsonian Report. 1885. Pt. ii, p. 723.
[7]American Antiquarian. Mendon, Illinois, September, 1886.VIII, p. 283.
[8]Smithsonian Report. 1865. p. 367.
[9]Dr. Matthews’s mountain chant of the Navajos, in the fifth annual report (1883-’84) of the Bureau of Ethnology, gives some very striking ceremonial uses of fire. No ethnologist should fail to read this important contribution to science.
[10]The Aborigines of Hispaniola. J. Anthrop., Inst. Gt. Britain and Ireland,XVI, p. 282.
[11]G. Benzoni.—History of the New World. Hakluyt Society,XXI, p. 151.
[12]Smith.—The Natural Inhabitants of Virginia. English Scholars’ Library. No. 16, p. 68.
[13]Beverley.—History of Virginia. 1722. 197, 198.
[14]Loskiel.—History of the Mission of the United Brethren. London, 1794. p. 54.
[15]Benj. Hawkins’ Sketch of the Creek Country. 1798-’99. 68-72, cited in Pickett’s History of Alabama.I, p. 108.
[16]Fifth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology. 1883-’84. p. 518.
[17]The George Catlin Indian Gallery. Smithsonian Report. 1885.II, p. 456.
[18]Schoolcraft.—Indian Tribes. 1851-60.III, Pl. 28.
[19]Smithsonian Report. 1885.II, p. 315.
[20]Sir Daniel Wilson.—Prehistoric Man.II, p. 375.
[21]Darwin.—Narrative of the voyage of the Beagle.III, p. 458. Cited in Early History of Mankind. p. 241.
[22]Dr. Emil Hassler.—In Jahrbuch Mittelschweiz. Commerciel. Gesellsch. Arau, Zweiter Band. 1888. 114, 115.
[23]Harper’s Monthly Magazine. Nov. 1853.VII, p. 745.
[24]Trans. Asiat. Soc. Japan. 1878, vi. Pt.II, p. 223.
[25]J. Anthrop. Inst. Great Britain and Ireland. 1885.XV, p. 10.
[26]Proc. Royal Soc. Edinburgh. Session of 1883-’84. p. 309.
[27]Schweinfurth.—The Heart of Africa. New York, 1874.I, 531, 532.
[28]J. G. Wood.—The Natural History of Man.I, p. 101.
[29]Mason.—Throwing-sticks in the National Museum. Smithsonian Report. 1884.II, p. 279.
[30]Nordenskiöld.—Voyage of theVega. London, 1881.II, p. 121.
[31]Seebohm.—Siberia in Asia. p. 109.
[32]Trans. Ethnol. Soc. London, 1861. p. 140.
[33]Hind.—Labrador.I, p. 149.
[34]Danish Umiak Expedition to Eastern Greenland, 1888. p. 28. PlateXIVcontains the figure.
[35]Danish Umiak Expedition. Preliminary Report, p. 208. This seems scarcely what would be inferred from the development of these inventions.
[36]Hakluyt Society.III, p. 104.
[37]Die amerikanische Nordpol-Expedition. Leipzig. p. 358.
[38]Nordenskiöld.—Voyage of theVega. London, 1881.II, 121, 122.
[39]Nordenskiöld.—Voyage of theVega. London, 1881.II, 120, 121.
[40]D. D. Daly.—Proc. Roy. Geog. Soc. 1888. p. 10.
[41]Capt. T. H. Lewis.—Hill tribes of Chittagong. Calcutta, 1869. p. 83.
[42]The American Anthropologist. Washington, 1888.I, No. 3, p. 294.
[43]J. G. Wood.—The Natural History of Man.II, p. 502.
[44]R. Brough Smith.—The Aborigines of Victoria. London, 1878.I, p. 393.
[45]W. Powell.—Wanderings in a Wild Country, p. 206.
[46]R. Brough Smith.—The Aborigines of Victoria. London, 1878.I, p. 394.
[47]Dawkins.—Early Man in Britain. London. p. 210.
[48]Loc. cit., p. 258.
[49]J. Anthrop. Inst. Great Britain and Ireland.VII, p. 83.
[50]Lafitan.—Moeurs des Sauvages Ameriquains. p. 272. An earlier account is found in Le Jeune, Relation de 1634, p. 24. Quebec, 1858.
[51]J. Anthrop. Inst. Great Britain and Ireland, v, p. 225.
[52]Extracted from an article by the author in Proceedings U. S. National Museum,XI, 1888,181-4.
[53]Smithsonian Report. 1860. p. 326.
[54]Die amerikanische Nordpol-Expedition. Leipzig, 1879. p. 358.
[55]Kane.—Arctic Explorations.I, p. 379.
[56]Parry.—Second Voyage. London, 1824. p. 504.
[57]Bancroft.—Native Races of the Pacific States.I, p. 91.
[58]Keller.—Swiss Lake Dwellings. Pl. xxviii, fig. 29.
[59]Sir J. W. Dawson gives an interesting account of the strike-a-light flints used in Egypt in 1844, in Modern Science in Bible Lands, p. 30.
[60]See figure in D. Bruce Peebles’s address on Illumination, in Trans. Roy. Scottish Society of Arts, Edinburgh,XII., partI, p. 96.
[61]Nordenskiöld.—Voyage of theVega,II, p. 122.
[62]The George Catlin Indian Gallery. Smithsonian Report. 1885.II, p. 456.
[63]See figure in Jour. Anthrop. Inst. Great Britain,XVI, 1886, p. 67.
[64]See figure in Jahrbuch Mittelschweiz. Commercial. Gesellsch, Arau, Zweiter Band, 1888, pp. 114-115.
[65]From photograph.