BEARGRASSHileman photo.BEARGRASS
With the exception of the Kootenais, few Indians ventured into the fastness of the park mountains before the coming of the white men. Yet so frequently did a large number of tribes use its trails for hunting andwarfare, or camp in midsummer along its lakes and streams on the edge of the plains, that the park has an Indian story intertwined with its own that is unsurpassed in interest. Except for a few plateau Indians who had strong plains' characteristics because they once lived on the plains, all tribes were of that most interesting of Indian types, the plains Indian.
The earliest peoples inhabiting the northern Montana plains of which we have any record were apparently Snake Indians of Shoshonean stock. Later Nez Perces, Flatheads, and Kootenais pushed eastward through passes from the headwaters of the Columbia River system. Then came horses and firearms, and the whites themselves to set up an entirely different state of affairs in their hitherto relatively peaceful existence. First, a growing and expounding Siouan race, pressed forward also by an expanding irresistible Algonkian stock, occupied the high plains and pushed back its peoples behind the wall of mountains. These were the Crows from the south, the Assiniboins to the east. Lastly, armed with strategy and Hudson's Bay Co. firearms, and given speed and range with horses, the dauntless Blackfeet came forth from their forests to become the terror of the north. They grew strong on the abundance of food and game on the Great Plains, and pushed the Crows beyond the Yellowstone River, until met by the forces of white soldiery and the tide of civilization.
Today the Blackfeet on the reservation adjoining the park on the east remain a pitiful but picturesque remnant of their former pride and glory. They have laid aside their former intense hostility to the whites and have reconciled themselves to the fate of irrepressible civilization. Dressed in colorful native costume, a few families of braves greet the park visitor at Glacier Park Station and Hotel. Here they sing, dance, and tell stories of their former greatness. In these are reflected in a measure the dignity, the nobility, the haughtiness, and the savagery of one of the highest and most interesting of aboriginal American peoples.
Albright, Horace M., andTaylor, Frank J.Oh, Ranger! About the national parks.Bowman, I.Forest Physiography. New York, 1911. Illustrated; maps.Eaton, Walter Pritchard.Boy Scouts in Glacier Park. 1918. 336 pages.—— Sky-line Camps. 1922. 268 pp., illustrated. A record of wanderings in the Northwestern Mountains from Glacier National Park to Crater Lake National Park in Oregon.Elrod, Dr. Morton J.Complete Guide to Glacier National Park. 1924. 208 pp.Faris, John T.Roaming the Rockies. 1930. 333 pp., illustrated. Farrar & Rinehart, New York City, Glacier National Park on pp. 42 to 80.Holtz, Mathilde Edith, andBemis, Katherine Isabel. Glacier National Park, Its Trails and Treasures. 1917. 262 pp., illustrated.Jeffers, Le Roy.The Call of the Mountains. 1922. 282 pp., illustrated. Dodd, Mead & Co. Glacier National Park on pp. 35-39.Johnson, C.Highways of Rocky Mountains. Mountains and Valleys in Montana, pp. 194-215. Illustrated.Kane, J. F.Picturesque America. 1935. 256 pp., illustrated. Frederick Gumbrecht, Brooklyn, N. Y. Glacier National Park on pp. 147-169.Laut, Agnes C.The Blazed Trail of the Old Frontier. Robt. M. McBride & Co., New York, 1926.—— Enchanted Trails of Glacier Park. Robt. M. McBride & Co., New York. 1926.Marshall, L.Seeing America. Philadelphia, 1916. Illustrated. Map. Chapter XXIII, Among the American Alps, Glacier National Park, pp. 193-200.McClintock, W.The Old North Trail. 539 pp., illustrated, maps. Macmillan Co. 1920.—— Old Indian Trails, Houghton Mifflin Co. 1923.Mills, Enos A.Your National Parks. 532 pp., illustrated. Houghton Mifflin Co. 1917. Glacier National Park on pp. 148-160, 475-487.Rinehart, Mary Roberts.Through Glacier Park. The Log of a Trip with Howard Eaton. 1916. 92 pp., illustrated.—— My Country 'Tis of Thee.Rolfe, Mary A.Our National Parks, Book Two. A supplementary reader on the national parks for fifth- and sixth-grade students. Benj. H. Sanborn & Co., Chicago. 1928. Glacier National Park on pp. 197-242.Sanders, H. F.Trails Through Western Woods. 1910. 310 pp., illustrated.—— History of Montana, vol. 1, 1913. 847 pp. Glacier National Park on pp. 685-689.—— The White Quiver. 344 pp., illustrated, Duffield & Co., New York. 1913.Schultze, James Willard.Blackfeet Tales of Glacier National Park. 1916. 242 pp., illustrated.Steele, David M.Going Abroad Overland. 1917. 198 pp., illustrated. Glacier National Park on pp. 92-101.Stimson, Henry L.The Ascent of Chief Mountain. In Hunting in Many Lands, edited by Theodore Roosevelt and George B. Grinnell, 1895, pp. 220-237.Yard, Robert Sterling.The Book of the National Parks. Scribner's, 1926, 444 pp., 74 illustrations, 14 maps and diagrams. Glacier National Park on pp. 251-283.
Albright, Horace M., andTaylor, Frank J.Oh, Ranger! About the national parks.
Bowman, I.Forest Physiography. New York, 1911. Illustrated; maps.
Eaton, Walter Pritchard.Boy Scouts in Glacier Park. 1918. 336 pages.
—— Sky-line Camps. 1922. 268 pp., illustrated. A record of wanderings in the Northwestern Mountains from Glacier National Park to Crater Lake National Park in Oregon.
Elrod, Dr. Morton J.Complete Guide to Glacier National Park. 1924. 208 pp.
Faris, John T.Roaming the Rockies. 1930. 333 pp., illustrated. Farrar & Rinehart, New York City, Glacier National Park on pp. 42 to 80.
Holtz, Mathilde Edith, andBemis, Katherine Isabel. Glacier National Park, Its Trails and Treasures. 1917. 262 pp., illustrated.
Jeffers, Le Roy.The Call of the Mountains. 1922. 282 pp., illustrated. Dodd, Mead & Co. Glacier National Park on pp. 35-39.
Johnson, C.Highways of Rocky Mountains. Mountains and Valleys in Montana, pp. 194-215. Illustrated.
Kane, J. F.Picturesque America. 1935. 256 pp., illustrated. Frederick Gumbrecht, Brooklyn, N. Y. Glacier National Park on pp. 147-169.
Laut, Agnes C.The Blazed Trail of the Old Frontier. Robt. M. McBride & Co., New York, 1926.
—— Enchanted Trails of Glacier Park. Robt. M. McBride & Co., New York. 1926.
Marshall, L.Seeing America. Philadelphia, 1916. Illustrated. Map. Chapter XXIII, Among the American Alps, Glacier National Park, pp. 193-200.
McClintock, W.The Old North Trail. 539 pp., illustrated, maps. Macmillan Co. 1920.
—— Old Indian Trails, Houghton Mifflin Co. 1923.
Mills, Enos A.Your National Parks. 532 pp., illustrated. Houghton Mifflin Co. 1917. Glacier National Park on pp. 148-160, 475-487.
Rinehart, Mary Roberts.Through Glacier Park. The Log of a Trip with Howard Eaton. 1916. 92 pp., illustrated.
—— My Country 'Tis of Thee.
Rolfe, Mary A.Our National Parks, Book Two. A supplementary reader on the national parks for fifth- and sixth-grade students. Benj. H. Sanborn & Co., Chicago. 1928. Glacier National Park on pp. 197-242.
Sanders, H. F.Trails Through Western Woods. 1910. 310 pp., illustrated.
—— History of Montana, vol. 1, 1913. 847 pp. Glacier National Park on pp. 685-689.
—— The White Quiver. 344 pp., illustrated, Duffield & Co., New York. 1913.
Schultze, James Willard.Blackfeet Tales of Glacier National Park. 1916. 242 pp., illustrated.
Steele, David M.Going Abroad Overland. 1917. 198 pp., illustrated. Glacier National Park on pp. 92-101.
Stimson, Henry L.The Ascent of Chief Mountain. In Hunting in Many Lands, edited by Theodore Roosevelt and George B. Grinnell, 1895, pp. 220-237.
Yard, Robert Sterling.The Book of the National Parks. Scribner's, 1926, 444 pp., 74 illustrations, 14 maps and diagrams. Glacier National Park on pp. 251-283.
Glimpses of Our National Parks.Brief descriptions of national parks. Address Director, National Park Service, Washington, D. C. Free.Recreational map.Shows Federal and State recreational areas throughout the United States and gives brief descriptions of principal ones. Address as above. Free.
Glimpses of Our National Parks.Brief descriptions of national parks. Address Director, National Park Service, Washington, D. C. Free.
Recreational map.Shows Federal and State recreational areas throughout the United States and gives brief descriptions of principal ones. Address as above. Free.
Illustrated booklets about the following national parks may be obtained free of charge by writing to the Director, National Park Service:
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Publications for sale in Glacier National Park
AREAS ADMINISTERED BY THE NATIONAL PARK SERVICEAREAS ADMINISTERED BY THE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
(foldout) MAP OF WATERTON-GLACIER INTERNATIONAL PEACE PARKMAP OF WATERTON-GLACIER INTERNATIONAL PEACE PARK