FOOTNOTES:[1]Ehrenberg states that Infusoria are in a higher state of organization when taken from pure streams than from putrid waters.[2]The above mentioned Actinia is extremely abundant on the shores of the Frith of Forth. Sir J. Dalyell terms itA. explorator. Local amateur naturalists frequently reject the specific name of 'Troglodytes,' and adopt the more musical appellation of 'Daisy-Anemone.' Such error seems very pardonable, when we remember the close resemblance which the creature when expanded bears to the daisy of the field. In no single instance have I met with specimens of the trueA. bellisat the above named locality, nor do I think any have ever been found by previous naturalists.[3]Bell's Brit. Crus.[4]Illustrations to Paley's Natural Theology.[5]This affords an important hint to the young aquarian to watch the Patella, and occasionally to touch its conical house, to make sure the proprietor is alive and well.[6]A drawing of this crabwill be found on Plate 3.[7]The fact of the exuvium of the Hermit-Crab being cast off in two pieces, and at different periods, I have since confirmed 'many a time, and oft.'[8]Vide author's 'Seaside and Aquarium.'[9]Since writing the above, I have received the following interesting epistle from Mr. Edward Capern, the celebrated 'poet and rural postman' of Bideford, who kindly sought out the information I desired, relative to the present state of the bridge above alluded to:—Bideford, January 27, 1859.Dear Sir,—I have inquired of the bridge warder, and he informs me that the feoffees of the bridge command mussels to be brought up by the cart-load, to protect the foundation, which is laid onrubble.I am pleased that it has been in my power to procure this information for you—I am, dear sir, faithfully yours,Edward Capern.[10]Cephalic, belonging to the head.[11]My first introduction to the Hyaline stylet as above narrated, occurred in October 1858.[12]Specimens of this species, I may mention, have always formed the subject of my experiments, and therefore are alone alluded to in the following remarks.[13]Mr. Clark says, 'M. Deshayes, in his comment on Pholas, in the last edition of Lanarck, mentions the hinge as scarcely existing, and not beinga veritable ligament.' How different from the fact; and I will observe, that 'if there is a genus better provided than any other of the bivalves with ligamental appendages, it is Pholas.... The Pholas is iron-bound as to ligament, which in it is far more powerful in securing the valves, than is the shell of any other group of the acephala, of similar fragility and tenuity!'[14]In theAthenæum(Nos. 1632 and 1636), were kindly published two letters from the author on the above subject, under the respective dates January 26th, and February 28th, 1859.[15]The above remark holds good, even although (as is frequently the case) the animal wilfully deviates from the straight path, and bores its tunnel in a curved form.[16]British Star-fishes.[17]In a specimen that I examined, and then carefully took to pieces, there were exactly 1780 plates.[18]The 'Aquarian Naturalist,' p. 224.[19]This splendid work, which was published in five volumes, between the years 1802-8, contains 120 exquisite illustrations, all,with the solitary exception, unfortunately, of the Montague Sucker-Fish, accurately drawn and coloured from living specimens, procured at vast trouble by the author.[20]Videauthor's "Sea-side and Aquarium."[21]The arch was cut from one of the waste pieces, of which there are always a large number, lying in a marble mason's yard, and cost but a few pence. The 'chippings' may be had in most cases for the trouble of carrying them away.[22]Mr. Walter Hardie of Edinburgh, who has been my companion in many a delightful excursion among the rock-pools of the shores of the Frith of Forth, and to whom I feel myself greatly indebted for much valuable information relative to the subject of marine zoology.
FOOTNOTES:
[1]Ehrenberg states that Infusoria are in a higher state of organization when taken from pure streams than from putrid waters.[2]The above mentioned Actinia is extremely abundant on the shores of the Frith of Forth. Sir J. Dalyell terms itA. explorator. Local amateur naturalists frequently reject the specific name of 'Troglodytes,' and adopt the more musical appellation of 'Daisy-Anemone.' Such error seems very pardonable, when we remember the close resemblance which the creature when expanded bears to the daisy of the field. In no single instance have I met with specimens of the trueA. bellisat the above named locality, nor do I think any have ever been found by previous naturalists.[3]Bell's Brit. Crus.[4]Illustrations to Paley's Natural Theology.[5]This affords an important hint to the young aquarian to watch the Patella, and occasionally to touch its conical house, to make sure the proprietor is alive and well.[6]A drawing of this crabwill be found on Plate 3.[7]The fact of the exuvium of the Hermit-Crab being cast off in two pieces, and at different periods, I have since confirmed 'many a time, and oft.'[8]Vide author's 'Seaside and Aquarium.'[9]Since writing the above, I have received the following interesting epistle from Mr. Edward Capern, the celebrated 'poet and rural postman' of Bideford, who kindly sought out the information I desired, relative to the present state of the bridge above alluded to:—Bideford, January 27, 1859.Dear Sir,—I have inquired of the bridge warder, and he informs me that the feoffees of the bridge command mussels to be brought up by the cart-load, to protect the foundation, which is laid onrubble.I am pleased that it has been in my power to procure this information for you—I am, dear sir, faithfully yours,Edward Capern.[10]Cephalic, belonging to the head.[11]My first introduction to the Hyaline stylet as above narrated, occurred in October 1858.[12]Specimens of this species, I may mention, have always formed the subject of my experiments, and therefore are alone alluded to in the following remarks.[13]Mr. Clark says, 'M. Deshayes, in his comment on Pholas, in the last edition of Lanarck, mentions the hinge as scarcely existing, and not beinga veritable ligament.' How different from the fact; and I will observe, that 'if there is a genus better provided than any other of the bivalves with ligamental appendages, it is Pholas.... The Pholas is iron-bound as to ligament, which in it is far more powerful in securing the valves, than is the shell of any other group of the acephala, of similar fragility and tenuity!'[14]In theAthenæum(Nos. 1632 and 1636), were kindly published two letters from the author on the above subject, under the respective dates January 26th, and February 28th, 1859.[15]The above remark holds good, even although (as is frequently the case) the animal wilfully deviates from the straight path, and bores its tunnel in a curved form.[16]British Star-fishes.[17]In a specimen that I examined, and then carefully took to pieces, there were exactly 1780 plates.[18]The 'Aquarian Naturalist,' p. 224.[19]This splendid work, which was published in five volumes, between the years 1802-8, contains 120 exquisite illustrations, all,with the solitary exception, unfortunately, of the Montague Sucker-Fish, accurately drawn and coloured from living specimens, procured at vast trouble by the author.[20]Videauthor's "Sea-side and Aquarium."[21]The arch was cut from one of the waste pieces, of which there are always a large number, lying in a marble mason's yard, and cost but a few pence. The 'chippings' may be had in most cases for the trouble of carrying them away.[22]Mr. Walter Hardie of Edinburgh, who has been my companion in many a delightful excursion among the rock-pools of the shores of the Frith of Forth, and to whom I feel myself greatly indebted for much valuable information relative to the subject of marine zoology.
[1]Ehrenberg states that Infusoria are in a higher state of organization when taken from pure streams than from putrid waters.
[2]The above mentioned Actinia is extremely abundant on the shores of the Frith of Forth. Sir J. Dalyell terms itA. explorator. Local amateur naturalists frequently reject the specific name of 'Troglodytes,' and adopt the more musical appellation of 'Daisy-Anemone.' Such error seems very pardonable, when we remember the close resemblance which the creature when expanded bears to the daisy of the field. In no single instance have I met with specimens of the trueA. bellisat the above named locality, nor do I think any have ever been found by previous naturalists.
[3]Bell's Brit. Crus.
[4]Illustrations to Paley's Natural Theology.
[5]This affords an important hint to the young aquarian to watch the Patella, and occasionally to touch its conical house, to make sure the proprietor is alive and well.
[6]A drawing of this crabwill be found on Plate 3.
[7]The fact of the exuvium of the Hermit-Crab being cast off in two pieces, and at different periods, I have since confirmed 'many a time, and oft.'
[8]Vide author's 'Seaside and Aquarium.'
[9]Since writing the above, I have received the following interesting epistle from Mr. Edward Capern, the celebrated 'poet and rural postman' of Bideford, who kindly sought out the information I desired, relative to the present state of the bridge above alluded to:—
Bideford, January 27, 1859.
Dear Sir,—I have inquired of the bridge warder, and he informs me that the feoffees of the bridge command mussels to be brought up by the cart-load, to protect the foundation, which is laid onrubble.
I am pleased that it has been in my power to procure this information for you—I am, dear sir, faithfully yours,
Edward Capern.
[10]Cephalic, belonging to the head.
[11]My first introduction to the Hyaline stylet as above narrated, occurred in October 1858.
[12]Specimens of this species, I may mention, have always formed the subject of my experiments, and therefore are alone alluded to in the following remarks.
[13]Mr. Clark says, 'M. Deshayes, in his comment on Pholas, in the last edition of Lanarck, mentions the hinge as scarcely existing, and not beinga veritable ligament.' How different from the fact; and I will observe, that 'if there is a genus better provided than any other of the bivalves with ligamental appendages, it is Pholas.... The Pholas is iron-bound as to ligament, which in it is far more powerful in securing the valves, than is the shell of any other group of the acephala, of similar fragility and tenuity!'
[14]In theAthenæum(Nos. 1632 and 1636), were kindly published two letters from the author on the above subject, under the respective dates January 26th, and February 28th, 1859.
[15]The above remark holds good, even although (as is frequently the case) the animal wilfully deviates from the straight path, and bores its tunnel in a curved form.
[16]British Star-fishes.
[17]In a specimen that I examined, and then carefully took to pieces, there were exactly 1780 plates.
[18]The 'Aquarian Naturalist,' p. 224.
[19]This splendid work, which was published in five volumes, between the years 1802-8, contains 120 exquisite illustrations, all,with the solitary exception, unfortunately, of the Montague Sucker-Fish, accurately drawn and coloured from living specimens, procured at vast trouble by the author.
[20]Videauthor's "Sea-side and Aquarium."
[21]The arch was cut from one of the waste pieces, of which there are always a large number, lying in a marble mason's yard, and cost but a few pence. The 'chippings' may be had in most cases for the trouble of carrying them away.
[22]Mr. Walter Hardie of Edinburgh, who has been my companion in many a delightful excursion among the rock-pools of the shores of the Frith of Forth, and to whom I feel myself greatly indebted for much valuable information relative to the subject of marine zoology.
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TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE:Obvious printer errors have been corrected. Otherwise, the author's original spelling, punctuation and hyphenation have been left intact.
TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE:
Obvious printer errors have been corrected. Otherwise, the author's original spelling, punctuation and hyphenation have been left intact.