Quh-. Words beginning thus begin in modern English with Wh. Thus, Quhen = when, etc.Quhilk (whilk), which,184.A.S.hwylc= Lat.qualisrather thanqui.Quhill, while,used as a noun,1229,1293.A.S.hwíl, a period of time.Quhill, until,24,198.SeeWhill.Quhy; the quhy = the why, the reason,123,1497.Qwhelis, wheels,736.A.S.hweol.Qwheyar, whether,1187.Quhois,Qwhois,whose,171,1297.Rachis, hounds,531.Su-G.racka, a bitch, which from the v.racka, to race, course. Perhaps connected withbrach.Radur, fear,1489, J.From Su-G.rædd, fearful; Dan.ræd.Raddour,2133,Radour,1835,3465,fear.Raid, rode,3070,3260, etc.Ralef, relieve,3364.Ramed, remedy,117.SeeRemed.Randoune, in,2542.The corresponding line (l. 739) suggests thatin Randoune=al about, i.e. in a circuit. But if we translate it by “in haste,” or “in great force,” we keep nearer to the true etymology. In Ogilvie’s Imperial Dictionary,s.v.Random, we find the Nor. Fr.randonnéeexplained to mean the “sweeping circuit made by a wounded and frightened animal;” but the true meaning ofrandonnéeis certainlyforce, impetuosity; see R., Cotgrave, etc. In Danish,randis a surrounding edge or margin; while in Dutch we findrondomround about.Raquer, require,2409.Raß, race, swift course,3088.A.S.rǽs. Compare Eng.mill-race, and D.ras.Recidens, delay,2359.R.residier, to defer.Recist, resist,566,660,2578.Recounterit, met (in a hostile manner), encountered,2958.Fr.rencontrer.Record, witness, testimony; hence value,388.R.record.Recorde, to speak of, mention;hard recorde, heard say,121,595.Recorde, speak out,454,481.See R.recorder.Recordith, is suitable, belongs,606.Recourse, to return,1798.Lat.recurrere.Red, to advise,1027,1198.A.S.rǽdan; Goth.rêdan.Relewit (relieved), lifted up again, rescued,2617.Fr.relever. J.Remede,89,Remed,718,remedy.Remuf, remove,655.Report, to narrate,266;to explain,294;to state,320.Reprefe, reproof, defeat,764.Reput, he reputed, i.e. thought, considered,743.Resauit, received,2796.Resawit, received, kept,2106.We should have expected to find “reseruit.”Resonite, resounded,66.Resydens,delay,670.SeeRecidens.Revare,275,Rewar,2893,Rewere,2812,river.Reweyll, proud, haughty,2853.R.revelé, fier, hautain, orgueilleux. Compare Lat.rebellare.Richwysneß, righteousness,1406.A.S.rihtwísnes.Rigne,94,1527,Ring,1468,Ringe,1325,a kingdom.Fr.régne. Ch.regne.Rignis, kingdoms,1858.Rignis, Rignith, reigneth,1825,782.Ringne, a kingdom,1952.Rout, a company, a band,812,2956,3403.Rowt,2600.Rowmyth, roometh, i.e. makes void, empties,3390.A.S.rúmian.Rown, run;past part.2488,2820.Rwn, run,2545.Rygnis, kingdoms,1904.Ryne, to run,113. See2952.Ryng, to reign,1409,2130.Sa, so,3322,3406.Dan.saa.Saade, said,698.Salust, saluted,546,919,1553,2749.Ch.salewe.Salosing, salutation,1309.Sar, sorely,1660.Sauch, saw,817,1219,1225.A.S.ic seáh, fromseón.Schawin, shewn,2387.Schent, disgraced, ruined,1880.A.S.scendan; Dan.skiænde.Schrewit, accursed,1945.Scilla, the name of a bird, also called Ciris,2483.——“plumis in avem mutata vocaturCiris, et a tonso est hoc nomen adepta capillo.”(Ovid, Met. viii.150.)Screwis, shrews, ill-natured persons,1053.More often used of males than females in old authors.Sedulis, letters,142.R.cedule.Sege, a seat,2258.Fr.siége.Semble, a warlike assembly, hostile gathering,988,2206.Semblit, assembled,845.G.sammeln; from Goth.sama,samana.Semblyng, encountering,2951.SeeAssemble.Sen, since,709,800, etc.Sen at, since that. In Piers Plowman we findsyn.Septure, sceptre,666.Sere, several, various,594,731,746.“Su-G.sær, adv. denoting separation.” J. Cf. Lat.se-.Sess, to cease,14, etc.Fr.cesser.Set, although.Sew, to follow up, seek,2326.R.suir; Fr.suivre.Sew, to follow up, go, proceed,3145.Sewyt,2614.Shauyth, shewith,412.Sice, such,2115.Scotch,sic.Snybbyth, snubs, checks,3387.Comp. D.sneb, a beak;snebbig, snappish.Sobing, sobbing, moaning,2658.Socht,Soght,sought to go; and hence, made his (or their) way, proceeded, went,2619,3179,3357,3428.Sought one, advanced upon, attacked,3149,3311.Sought to, made his way to,3130.A.S.sécan, past tenseic sóhte, to seek, approach, go towards.Sor, sorrow, anxiety,74.A.S.sorh; Goth.saúrga.Sort, lot, fate,26.Fr.sort.Sound, to be consonant with,149.See Gloss. to Tyrwhitt’s Chaucer.Lat.sonare.Soundith,1811. “So the puple soundith,” so the opinion of the people tends.“As fer assounethinto honestee.”(Chaucer:Monkes Prologue.)Soundith, tend,1943;tends,149.Sown, sound,1035.Fr.son.Sownis, sounds,772,3436.Spent, fastened, clasped,2809.A.S.spannan, to clasp, join. Comp. Dan.spænde, to stretch, span, buckle together.Spere,Spir,sphere,6,170;speris, spheres, circuits,24.Spere, to inquire,1170.A.S.spirian, to track. Cf. G.spur.Sperithis, spear’s,810.Spill, to destroy, ruin,1990.A.S.spillan.Spreit, spirit,81,364.Stak,226. J. gives “to the steeks,completely;” and this is the sense here.See Jamieson: s.v. “Steik.” Halliwell givesstake, to block up; alsosteck, a stopping place (cf. Shakespeare’ssticking-place, Macb. i. vii. l. 60). In the N. of France it is said of one killed or severely wounded,il a eu son estoque, he has had his belly-ful; fromestoquer, to cram, satiate, “stodge.”Compare Ital.stucco, cloyed. It has also been suggested thatto the stakmay mean to thestock, i.e. up to the hilt, very deeply.Start, started up, leapt,994,1094.Stede, stead, place,218,1124.A.S.stede.Steir, to stir,817.A.S.stirian.Stekith, shuts,1651.Ger.stecken. Burns hassteek.Stek, shut, concluded,316.Stell, steel,809.Stell commonly means a stall, or fixed place; but the formstellforsteeloccurs; e.g. “Brounstelle was heuy and also kene.”Arthur, l. 97.Sterapis,3056,Steropis,3132,stirrups.A.S.stí-raporstíge-ráp, fromstígan, to mount, andráp, rope.Stere, ruler, arbiter,1020;control, guidance,1974.Stere, to rule, control,1344,2884,A.S.stýran.Stere, to stir, move, go,3430.SeeSteir.Sterith, stirreth,2829.Sterf, to die,1028.A.S.steorfan.Sterit, governed,612.A.S.stýran.Stert, started,377.Stok, the stake to which a baited bear is chained,3386.Stour, conflict,1108,2607,3124.R.estour.Straucht, stretched out,3090.A.S.streccan, past part.gestreht.Strekith, stretcheth, i.e. exciteth to his full stride,3082.Subiet,1799,Subeitis,1828,Subiettis,1878,subject; subjects.Sudandly, Sodandly, suddenly,1009,1876.Suet, sweet,331.Suppris, (surprise), overwhelming power,691,860,2651;oppression,1352.Fr.surprendre, to catch unawares.Supprisit, overwhelmed,1237,1282;overpowered,2705,3208.Supprisit ded, suddenly killed,3125.Surryȝenis, surgeons,2726.Suth, sooth, true,110.A.S.sóð.Suthfastnes, truth,1183.A.S.sóðfæstnes.Sutly, soothly, truly,963.Swelf, a gulf such as is in the centre of a whirlpool, a vortex,1318, J.A.S.swelgan, to swallow up.Sweuen, a dream,440.A.S.swefn.Swth, sooth, true,2753.SeeSuth.Syne,2026,Synne,2029,sin.Syne, afterwards, next. J.45,794, etc.Syß, times,3054.A.S.sið.Tais,1095,3005,Taiis,1141.takes. Abbreviated, as “ma” is from “make.”SeeMa.Tane, taken,264.Ten, grief, vexation,2646,3237.A.S.teonan, to vex.Tennandis, tennants, vassals holding fiefs,1729.R.tenancier.Than, then,3111.The, (1) they, (2) thee, (3) thy.Thelke, that,709.Seel. 629, wherethe ilkoccurs; and seeIlk.Thir, these, those,2734,2745,2911,3110, etc.Thithingis, tidings,2279.A.S.tidan, to happen.Tho, then,545,2221;them,2368.Thoore, there,628. Thore,1102.Thrid, third,370,2347,2401.A.S.þridda.Throng, closely pressed, crowded,3366.A.S.þringan.Til, to; til have, to have,706.Tint, lost,1384.SeeTyne.Tithandis, tidings,2310.Tithingis, tidings,902,2336.To, too, besides,3045.Togidder, together,254.To-kerwith, carves or cuts to pieces; al to-kerwith, cuts all to pieces,868.A.S.to-ceorfian. The prefixto-is intensive, and forms a part of the verb. See Judges ix.53: “All to-brake his skull;” i.e. utterly brake; sometimes misprinted “all to break” (!).Ton, taken,1054,1071.Ton, one; the ton, the one,1822.The tone = A.S.þæt áne.To-schent, disfigured,1221.The intensive form of the A.S. verbscendan, to shame, destroy. In the same line we haveto-hurt, and in the next lineto-rent, words modelled on the same form. We find, e.g., in Spenser, the formsall to-rent,all to-brus’d. (See the note on the prefixTo-in the Glossary to William of Palerne.)Tothir, the other,2536.The tothir = A.S.þæt oþere, whereþætis the neuter gender of the definite article. Burns hasthe tither.Toyer (= tother), the other;ybeing written for the A.S.þ(th),2571,2584.Traist, to trust, to be confident,390,1129,1149, J.Trast,1659.Traisting of (trusting), reliance upon, or expectation of,25, J.Translat,508,Transulat,2204,to transfer, remove.Tratory, treachery,3224.See R.traïtor.Trety, treatise,145.Fr.traité.Trewis, truce,1568,2488,2545.Tronsione,239,Trunscyoune,2962,Trownsciown,2890,a truncheon, a stump of a spear.Fr.tronçon; from Lat.truncus.In the last passage it means a sceptre,bâton.
Quh-. Words beginning thus begin in modern English with Wh. Thus, Quhen = when, etc.Quhilk (whilk), which,184.A.S.hwylc= Lat.qualisrather thanqui.Quhill, while,used as a noun,1229,1293.A.S.hwíl, a period of time.Quhill, until,24,198.SeeWhill.Quhy; the quhy = the why, the reason,123,1497.Qwhelis, wheels,736.A.S.hweol.Qwheyar, whether,1187.Quhois,Qwhois,whose,171,1297.Rachis, hounds,531.Su-G.racka, a bitch, which from the v.racka, to race, course. Perhaps connected withbrach.Radur, fear,1489, J.From Su-G.rædd, fearful; Dan.ræd.Raddour,2133,Radour,1835,3465,fear.Raid, rode,3070,3260, etc.Ralef, relieve,3364.Ramed, remedy,117.SeeRemed.Randoune, in,2542.The corresponding line (l. 739) suggests thatin Randoune=al about, i.e. in a circuit. But if we translate it by “in haste,” or “in great force,” we keep nearer to the true etymology. In Ogilvie’s Imperial Dictionary,s.v.Random, we find the Nor. Fr.randonnéeexplained to mean the “sweeping circuit made by a wounded and frightened animal;” but the true meaning ofrandonnéeis certainlyforce, impetuosity; see R., Cotgrave, etc. In Danish,randis a surrounding edge or margin; while in Dutch we findrondomround about.Raquer, require,2409.Raß, race, swift course,3088.A.S.rǽs. Compare Eng.mill-race, and D.ras.Recidens, delay,2359.R.residier, to defer.Recist, resist,566,660,2578.Recounterit, met (in a hostile manner), encountered,2958.Fr.rencontrer.Record, witness, testimony; hence value,388.R.record.Recorde, to speak of, mention;hard recorde, heard say,121,595.Recorde, speak out,454,481.See R.recorder.Recordith, is suitable, belongs,606.Recourse, to return,1798.Lat.recurrere.Red, to advise,1027,1198.A.S.rǽdan; Goth.rêdan.Relewit (relieved), lifted up again, rescued,2617.Fr.relever. J.Remede,89,Remed,718,remedy.Remuf, remove,655.Report, to narrate,266;to explain,294;to state,320.Reprefe, reproof, defeat,764.Reput, he reputed, i.e. thought, considered,743.Resauit, received,2796.Resawit, received, kept,2106.We should have expected to find “reseruit.”Resonite, resounded,66.Resydens,delay,670.SeeRecidens.Revare,275,Rewar,2893,Rewere,2812,river.Reweyll, proud, haughty,2853.R.revelé, fier, hautain, orgueilleux. Compare Lat.rebellare.Richwysneß, righteousness,1406.A.S.rihtwísnes.Rigne,94,1527,Ring,1468,Ringe,1325,a kingdom.Fr.régne. Ch.regne.Rignis, kingdoms,1858.Rignis, Rignith, reigneth,1825,782.Ringne, a kingdom,1952.Rout, a company, a band,812,2956,3403.Rowt,2600.Rowmyth, roometh, i.e. makes void, empties,3390.A.S.rúmian.Rown, run;past part.2488,2820.Rwn, run,2545.Rygnis, kingdoms,1904.Ryne, to run,113. See2952.Ryng, to reign,1409,2130.Sa, so,3322,3406.Dan.saa.Saade, said,698.Salust, saluted,546,919,1553,2749.Ch.salewe.Salosing, salutation,1309.Sar, sorely,1660.Sauch, saw,817,1219,1225.A.S.ic seáh, fromseón.Schawin, shewn,2387.Schent, disgraced, ruined,1880.A.S.scendan; Dan.skiænde.Schrewit, accursed,1945.Scilla, the name of a bird, also called Ciris,2483.——“plumis in avem mutata vocaturCiris, et a tonso est hoc nomen adepta capillo.”(Ovid, Met. viii.150.)Screwis, shrews, ill-natured persons,1053.More often used of males than females in old authors.Sedulis, letters,142.R.cedule.Sege, a seat,2258.Fr.siége.Semble, a warlike assembly, hostile gathering,988,2206.Semblit, assembled,845.G.sammeln; from Goth.sama,samana.Semblyng, encountering,2951.SeeAssemble.Sen, since,709,800, etc.Sen at, since that. In Piers Plowman we findsyn.Septure, sceptre,666.Sere, several, various,594,731,746.“Su-G.sær, adv. denoting separation.” J. Cf. Lat.se-.Sess, to cease,14, etc.Fr.cesser.Set, although.Sew, to follow up, seek,2326.R.suir; Fr.suivre.Sew, to follow up, go, proceed,3145.Sewyt,2614.Shauyth, shewith,412.Sice, such,2115.Scotch,sic.Snybbyth, snubs, checks,3387.Comp. D.sneb, a beak;snebbig, snappish.Sobing, sobbing, moaning,2658.Socht,Soght,sought to go; and hence, made his (or their) way, proceeded, went,2619,3179,3357,3428.Sought one, advanced upon, attacked,3149,3311.Sought to, made his way to,3130.A.S.sécan, past tenseic sóhte, to seek, approach, go towards.Sor, sorrow, anxiety,74.A.S.sorh; Goth.saúrga.Sort, lot, fate,26.Fr.sort.Sound, to be consonant with,149.See Gloss. to Tyrwhitt’s Chaucer.Lat.sonare.Soundith,1811. “So the puple soundith,” so the opinion of the people tends.“As fer assounethinto honestee.”(Chaucer:Monkes Prologue.)Soundith, tend,1943;tends,149.Sown, sound,1035.Fr.son.Sownis, sounds,772,3436.Spent, fastened, clasped,2809.A.S.spannan, to clasp, join. Comp. Dan.spænde, to stretch, span, buckle together.Spere,Spir,sphere,6,170;speris, spheres, circuits,24.Spere, to inquire,1170.A.S.spirian, to track. Cf. G.spur.Sperithis, spear’s,810.Spill, to destroy, ruin,1990.A.S.spillan.Spreit, spirit,81,364.Stak,226. J. gives “to the steeks,completely;” and this is the sense here.See Jamieson: s.v. “Steik.” Halliwell givesstake, to block up; alsosteck, a stopping place (cf. Shakespeare’ssticking-place, Macb. i. vii. l. 60). In the N. of France it is said of one killed or severely wounded,il a eu son estoque, he has had his belly-ful; fromestoquer, to cram, satiate, “stodge.”Compare Ital.stucco, cloyed. It has also been suggested thatto the stakmay mean to thestock, i.e. up to the hilt, very deeply.Start, started up, leapt,994,1094.Stede, stead, place,218,1124.A.S.stede.Steir, to stir,817.A.S.stirian.Stekith, shuts,1651.Ger.stecken. Burns hassteek.Stek, shut, concluded,316.Stell, steel,809.Stell commonly means a stall, or fixed place; but the formstellforsteeloccurs; e.g. “Brounstelle was heuy and also kene.”Arthur, l. 97.Sterapis,3056,Steropis,3132,stirrups.A.S.stí-raporstíge-ráp, fromstígan, to mount, andráp, rope.Stere, ruler, arbiter,1020;control, guidance,1974.Stere, to rule, control,1344,2884,A.S.stýran.Stere, to stir, move, go,3430.SeeSteir.Sterith, stirreth,2829.Sterf, to die,1028.A.S.steorfan.Sterit, governed,612.A.S.stýran.Stert, started,377.Stok, the stake to which a baited bear is chained,3386.Stour, conflict,1108,2607,3124.R.estour.Straucht, stretched out,3090.A.S.streccan, past part.gestreht.Strekith, stretcheth, i.e. exciteth to his full stride,3082.Subiet,1799,Subeitis,1828,Subiettis,1878,subject; subjects.Sudandly, Sodandly, suddenly,1009,1876.Suet, sweet,331.Suppris, (surprise), overwhelming power,691,860,2651;oppression,1352.Fr.surprendre, to catch unawares.Supprisit, overwhelmed,1237,1282;overpowered,2705,3208.Supprisit ded, suddenly killed,3125.Surryȝenis, surgeons,2726.Suth, sooth, true,110.A.S.sóð.Suthfastnes, truth,1183.A.S.sóðfæstnes.Sutly, soothly, truly,963.Swelf, a gulf such as is in the centre of a whirlpool, a vortex,1318, J.A.S.swelgan, to swallow up.Sweuen, a dream,440.A.S.swefn.Swth, sooth, true,2753.SeeSuth.Syne,2026,Synne,2029,sin.Syne, afterwards, next. J.45,794, etc.Syß, times,3054.A.S.sið.Tais,1095,3005,Taiis,1141.takes. Abbreviated, as “ma” is from “make.”SeeMa.Tane, taken,264.Ten, grief, vexation,2646,3237.A.S.teonan, to vex.Tennandis, tennants, vassals holding fiefs,1729.R.tenancier.Than, then,3111.The, (1) they, (2) thee, (3) thy.Thelke, that,709.Seel. 629, wherethe ilkoccurs; and seeIlk.Thir, these, those,2734,2745,2911,3110, etc.Thithingis, tidings,2279.A.S.tidan, to happen.Tho, then,545,2221;them,2368.Thoore, there,628. Thore,1102.Thrid, third,370,2347,2401.A.S.þridda.Throng, closely pressed, crowded,3366.A.S.þringan.Til, to; til have, to have,706.Tint, lost,1384.SeeTyne.Tithandis, tidings,2310.Tithingis, tidings,902,2336.To, too, besides,3045.Togidder, together,254.To-kerwith, carves or cuts to pieces; al to-kerwith, cuts all to pieces,868.A.S.to-ceorfian. The prefixto-is intensive, and forms a part of the verb. See Judges ix.53: “All to-brake his skull;” i.e. utterly brake; sometimes misprinted “all to break” (!).Ton, taken,1054,1071.Ton, one; the ton, the one,1822.The tone = A.S.þæt áne.To-schent, disfigured,1221.The intensive form of the A.S. verbscendan, to shame, destroy. In the same line we haveto-hurt, and in the next lineto-rent, words modelled on the same form. We find, e.g., in Spenser, the formsall to-rent,all to-brus’d. (See the note on the prefixTo-in the Glossary to William of Palerne.)Tothir, the other,2536.The tothir = A.S.þæt oþere, whereþætis the neuter gender of the definite article. Burns hasthe tither.Toyer (= tother), the other;ybeing written for the A.S.þ(th),2571,2584.Traist, to trust, to be confident,390,1129,1149, J.Trast,1659.Traisting of (trusting), reliance upon, or expectation of,25, J.Translat,508,Transulat,2204,to transfer, remove.Tratory, treachery,3224.See R.traïtor.Trety, treatise,145.Fr.traité.Trewis, truce,1568,2488,2545.Tronsione,239,Trunscyoune,2962,Trownsciown,2890,a truncheon, a stump of a spear.Fr.tronçon; from Lat.truncus.In the last passage it means a sceptre,bâton.
Quh-. Words beginning thus begin in modern English with Wh. Thus, Quhen = when, etc.
Quh-. Words beginning thus begin in modern English with Wh. Thus, Quhen = when, etc.
Quhilk (whilk), which,184.
A.S.hwylc= Lat.qualisrather thanqui.
Quhill, while,used as a noun,1229,1293.
A.S.hwíl, a period of time.
Quhill, until,24,198.
SeeWhill.
Quhy; the quhy = the why, the reason,123,1497.
Qwhelis, wheels,736.
A.S.hweol.
Qwheyar, whether,1187.
whose,171,1297.
Rachis, hounds,531.Su-G.racka, a bitch, which from the v.racka, to race, course. Perhaps connected withbrach.
Rachis, hounds,531.
Su-G.racka, a bitch, which from the v.racka, to race, course. Perhaps connected withbrach.
Radur, fear,1489, J.
From Su-G.rædd, fearful; Dan.ræd.
fear.
Raid, rode,3070,3260, etc.
Ralef, relieve,3364.
Ramed, remedy,117.
SeeRemed.
Randoune, in,2542.
The corresponding line (l. 739) suggests thatin Randoune=al about, i.e. in a circuit. But if we translate it by “in haste,” or “in great force,” we keep nearer to the true etymology. In Ogilvie’s Imperial Dictionary,s.v.Random, we find the Nor. Fr.randonnéeexplained to mean the “sweeping circuit made by a wounded and frightened animal;” but the true meaning ofrandonnéeis certainlyforce, impetuosity; see R., Cotgrave, etc. In Danish,randis a surrounding edge or margin; while in Dutch we findrondomround about.
Raquer, require,2409.
Raß, race, swift course,3088.
A.S.rǽs. Compare Eng.mill-race, and D.ras.
Recidens, delay,2359.
R.residier, to defer.
Recist, resist,566,660,2578.
Recounterit, met (in a hostile manner), encountered,2958.
Fr.rencontrer.
Record, witness, testimony; hence value,388.
R.record.
Recorde, to speak of, mention;
hard recorde, heard say,121,595.
Recorde, speak out,454,481.
See R.recorder.
Recordith, is suitable, belongs,606.
Recourse, to return,1798.
Lat.recurrere.
Red, to advise,1027,1198.
A.S.rǽdan; Goth.rêdan.
Relewit (relieved), lifted up again, rescued,2617.
Fr.relever. J.
remedy.
Remuf, remove,655.
Report, to narrate,266;to explain,294;to state,320.
Reprefe, reproof, defeat,764.
Reput, he reputed, i.e. thought, considered,743.
Resauit, received,2796.
Resawit, received, kept,2106.
We should have expected to find “reseruit.”
Resonite, resounded,66.
Resydens,delay,670.
SeeRecidens.
river.
Reweyll, proud, haughty,2853.
R.revelé, fier, hautain, orgueilleux. Compare Lat.rebellare.
Richwysneß, righteousness,1406.
A.S.rihtwísnes.
a kingdom.
Fr.régne. Ch.regne.
Rignis, kingdoms,1858.
Rignis, Rignith, reigneth,1825,782.
Ringne, a kingdom,1952.
Rout, a company, a band,812,2956,3403.
Rowt,2600.
Rowmyth, roometh, i.e. makes void, empties,3390.
A.S.rúmian.
Rown, run;past part.2488,2820.
Rwn, run,2545.
Rygnis, kingdoms,1904.
Ryne, to run,113. See2952.
Ryng, to reign,1409,2130.
Sa, so,3322,3406.
Dan.saa.
Saade, said,698.
Salust, saluted,546,919,1553,2749.
Ch.salewe.
Salosing, salutation,1309.
Sar, sorely,1660.
Sauch, saw,817,1219,1225.
A.S.ic seáh, fromseón.
Schawin, shewn,2387.
Schent, disgraced, ruined,1880.
A.S.scendan; Dan.skiænde.
Schrewit, accursed,1945.
Scilla, the name of a bird, also called Ciris,2483.
——“plumis in avem mutata vocaturCiris, et a tonso est hoc nomen adepta capillo.”(Ovid, Met. viii.150.)
——“plumis in avem mutata vocatur
Ciris, et a tonso est hoc nomen adepta capillo.”
(Ovid, Met. viii.150.)
Screwis, shrews, ill-natured persons,1053.
More often used of males than females in old authors.
Sedulis, letters,142.
R.cedule.
Sege, a seat,2258.
Fr.siége.
Semble, a warlike assembly, hostile gathering,988,2206.
Semblit, assembled,845.
G.sammeln; from Goth.sama,samana.
Semblyng, encountering,2951.
SeeAssemble.
Sen, since,709,800, etc.
Sen at, since that. In Piers Plowman we findsyn.
Septure, sceptre,666.
Sere, several, various,594,731,746.
“Su-G.sær, adv. denoting separation.” J. Cf. Lat.se-.
Sess, to cease,14, etc.
Fr.cesser.
Set, although.
Sew, to follow up, seek,2326.
R.suir; Fr.suivre.
Sew, to follow up, go, proceed,3145.
Sewyt,2614.
Shauyth, shewith,412.
Sice, such,2115.
Scotch,sic.
Snybbyth, snubs, checks,3387.
Comp. D.sneb, a beak;snebbig, snappish.
Sobing, sobbing, moaning,2658.
sought to go; and hence, made his (or their) way, proceeded, went,2619,3179,3357,3428.
Sought one, advanced upon, attacked,3149,3311.
Sought to, made his way to,3130.
A.S.sécan, past tenseic sóhte, to seek, approach, go towards.
Sor, sorrow, anxiety,74.
A.S.sorh; Goth.saúrga.
Sort, lot, fate,26.
Fr.sort.
Sound, to be consonant with,149.
See Gloss. to Tyrwhitt’s Chaucer.
Lat.sonare.
Soundith,1811. “So the puple soundith,” so the opinion of the people tends.
“As fer assounethinto honestee.”(Chaucer:Monkes Prologue.)
“As fer assounethinto honestee.”
(Chaucer:Monkes Prologue.)
Soundith, tend,1943;tends,149.
Sown, sound,1035.
Fr.son.
Sownis, sounds,772,3436.
Spent, fastened, clasped,2809.
A.S.spannan, to clasp, join. Comp. Dan.spænde, to stretch, span, buckle together.
sphere,6,170;
speris, spheres, circuits,24.
Spere, to inquire,1170.
A.S.spirian, to track. Cf. G.spur.
Sperithis, spear’s,810.
Spill, to destroy, ruin,1990.
A.S.spillan.
Spreit, spirit,81,364.
Stak,226. J. gives “to the steeks,completely;” and this is the sense here.
See Jamieson: s.v. “Steik.” Halliwell givesstake, to block up; alsosteck, a stopping place (cf. Shakespeare’ssticking-place, Macb. i. vii. l. 60). In the N. of France it is said of one killed or severely wounded,il a eu son estoque, he has had his belly-ful; fromestoquer, to cram, satiate, “stodge.”
Compare Ital.stucco, cloyed. It has also been suggested thatto the stakmay mean to thestock, i.e. up to the hilt, very deeply.
Start, started up, leapt,994,1094.
Stede, stead, place,218,1124.
A.S.stede.
Steir, to stir,817.
A.S.stirian.
Stekith, shuts,1651.
Ger.stecken. Burns hassteek.
Stek, shut, concluded,316.
Stell, steel,809.
Stell commonly means a stall, or fixed place; but the formstellforsteeloccurs; e.g. “Brounstelle was heuy and also kene.”Arthur, l. 97.
stirrups.
A.S.stí-raporstíge-ráp, fromstígan, to mount, andráp, rope.
Stere, ruler, arbiter,1020;control, guidance,1974.
Stere, to rule, control,1344,2884,
A.S.stýran.
Stere, to stir, move, go,3430.
SeeSteir.
Sterith, stirreth,2829.
Sterf, to die,1028.
A.S.steorfan.
Sterit, governed,612.
A.S.stýran.
Stert, started,377.
Stok, the stake to which a baited bear is chained,3386.
Stour, conflict,1108,2607,3124.
R.estour.
Straucht, stretched out,3090.
A.S.streccan, past part.gestreht.
Strekith, stretcheth, i.e. exciteth to his full stride,3082.
subject; subjects.
Sudandly, Sodandly, suddenly,1009,1876.
Suet, sweet,331.
Suppris, (surprise), overwhelming power,691,860,2651;oppression,1352.
Fr.surprendre, to catch unawares.
Supprisit, overwhelmed,1237,1282;overpowered,2705,3208.
Supprisit ded, suddenly killed,3125.
Surryȝenis, surgeons,2726.
Suth, sooth, true,110.
A.S.sóð.
Suthfastnes, truth,1183.
A.S.sóðfæstnes.
Sutly, soothly, truly,963.
Swelf, a gulf such as is in the centre of a whirlpool, a vortex,1318, J.
A.S.swelgan, to swallow up.
Sweuen, a dream,440.
A.S.swefn.
Swth, sooth, true,2753.
SeeSuth.
sin.
Syne, afterwards, next. J.45,794, etc.
Syß, times,3054.
A.S.sið.
takes. Abbreviated, as “ma” is from “make.”
SeeMa.
Tane, taken,264.
Ten, grief, vexation,2646,3237.
A.S.teonan, to vex.
Tennandis, tennants, vassals holding fiefs,1729.
R.tenancier.
Than, then,3111.
The, (1) they, (2) thee, (3) thy.
Thelke, that,709.
Seel. 629, wherethe ilkoccurs; and seeIlk.
Thir, these, those,2734,2745,2911,3110, etc.
Thithingis, tidings,2279.
A.S.tidan, to happen.
Tho, then,545,2221;them,2368.
Thoore, there,628. Thore,1102.
Thrid, third,370,2347,2401.
A.S.þridda.
Throng, closely pressed, crowded,3366.
A.S.þringan.
Til, to; til have, to have,706.
Tint, lost,1384.
SeeTyne.
Tithandis, tidings,2310.
Tithingis, tidings,902,2336.
To, too, besides,3045.
Togidder, together,254.
To-kerwith, carves or cuts to pieces; al to-kerwith, cuts all to pieces,868.
A.S.to-ceorfian. The prefixto-is intensive, and forms a part of the verb. See Judges ix.53: “All to-brake his skull;” i.e. utterly brake; sometimes misprinted “all to break” (!).
Ton, taken,1054,1071.
Ton, one; the ton, the one,1822.
The tone = A.S.þæt áne.
To-schent, disfigured,1221.
The intensive form of the A.S. verbscendan, to shame, destroy. In the same line we haveto-hurt, and in the next lineto-rent, words modelled on the same form. We find, e.g., in Spenser, the formsall to-rent,all to-brus’d. (See the note on the prefixTo-in the Glossary to William of Palerne.)
Tothir, the other,2536.
The tothir = A.S.þæt oþere, whereþætis the neuter gender of the definite article. Burns hasthe tither.
Toyer (= tother), the other;
ybeing written for the A.S.þ(th),2571,2584.
Traist, to trust, to be confident,390,1129,1149, J.
Trast,1659.
Traisting of (trusting), reliance upon, or expectation of,25, J.
to transfer, remove.
Tratory, treachery,3224.
See R.traïtor.
Trety, treatise,145.
Fr.traité.
Trewis, truce,1568,2488,2545.
a truncheon, a stump of a spear.
Fr.tronçon; from Lat.truncus.
In the last passage it means a sceptre,bâton.