GALILEO.
GALILEO.
A. D.PAGE(15th of February.) His Birth1564.1His Ancestors2His early Years3A Scholar of Arts at the University of Pisa1581.3Studies Medicine under Andrew Cæsalpinus3His Work on the Hydrostatical Balance4Guido Ubaldi engages him to investigate the Centre of Gravityof solid Bodies4Appointed Lecturer of Mathematics at the University of Pisa4Giordano Bruno burnt1600.4Galileo attacks by Argument and Experiment the AristotelianLaws of Gravity5Opposition of the Aristotelians to his Discoveries6A Method of clearing out the Harbour of Leghorn proposedby Don Giovanni de' Medici6Galileo opposes this Opinion; is persecuted in consequence6He obtains the Professorship of Mathematics at the Universityof Padua1592.6Account of his Conversion to the Copernican System1593.7He meets with an Accident9He completes his first Engagement at Padua9Is re-elected other six Years1598.9Accusation brought against him with respect to Marina Gamba10A new Star excites the Attention of Galileo1604.10Again re-elected to the Professorship of Padua1606.10His increasing Popularity10His Examination of the Properties of the Loadstone10Doctor Gilbert's Work, the "De Magnete," published1500.11His Death1603.11Cosmo proposes to Galileo to return to Pisa11The Arrangements suggested by Galileo, and the Manner ofurging them12Dutch Telescopes13Galileo constructs his first Telescope13Interest which the Telescope excited in Venice14The Art of cleaning and polishing Lenses very imperfect15Results of the Observations of Galileo on the Moon16His Examination of the fixed Stars16The Satellites of Jupiter discovered by Galileo1610.18Galileo's Work, the "Sidereal Messenger," published18Reception which these Discoveries met with from Kepler19Horky; his Work against the Discoveries of Galileo20Simon Mayer21Discovery of new Satellites21First Enigma of Galileo published23His Observations on Saturn and Venus23His Reception at Rome; he erects his Telescope in the QuirinalGarden1611.24(March.) He discovers the Solar Spots24Thomas Harriot discovers the Solar Spots (in December)1610.25Professor Scheiner; his Letters on the Subject of the SolarSpots26These Letters answered by Galileo26Faculæ or Luculi discovered on the Sun's Disc, by Galileo26His Observations on Saturn27The Subject of floating Bridges discussed28Galileo "On Floating Bodies"28His Letter to the Abbé Castelli1613.31Caccini attacks Galileo from the Pulpit31Luigi Maraffi apologises to Galileo for this Conduct31Galileo, his Letter to the Grand Duchess Christian31(26th of February.) Galileo appears before the Inquisition1615.31He renounces his Opinions33The Copernican System condemned by the Inquisition34Interview of Galileo with Pope Paul V.1616.34Letter of Querenghi to the Cardinal D'Este34Negotiations of Galileo with Spain35Three Comets appear1618.36Discourse on Comets by Marco Guiducci1619.36"The Astronomical and Philosophical Balance"37Galileo, his Work "Il Saggiatore"1623.37Accession of Cardinal Barberini to the papal Throne37Galileo, his Visit to Pope Urban VIII.1624.38His Reception38Death of Cosmo1629.39Pecuniary Difficulties of Galileo39Work of Galileo demonstrating the Copernican System1630.41"The System of the World of Galileo Galilei"1632.42Influence of this Work on the public Mind43Galileo summoned to appear before the Inquisition44(14th of February.) He arrives at Rome1633.45Is visited by Cardinal Barberini; his Kindness to him46Trial of Galileo47(22d of June.) His Sentence48His Abjuration49What Excuse is there for his Humiliation and Abjuration?50Imprisonment of Galileo52He leaves Rome52He returns to Arcetri52Death of his Daughter53His Indisposition and Melancholy53He obtains Permission of the Pope to return to Florence1638.53Continued Kindness of the Grand Duke of Tuscany for him54His "Dialogues on Local Motion"54Discovery of the Moon's Libration55Blindness of Galileo1637.56He is visited by a Number of Strangers58(8th of January.) His Death1642.58His Epitaph and Monument95His House60His domestic Character60His Person60His scientific Character61
A. D.
PAGE
(15th of February.) His Birth
1564.
1
His Ancestors
2
His early Years
3
A Scholar of Arts at the University of Pisa
1581.
3
Studies Medicine under Andrew Cæsalpinus
3
His Work on the Hydrostatical Balance
4
Guido Ubaldi engages him to investigate the Centre of Gravityof solid Bodies
4
Appointed Lecturer of Mathematics at the University of Pisa
4
Giordano Bruno burnt
1600.
4
Galileo attacks by Argument and Experiment the AristotelianLaws of Gravity
5
Opposition of the Aristotelians to his Discoveries
6
A Method of clearing out the Harbour of Leghorn proposedby Don Giovanni de' Medici
6
Galileo opposes this Opinion; is persecuted in consequence
6
He obtains the Professorship of Mathematics at the Universityof Padua
1592.
6
Account of his Conversion to the Copernican System
1593.
7
He meets with an Accident
9
He completes his first Engagement at Padua
9
Is re-elected other six Years
1598.
9
Accusation brought against him with respect to Marina Gamba
10
A new Star excites the Attention of Galileo
1604.
10
Again re-elected to the Professorship of Padua
1606.
10
His increasing Popularity
10
His Examination of the Properties of the Loadstone
10
Doctor Gilbert's Work, the "De Magnete," published
1500.
11
His Death
1603.
11
Cosmo proposes to Galileo to return to Pisa
11
The Arrangements suggested by Galileo, and the Manner ofurging them
12
Dutch Telescopes
13
Galileo constructs his first Telescope
13
Interest which the Telescope excited in Venice
14
The Art of cleaning and polishing Lenses very imperfect
15
Results of the Observations of Galileo on the Moon
16
His Examination of the fixed Stars
16
The Satellites of Jupiter discovered by Galileo
1610.
18
Galileo's Work, the "Sidereal Messenger," published
18
Reception which these Discoveries met with from Kepler
19
Horky; his Work against the Discoveries of Galileo
20
Simon Mayer
21
Discovery of new Satellites
21
First Enigma of Galileo published
23
His Observations on Saturn and Venus
23
His Reception at Rome; he erects his Telescope in the QuirinalGarden
1611.
24
(March.) He discovers the Solar Spots
24
Thomas Harriot discovers the Solar Spots (in December)
1610.
25
Professor Scheiner; his Letters on the Subject of the SolarSpots
26
These Letters answered by Galileo
26
Faculæ or Luculi discovered on the Sun's Disc, by Galileo
26
His Observations on Saturn
27
The Subject of floating Bridges discussed
28
Galileo "On Floating Bodies"
28
His Letter to the Abbé Castelli
1613.
31
Caccini attacks Galileo from the Pulpit
31
Luigi Maraffi apologises to Galileo for this Conduct
31
Galileo, his Letter to the Grand Duchess Christian
31
(26th of February.) Galileo appears before the Inquisition
1615.
31
He renounces his Opinions
33
The Copernican System condemned by the Inquisition
34
Interview of Galileo with Pope Paul V.
1616.
34
Letter of Querenghi to the Cardinal D'Este
34
Negotiations of Galileo with Spain
35
Three Comets appear
1618.
36
Discourse on Comets by Marco Guiducci
1619.
36
"The Astronomical and Philosophical Balance"
37
Galileo, his Work "Il Saggiatore"
1623.
37
Accession of Cardinal Barberini to the papal Throne
37
Galileo, his Visit to Pope Urban VIII.
1624.
38
His Reception
38
Death of Cosmo
1629.
39
Pecuniary Difficulties of Galileo
39
Work of Galileo demonstrating the Copernican System
1630.
41
"The System of the World of Galileo Galilei"
1632.
42
Influence of this Work on the public Mind
43
Galileo summoned to appear before the Inquisition
44
(14th of February.) He arrives at Rome
1633.
45
Is visited by Cardinal Barberini; his Kindness to him
46
Trial of Galileo
47
(22d of June.) His Sentence
48
His Abjuration
49
What Excuse is there for his Humiliation and Abjuration?
50
Imprisonment of Galileo
52
He leaves Rome
52
He returns to Arcetri
52
Death of his Daughter
53
His Indisposition and Melancholy
53
He obtains Permission of the Pope to return to Florence
1638.
53
Continued Kindness of the Grand Duke of Tuscany for him
54
His "Dialogues on Local Motion"
54
Discovery of the Moon's Libration
55
Blindness of Galileo
1637.
56
He is visited by a Number of Strangers
58
(8th of January.) His Death
1642.
58
His Epitaph and Monument
95
His House
60
His domestic Character
60
His Person
60
His scientific Character
61
GUICCIARDINI.
GUICCIARDINI.
(6th of March.) His Birth1482.63His Parentage63His Education64He obtains the Degree of Doctor of Laws64His Marriage64Sent as Ambassador, by the Republic, to Ferdinand KingAragon65He returns home65Leo X. visits Florence65Guicciardini sent to receive him at Cortona65He makes him Governor of Reggio and Modena66Death of Leo66Guicciardini, his memorable Defence of Parma66Made President of Romagna67His Administration67Made Lieutenant-general of the Pontifical Army67The Power of the Medici becomes odious in Florence67Dangers to which Clement VII. is exposed67The Palace of Government seized by the younger Nobility67Federigo da Bozzole sent to treat for it68Guicciardini, his Zeal in the Cause of the Medici69Reconciliation between Charles V. and Pope Clement VII.69Their united Arms turned against Florence69Second Restoration of the Medici70Overthrow of the Liberties of Florence70The Office of Gonfaloniere established70Alessandro de' Medici named Duke70His disgraceful Birth70His Vices71Guicciardini resigns the Government of Romagna71Murder of the Duke Alexander by Lorenzino de' Medici72Cosmo raised to the supreme Power72Guicciardini retires to his Country Seat at Montici72(27th of May.) His Death1540.74
(6th of March.) His Birth
1482.
63
His Parentage
63
His Education
64
He obtains the Degree of Doctor of Laws
64
His Marriage
64
Sent as Ambassador, by the Republic, to Ferdinand KingAragon
65
He returns home
65
Leo X. visits Florence
65
Guicciardini sent to receive him at Cortona
65
He makes him Governor of Reggio and Modena
66
Death of Leo
66
Guicciardini, his memorable Defence of Parma
66
Made President of Romagna
67
His Administration
67
Made Lieutenant-general of the Pontifical Army
67
The Power of the Medici becomes odious in Florence
67
Dangers to which Clement VII. is exposed
67
The Palace of Government seized by the younger Nobility
67
Federigo da Bozzole sent to treat for it
68
Guicciardini, his Zeal in the Cause of the Medici
69
Reconciliation between Charles V. and Pope Clement VII.
69
Their united Arms turned against Florence
69
Second Restoration of the Medici
70
Overthrow of the Liberties of Florence
70
The Office of Gonfaloniere established
70
Alessandro de' Medici named Duke
70
His disgraceful Birth
70
His Vices
71
Guicciardini resigns the Government of Romagna
71
Murder of the Duke Alexander by Lorenzino de' Medici
72
Cosmo raised to the supreme Power
72
Guicciardini retires to his Country Seat at Montici
72
(27th of May.) His Death
1540.
74
VITTORIA COLONNA.
VITTORIA COLONNA.
Women who aspired to literary Fame in Italy75Cassandra Fedele born; Politian's Letter to her1465.76Vittoria Colonna, her Parentage1490.77Her Marriage with the Marquess of Pescara77Pescara made General of the Army at Ravenna77His Testimony of Affection to his Wife77Her Answer78Death of Pescara78Vittoria Colonna, her Grief in consequence79Her Poetry80Her Friendship for Cardinal Pole and Michael Angelo81Her Death1547.81
Women who aspired to literary Fame in Italy
75
Cassandra Fedele born; Politian's Letter to her
1465.
76
Vittoria Colonna, her Parentage
1490.
77
Her Marriage with the Marquess of Pescara
77
Pescara made General of the Army at Ravenna
77
His Testimony of Affection to his Wife
77
Her Answer
78
Death of Pescara
78
Vittoria Colonna, her Grief in consequence
79
Her Poetry
80
Her Friendship for Cardinal Pole and Michael Angelo
81
Her Death
1547.
81
GUARINI.
GUARINI.
His Birth1537.82Little known of his early Life82His Marriage82His Embassy to Venice to congratulate the new Doge, PietroLoredano1565.83His Embassy to Rome to pay Homage to Gregory XIII.1571.83His Mission to Poland to congratulate Henry of Valois on hisAccession1573.83On his Return made Chancellor and Secretary of State83His second Visit to Poland83(25th of November). His Letter to his Wife during his Journey1575.83His "Pastor Fido"87His Quarrel with Tasso87He requests his Dismissal from the Duke; he retires to hisVilla1582.88His "Pastor Fido" acted at Turin1585.91Guarini returns to his Post at Court; is made Secretary of State1586.92His Missions to Umbria and Milan92His Quarrel with his Son92He leaves the Court of Alfonso and goes to that of Savoy1590.93He leaves Savoy, and goes to Padua93He loses his Wife1591.93His Letter to Cardinal Gonzaga93His Visit to Urbino94He retires to Ferrara, deputed by the Citizens to congratulatePaul Usur95Nuptials of Gonzaga and Marguerite of Savoy1608.95(7th of October.) His Death1612.95
His Birth
1537.
82
Little known of his early Life
82
His Marriage
82
His Embassy to Venice to congratulate the new Doge, PietroLoredano
1565.
83
His Embassy to Rome to pay Homage to Gregory XIII.
1571.
83
His Mission to Poland to congratulate Henry of Valois on hisAccession
1573.
83
On his Return made Chancellor and Secretary of State
83
His second Visit to Poland
83
(25th of November). His Letter to his Wife during his Journey
1575.
83
His "Pastor Fido"
87
His Quarrel with Tasso
87
He requests his Dismissal from the Duke; he retires to hisVilla
1582.
88
His "Pastor Fido" acted at Turin
1585.
91
Guarini returns to his Post at Court; is made Secretary of State
1586.
92
His Missions to Umbria and Milan
92
His Quarrel with his Son
92
He leaves the Court of Alfonso and goes to that of Savoy
1590.
93
He leaves Savoy, and goes to Padua
93
He loses his Wife
1591.
93
His Letter to Cardinal Gonzaga
93
His Visit to Urbino
94
He retires to Ferrara, deputed by the Citizens to congratulatePaul Usur
95
Nuptials of Gonzaga and Marguerite of Savoy
1608.
95
(7th of October.) His Death
1612.
95
TORQUATO TASSO, SON OF BERNARDO TASSO.
TORQUATO TASSO, SON OF BERNARDO TASSO.
Their Ancestors98Bernardo Tasso appointed Secretary of State to FerranteSanseverino, Prince of Salerno1493.99His Marriage with Portia Rossi100(11th of March.) Torquato Tasso, his Birth1544.101Bernardo Tasso joins his Patron in the War102Infancy of Torquato103Return of Bernardo from the War103The Prince of Salerno and his Adherents declared Rebels1552.104Bernardo, his Exile104Torquato Tasso, his Separation from his Mother; Lines writtenby him on this Occasion105He and Cowper compared107Death of his Mother1556.108Torquato Tasso at Rome with his Father108Is implicated in his reputed Treason109His Letter to Vittoria Colonna on the Marriage of his SisterCornelia110Letter of Bernardo to his Daughter110Bernardo flies to Ravenna111He is invited to Pesaro111Vicissitudes of Bernardo Tasso112Torquato Tasso, his Studies114Boileau115"Joan of Arc"117"Curiosities of Literature"118Torquato translates his Father's Poems and Letters118"Amadigi"119Torquato Tasso studies Jurisprudence at Padua122His "Rinaldo"122Epic Poetry125"Gerusalemme Liberata"126Torquato leaves the Study of the Law, and repairs to Bologna127He returns to Padua and establishes the Degli Eterei128His "Discourses on Heroic Poetry"130He visits his Father at Mantua1564.130His Illness131Bernardo Tasso, his Death1569.131Torquato Tasso appointed one of the personal AttendantsCardinal D'Este131Zoilus131Torquato Tasso at Ferrara, in the Service of Cardinal Luigi1565.132Marriage of Alfonso Duke of Ferrara132Death of Pope Pius IV.133Torquato becomes acquainted with Lucretia and LeonoraEste133A quotation from his "Aminta"134Marriage of the Princess Anna of Este with the DukeGuise1568.136Marriage of Lucretia D'Este with the Prince of Urbino136Torquato Tasso accompanies the Cardinal Luigi, as Legate,the Court of France138Two or three Anecdotes related of him139Arrival of Tasso at Rome1572.140His Reception by Pope Pius V.140Admitted into the Service of the Duke Alfonso140His "Aminta"141His "Torindo" and "Torrismondo"143His Illness144His Escape to Rome, with the Duke Alfonso's Consent146He returns to Ferrara146An Incident occurs to him which establishes him a Hero147His Malady148Is confined as a Lunatic by the Duke Alfonso148Efforts of the Duke to calm his Mind149His Love for the Princess Leonora149He visits his Sister150Committed as a Lunatic to St Anne's Hospital1579.152His Letter to Scipio Gonzaga152Death of the Princess Leonora1581.156Its Effect on Tasso156Liberation of Tasso1586.157His Controversy with the Della Cruscan Academy158His last Work, "Sette Giornate"158He recovers his Mother's Dowry158The Pope grants him a Pension158Manso, his Account of his Interview with Tasso duringTime he supposed he was visited by a Spirit159(25th of April.) Death of Tasso1594.161His Works161
Their Ancestors
98
Bernardo Tasso appointed Secretary of State to FerranteSanseverino, Prince of Salerno
1493.
99
His Marriage with Portia Rossi
100
(11th of March.) Torquato Tasso, his Birth
1544.
101
Bernardo Tasso joins his Patron in the War
102
Infancy of Torquato
103
Return of Bernardo from the War
103
The Prince of Salerno and his Adherents declared Rebels
1552.
104
Bernardo, his Exile
104
Torquato Tasso, his Separation from his Mother; Lines writtenby him on this Occasion
105
He and Cowper compared
107
Death of his Mother
1556.
108
Torquato Tasso at Rome with his Father
108
Is implicated in his reputed Treason
109
His Letter to Vittoria Colonna on the Marriage of his SisterCornelia
110
Letter of Bernardo to his Daughter
110
Bernardo flies to Ravenna
111
He is invited to Pesaro
111
Vicissitudes of Bernardo Tasso
112
Torquato Tasso, his Studies
114
Boileau
115
"Joan of Arc"
117
"Curiosities of Literature"
118
Torquato translates his Father's Poems and Letters
118
"Amadigi"
119
Torquato Tasso studies Jurisprudence at Padua
122
His "Rinaldo"
122
Epic Poetry
125
"Gerusalemme Liberata"
126
Torquato leaves the Study of the Law, and repairs to Bologna
127
He returns to Padua and establishes the Degli Eterei
128
His "Discourses on Heroic Poetry"
130
He visits his Father at Mantua
1564.
130
His Illness
131
Bernardo Tasso, his Death
1569.
131
Torquato Tasso appointed one of the personal AttendantsCardinal D'Este
131
Zoilus
131
Torquato Tasso at Ferrara, in the Service of Cardinal Luigi
1565.
132
Marriage of Alfonso Duke of Ferrara
132
Death of Pope Pius IV.
133
Torquato becomes acquainted with Lucretia and LeonoraEste
133
A quotation from his "Aminta"
134
Marriage of the Princess Anna of Este with the DukeGuise
1568.
136
Marriage of Lucretia D'Este with the Prince of Urbino
136
Torquato Tasso accompanies the Cardinal Luigi, as Legate,the Court of France
138
Two or three Anecdotes related of him
139
Arrival of Tasso at Rome
1572.
140
His Reception by Pope Pius V.
140
Admitted into the Service of the Duke Alfonso
140
His "Aminta"
141
His "Torindo" and "Torrismondo"
143
His Illness
144
His Escape to Rome, with the Duke Alfonso's Consent
146
He returns to Ferrara
146
An Incident occurs to him which establishes him a Hero
147
His Malady
148
Is confined as a Lunatic by the Duke Alfonso
148
Efforts of the Duke to calm his Mind
149
His Love for the Princess Leonora
149
He visits his Sister
150
Committed as a Lunatic to St Anne's Hospital
1579.
152
His Letter to Scipio Gonzaga
152
Death of the Princess Leonora
1581.
156
Its Effect on Tasso
156
Liberation of Tasso
1586.
157
His Controversy with the Della Cruscan Academy
158
His last Work, "Sette Giornate"
158
He recovers his Mother's Dowry
158
The Pope grants him a Pension
158
Manso, his Account of his Interview with Tasso duringTime he supposed he was visited by a Spirit
159
(25th of April.) Death of Tasso
1594.
161
His Works
161