glacial gravels of,262et seq.Frankley Hill, England,150.Franklin, Pa.,230,232.Franz-Josef Land,14.Frederickshaab Glacier,91,212.Frere, cited,266.Frickthal,133.Frondeg, Wales,149,178.Gabb, cited,318.Galloway, ancient glaciers of,144,145,154,157,167,168,173.Garda, Lake, moraine in front of,135.Garonne, the,136,188.Gaudry, cited,263.Geikie, Archibald, cited,272,312.Geikie, James, on kames,76;on loess,187,188;cited,291et seq.,307,353.Genesee River,220.Geological time,361et seq.Georgian Bay,339.German Ocean,129.Germantown, Ohio,107,108.Germany, North, moraine in,181,183;glacial lakes in,238;Quaternary animals in,279.Gietroz Glacier,211.Gilbert, cited,233et seq.,350et seq.;on age of Niagara gorge,339.Glacial dispersion. (See Centres of Glacial Dispersion.)Glacial boundary in New England,67;in New Jersey,83;in Pennsylvania,84et seq.;in New York,84;in Ohio,95,100,106;in Kentucky,96;in Indiana,96;in Illinois,96,100;in Kansas, Nebraska, Missouri, Montana, South Dakota,96;in Minnesota,101;in British Isles,137,148,150,151,155,167;in Holland,181; in Germany,181,183;in Russia,181,189.Glacial erosion,118,119,182.Glacial ice, depth of, in Pennsylvania,90et seq.;in Connecticut,91;in New York,91;in Greenland,91;in the Alps,91,131,133,182;in Germany,182;in Norway,182;amount of,330.Glacial lakes in Germany,283.Glacial motion, limit of,2;chapter on,43-50;plastic theory of,48.Glacial outlets of the Great Lakes,220-222.Glacial periods, cause of,113;chapter on,302-331;date of, chapter on,332-364.Glacial periods, supposed succession of,106et seq.,311,324-326,332;criticisms of the theory,116et seq.Glacial striæ. (See Rock-Scoring.)Glacial terraces,229-238;in Pennsylvania,87et seq.,215,217,229,230;in New York,88; at Beech Flats, Ohio,217;at Granville, Ohio,227;on the Minnesota River,228;around Great Salt Lake,233et seq.;on Delaware River,243et seq.;in Europe,238-241;in Ohio,249et seq.;human relics in,241-267;on Delaware River,245;of the Mississippi River,254;in France,263et seq.,360;in England,264et seq.;in Belgium,264;in Spain,264;in Portugal,264;in Italy,264;in Greece,264.Glacial theory, crucial tests of,62,65,257,302et seq.Glaciation, signs of past, chapter on,51et seq.Glacier Bay,24;map of,25.Glacier, denned,2;formation of,3;characterised by veins and fissures,3;advance and retreat of,116;velocity of, in the Alps,43et seq.;in Greenland,36,46-48;in Alaska,47.Glaciers, ancient, in North America,66-128;in Central and Northern Europe,58-60,131-136;in the British Isles,136-181;in Northern Europe,181-190;in Australia,126,192;in Asia,190,191;in Africa. 191,192.Glaciers, existing, in the Alps,9et seq.,43et seq.;in Scandinavia,12;in Spitzbergen, Nova Zembla, and Franz-Josef Land,12;in Iceland,14;in Asia,14et seq.;in Oceanica,16;in South America,17;in Antarctic Continent,18et seq.;in North America,20et seq.;in Greenland,32et seq.,46,48,364.Glen Roy, parallel roads of,239.Glutton,293.Goat,268.Goffstown, N. H.,73.Grafton, W. Va.,214.Grand Haven, Mich.,346.Granville, Ohio, terrace at,227,343.Grape Creek, Col., view of moraines of,123.Great Bend, Pa., depth of river-channel at,206.Great Lakes, depth of,115; formation of,199et seq.;glacial outlets of,220-222;elevation about,224.Great Salt Lake, Utah,233et seq.,350.Greece, human relics in glacial terraces of,264.Greenland, existing glaciers of,1,32et seq.,46,48,364;map of,33;climate of,302.Gross Glockner,9,134.Ground ice,357.Gulf of Mexico,313,318.Gulf Stream,13,311,313,317et seq.Guyot,9,58,133.Haas,16.Hall, on the age of Niagara,336.Hare,289.Harrison, quoted,167.Harte, Bret, cited,296.Hartz Mountains,136,181.Hayes,36.Haynes on Tertiary Man,365-374.Heald Moor, England,147.Hebrides, the,136.Heim,9.Helland,14,46-48.Hennepin, cited,340.Heme Bay, England,265.Herschel, cited,310.Hertfordshire, England,158.Hicks, Dr. II., cited,272.Hicks, L. E., cited,343.Himalayas,1,45,292,330;age of,328.Hingham, Mass., section of kame near,79.Hippopotamus,263,265,271,280,284,285,290,292.Hitchcock, C. II., discovery of boulders on Mount Washington,60;on drumlins,73;cited,309,313.Hitchcock, E., on kames,77.Holland, terminal moraine in,181.Holderness,157.Hooker, cited,191.Horse,188,263,268-270,272,278,280,288,289.Horseheads, N. Y.,220.Horseshoe Fall,337et seq.Hottentot skull,276.Hoxney, England,266.Hudson River, preglacial channel of,194et seq.Hugi,9,43.Hungary, Quaternary animals in,279.Huxley, cited,276,278.Hyena,271,272,282,291,292.Ibex,289.Icebergs,18,20;formation of,28.Ice, characteristics of,2,48et seq.,302et seq.;transporting power of moving,5.Ice-dams,211-228;in the Alps,211;in the Himalayas,211;in Greenland,212;in Alaska,212;at Cincinnati,213et seq.;across the Mohawk,92,220,334,335;in the Red River of the North,225;in Europe,360.Iceland, existing glaciers of,1,14.Ice-pillars,6,27.Ice-sheet, retreat of,333et seq.Idaho,122; lava-beds of,297.Illicilliwaet Glacier,23.Illinois,96-98,100,119,121,345et seq.Indiana,96,98,107,119,121.Indian Ridge,80.Iowa,98,101.Ireland, ancient glaciers of,143.Irish elk,270,278,288.Irish Sea Glacier,137,145-153,164,271.Irthing, valley of the,153.Isère, glaciers of the,132.Isle of Man,164-167.Isle of Wight,266.Italy, existing glaciers of,9;ancient glaciers of,185;human relics in glacial terraces of,264;supposed Tertiary man in,366.Ivrea,134.Jackson, cited,357.Jackson’s Lake,123.Jakobshavn Glacier, velocity of,46,47;depth of,91;ice-dams of,212.James, cited,204.James River, Dak.,228.James River, Va.,257.Jamieson, cited,330.Jensen,91.Judge’s Cave,72.Jura Mountains, ancient glaciers of,58-60,132.Kames, formation of,7,76,77;of Muir Glacier,29,30;in Massachusetts,77et seq.;in New Hampshire,80;map of, in Maine,81;in Pennsylvania,87.Kanawha River,216.Kane,36-38.Kansas,96.Kelly’s Island, view of grooves on,103,105.Kendall, chapter by,137-181;cited,273.Kent, England,265.Kent’s Hole,267et seq.,352et seq.Kentucky,63,96,97,212;view of boulder in,63.Kentucky River,214.Kettle-holes, formation of,7,68;of Muir Glacier,29,30;in New England,66et seq.,344,345;in Pennsylvania,86;sedimentation of,333,344et seq.Kettle-moraine in Wisconsin,100.King,21,351;implement discovered by,297.Knox County, Ohio,232.Kurtz, Nam pa image discovered by,297.Lake Agassiz,126,223,225;continuance of,347et seq.Lake Bonneville,233et seq.,299,350et seq.Lake Constance,60,133.Lake Erie, origin of,200et seq.;ridges around,222;preglacial outlet of,200,333.Lake Geneva during the Glacial period,131,132.Lake Huron, preglacial outlet of,202;ridges around,224.Lake Itasca,254.Lake Lahontan,233,234.Lake Michigan, age of,345et seq.Lake Nipissing,339.Lake Ontario, origin of,201et seq.Lake Traverse,208,226.Lake District, England, the,144.Lake dwellings in Switzerland,281.Lake ridges,222et seq.Lakes, sedimentation of,333,344et seq.Lamplugh, glacial observations of,140,196.Lancashire,153,178,180.Lancaster, Ohio,232.Lang, cited,116.Lark, England, valley of the,266.Lateral moraines,5.Laurentide Glacier,113et seq.,121,321.Lava on the Pacific coast of North America,294,298,300,306,321.Lawrence, Mass.,80.Lawrenceburg, Ind.,231,232.Le Conte, cited,286,322et seq.,330,372.Leicestershire, England,158.Lehigh River,243.Lemming,289.Lenticular hills,73.Leopard,282.Lesley, cited,215.Lesse, Belgium, valley of the,279.Leverett, cited,101,218.Lewis, on transported boulders,57,61;work of, in Pennsylvania,84,119;in Great Britain,137;cited,254et seq.,273.Lickey Hills,151.Licking River,214.Liége, Belgium,274.Lincolnshire, England,158.Lindenkohl on old channel of the Hudson,195et seq.Lion,282,293.Little Beaver Creek,231,232.Little Falls, Minn.,225,232,252,254.Little Falls, N. Y., buried channel near,202.Livingston, Mont.,122.Llangollen, vale of,151.Loess in the Mississippi Valley,98,119,120;in Europe,186et seq.Lohest, cited,275et seq.Lombardy,134.London,158,159,178;glacial terrace in,264.Long Island,66,67.Louisville, Ky., buried channel near,205.Loveland, Ohio,232,250.Lubbock, cited,267.Lucerne,133.Lyell, on Richmond train of boulders,70;cited,239,263,267,274,276,285,355,361;on the age of Niagara,336.Lyons,132.Maack, cited,318.Macclesfield, England,273.MacEnery, cited,267.Machairodus,270,282.Mackintosh, quoted,149,150,173.Mâcon, France,369.McTarnahan, mortar discovered by,297.Madison boulder,71.Madisonville, Ohio,232,250,254.Magdalena Bay,13.Mahoning River,220.Maine,80; re-elevation of,331.Malaspina Glacier, map of,31.Mammoth,