Absalom, Tomb of,234.Abu Habbah,2,12,42.Abu Shahrein,2,3,10,18,73,76.Achæmenid dynasty,Palaces of,56,118, 147 ff.jewellery,337.Addume,294.“Æginetan smile,”273.Afaj,36.Agade,47,308,319,320.Ahasuerus,139.Ahura-mazda,165,166,172,179.Ain el-Hayât,240.Alabaster,—thresholds of,17.statuette of,42.uses of, in Assyrian architecture,85.Phœnician mortuary vases of,259.vases,307,335.beads,336.horns,336.Ala-Safat,230.Alexander the Great,312.Altar of burnt-offerings, the,221.bronze,327.Amanus,60.Amathus,—vase of,31,77.tombs at,260.colossus of,271,272.iconic statues from,274.sarcophagus from,291.patera from,291.Amethyst,142.Ampulla, sacred, on cylinder,47.Amrith,239,248,253,264,277.Amulets,17,21,44,51,259.Animals,—figures of, on Chaldæan tiles,19.representation of, in Assyrian sculpture,107,108,109.Annipi,294.Antiphellus,177.Antonia, Tower of,210,211,212,218,232.Anunit, the goddess,2.Anzan,302.Anzanite inscription,304,307,319.on gold sheets,336.“Apadâna” of Persian palaces,154,157,168,301.Aperlæ,177.Apes, in Assyrian sculpture,109.Appian, on harbours of Carthage,250.Aradus,247.Arak et Emir,232.Araunah,205,208,215.Arbela (see Arvil).Arch, use of, by Assyrians,55.of Titus,226.Archers, frieze of, at Susa,169,170.Architraves,77,152.Archivolt, at Khorsabad,116.Aristophanes,41.Aristotle, on Babylon,79.Ark, Jewish,224,225.Armenia,76.Arrangement of rooms in Chaldæan palaces,16.Arrian, on tomb of Cyrus,177.Artaxerxes Mnemon,168,183.Artaxerxes Ochus,152.Arvil,51.Asmonæan kings of Judæa,218.Asrinilu,46.Assurbanipal,60,72,92,310.campaign of, against his brother,80.as canephoros,89.with his wife,101,102.progress of sculpture in time of,113.furniture of,135.Assur-nasir-pal,60,61,72,91,92,138,139.statue of,86.progress of art under,112.Astarte,241,243,245,260,264,279.“Atesh-gahs,”173,174.Athieno,242,270,271.Attitude of prayer (seeGestures).Baal-Hammon,245,246,263,267,268,269.Baal-Samaim,245.Babel, Tower of,4.Babil, mound of,16,52,73.Babylon,1,60,118.walls of,5,79,80,81.modelling in clay at,39,123.buildings at,52.temple of Bel at,73.extent of,79.Bagdad,15.Bahr-el-Huleh,230.Balaneum (see Banias).Balawat,51.gates of,126,127.Banias,246.“Baphomet,”202.Baris, Tower of (seeAntonia).Basalt stela,34.Base of columns,11,12,43,64,65.Basement (seePlatform).Basilica of Herod,219.Basin, movable, in Jewish Temple,229.Basins before temples,31,77.Basket, mystical,36,37,89.Bas-reliefs,—Chaldæan,23-6,324.Assyrian,54,91-3,311.Persian,159-66.Hittite,187-91,193-202.Phœnician,262-4.Carthaginian,266-9.Cypriote,274-6.Elamite, bronze,327.Battlements,—of platform at Khorsabad,53.of walls of Assyrian towns,81,82,110.of platform at Persepolis,152.Bavian,187.Beads,336.Bel, the god—temple of, at Babylon,7,73,74,76,77,78,119,125.Bel and the Dragon, Book of,77.Belisarius,227.Belshazzar,114.Belus, the river,283,287.Berosus,2,119.Berytus,247.Bes, the god,259,264,271,272.Birds, treatment of, in Chaldæan art,25.in Assyrian art,109.offered to the gods,331,332.Birejik, stela from,187.Birket-Israîl,208.Birs Nimroud, Mound of,6,16,52,73.Bit-kutalli,70.Bitumen, use of, as mortar,5,6,8,17,20,314.Boar on Babylonian tablet,128.Boaz, the column so-called,227.Boghaz-Keui,191.Borsippa,78.Botta, E.,66,142.Boulé, M.,246.Bracelets, Assyrian,142,143.Elamite,335.Achæmenian,337.“Brazen Sea” in Jewish Temple,77,228.Branchidæ,28.Brick column at Susa,315.Bricks,—use of, by Chaldæans,3-8,10,17,19.by Assyrians,53,65,74,116-20.by Persians,167-72.by Hittites,191.by Elamites,314.Bronze,12,18,35-7,63,70,125-34,227-9,288-92.use of, in Susa,326.altar,327.cylinders,327.bas-relief,327.statues,330.knuckle-bone, Temple of Didyma,313.Bulls,—winged and human-headed,92-6,154,167,224.in Assyrian decorative designs,114,115.in Persian sculpture,162,163.on Elamite cylinders,305,307.Bulls’ horns on tiara,23,26.Burin,45,308.Burj el-Bezzâk,255.Byrsa,246.Byzantine architecture,159.“Caillou Michaux,”33,34,325.Calah,91.Cambyses I.,176.Cambyses II.,150.Candlesticks, Jewish,226,227.Canephoros,36,37,89.Canopy of Persian throne,165.Capitals,12,43,63,64,155,156,227,242,248.Cap of Chaldæan statue,28,334.Caralis,260.Carchemish,185.Carthage,247,248,249.Caryatids,86,87,327.Casat Crendi,244.Cedar-wood, use of, in Assyria and Babylon,60,61,78.Cemetery, Assyrian,50.Ceramics,—Chaldæan,38-40.Assyrian,121-5.Phœnician,277-9.Cypriote,280-1.Carthaginian,282.Cesnola, P. di,242,243.Chair, Assyrian,135.Chalcedony,44,142,182,335.Characene,12.Chariots, Assyrian,136,137.Chedorlaomer,300.Cherubim,93,224.Cidaris,179.Cippi,111,260,268.Cisterns,—Jewish,215,232,233.Carthaginian,249.Citium,270.Clamps, use of, in building,149,150,191.Clay, in building,4,6,39,40,54,56.tablets, Elamite,305.Clercq, M. de,45,46,47.Clermont-Ganneau, on Phœnician patera,290.Cloisonné,337.Coffins, at Mugheir,20.Phœnician,256-9.Colocynths,224,225,228,229.Columns,—Chaldæan,9-12.Assyrian,61-6.Persian,153-6.Jewish,217,227,231.Cypriote,241,242,248.Elamite,315.Concrete,17.Cone, mystical,242.Cones,18,21,36,38.Contracts under protection of gods,326.Corbelled vault,14.Courts,—of Chaldæan palaces,16,17.of Assyrian palaces,69,70.of Jewish Temple,218-21.Crater,292.Cross, as Assyrian ornament,143.Ctesias,70,81,119.Cuneiform writing, origin of,305,306.Curium,243.Cylinder,—foundation,21,22.inscribed,305,306,307.huge bronze,327.Elamite,335.seals,335.Cylindrical seals,17,21,44-9,142-5,146,180-4,203,294-8.Cyrus,146.his portrait,160.Dakhmas,174,175.Dali,259.Daniel, Book of,114.Darius,150,152,301,312.bas-relief of,166.tomb of,178-80.cylindrical seal of,181.David,205,232.Decoration,—of Chaldæan vases,39,40.of Chaldæan walls,9,12.of Assyrian vases,122,123.of Hittite cylinder,203.of Holy Place in Jewish Temple,224.of Phœnician sculpture,263,264,267,268,269.Deir Ghuzaleh,231.Demons,116,130,132-4.Didyma, Temple of,313.Dieulafoy, M.,118,149,165,174.Dimas,252.Diodorus Siculus,76,80,119.Diorite,17,26,316,323.Disk, winged,166,172,187,201,240,263,269,296.Disks, metal, used as money (?)335.Divan, Assyrian,135.Divine Mother, The,48,124,267,281.Dolmens,230,231.Domes,15,56,158,159.Doors,17,152.“Double Gate” of Jewish Temple,216,217.Dowry, record of,33.Drainage,20,21,51,57-9.Drapery,—treatment of, in Chaldæan sculpture,34,35.treatment of, in Assyrian sculpture,105.treatment of, in Persian sculpture,161,165,166.in Cypriote art,273,274.Drill, use of, by Assyrian seal-engravers,144.Dungi,309.Dur-Sarrukin,66,69.Eagle and Lion Tablet,24.E-anna, Temple of,6,310,311.Ecbatana,74,75,146.Eflatoun,200.Egyptian style,—in pateræ from Assyria,128.in ivories from Assyria,137,138.in Persian architecture,156.sarcophagi in Phœnicia,257,258.E-kua, Temple of,60,78.Elam,299.Elam-Anzanite period,304.Elephant in Assyrian sculpture,109.Embroidery,—