1That of Laurens Pyl.2These figures at the end of paragraphs refer to the marginal remarks by way of reply made by the Governor Gerrit de Heer in the original MS. of the Memoir, and which for convenience have been placed at the end of this volume. See p.96.3Hendrik Adriaan van Rheede of Drakestein, Lord of Mydrecht, High Commissioner to Bengal, Coromandel, Ceylon, &c., from 1684–1691. For a fuller account of him, seeReport on the Dutch Records, p. 39.4Elephants without tusks.5Thomas van Rhee, Governor of Ceylon, 1693 to 1695.6The old plural ofopperkoopman, upper merchant, the highest grade in the Company’s Civil Service.7Veddas.8Tanjore.9Zinc.10Probably bullock carts, from Portugueseboi, an ox. Compareboiada, a herd of oxen.11Palm leaves dressed for thatching or matting, from the Malaykajang, palm leaves.12Chanks.13These figures are taken from the original MS. It is difficult to explain the discrepancy in the total.14This is the pure Arabic word, from which the wordShroffin our local vocabulary is derived.15See note on p.16.16Accountants,Tamil.17A variation in spelling ofchicos. See p.21.18Commandeur Floris Blom died at Jaffna on July 3, 1694, and is buried inside the church.19Kernels of the palmyra nut.20An irrigation headman in the Northern and Southern Province.21Probably fromkaiya, a party of workman doing work without wages for common advantage.22A corruption of the Tamil wordpattankatti. The word is applied to certain natives in authority at the pearl fisheries.23Acts of appointment.24From Tamiltarahu, brokerage. Here applied apparently to the person employed in the transaction.25The juice of the palmyra fruit dried into cakes.26The fruit itself.27The palmyra yam.28Palm oil.29See note on p.15(cadjang).30Coir.31Bananas: the word is in use in Java.32Durbar.33This has been translated into English, and forms an Appendix to the Memoir of Governor Ryckloff van Goens, junior, to be had at the Government Record Office, Colombo.34The full value of the rix-dollar was 60 Dutch stivers; but in the course of time its local value appears to have depreciated, and as a denomination of currency it came to represent only 48 stivers. Yet to preserve a fictitious identity with the original rix-dollar, the local mint turned out stivers of lower value, of which 60 were made to correspond to 48 of the Dutch stivers.35In China apicolis equal to 133⅓ lb. avoir.36Probably the Malay wordbahar. It was equal to 419 lb. avoir. The word is also found speltbaar, pluralbaren, in the Dutch Records. Abaaris equal to 600 lb.37Florins, stivers, abassis.38These are now known ascheniyas.39Plural ofonderkoopman.40The same aschicos. See p.21.41Pupil teachers?42Pardaõ, a popular name among the Portuguese for a gold and afterwards for a silver coin. That here referred to was perhaps thepagoda, which Valentyn makes equal to 6 guilders.43A copy of these is among the Archives in Colombo.44The Militia, composed of Vryburgers as officers, and townsmen of a certain age in the ranks.45Pen-men, who also had military duties to perform.46The Artisan class in the Company’s service.47Sloops.48Same as dhoneys.49Lit. “man searchers.” These were probably small boats rowed by men.50Cakes of palmyra sugar.51Coconut shells.52See note on p.15.53This is what he says: “It was my intention to have a new drawbridge built before the Castle, with a small water mill on one side to keep the canals always full of sea water; and a miniature model has already been made.”54He died on December 15, 1691, on board the shipDrechterlandon a voyage from Ceylon to Surat.55Cured and dried fish.56Pallars?57See page21supra.58The church was completed in 1706, during the administration of Commandeur Adam van der Duyn.59“Van geen oude schoenen te verwerpen, voor dat men met nieuwe voorsien is.”60Tanjore.61This is unfortunately no longer forthcoming, having probably been destroyed or lost with the rest of the Jaffna records; and there is no copy in the Archives at Colombo. But an older report of Commandeur Blom dated 1690 will be translated for this series.62Also lost.63The figures are as given in the MS. It is difficult to reconcile these equivalents with the rate of 3 guilders to the rix-dollar. The denominations given under florins (guilders) are as follows:—16abassis= 1 stiver; 20 stivers = 1 florin.64See note on p.16.65Hendrick Zwaardecroon.
1That of Laurens Pyl.2These figures at the end of paragraphs refer to the marginal remarks by way of reply made by the Governor Gerrit de Heer in the original MS. of the Memoir, and which for convenience have been placed at the end of this volume. See p.96.3Hendrik Adriaan van Rheede of Drakestein, Lord of Mydrecht, High Commissioner to Bengal, Coromandel, Ceylon, &c., from 1684–1691. For a fuller account of him, seeReport on the Dutch Records, p. 39.4Elephants without tusks.5Thomas van Rhee, Governor of Ceylon, 1693 to 1695.6The old plural ofopperkoopman, upper merchant, the highest grade in the Company’s Civil Service.7Veddas.8Tanjore.9Zinc.10Probably bullock carts, from Portugueseboi, an ox. Compareboiada, a herd of oxen.11Palm leaves dressed for thatching or matting, from the Malaykajang, palm leaves.12Chanks.13These figures are taken from the original MS. It is difficult to explain the discrepancy in the total.14This is the pure Arabic word, from which the wordShroffin our local vocabulary is derived.15See note on p.16.16Accountants,Tamil.17A variation in spelling ofchicos. See p.21.18Commandeur Floris Blom died at Jaffna on July 3, 1694, and is buried inside the church.19Kernels of the palmyra nut.20An irrigation headman in the Northern and Southern Province.21Probably fromkaiya, a party of workman doing work without wages for common advantage.22A corruption of the Tamil wordpattankatti. The word is applied to certain natives in authority at the pearl fisheries.23Acts of appointment.24From Tamiltarahu, brokerage. Here applied apparently to the person employed in the transaction.25The juice of the palmyra fruit dried into cakes.26The fruit itself.27The palmyra yam.28Palm oil.29See note on p.15(cadjang).30Coir.31Bananas: the word is in use in Java.32Durbar.33This has been translated into English, and forms an Appendix to the Memoir of Governor Ryckloff van Goens, junior, to be had at the Government Record Office, Colombo.34The full value of the rix-dollar was 60 Dutch stivers; but in the course of time its local value appears to have depreciated, and as a denomination of currency it came to represent only 48 stivers. Yet to preserve a fictitious identity with the original rix-dollar, the local mint turned out stivers of lower value, of which 60 were made to correspond to 48 of the Dutch stivers.35In China apicolis equal to 133⅓ lb. avoir.36Probably the Malay wordbahar. It was equal to 419 lb. avoir. The word is also found speltbaar, pluralbaren, in the Dutch Records. Abaaris equal to 600 lb.37Florins, stivers, abassis.38These are now known ascheniyas.39Plural ofonderkoopman.40The same aschicos. See p.21.41Pupil teachers?42Pardaõ, a popular name among the Portuguese for a gold and afterwards for a silver coin. That here referred to was perhaps thepagoda, which Valentyn makes equal to 6 guilders.43A copy of these is among the Archives in Colombo.44The Militia, composed of Vryburgers as officers, and townsmen of a certain age in the ranks.45Pen-men, who also had military duties to perform.46The Artisan class in the Company’s service.47Sloops.48Same as dhoneys.49Lit. “man searchers.” These were probably small boats rowed by men.50Cakes of palmyra sugar.51Coconut shells.52See note on p.15.53This is what he says: “It was my intention to have a new drawbridge built before the Castle, with a small water mill on one side to keep the canals always full of sea water; and a miniature model has already been made.”54He died on December 15, 1691, on board the shipDrechterlandon a voyage from Ceylon to Surat.55Cured and dried fish.56Pallars?57See page21supra.58The church was completed in 1706, during the administration of Commandeur Adam van der Duyn.59“Van geen oude schoenen te verwerpen, voor dat men met nieuwe voorsien is.”60Tanjore.61This is unfortunately no longer forthcoming, having probably been destroyed or lost with the rest of the Jaffna records; and there is no copy in the Archives at Colombo. But an older report of Commandeur Blom dated 1690 will be translated for this series.62Also lost.63The figures are as given in the MS. It is difficult to reconcile these equivalents with the rate of 3 guilders to the rix-dollar. The denominations given under florins (guilders) are as follows:—16abassis= 1 stiver; 20 stivers = 1 florin.64See note on p.16.65Hendrick Zwaardecroon.
1That of Laurens Pyl.2These figures at the end of paragraphs refer to the marginal remarks by way of reply made by the Governor Gerrit de Heer in the original MS. of the Memoir, and which for convenience have been placed at the end of this volume. See p.96.3Hendrik Adriaan van Rheede of Drakestein, Lord of Mydrecht, High Commissioner to Bengal, Coromandel, Ceylon, &c., from 1684–1691. For a fuller account of him, seeReport on the Dutch Records, p. 39.4Elephants without tusks.5Thomas van Rhee, Governor of Ceylon, 1693 to 1695.6The old plural ofopperkoopman, upper merchant, the highest grade in the Company’s Civil Service.7Veddas.8Tanjore.9Zinc.10Probably bullock carts, from Portugueseboi, an ox. Compareboiada, a herd of oxen.11Palm leaves dressed for thatching or matting, from the Malaykajang, palm leaves.12Chanks.13These figures are taken from the original MS. It is difficult to explain the discrepancy in the total.14This is the pure Arabic word, from which the wordShroffin our local vocabulary is derived.15See note on p.16.16Accountants,Tamil.17A variation in spelling ofchicos. See p.21.18Commandeur Floris Blom died at Jaffna on July 3, 1694, and is buried inside the church.19Kernels of the palmyra nut.20An irrigation headman in the Northern and Southern Province.21Probably fromkaiya, a party of workman doing work without wages for common advantage.22A corruption of the Tamil wordpattankatti. The word is applied to certain natives in authority at the pearl fisheries.23Acts of appointment.24From Tamiltarahu, brokerage. Here applied apparently to the person employed in the transaction.25The juice of the palmyra fruit dried into cakes.26The fruit itself.27The palmyra yam.28Palm oil.29See note on p.15(cadjang).30Coir.31Bananas: the word is in use in Java.32Durbar.33This has been translated into English, and forms an Appendix to the Memoir of Governor Ryckloff van Goens, junior, to be had at the Government Record Office, Colombo.34The full value of the rix-dollar was 60 Dutch stivers; but in the course of time its local value appears to have depreciated, and as a denomination of currency it came to represent only 48 stivers. Yet to preserve a fictitious identity with the original rix-dollar, the local mint turned out stivers of lower value, of which 60 were made to correspond to 48 of the Dutch stivers.35In China apicolis equal to 133⅓ lb. avoir.36Probably the Malay wordbahar. It was equal to 419 lb. avoir. The word is also found speltbaar, pluralbaren, in the Dutch Records. Abaaris equal to 600 lb.37Florins, stivers, abassis.38These are now known ascheniyas.39Plural ofonderkoopman.40The same aschicos. See p.21.41Pupil teachers?42Pardaõ, a popular name among the Portuguese for a gold and afterwards for a silver coin. That here referred to was perhaps thepagoda, which Valentyn makes equal to 6 guilders.43A copy of these is among the Archives in Colombo.44The Militia, composed of Vryburgers as officers, and townsmen of a certain age in the ranks.45Pen-men, who also had military duties to perform.46The Artisan class in the Company’s service.47Sloops.48Same as dhoneys.49Lit. “man searchers.” These were probably small boats rowed by men.50Cakes of palmyra sugar.51Coconut shells.52See note on p.15.53This is what he says: “It was my intention to have a new drawbridge built before the Castle, with a small water mill on one side to keep the canals always full of sea water; and a miniature model has already been made.”54He died on December 15, 1691, on board the shipDrechterlandon a voyage from Ceylon to Surat.55Cured and dried fish.56Pallars?57See page21supra.58The church was completed in 1706, during the administration of Commandeur Adam van der Duyn.59“Van geen oude schoenen te verwerpen, voor dat men met nieuwe voorsien is.”60Tanjore.61This is unfortunately no longer forthcoming, having probably been destroyed or lost with the rest of the Jaffna records; and there is no copy in the Archives at Colombo. But an older report of Commandeur Blom dated 1690 will be translated for this series.62Also lost.63The figures are as given in the MS. It is difficult to reconcile these equivalents with the rate of 3 guilders to the rix-dollar. The denominations given under florins (guilders) are as follows:—16abassis= 1 stiver; 20 stivers = 1 florin.64See note on p.16.65Hendrick Zwaardecroon.
1That of Laurens Pyl.
2These figures at the end of paragraphs refer to the marginal remarks by way of reply made by the Governor Gerrit de Heer in the original MS. of the Memoir, and which for convenience have been placed at the end of this volume. See p.96.
3Hendrik Adriaan van Rheede of Drakestein, Lord of Mydrecht, High Commissioner to Bengal, Coromandel, Ceylon, &c., from 1684–1691. For a fuller account of him, seeReport on the Dutch Records, p. 39.
4Elephants without tusks.
5Thomas van Rhee, Governor of Ceylon, 1693 to 1695.
6The old plural ofopperkoopman, upper merchant, the highest grade in the Company’s Civil Service.
7Veddas.
8Tanjore.
9Zinc.
10Probably bullock carts, from Portugueseboi, an ox. Compareboiada, a herd of oxen.
11Palm leaves dressed for thatching or matting, from the Malaykajang, palm leaves.
12Chanks.
13These figures are taken from the original MS. It is difficult to explain the discrepancy in the total.
14This is the pure Arabic word, from which the wordShroffin our local vocabulary is derived.
15See note on p.16.
16Accountants,Tamil.
17A variation in spelling ofchicos. See p.21.
18Commandeur Floris Blom died at Jaffna on July 3, 1694, and is buried inside the church.
19Kernels of the palmyra nut.
20An irrigation headman in the Northern and Southern Province.
21Probably fromkaiya, a party of workman doing work without wages for common advantage.
22A corruption of the Tamil wordpattankatti. The word is applied to certain natives in authority at the pearl fisheries.
23Acts of appointment.
24From Tamiltarahu, brokerage. Here applied apparently to the person employed in the transaction.
25The juice of the palmyra fruit dried into cakes.
26The fruit itself.
27The palmyra yam.
28Palm oil.
29See note on p.15(cadjang).
30Coir.
31Bananas: the word is in use in Java.
32Durbar.
33This has been translated into English, and forms an Appendix to the Memoir of Governor Ryckloff van Goens, junior, to be had at the Government Record Office, Colombo.
34The full value of the rix-dollar was 60 Dutch stivers; but in the course of time its local value appears to have depreciated, and as a denomination of currency it came to represent only 48 stivers. Yet to preserve a fictitious identity with the original rix-dollar, the local mint turned out stivers of lower value, of which 60 were made to correspond to 48 of the Dutch stivers.
35In China apicolis equal to 133⅓ lb. avoir.
36Probably the Malay wordbahar. It was equal to 419 lb. avoir. The word is also found speltbaar, pluralbaren, in the Dutch Records. Abaaris equal to 600 lb.
37Florins, stivers, abassis.
38These are now known ascheniyas.
39Plural ofonderkoopman.
40The same aschicos. See p.21.
41Pupil teachers?
42Pardaõ, a popular name among the Portuguese for a gold and afterwards for a silver coin. That here referred to was perhaps thepagoda, which Valentyn makes equal to 6 guilders.
43A copy of these is among the Archives in Colombo.
44The Militia, composed of Vryburgers as officers, and townsmen of a certain age in the ranks.
45Pen-men, who also had military duties to perform.
46The Artisan class in the Company’s service.
47Sloops.
48Same as dhoneys.
49Lit. “man searchers.” These were probably small boats rowed by men.
50Cakes of palmyra sugar.
51Coconut shells.
52See note on p.15.
53This is what he says: “It was my intention to have a new drawbridge built before the Castle, with a small water mill on one side to keep the canals always full of sea water; and a miniature model has already been made.”
54He died on December 15, 1691, on board the shipDrechterlandon a voyage from Ceylon to Surat.
55Cured and dried fish.
56Pallars?
57See page21supra.
58The church was completed in 1706, during the administration of Commandeur Adam van der Duyn.
59“Van geen oude schoenen te verwerpen, voor dat men met nieuwe voorsien is.”
60Tanjore.
61This is unfortunately no longer forthcoming, having probably been destroyed or lost with the rest of the Jaffna records; and there is no copy in the Archives at Colombo. But an older report of Commandeur Blom dated 1690 will be translated for this series.
62Also lost.
63The figures are as given in the MS. It is difficult to reconcile these equivalents with the rate of 3 guilders to the rix-dollar. The denominations given under florins (guilders) are as follows:—16abassis= 1 stiver; 20 stivers = 1 florin.
64See note on p.16.
65Hendrick Zwaardecroon.