45. Cunningham, b. vii. p. 402.
45. Cunningham, b. vii. p. 402.
46. Coxe, vol. i. p. 306.
46. Coxe, vol. i. p. 306.
47. Lediard.
47. Lediard.
48. Ibid.
48. Ibid.
49. Cunningham, p. 402.
49. Cunningham, p. 402.
50. History of Europe. Lediard. Coxe.
50. History of Europe. Lediard. Coxe.
51. History of Europe. Lediard. Coxe.
51. History of Europe. Lediard. Coxe.
52. Lediard, p. 478.
52. Lediard, p. 478.
53. Cunningham, book viii. p. 442.
53. Cunningham, book viii. p. 442.
54. Conduct, p. 147.
54. Conduct, p. 147.
55. Lediard. Cunningham.
55. Lediard. Cunningham.
56. Conduct, p. 156.
56. Conduct, p. 156.
57. Conduct, p. 150.
57. Conduct, p. 150.
58. Conduct, p. 155.
58. Conduct, p. 155.
59. Cunningham, p. 456.
59. Cunningham, p. 456.
60. See Conduct. Somerville, chap. vi. p. 113.
60. See Conduct. Somerville, chap. vi. p. 113.
61. Conduct, p. 159.
61. Conduct, p. 159.
62. Cunningham, p. 458.
62. Cunningham, p. 458.
63. Cunningham.
63. Cunningham.
64. Lediard, vol. iii.
64. Lediard, vol. iii.
65. Cunningham, b. viii. p. 461.
65. Cunningham, b. viii. p. 461.
66. Lediard, vol. ii. p. 3.
66. Lediard, vol. ii. p. 3.
67. Cunningham, p. 452.
67. Cunningham, p. 452.
68. Conduct, p. 161. Cunningham. Lediard.
68. Conduct, p. 161. Cunningham. Lediard.
69. Conduct, p. 170.
69. Conduct, p. 170.
70. Ibid. p. 165–167.
70. Ibid. p. 165–167.
71. Conduct, p. 173.
71. Conduct, p. 173.
72. Ibid. p. 174.
72. Ibid. p. 174.
73. Coxe, p. 515.
73. Coxe, p. 515.
74. He was made Lord Keeper in 1705, and Lord Chancellor in 1707.
74. He was made Lord Keeper in 1705, and Lord Chancellor in 1707.
75. MSS. Letters British Museum, Coxe Papers, 45, 4to. p. 2.
75. MSS. Letters British Museum, Coxe Papers, 45, 4to. p. 2.
76. Conduct, p. 171.
76. Conduct, p. 171.
77. Ibid. p. 176.
77. Ibid. p. 176.
78. Conduct, 161.
78. Conduct, 161.
79. Other Side, p. 259.
79. Other Side, p. 259.
80. Ibid. p. 261.
80. Ibid. p. 261.
81. Conduct, p. 162.
81. Conduct, p. 162.
82. Other Side, p. 261.
82. Other Side, p. 261.
83. Cunningham, b. ix. p. 77.
83. Cunningham, b. ix. p. 77.
84. Cunningham, p. 77.
84. Cunningham, p. 77.
85. Cunningham, p. 55, and Biographia Britannica.
85. Cunningham, p. 55, and Biographia Britannica.
86. Conduct.
86. Conduct.
87. Conduct, p. 177–181.
87. Conduct, p. 177–181.
88. Lediard, vol. ii. p. 2.
88. Lediard, vol. ii. p. 2.
89. Letters on the Study of History. Letter IV.
89. Letters on the Study of History. Letter IV.
90. Conduct, p. 176.
90. Conduct, p. 176.
91. In her letter (supposed to Bishop Burnet) endorsed “An answer to the person that asked what first stuck with me,” in the Coxe MSS. the Duchess calls Mr. Hill “a merchant, or projector,” who was in some way related to Mr. Harley, and by profession an Anabaptist.—Coxe MSS. vol. xlv. p. 11.
91. In her letter (supposed to Bishop Burnet) endorsed “An answer to the person that asked what first stuck with me,” in the Coxe MSS. the Duchess calls Mr. Hill “a merchant, or projector,” who was in some way related to Mr. Harley, and by profession an Anabaptist.—Coxe MSS. vol. xlv. p. 11.
92. Conduct.
92. Conduct.
93. Coxe MSS., vol. xlv. p. 11.
93. Coxe MSS., vol. xlv. p. 11.
94. Ibid.
94. Ibid.
95. Political pamphlet, entitled a “Continuation of the Review of a late Treatise,” &c. London, 1741, p. 31.
95. Political pamphlet, entitled a “Continuation of the Review of a late Treatise,” &c. London, 1741, p. 31.
96. MSS. B. M. Coxe Papers, vol. xliv.
96. MSS. B. M. Coxe Papers, vol. xliv.
97. Conduct, p. 183.
97. Conduct, p. 183.
98. Mr. Masham was first page of honour to Queen Anne and to Prince George, and also equerry to the latter. In 1710 he was preferred to the command of a regiment of horse, and advanced to the rank of brigadier-general. At the famous creation in 1711, he was made a peer, by the title of Lord Masham of Oates, in the county of Essex. By his lady, who died in 1734, he had three sons and two daughters. Anne, his lordship’s eldest daughter, married, in 1726, Henry Hoare, grandson of Sir Richard Hoare, formerly Lord Mayor of London.—London Chronicle.
98. Mr. Masham was first page of honour to Queen Anne and to Prince George, and also equerry to the latter. In 1710 he was preferred to the command of a regiment of horse, and advanced to the rank of brigadier-general. At the famous creation in 1711, he was made a peer, by the title of Lord Masham of Oates, in the county of Essex. By his lady, who died in 1734, he had three sons and two daughters. Anne, his lordship’s eldest daughter, married, in 1726, Henry Hoare, grandson of Sir Richard Hoare, formerly Lord Mayor of London.—London Chronicle.
99. Conduct, p. 181.
99. Conduct, p. 181.
100. MS. Letter to Mr. Hutchinson, B. M.
100. MS. Letter to Mr. Hutchinson, B. M.
101. Conduct, p. 185.
101. Conduct, p. 185.
102. Coxe, Papers vol. xlv. p. 13.
102. Coxe, Papers vol. xlv. p. 13.
103. Conduct, p. 190.
103. Conduct, p. 190.
104. Other Side of the Question, p. 311.
104. Other Side of the Question, p. 311.
105. Private Correspondence, vol. i. p. 63.
105. Private Correspondence, vol. i. p. 63.
106. Ibid. p. 105.
106. Ibid. p. 105.
107. MS. Letter, British Museum.
107. MS. Letter, British Museum.
108. Preface to Lord Wharncliffe’s Ed. of Lady M. W.’s Letters, p. 74.
108. Preface to Lord Wharncliffe’s Ed. of Lady M. W.’s Letters, p. 74.
109. Conduct, p. 197.
109. Conduct, p. 197.
110. Cunningham, b. ix. p. 82.
110. Cunningham, b. ix. p. 82.
111. Lediard, vol. ii. p. 5.
111. Lediard, vol. ii. p. 5.
112. Other Side, p. 316.
112. Other Side, p. 316.
113. B. ix. p. 80.
113. B. ix. p. 80.
114. Conduct, p. 70.
114. Conduct, p. 70.
115. Lediard.
115. Lediard.
116. Conduct, p. 191.
116. Conduct, p. 191.
117. Conduct, p. 202.
117. Conduct, p. 202.
118. Coxe Papers, vol. xliv.
118. Coxe Papers, vol. xliv.
119. London Chronicle, 1763.
119. London Chronicle, 1763.
120. MS.
120. MS.
121. See Appendix.
121. See Appendix.
122. Conduct.
122. Conduct.
123. Conduct.
123. Conduct.
124. Coxe, book i. p. 377.
124. Coxe, book i. p. 377.
125. Burnet, vol. v. p. 358.
125. Burnet, vol. v. p. 358.
126. Coxe, p. 370–372.
126. Coxe, p. 370–372.
127. Correspondence, vol. i. p. 83.
127. Correspondence, vol. i. p. 83.
128. Ibid. p. 84.
128. Ibid. p. 84.
129. Cunningham, b. ix. p. 141.
129. Cunningham, b. ix. p. 141.
130. Cunningham, vol. x. p. 132.
130. Cunningham, vol. x. p. 132.
131. Burnet, p. 373.
131. Burnet, p. 373.
132. Burnet.
132. Burnet.
133. See Lives of St. John Lord Bolingbroke, by Goldsmith. Biog. Britannica, &c.
133. See Lives of St. John Lord Bolingbroke, by Goldsmith. Biog. Britannica, &c.
134. Cunningham.
134. Cunningham.
135. Letters on History.
135. Letters on History.
136. See Lives of Bolingbroke—Coxe, Burnet, Lediard.
136. See Lives of Bolingbroke—Coxe, Burnet, Lediard.
137. Lediard, vol. ii. p. 9.
137. Lediard, vol. ii. p. 9.
138. Lediard, vol. ii. p. 9.
138. Lediard, vol. ii. p. 9.
139. Burnet, b. v. p. 384.
139. Burnet, b. v. p. 384.
140. Conduct, p. 214.
140. Conduct, p. 214.
141. Ibid. 216.
141. Ibid. 216.
142. Ibid.
142. Ibid.
143. Conduct, p. 222.
143. Conduct, p. 222.
144. Conduct, p. 219.
144. Conduct, p. 219.
145. Aug. 19, 1708.
145. Aug. 19, 1708.
146. Conduct, p. 222.
146. Conduct, p. 222.
147. Preserved in the Coxe MSS. B. M., and given in the Appendix to this volume.
147. Preserved in the Coxe MSS. B. M., and given in the Appendix to this volume.
148. Burnet, vol. iv. p. 247.
148. Burnet, vol. iv. p. 247.
149. Conduct. Also Narrative, by the Duchess, of the events which took place after the Prince of Denmark’s death. Coxe, vol. iv. p. 234.
149. Conduct. Also Narrative, by the Duchess, of the events which took place after the Prince of Denmark’s death. Coxe, vol. iv. p. 234.
150. Macauley. History of England from the Revolution, p. 218.
150. Macauley. History of England from the Revolution, p. 218.
151. Cunningham.
151. Cunningham.
152. Cunningham, book ii. p. 300.
152. Cunningham, book ii. p. 300.
153. MS. Letter to Mr. Hutchinson. This curious and natural account of an amusing scene is contained in a manuscript Vindication of the Duchess, addressed to Mr. Hutchinson, preserved in the Coxe MSS. in the British Museum, and has never before been quoted or published.—See Coxe Papers, vol. xliv. p. 2. “The good-nature yet weakness of Anne’s character is strongly exemplified in the details in the text.”
153. MS. Letter to Mr. Hutchinson. This curious and natural account of an amusing scene is contained in a manuscript Vindication of the Duchess, addressed to Mr. Hutchinson, preserved in the Coxe MSS. in the British Museum, and has never before been quoted or published.—See Coxe Papers, vol. xliv. p. 2. “The good-nature yet weakness of Anne’s character is strongly exemplified in the details in the text.”
154. Lady Hyde, afterwards Countess of Rochester, from whom the Duchess states herself to have received many affronts on the back-stairs.—Coxe MSS. vol. 44.
154. Lady Hyde, afterwards Countess of Rochester, from whom the Duchess states herself to have received many affronts on the back-stairs.—Coxe MSS. vol. 44.
155. The Duchess of Somerset, wife of the proud Duke of Somerset, so called from his excessive pride of rank and ostentation, was a Percy; and, as such, considered to merit precedence, and great deference, both by her husband and by the Duchess of Marlborough, who always called her “the great lady.” There seems to have been a friendly understanding between the two Duchesses, for Mr. Maynwaring, in one of his letters to the Duchess of Marlborough, says, “I am glad the Duke and Duchess of Somerset were to dine with you, for notwithstanding the faults of the one, and the spirit of Percy blood in the other, I think they both naturally love and esteem you very much.”—Coxe MSS. vol. xli. p. 248.
155. The Duchess of Somerset, wife of the proud Duke of Somerset, so called from his excessive pride of rank and ostentation, was a Percy; and, as such, considered to merit precedence, and great deference, both by her husband and by the Duchess of Marlborough, who always called her “the great lady.” There seems to have been a friendly understanding between the two Duchesses, for Mr. Maynwaring, in one of his letters to the Duchess of Marlborough, says, “I am glad the Duke and Duchess of Somerset were to dine with you, for notwithstanding the faults of the one, and the spirit of Percy blood in the other, I think they both naturally love and esteem you very much.”—Coxe MSS. vol. xli. p. 248.
156. MS. Letter. Coxe Papers, p. 44.
156. MS. Letter. Coxe Papers, p. 44.
157. Conduct, p. 230.
157. Conduct, p. 230.
158. Conduct, p. 230.
158. Conduct, p. 230.
159. Cunningham, b. xii. p. 279.
159. Cunningham, b. xii. p. 279.
160. Cunningham, b. xii. p. 279.
160. Cunningham, b. xii. p. 279.
161. Cunningham, b. xii. p. 279.
161. Cunningham, b. xii. p. 279.
162. Cunningham, book xii. p. 282.
162. Cunningham, book xii. p. 282.
163. Conduct, from p. 238 to 244.
163. Conduct, from p. 238 to 244.
164. See another account of this scene, in Private Correspondence of the Duke of Marlborough, vol. i. p. 295.
164. See another account of this scene, in Private Correspondence of the Duke of Marlborough, vol. i. p. 295.
165. Conduct, p. 244.
165. Conduct, p. 244.
166. Burnet’s History, b. iv. vol. vi. p. 314.
166. Burnet’s History, b. iv. vol. vi. p. 314.
167. Biographia Britannica, art. Gilbert Burnet.
167. Biographia Britannica, art. Gilbert Burnet.
168. Biographia Britannica.
168. Biographia Britannica.
169. The Countess de Soissons was one among many ladies of rank, and some belonging to the court, who, merely to satisfy curiosity, ever powerful in female hearts, visited a woman of the name of Voisin, who carried on a traffic in poisons, and was convicted by theChambre Ardente, and burnt alive on the twenty-second of February, 1680. This woman kept a list of all who had been dupes to her imposture; and in it were found the names of the Countess de Soissons, her sister the Duchess de Bouillon, and Marshal de Luxembourg. In order to avoid the disgrace of imprisonment without a fair trial, the Countess fled to Flanders; her sister was saved by the interest of her friends; and the Marshal, after some months’ imprisonment in the Bastile, was declared innocent.—SeeBeckman’s History of Inventions, vol. i. p. 94, 95.
169. The Countess de Soissons was one among many ladies of rank, and some belonging to the court, who, merely to satisfy curiosity, ever powerful in female hearts, visited a woman of the name of Voisin, who carried on a traffic in poisons, and was convicted by theChambre Ardente, and burnt alive on the twenty-second of February, 1680. This woman kept a list of all who had been dupes to her imposture; and in it were found the names of the Countess de Soissons, her sister the Duchess de Bouillon, and Marshal de Luxembourg. In order to avoid the disgrace of imprisonment without a fair trial, the Countess fled to Flanders; her sister was saved by the interest of her friends; and the Marshal, after some months’ imprisonment in the Bastile, was declared innocent.—SeeBeckman’s History of Inventions, vol. i. p. 94, 95.
170. Burnet, Hist. p. 290.
170. Burnet, Hist. p. 290.
171. Conduct, p. 254.
171. Conduct, p. 254.
172. Cunningham, Burnet, Tindal.
172. Cunningham, Burnet, Tindal.
173. Private Correspondence, vol. i. p. 317.
173. Private Correspondence, vol. i. p. 317.
174. Conduct, p. 260.
174. Conduct, p. 260.
175. Private Correspondence, vol. i. p. 343.
175. Private Correspondence, vol. i. p. 343.
176. Ibid. p. 351.
176. Ibid. p. 351.
177. Private Correspondence, p. 366.
177. Private Correspondence, p. 366.
178. Conduct, p. 261.
178. Conduct, p. 261.
179. See Cibber’s Apology. Lady M. Wortley Montague, preface.
179. See Cibber’s Apology. Lady M. Wortley Montague, preface.
180. Swift’s Letters, xiii p. 47.
180. Swift’s Letters, xiii p. 47.
181. Examiner, No. xvii.
181. Examiner, No. xvii.
182. Conduct, p. 263.
182. Conduct, p. 263.
183. Conduct, p. 273.
183. Conduct, p. 273.
184. Conduct, p. 279.
184. Conduct, p. 279.
185. Conduct, p. 282.
185. Conduct, p. 282.
186. Alluding, probably, to the custom of touching for the King’s evil.
186. Alluding, probably, to the custom of touching for the King’s evil.
187. Cunningham, b. xix. p. 348.
187. Cunningham, b. xix. p. 348.
188. Conduct, p. 269. See Appendix.
188. Conduct, p. 269. See Appendix.
189. Ibid. p. 270.
189. Ibid. p. 270.
190. Coxe, MS. vol. xliii.
190. Coxe, MS. vol. xliii.
191. Lediard, p. 283.
191. Lediard, p. 283.
192. Lediard, p. 278.
192. Lediard, p. 278.
193. See Coxe—Lediard—Biog. Brit.
193. See Coxe—Lediard—Biog. Brit.
194. Warton’s Essay on Pope, p. 119.
194. Warton’s Essay on Pope, p. 119.
195. See Archdeacon Coxe.
195. See Archdeacon Coxe.
196. The Duchess herself remarks it, as an extraordinary occurrence, that her husband should, even upon a most trying occasion, be betrayed into anger. When he received from Queen Anne the letter containing his dismissal, he flung it, she says, “in a passion,” into the fire. Coxe, MS. vol. xliii.
196. The Duchess herself remarks it, as an extraordinary occurrence, that her husband should, even upon a most trying occasion, be betrayed into anger. When he received from Queen Anne the letter containing his dismissal, he flung it, she says, “in a passion,” into the fire. Coxe, MS. vol. xliii.
197. Biog. Britannica.
197. Biog. Britannica.
198. Swift’s Works, vol. xiii. p. 36.
198. Swift’s Works, vol. xiii. p. 36.
199. See Swift’s Letter.
199. See Swift’s Letter.
200. Lediard, vol. ii. p. 399.
200. Lediard, vol. ii. p. 399.
201. Lediard, p. 391.
201. Lediard, p. 391.
202. See Appendix.
202. See Appendix.
203. Lord Cowper’s Diary.
203. Lord Cowper’s Diary.
204. Ibid. vol. iv. p. 229.
204. Ibid. vol. iv. p. 229.
205. Somerville, chap. xxiii. p. 125.
205. Somerville, chap. xxiii. p. 125.
206. Somerville, p. 554, 555.
206. Somerville, p. 554, 555.
207. Sheridan’s Swift, p. 143.
207. Sheridan’s Swift, p. 143.
208. Conduct.
208. Conduct.
209. Coxe MSS. vol. xliv. p. 2.
209. Coxe MSS. vol. xliv. p. 2.
210. Swift’s Correspondence, vol. xv. p. 111.
210. Swift’s Correspondence, vol. xv. p. 111.
211. Swift’s Correspondence, vol. xv. p. 73.
211. Swift’s Correspondence, vol. xv. p. 73.
212. Ibid. p. 76.
212. Ibid. p. 76.
213. Swift’s Correspondence, vol. xv. p. 77.
213. Swift’s Correspondence, vol. xv. p. 77.
214. Swift’s Letters.
214. Swift’s Letters.
215. Coxe, p. 297.
215. Coxe, p. 297.
216. Letter of Erasmus Lewes to Swift, vol. xv. p. 108.
216. Letter of Erasmus Lewes to Swift, vol. xv. p. 108.
217. Boyer, p. 714.
217. Boyer, p. 714.
218. Boyer. Arbuthnot’s Letter to Swift, vol. xv.
218. Boyer. Arbuthnot’s Letter to Swift, vol. xv.
219. Private Correspondence, vol. ii. p. 147.
219. Private Correspondence, vol. ii. p. 147.
220. Her early medical attendant, and that of her family, Dr. Ratcliffe, the singular benefactor of Oxford, was not present at her sick-bed. He died soon afterwards. This humorist, and shrewd physician, had offended her Majesty some time previously, by saying that her complaint was nothing but “vapours.” Possibly he was so far right, that repose, not medicine, was what the poor, harassed Queen required. Dr. Ratcliffe had been sent for to Prince George by the Queen’s express desire. On that occasion he had given her Majesty no hopes; telling her that however common it might be for surgeons to use caustics in cases of burning and scalding, “it was irregular for physicians to expel watery humours by the same element.” To this dogmatic assertion he added a promise that the dying Prince should have an easy passage out of this world, since he had been so “tampered with,” he could not live more than six days.—Ingram’s Memorials of Oxford, vol. iii. p. 8.For some further notice of this extraordinary man, see the concluding portion of this volume.
220. Her early medical attendant, and that of her family, Dr. Ratcliffe, the singular benefactor of Oxford, was not present at her sick-bed. He died soon afterwards. This humorist, and shrewd physician, had offended her Majesty some time previously, by saying that her complaint was nothing but “vapours.” Possibly he was so far right, that repose, not medicine, was what the poor, harassed Queen required. Dr. Ratcliffe had been sent for to Prince George by the Queen’s express desire. On that occasion he had given her Majesty no hopes; telling her that however common it might be for surgeons to use caustics in cases of burning and scalding, “it was irregular for physicians to expel watery humours by the same element.” To this dogmatic assertion he added a promise that the dying Prince should have an easy passage out of this world, since he had been so “tampered with,” he could not live more than six days.—Ingram’s Memorials of Oxford, vol. iii. p. 8.
For some further notice of this extraordinary man, see the concluding portion of this volume.
221. Somerville, Appendix II p. 656.
221. Somerville, Appendix II p. 656.
222. Lediard, p. 447.
222. Lediard, p. 447.
223. Coxe, vol. vi. p. 296.
223. Coxe, vol. vi. p. 296.
224. Ibid. p. 305.
224. Ibid. p. 305.
225. Lediard, p. 453.
225. Lediard, p. 453.
226. Coxe, p. 6. 308.
226. Coxe, p. 6. 308.
227. Macauley. Lediard.
227. Macauley. Lediard.
228. Macaulay. Chesterfield.
228. Macaulay. Chesterfield.
229. Coxe, vol. iii. p. 610.
229. Coxe, vol. iii. p. 610.
230. A portion of that task, namely, her letter to Mr. Hutchison, she is stated, in a note in Dr. Coxe’s handwriting, to have begun during her residence abroad.
230. A portion of that task, namely, her letter to Mr. Hutchison, she is stated, in a note in Dr. Coxe’s handwriting, to have begun during her residence abroad.
231. The principal of Sir J. Vanburgh’s works, besides Castle Howard and Blenheim, were Eastleving, in Dorsetshire; King’s Weston, near Bristol; the Opera House, and St. John’s Church, Westminster—not to mention his own residence at Whitehall, of which Swift writes—“At length they in the rubbish spyA thing resembling a goose-pie.”
231. The principal of Sir J. Vanburgh’s works, besides Castle Howard and Blenheim, were Eastleving, in Dorsetshire; King’s Weston, near Bristol; the Opera House, and St. John’s Church, Westminster—not to mention his own residence at Whitehall, of which Swift writes—
“At length they in the rubbish spyA thing resembling a goose-pie.”
“At length they in the rubbish spyA thing resembling a goose-pie.”
“At length they in the rubbish spyA thing resembling a goose-pie.”
“At length they in the rubbish spy
A thing resembling a goose-pie.”
232. Swift’s pun on this occasion was, that he might now “build houses.”
232. Swift’s pun on this occasion was, that he might now “build houses.”
233. Hist. Vanburgh’s House, 1708.
233. Hist. Vanburgh’s House, 1708.
234. This anecdote is pronounced by Mr. D’Israeli, in his “Curiosities of Literature” (1823), to be a mere invention.
234. This anecdote is pronounced by Mr. D’Israeli, in his “Curiosities of Literature” (1823), to be a mere invention.
235. Vanburgh died in 1726.
235. Vanburgh died in 1726.
236. Coxe MSS., vol. xlvi. p. 76.
236. Coxe MSS., vol. xlvi. p. 76.
237. Coxe MSS., vol. xlvi. p. 76.
237. Coxe MSS., vol. xlvi. p. 76.
238. Coxe Papers.
238. Coxe Papers.
239. Coxe Papers. See Appendix.
239. Coxe Papers. See Appendix.
240. Coxe Papers, vol. xlvi. p. 148.
240. Coxe Papers, vol. xlvi. p. 148.
241. This marriage, unhappily for the Duke, was childless, thus disappointing his hopes of being able proudly to deduce the origin of his posterity from the great Marlborough.—Coxe Papers, vol. xlvi. p. 148.
241. This marriage, unhappily for the Duke, was childless, thus disappointing his hopes of being able proudly to deduce the origin of his posterity from the great Marlborough.—Coxe Papers, vol. xlvi. p. 148.