Chapter 31

APar.Page.Acceleration of winding velocity in mule330211Action of building motion in roving machines252168Action of building ratchet wheel in roving machines257171Action of combing machine198126Action of copping mechanism322205Action of mule at end of draw289189Action of fallers in mule303194Action of plate wheel in roving machines244162Action of rollers of mule267177Advantages of rotation of backing-off wheel296190Air current, conveyance of cotton by6332Air current, effect of passages on7941Air current in scutchers, velocity of7840American cotton2113Amount of lift in roving machines233154Angularity of brackets in ring frames370240Angularity of thread in mules360229Asa Lees and Company’s rope driving for ring frames383254Asa Lees and Company’s rope driving for scutchers9248Ashworth Brothers’ cylinder setting12975Ashworth Brothers’ cylinder driving14985Ashworth Brothers’ revolving flat carding machine12975Attachment of cards to cylinders and doffers16496Attachment of cards to flats by rivets166101Attachment of cards to flats by sewing166101Attachment of cards to flats by clips166101Attachment of carriage end frame bands284187Attachment of pressers228148Attachment of roving to mule spindles267177BBack shaft connection with scroll shaft315202Back shaft connection of quadrant with327209Back shaft clutch, shape of teeth284187Back shaft clutch, disengagement of293190Back shaft, driving of284184Back shaft, driving of, ordinary method351221Back shaft, position of scrolls284187Backing-off chain, tightening motion307198Backing-off clutch, engagement of299193Backing-off clutch, release of312200Backing-off, compression of spring300193Backing-off, constant rotation of wheel296190Backing-off, driving of wheel282194Backing-off, effect of driving wheel282184Backing-off lever, release of301194Backing-off, operation of270177Backing-off, holding out catch during310200Backing-off, parts at end of311200Bale breaker2817Bale breaker, construction of rollers3319Bale breaker, Dobson and Barlow’s3419Bale breaker, draught of3018Baling of cotton2716Balling machines404281Bands, check315202Bands, tension of spindle280183Bands, mule end frame284187Bands, course of rim281183Beaters, balancing scutcher6836Beaters, blow of6937Beaters, construction of scutcher6836Beaters, space between grid and arms of5931Beaters, pulsations of7037Beaters, two and three winged6936Beaters, velocity of opener5530Beaters, velocity of Lord’s opener5831Beaters, velocity of scutcher6936Bearings, Higgins’ roving spindle230152Belts, main driving speeds1310Bend, Mason’s concentric11360Bend, Dobson and Barlow’s12569Bend, easy adjustment of flexible13478Bend, Hetherington’s setting of12166Bend, Hetherington’s trueing of12166Bend, Howard and Bullough’s12770Bend, Knowles’12873Bend, Legh’s flexible11965Bend, Platt’s flexible12267Bend, Platt’s inspection of setting of13779Bend, position of flexible12066Bend, setting brackets for11360Bend, setting flexible11965Bend, theory of flexible11864Bobbins, coated414291Bobbins, doubling and throstle413291Bobbins, driving roving232153Bobbins, lead, reasons for237156Bobbins, lift of233154Bobbins and flyer leads240158Bobbins, principle of driving roving239157Bobbins, retardation of roving238157Bobbins, ring frame413288Bobbins, roving412287Bobbins, Sidebotham’s patent413291Brazilian cotton2013Brooks’ adjustment of flats in card13177Brooks’ drawing machine208137Brooks’ ring spinning machine367234Brooks’ revolving flat card13076Brooks’ slow motion for card174107Building motion, action of252168Building motion, construction of251167Building motion, objects of250166Building motion, reversal of lift by254171Building motion, roving frame250166Bundling press396267CCages, Crighton’s construction of7639Cages, position of6735Calender rollers of carding engines10955Calculation of counts387257Calculation of hank roving387257Cam shaft, effect of first half turn of292190Cam shaft, effect of second half turn of345218Cam shaft, ordinary position of350220Cam shaft, position of cams on291189Cans, arrangement in drawing machine215143Cans, Bridge’s corrugated405282Cans, Platt’s full stop motion221145Cans, position in coiler11055Cans, sliver405282Carding, importance of190119Card clothing, attachment to flats by rivets166101Card clothing, attachment to flats by sewing166101Card clothing, attachment to flats by clips166101Card clothing, attachment to flats by Platt’s clip169105Card clothing, construction of foundation15491Card clothing, counts of wire15692Card clothing, counts used15793Card clothing, defects of side grinding15994Card clothing, deflection of flats167102Card clothing, desirability of light grinding16395Card clothing, improved side grinding16295Card clothing, machine for winding fillets16596Card clothing, manufacture of fillets15591Card clothing, mode of attaching fillets16496Card clothing, Platt’s fastener for169105Card clothing, preparation before fixing16496Card clothing, principles of setting15893Card clothing, setting teeth15692Card clothing, shape of teeth15994Card clothing, side grinding of teeth15994Card clothing, striation of teeth16194Card clothing, teeth of licker-in15793Card clothing, Tweedale’s clip for168102Card grinding, best speed of cylinder170105Card grinding, Brooks’ slow motion for174107Card grinding, construction of brackets178110Card grinding, Dronsfield’s emery fillets176109Card grinding, Edge’s flat apparatus182113Card grinding, Hetherington’s flat apparatus181112Card grinding, Hetherington’s slow motion172106Card grinding, Higginson’s flat apparatus183114Card grinding, Horsfall roller177109Card grinding, Knowles’ and Tatham’s flat apparatus180111Card grinding, Knowles’ slow motion175108Card grinding, machine for rollers186117Card grinding, machine for Wellman flats187118Card grinding, Platt’s flat apparatus184116Card grinding, principles of flat179110Card grinding, rollers used in176108Card grinding, Sykes’ slow motion171105Carding machine, action of cylinder15186Carding machine, action of licker-in15085Carding machine, Ashworth’s12974Carding machine, Ashworth’s cylinder setting12974Carding machine, Ashworth’s driving14985Carding machine, Ashworth’s setting of pedestals14885Carding machine, attenuation of fleece15286Carding machine, Brook’s13076Carding machine, Brook’s adjustment of flats13177Carding machine, condition of fibres15388Carding machine, construction of bend11360Carding machine, construction of calender rolls10955Carding machine, construction of coiler11055Carding machine, construction of cylinder10754Carding machine, construction of dish feed14381Carding machine, construction of doffer10854Carding machine, construction of doffer comb10854Carding machine, construction of licker-in10654Carding machine, construction of pedestals14784Carding machine, construction of setting brackets11360Carding machine, construction theory of bend11864Carding machine, character of working settings13378Carding machine, development of10453Carding machine, Dobson and Barlow’s12569Carding machine, Dobson and Barlow’s covers for14582Carding machine, Dobson and Barlow’s pedestal setting14885Carding machine, driving of parts of14684Carding machine, driving of rollers11360Carding machine, ease of flexible bend adjustment13478Carding machine, effect of licker-in14382Carding machine, feeding laps10553Carding machine, Hetherington’s setting of bend12166Carding machine, Hetherington’s trueing apparatus12166Carding machine, Howard and Bullough’s12770Carding machine, Howard and Bullough’s pedestal setting14885Carding machine, inclination of teeth on rollers11256Carding machine, Knowles’s12873Carding machine, Leigh’s flexible bend11965Carding machine, method of setting flats13277Carding machine, movement of cylinder centre13579Carding machine, object of10353Carding machine, Platt’s bend setting12267Carding machine, Platt’s inspection of setting13779Carding machine, position of chain attachment12368Carding machine, position of flexible bend12064Carding machine, position of mote knives14482Carding machine, position of under casings14482Carding machine, removal of neps and short fibre15085Carding machine, revolving flat11561Carding machine, revolving, adjusting heel of flats11762Carding machine, revolving, construction of flats11661Carding machine, revolving, mode of shaping flats11661Carding machine, revolving, number of flats11561Carding machine, revolving, testing flats11762Carding machine, roller and clearer11156Carding machine, roller dirt stripper11156Carding machine, setting flexible bend11965Carding machine, setting licker-in and doffer13679Carding machine, ultimate draught15286Carding machine, velocity of cylinder10754Carding machine, velocity of doffer10854Carding machine, velocity of doffer comb10854Carding machine, velocity of rollers11256Carding machine, velocity of Wellman14181Carding machine, Wellman13879Carding machine, Wellman, Dobson, and Barlow’s13980Carding machine, Wellman, effect of setting of flats14181Carding machine, Wellman, future of14281Carding machine, Wellman, principles of13879Carding machine, Wellman, setting flats of14081Card stripping, importance of188118Card stripping, method of189119Card stripping, reasons for188118Capital employed in spinning35Carriage of mule, connection with square278183Carriage of mule, construction of278183Carriage of mule, gain of288189Carriage of mule, improved slips for360229Carriage of mule, reciprocal motion of269177Chain attachment to flats12368Chain, backing-off tightening307198Chain, winding331212Chain, winding tightening motion333213Cleanliness, importance of1611Clearers for drawing frames212142Clearers, Dobson and Barlow’s212142Clearers, Ermen’s revolving212142Clearers, roving frames226148Clearers, rollers of carding engines11256Click motion341217Click motion, defects of old342217Click motion, holding out rod and343217Coiler, construction of11056Collars, Mason’s long229152Combined opening machines, Dobson and Barlow’s4725Combined opening machines, Platt’s5228Combined opening machines, Lord’s5831Combined mixing, opening, and scutching6332Combined opening and scutching9348Combing machine, action of198126Combing machine, combing cylinder196125Combing machine, detaching mechanism197126Combing machine, Dobson and Barlow’s202130Combing machine, Imbs’205135Combing machine, nippers of, Dobson & Barlow’s203134Combing machine, nipper guard201130Combing machine, preparation of sliver for192120Combing machine, Pinel, Lecœur, & Hetherington’s205135Combing machine, speed of200129Combing machine, waste from206136Comparative spindle speeds98Condenser, Theisen’s patent119Cones, Asa Lees’ driving for9248Cones, Platt’s driving for8745Cones, roving frame242158Cones, scutching machine velocity8342Cones, shape of249166Cones, speed249166Construction of combing cylinder196125Construction of drawing machine208137Construction of roving frames226147Constructive methods, early77Constructive methods, modern87Cops, chase of317203Cops, form of316202Cops, layers of yarn in317203Cops, paper tubes for316202Cops, winding traverse in building317203Copping motion, action of322205Copping motion, loose copping rail321205Copping motion, object of rail308199Copping motion, theory of319203Copping motion, traverse of plates320204Cotton, American2113Cotton, Brazilian2013Cotton, cleaning of3923Cotton, commercial qualities2314Cotton, Egyptian1913Cotton gin2415Cotton, Indian2213Cotton, mixing3621Cotton, Sea Island1813Cotton fibre, structure of1712Cotton fibre, strength of1712Cotton mill, cost of67Cotton, pneumatic conveyance of6332Cotton spinning industry35Counts of yarn, definition of387257Counts of wire, how calculated15692Counts of wire commonly used15793Creel, roving machine226147Crighton opening machine5329Crighton opening, combined6332Crighton opening, double6132Crighton opening, distance of grids5931Crighton opening, lubrication of footsteps5731Crighton opening, position of fans5429Crighton opening, production of6032Crighton opening, shape of grids5630Curtis and Rhodes’ differential motion247164Curtis’ mule358228DDead plate in scutching machine7539Dead plate, effect of position of8041Dead plate, Platt’s arrangement of8141Dead plate, position of7739Definition of lead237156Deflection of flats167102Detaching mechanism of combers197126Development of carding machine10453Differential motion, action of plate wheel in244162Differential motion, Curtis and Rhodes’247164Differential motion, mode of driving plate wheel246163Differential motion of roving machines243161Differential motion, relative velocity of plate wheel246164Differential motion, theory of244162Differential motion, Tweedale’s248165Dirt roller of carding engine11156Dobson and Barlow’s bale breaker3419Dobson and Barlow’s combing machine202130Dobson and Barlow’s covers for carding engines14582Dobson and Barlow’s detaching mechanism202133Dobson and Barlow’s governing motion354225Dobson and Barlow’s nosing motion353223Dobson and Barlow’s opening machine4725Dobson and Barlow’s revolving flat card12569Dobson and Barlow’s setting cylinders14885Dobson and Barlow’s under casings14482Dobson and Barlow’s Wellman machine13980Doffer, carding machine10854Doffer, velocity of10854Doffer comb10854Doffing motion for reels394265Double fans in opening machines5228Doubling of laps in scutchers9752Doubling machine384284Doubling winding machine, objects of397271Doubling winding machine, Stubbs’398271Draught of bale breaker3018Draught of carding machine15286Draught in drawing machine211141Draught, effect of211141Draught of machines, definition2918Draught of scutching machine9852Draught of scutching where occurring10152Drawing machine, arrangement of sliver cans215143Drawing machine, Brooks’ stop motion219144Drawing machine, centres of rollers210141Drawing machine, clearers for212142Drawing machine, construction of208137Drawing machine, deliveries of208137Drawing machine, Dobson and Barlow’s, clearer for212142Drawing machine, draughts in211141Drawing machine, driving rollers of209138Drawing machine, doubling of slivers in215143Drawing machine, effect of doubling in216143Drawing machine, effect of staple210141Drawing machine, Ermen’s revolving clearer212142Drawing machine, essential features in214142Drawing machine, Howard and Bullough’s electric stop motion223145Drawing machine, Leigh’s loose boss rollers208138Drawing machine, number of doublings216143Drawing machine, number of doublings permissible217144Drawing machine, objects of207137Drawing machine, Platt’s full can stop motion221145Drawing machine, reasons for stop motion219144Drawing machine, rollers for208138Drawing machine, roller laps212142Drawing machine, roller relieving motion213142Drawing machine, size of rollers224146Drawing machine, slubs212142Drawing machine, velocity of rollers209138Drawing machine, velocity of rollers224146Driving, Ashworth’s, of carding machine14984Driving belts, speed of1310Driving bobbins of roving machine232153Driving carding engines14684Driving rollers and clearers11360Driving rollers of roving machine231152Driving ropes, size and speed of1410Driving, spindles of roving machine231152Dronsfield’s emery fillets176109Dronsfield’s roller covering machine409284Dub’s governing motion356226Duplex driving of mules287188Dust trunks, construction of6432Dust trunks, Platt Brothers6533Dust trunks, position of6432Dust trunks, use of6332EEarly inventions15Edge’s flat grinding apparatus182131Egyptian cotton1913Elephant opener2816Engines, steam, types of118Ermen’s revolving clearer212142Essential features of drawing frames214142Extent of machine making trade35FFans in opening machine5228Feed motion dish for carding engine10654Feed motion dish for carding engine14381Feed motion, Lord’s piano8242Feed motion, cones in scutching8443Feed motion, velocity of cones in scutching8342Feed rollers, draught of9852Feed rollers, drawing action of8544Feed rollers, scutcher8544Feeding carding machines10553Feeding scutching machines from laps9551Fibres, position in fleece15388Fillets attaching to cylinders16496Fillets attaching to flats166101Fillets, Dronsfield’s emery176109Fillets, foundation for card15491Fillets, manufacture of card15591Fillets, Platt’s fastener for169105Fillets, preparation of16496Fillets, setting teeth in15692Fillets, Tweedale’s clip for card168102Fillets, winding on16596Fillets, Whiteley’s clip for card166101Flats, adjustment of heel in11762Flats, attaching chain to12368Flats, attaching clothing to166101Flats, Brooks’ adjustment of13177Flats, character of working setting13378Flats, construction of11661Flats, deflection of167102Flats, Edge’s grinding apparatus for182113Flats, Hetherington’s grinding apparatus for181112Flats, Higginson’s grinding apparatus for183114Flats, Knowles’ grinding apparatus for180111Flats, number of11561Flats, Platt’s grinding apparatus184116Flats, Platt’s inspecting device for13779Flats, shaping11661Flats, setting13277Flats, setting, Wellman14080Flats, testing heel of11762Flyers, attachment of pressers to228148Flyers, construction of roving227148Flyers, lead of240158Flyers, retardation of240157GGassing machine399272Gauge of spindles in roving machines227148Gin, cotton2415Gin, Macarthy cotton2515Grids, Howard and Bullough’s air bars for7438Grids, pitch of projections on6032Grids, position in opening machine5931Grids, position in scutching machine7237Grids, shape of opening machine5630Grids, setting bars in7338Grinding, defects of side16094Grinding, desirability of light16395Grinding, Horsfall roller for177109Grinding, improved side16295Grinding, principles of flat179110Grinding, roller brackets for178110Grinding, roller186117Grinding, side15994Grinding, slow speed of cylinder during170105Grinding, striation of teeth16194Grinding, Wellman flat187118HHank, definition of387257Hank, roving calculation of387257Heating of mills1511Heilmann combing machine195122Hetherington’s flat-grinding apparatus181112Hetherington’s Heilmann comber195122Hetherington’s mule352222Hetherington’s production of mule. . .233Hetherington’s setting of flexible bend12166Hetherington’s slow motion172106Hetherington’s trueing apparatus for card12166Higgins’ spindle bearing230152Higginson’s flat grinding apparatus183114Holding-out catch309199Horsfall grinding roller177109Howard and Bullough’s air bars7438Howard and Bullough’s carding engine12770Howard and Bullough’s clip for fillets168102Howard and Bullough’s differential motion248165Howard and Bullough’s electric stop motion223145Howard and Bullough’s electric stop motion263174Howard and Bullough’s production of ring frame. . .259Howard and Bullough’s weft ring frame382253Humidity of mills1510IImportance of cleanliness1611Importance of efficient carding190119Importance of stripping cards188118Imbs’ combing machine205135Inclination of carding roller teeth11256Inclination of spindle in mule280183Increase in production of machine46Indian cotton2213Indicators for mules417292Indicators for slubbing machines417294JJack frame225147Jack shaft241158Jacking361231KKnowles’ revolving flat carding engine12873Knowles’ slow motion175108Knowles and Tatham’s grinding apparatus180111LLap attachment to scutching machine6735Lap, doubling of9752Lap, effect of licker-in on14382Lap, feeding on scutching machine9551Lap, feeding on carding engine10553Lap, selvedges of9952Lap, weight and hank of10052Leaf extractor, Crighton’s7740Leigh’s flexible bend11965Leigh’s loose boss top roller208138Licker-in, action of15085Licker-in, construction of10654Licker-in, setting of13679Licker-in, teeth of15793Lift of roving bobbins233154Lift, amount of233154Lift, reversal of254171Lift, ring rail367236Lift, shortening of roving frame235155Locking lever in mule305196Long collar, Mason’s229152Long lever in mule290189Lord Brothers’ opening machine5831Lord Brothers’ piano feed motion8242Lord Brothers’ scutching machine6835Lord Brothers’ velocity of opening beaters5831MMachine making industry, employment in35Machinery, productive power of46Main driving of mills129Margin between yarn and cotton56Mason’s long collars229152Methods, earlier, of machine construction25Methods, earlier, of machine construction77Methods, modern, of machine construction87Mill, cost of67Mill, construction of modern108Mixing arrangements3520Mixing by machine3721Mixing, principles of3621Mixing, staples of cottons in3822Moisture in cotton2716Mote knives, position and setting14482Mule264176Mule, back shaft driving of284184Mule, back shaft clutch teeth of284187Mule, back shaft disengagement of clutch293190Mule, back shaft scrolls on284187Mule, backing-off, driving of wheel282184Mule, backing-off, effect of282184Mule, backing-off, engagement of clutch299193Mule, backing-off, operation of270177Mule, backing-off, rotation of wheel296190Mule, backing-off, release of clutch312200Mule, backing-off, release of lever301194Mule, backing-off, compression of spring300193Mule, backing-off, tightening motion of chain307198Mule, bands attaching to end frames284187Mule, cam shaft effects, first half turn292190Mule, cam shaft effects, second half turn345218Mule, cam shaft, position of cams on291189Mule, cam shaft, position of ordinary350220Mule, click motion, description of341217Mule, click motion, defects of old342217Mule, click motion, holding out rod, and343217Mule carriage, angularity of yarn during traverse of360229Mule carriage, connection with square278183Mule carriage, construction of278183Mule carriage, extent of traverse of269177Mule carriage, gain of288189Mule carriage, reciprocal motion of269177Mule carriage, relation of rollers to276180Mule cop, chase of317203Mule cop, form of316202Mule cop, layers of yarn in317203Mule cop, paper tubes for316202Mule cop, position of nose of306197Mule copping motion, action of322205Mule copping motion, loose rail in321205Mule copping motion, object of rail308199Mule copping motion, theory of319203Mule copping motion, traverse of plates in320204Mule, Curtis’358228Mule, driving arrangement of bands for281183Mule, driving, back shaft284184Mule, driving, dimensions of pulleys for281183Mule, driving, duplex287188Mule, driving, duplex, dimensions of pulleys for287188Mule, driving, gear of taking-in shaft285187Mule, driving, improved, for taking-in side shaft286188Mule, driving rollers from rim shaft283184Mule, driving scroll shaft285187Mule, driving spindles280183Mule fallers, action of303194Mule fallers, actuating mechanism of winding305196Mule fallers, construction and position of303194Mule fallers, difference in upward and downward traverse of317203Mule fallers, position of winding before unlocking346218Mule fallers, regulating mechanism of counter304195Mule fallers, regulation of unlocking winding346219Mule fallers, release of strain on rods347219Mule, fine yarn361230Mule governing, action of motion338216Mule governing, amount required340216Mule governing, construction of motion337215Mule governing, Dobson and Barlow’s motion354225Mule governing, Dub’s motion356226Mule governing, necessity for336214Mule governing, release of motion339216Mule, Hetherington’s352222Mule, holding out catch mechanism of309199Mule, holding out position during backing-off310200Mule, holding out catch release of313201Mule, holding out rod effect on click motion343217Mule, jacking motion361231Mule, long lever290189Mule, locking lever, position of305196Mule, locking point, relation to cop nose306197Mule, locking taking-in friction309200Mule, Mendoza lever351221Mule, Mendoza locking352222Mule nosing motion, Dobson and Hardman’s353223Mule nosing motion, Platt’s333213Mule nosing peg332213Mule, Platt’s reasons for selecting275179Mule, production of, 1835-189046Mule production, tables of. . .233Mule, primary parts of266176Mule, regulation of releasing motions314201Mule rim shaft, driving bands on281183Mule rim shaft, driving back shaft from284184Mule rim shaft, driving rollers from283184Mule rim shaft, reversal of302194Mule rim shaft, velocity of286188Mule rollers, action of267177Mule rollers, construction of277180Mule rollers, driving of283184Mule rollers, disengagement of clutch294190Mule rollers, engagement of clutch345218Mule scroll, diameters of315202Mule scroll, connection with back shaft315202Mule scroll, driving of shaft285187Mule scroll, position of, on back shaft284189Mule scroll, position of check315202Mule scroll, revolution of shaft315201Mule spindles, attaching roving to268177Mule spindles, construction of280183Mule spindles, dimensions of280183Mule spindles, effect of taper of324206Mule spindles, fitting bands on280183Mule, number of spindles on46Mule, reversal of spindles302194Mule, velocity of spindles280183Mule spinning, definition of spinning264176Mule, stages in working of272178Mule stages, definition of272178Mule stages, end of first289189Mule stages, end of second295190Mule stages, end of third311200Mule stages, end of fourth344218Mule stages, end of fifth288188Mule stages, end of fifth345218Mule stages, end of sixth273179Mule stages, varying operation of parts during274179Mule strap guide, lever mechanism of297193Mule strap guide, mode of releasing298193Mule strap guide, release of295190Mule strap guide, re-locking, &c.345218Mule, taking-in, action of back shaft during315202Mule, taking-in, locking of clutch309200Mule, taking-in, position of clutch during backing off310200Mule, taking-in, release of clutch313201Mule, taking-in, speed of carriage during315202Mule, Threlfall’s fine362231Mule, twist yarn produced363232Mule, tin roller, construction of279183Mule, tin roller, driving of331212Mule winding, action at end of271178Mule winding, acceleration of velocity during329210Mule winding, application of theory329210Mule winding, connection of chain with tin roller331212Mule winding, construction of quadrant mechanism330210Mule winding, chain tightening motion333213Mule winding, chain rewinding on scroll348219Mule winding, difference in velocity of323206Mule winding, effect of taper of spindle on324206Mule winding, elevation of initial point of318203Mule winding, mode of rotating quadrant screw335214Mule winding, position of parts during271177Mule winding, theory of325208Mule winding, theory of action of quadrant arm328209Mule, weft yarn363232Mule, waste spinning364232NNeps, removal of15085Nipper guard201130Nipper, Dobson and Barlow’s203134Nosing motion, Dobson and Barlow’s353223Nosing motion, Platt’s333213Nosing peg332213Number of doublings in drawing216143Number of persons employed36Number of roving machines for various counts225147Number of spindles at work35OOpening, conditions of, successful4223Opening, mode of4123Opening, object of4023Opening machine, combination with mixing room6332Opening machine, construction of dust trunks for6432Opening machine, conveyance of cotton to6332Opening machine, Crighton’s5329Opening machine, Dobson and Barlow’s4725Opening machine, distance between beater arms and grid5931Opening machine, double fans in5228Opening machine, essential features of4323Opening machine, forms of4424Opening machine, Lord Brothers’ combined5831Opening machine, lubrication of footstep in5731Opening machine, pitch of projections on grid6032Opening machine, Platt’s5228Opening machine, Platt’s improved dust trunks for6533Opening machine, porcupine rollers for4826Opening machine, porcupine position and speed of4927Opening machine, porcupine used as feed5027Opening machine, position of dust trunks6432Opening machine, position of fans5429Opening machine, production of Crighton5932Opening machine, shape of grids5630Opening machines, Taylor, Lang and Co.’s4624Opening machines, velocity of beaters in5530Opening machines, velocity of beaters in Lord’s5831Operation of twist wheel in roving machine241158PPaley’s traverse motion261173Parallelisation of fibres in carding15186Persons employed35Pedal motion, Asa Lees9147Pedal motion, Howard and Bullough’s8644Pedal motion, Platt’s8846Pedal motion, Lord’s8242Pedal motion, operation of8443Pedal motion, with rollers8544Pinel. Lecœur, and Hetherington’s combing machine205135Pitch of drawing frame rollers210141Plate wheel, action of244162Plate wheel, driving of246163Plate wheel, relative velocity of246164Platt’s carding machine12267Platt’s dust trunks6533Platt’s flat grinding apparatus184116Platt’s flexible bend setting12267Platt’s full can stop motion221145Platt’s inspection of carding setting13779Platt’s mule275169Platt’s opening machine5228Platt’s scutching machine8846Pneumatic conveyance of cotton6232Polishing machines for thread402274Porcupine rollers, construction of4826Porcupine rollers, position and speed of4927Porcupine rollers used as feed5027Preparation of card fillets16496Preparation of card slivers192120Principles of flat grinding179111Principles of mixing3621Principles of setting card teeth15893Principles of twisting234154Production of mule spindles, 1835-9046Production, tables of mule. . .233Production of polishing machines402274Production of roving machines. . .175Production of spooling machines403281Productive power of machinery46Pugh’s under-clearer spring226148QQuick traverse winding machines, Brooks’401273Quick traverse, Dobson and Barlow401273Quick traverse, Hetherington’s401273RReeling machines, construction of390262Reeling machines, doffing motions394266Reeling machines, formation of hanks on391265Reeling machines, Guest and Brooks’ skeining motion395266Reeling machines, seven lea motion392265Ribbon lap machine194121Rigidity of machine framing87Ring doubling machine, English system384284Ring doubling machine, manufacture of thread on385257Ring doubling machine, Scotch system384254Ring spinning machine, angularity of roller brackets370240Ring spinning machine, Asa Lees’ rope driving383254Ring spinning machine, ballooning in378248Ring spinning machine, balloon guards378249Ring spinning machine, Bee spindle374246Ring spinning machine, Bernhardt’s anti-balloon guide378249Ring spinning machine, Booth Sawyer spindle371241Ring spinning machine, centrifugal action of traveller377248Ring spinning machine, common spindle371240Ring spinning machine, construction of367234Ring spinning machine, concentricity of ring and spindle371240Ring spinning machine, Coulthard’s double ring375246Ring spinning machine, definition of ring spinning366234Ring spinning machine, diameter of rings375246Ring spinning machine, diameter of front rollers383254Ring spinning machine, differential drag of traveller379250Ring spinning machine, Dobson Marsh spindle372242Ring spinning machine, Dodd spindle374245Ring spinning machine, early use of368239Ring spinning machine, effect of weight of traveller378249Ring spinning machine, elastic spindles373242Ring spinning machine, form of travellers for bare spindles381252Ring spinning machine, frictional resistance of traveller377248Ring spinning machine, gauge of spindles383254Ring spinning machine, Howard and Bullough’s weft382253Ring spinning machine, influence of weight of traveller377248Ring spinning machine, Lancaster’s system of weft381252Ring spinning machine, lift of ring rail367236Ring spinning machine, lift of spindles383254Ring spinning machine, loss of twist in380251Ring spinning machine, manufacture of rings375246Ring spinning machine, Platt’s bare spindle382252Ring spinning machine, Rabbeth spindle372241Ring spinning machine, self-contained spindles372241Ring spinning machine, spinning on bare spindles379250Ring spinning machine, tables of production. . .259Ring spinning machine, tables of power. . .260Ring spinning machine, unsteady running spindles373242Ring spinning machine, velocity of spindles373242Ring spinning machine, Whitin gravity spindles374242Rollers, bale breaker3319Rollers, calender10955Rollers, cloth pasting machine407282Rollers, construction of406282Rollers, covering machines for409284Rollers, drawing frame208138Rollers, ending machines for409284Rollers, grinding186117Rollers, grinding machines for finished411287Rollers, grinding machine for skins408283Rollers, inclination of teeth on11360Rollers, jointing of406282Rollers, pitch of centres of210141Rollers, relieving motion for213142Rollers, rolling machine for410284Rollers, size of224146Rollers, splicing machine for408283Rollers, velocity of209138Rollers, velocity of224146Ropes, speed of driving1310Rope driving1310Rope driving for scutchers, Asa Lees’9148Rope driving for scutchers, Platt’s8745Roving machines, action of building motion252168Roving machines, action of plate wheel244162Roving machines, action of ratchet wheel257171Roving machines, amount of lift233154Roving machines, building motion for250166Roving machines, clearers for226148Roving machines, construction of226147Roving machines, construction of building motion251167Roving machines, construction of collars229152Roving machines, construction of differential motion243161Roving machines, construction of speed cones249166Roving machines, construction of spindles227148Roving machines, cone motion for242158Roving machines, Curtis and Rhodes’ motion247164Roving machines, definition of lead in237156Roving machines, difference in bobbin and flyer leads240158Roving machines, effect of winding in235155Roving machines, effect of diminishing rod255171Roving machines, effect of ratchet wheel change259172Roving machines, Higgins’ bearing for spindles of230152Roving machines, Howard and Bullough’s electric stop motion263174Roving machines, jack frame225147Roving machines, locking motion260173Roving machines, Mason’s long collar229152Roving machines, method of driving bobbins232153Roving machines, method of giving lift233154Roving machines, method of driving spindles and rollers241158Roving machines, method of driving plate wheel246163Roving machines, necessity for225147Roving machines, necessity for retardation of bobbin238157Roving machines, number employed225147Roving machines, number of rollers in226147Roving machines, object of building motion250166Roving machines, object of creel226148Roving machines, operation of twist wheel241158Roving machines, Paley’s traverse motion261173Roving machines, principles of reducing bobbin speed239157Roving machines, principles of reducing flyer speed240157Roving machines, twisting234154Roving machines, winding236155Roving machine, Pugh’s under-clearer for226148Roving machine, pressers attachment of228148Roving machine, reasons for bobbin lead237156Roving machine, releasing motion256171Roving machine, relation of strap and diminishing rod258172Roving machine, relative velocity of plate wheel246164Roving machine, reversal of lift254171Roving machine, setting of spindles227148Roving machine, shape of speed cones249166Roving machine, shortening of lift in235155Roving machine, size of rollers226148Roving machine, spindle speeds234155Roving machine, table of production. . .175Roving machine, theory of action of differential motion244162Roving machine, Tweedale’s differential motion248165Roving machine, velocity of wheels246164Roving machine, weighting of rollers226148SScutching machine, Asa Lees’ pedal motion9147Scutching machine, Asa Lees’ rope driving9248Scutching machine, character of beater blow6937Scutching machine, combinations of9348Scutching machine combined with mixing9350Scutching machine, conditions of successful working9451Scutching machine, construction of air passages7941Scutching machine, construction of beaters6836Scutching machine, construction of feed rollers and pedals8544Scutching machine, Crighton’s cages7639Scutching machine, Crighton’s leaf extractor7740Scutching machine, distance of dead plate from beater sheet7739Scutching machine, Dobson and Barlow’s pedal motion9047Scutching machine, doubling of laps in feeding9752Scutching machine, draught of9852Scutching machine, drawing action of rollers8544Scutching machine, effect of dead plate on air current8041Scutching machine, Howard and Bullough’s airbars7438Scutching machine, Howard and Bullough’s pedal bowls8644Scutching machine, importance of balancing beaters6836Scutching machine, lap attachment6735Scutching machine, lap feeding of9551Scutching machine, lap even selvedge of9952Scutching machine, lap weight and hank of10052Scutching machine, Lord’s6835Scutching machine, Lord’s piano feed8242Scutching machine, number of workpeople required for10252Scutching machine, object of6635Scutching machine, operation of piano feed8443Scutching machine, Platt’s dead plate8141Scutching machine, Platt’s pedal motion8846Scutching machine, Platt’s rope driving8745Scutching machine, position of grids7237Scutching machine, position of dead plate7539Scutching machine, pulsations of beater7037Scutching machine, setting of grid bars7338Scutching machine, two or three winged beaters6936Scutching machine, velocity of air current7840Scutching machine, velocity of beaters6936Scutching machine, velocity of cones8342Sea Island cotton1813Selvedges in carding12066Selvedge, opener5228Selvedge, scutcher9952Setting brackets for rollers11360Setting card covers14582Setting card cylinders12974Setting card pedestals14885Setting, character of card13378Setting, effect of Wellman flats14181Setting flats13277Setting flats, theory of1864Setting flats, Wellman14081Setting flexible bend11965Setting licker-in and doffer13679Setting mote knives14182Setting, Platt’s inspection of13779Setting teeth in clothing15692Setting under casings14482Seven lea motion392265Shape of card teeth15994Shortening lift in roving machines235155Side grinding of card teeth15994Side grinding, defects of16094Side grinding, improved16295Side grinding, striation of teeth by16194Size of driving rollers224146Size of driving ropes1410Size of roving rollers226148Skeining motion395266Slivers, definition of10855Slivers, doubling of193121Slivers, doubling of215143Slivers, cans for405282Sliver lap machine193121Slow motion, Sykes’171105Slow motion, Hetherington’s172106Slow motion, Brooks’174107Slow motion, Knowles’175108Slubbing machine225147Slubs, production of212142Speed cones, construction of249166Speed cones, shape of249166Speed of combing machine200129Speed of belts and ropes1310Speed of roving spindles234155Spindles, comparative speed of98Spindles, construction of roving227148Spindles, number at work35Spindles, setting of227148Spooling machine403278Spooling, production of403281Standard Spinning Co’s Mill. . .298Staple, definition of1712Staple, effect in drawing210141Starch pump415295Steam engines, types of118Stop motion drawing frame219144Stop motion winding frame398271Stripping, method of189119TTable of production of roving frame. . .175Table of production of mule. . .233Table of production of ring frame. . .259Tables of power for ring frame. . .260Taylor Lang’s opening machine4624Teeth, carding, setting of15692Teeth, carding, licker in15793Teeth, carding, principles of setting15893Teeth, carding, side grinding16094Testing flexible bend11965Testing heel in flats11762Theisen’s condenser119Theory of differential motion244162Theory of mule winding325208Transmission of power by belts129Transmission, loss in1310Twist in yarn, rule387258Twist wheel in roving frames241158UUnder casings for carding machine14482Under clearer for roving machine226148VVelocity of beater in opener5530Velocity of beater in scutcher6936Velocity of carding cylinders10754Velocity of carding cylinders during grinding170105Velocity of doffer10854Velocity of doffer comb10854Velocity of main driving belts1310Velocity of main driving ropes1310Velocity of porcupine cylinders4927Velocity of rollers of drawing frame209138Velocity of rollers of ring frame. . .259Velocity of spindles in roving machines234155Velocity of spindles in mule280183Velocity of spindles in ring frame373242Velocity of wheels in differential246164WWaste from combing machine206136Wellman carding machine13879Width of lap for combing machine194121Whiteley’s clip166101Whiteley’s fillet winding machine16596Whiteley’s side-ground teeth16295Willow, The4524Workpeople employed in machine making35Wrap reel415294YYarn, counts of387257Yarn testers416292

Acceleration of winding velocity in mule

Action of building motion in roving machines

Action of building ratchet wheel in roving machines

Action of combing machine

Action of copping mechanism

Action of mule at end of draw

Action of fallers in mule

Action of plate wheel in roving machines

Action of rollers of mule

Advantages of rotation of backing-off wheel

Air current, conveyance of cotton by

Air current, effect of passages on

Air current in scutchers, velocity of

American cotton

Amount of lift in roving machines

Angularity of brackets in ring frames

Angularity of thread in mules

Asa Lees and Company’s rope driving for ring frames

Asa Lees and Company’s rope driving for scutchers

Ashworth Brothers’ cylinder setting

Ashworth Brothers’ cylinder driving

Ashworth Brothers’ revolving flat carding machine

Attachment of cards to cylinders and doffers

Attachment of cards to flats by rivets

Attachment of cards to flats by sewing

Attachment of cards to flats by clips

Attachment of carriage end frame bands

Attachment of pressers

Attachment of roving to mule spindles

Back shaft connection with scroll shaft

Back shaft connection of quadrant with

Back shaft clutch, shape of teeth

Back shaft clutch, disengagement of

Back shaft, driving of

Back shaft, driving of, ordinary method

Back shaft, position of scrolls

Backing-off chain, tightening motion

Backing-off clutch, engagement of

Backing-off clutch, release of

Backing-off, compression of spring

Backing-off, constant rotation of wheel

Backing-off, driving of wheel

Backing-off, effect of driving wheel

Backing-off lever, release of

Backing-off, operation of

Backing-off, holding out catch during

Backing-off, parts at end of

Bale breaker

Bale breaker, construction of rollers

Bale breaker, Dobson and Barlow’s

Bale breaker, draught of

Baling of cotton

Balling machines

Bands, check

Bands, tension of spindle

Bands, mule end frame

Bands, course of rim

Beaters, balancing scutcher

Beaters, blow of

Beaters, construction of scutcher

Beaters, space between grid and arms of

Beaters, pulsations of

Beaters, two and three winged

Beaters, velocity of opener

Beaters, velocity of Lord’s opener

Beaters, velocity of scutcher

Bearings, Higgins’ roving spindle

Belts, main driving speeds

Bend, Mason’s concentric

Bend, Dobson and Barlow’s

Bend, easy adjustment of flexible

Bend, Hetherington’s setting of

Bend, Hetherington’s trueing of

Bend, Howard and Bullough’s

Bend, Knowles’

Bend, Legh’s flexible

Bend, Platt’s flexible

Bend, Platt’s inspection of setting of

Bend, position of flexible

Bend, setting brackets for

Bend, setting flexible

Bend, theory of flexible

Bobbins, coated

Bobbins, doubling and throstle

Bobbins, driving roving

Bobbins, lead, reasons for

Bobbins, lift of

Bobbins and flyer leads

Bobbins, principle of driving roving

Bobbins, retardation of roving

Bobbins, ring frame

Bobbins, roving

Bobbins, Sidebotham’s patent

Brazilian cotton

Brooks’ adjustment of flats in card

Brooks’ drawing machine

Brooks’ ring spinning machine

Brooks’ revolving flat card

Brooks’ slow motion for card

Building motion, action of

Building motion, construction of

Building motion, objects of

Building motion, reversal of lift by

Building motion, roving frame

Bundling press

Cages, Crighton’s construction of

Cages, position of

Calender rollers of carding engines

Calculation of counts

Calculation of hank roving

Cam shaft, effect of first half turn of

Cam shaft, effect of second half turn of

Cam shaft, ordinary position of

Cam shaft, position of cams on

Cans, arrangement in drawing machine

Cans, Bridge’s corrugated

Cans, Platt’s full stop motion

Cans, position in coiler

Cans, sliver

Carding, importance of

Card clothing, attachment to flats by rivets

Card clothing, attachment to flats by sewing

Card clothing, attachment to flats by clips

Card clothing, attachment to flats by Platt’s clip

Card clothing, construction of foundation

Card clothing, counts of wire

Card clothing, counts used

Card clothing, defects of side grinding

Card clothing, deflection of flats

Card clothing, desirability of light grinding

Card clothing, improved side grinding

Card clothing, machine for winding fillets

Card clothing, manufacture of fillets

Card clothing, mode of attaching fillets

Card clothing, Platt’s fastener for

Card clothing, preparation before fixing

Card clothing, principles of setting

Card clothing, setting teeth

Card clothing, shape of teeth

Card clothing, side grinding of teeth

Card clothing, striation of teeth

Card clothing, teeth of licker-in

Card clothing, Tweedale’s clip for

Card grinding, best speed of cylinder

Card grinding, Brooks’ slow motion for

Card grinding, construction of brackets

Card grinding, Dronsfield’s emery fillets

Card grinding, Edge’s flat apparatus

Card grinding, Hetherington’s flat apparatus

Card grinding, Hetherington’s slow motion

Card grinding, Higginson’s flat apparatus

Card grinding, Horsfall roller

Card grinding, Knowles’ and Tatham’s flat apparatus

Card grinding, Knowles’ slow motion

Card grinding, machine for rollers

Card grinding, machine for Wellman flats

Card grinding, Platt’s flat apparatus

Card grinding, principles of flat

Card grinding, rollers used in

Card grinding, Sykes’ slow motion

Carding machine, action of cylinder

Carding machine, action of licker-in

Carding machine, Ashworth’s

Carding machine, Ashworth’s cylinder setting

Carding machine, Ashworth’s driving

Carding machine, Ashworth’s setting of pedestals

Carding machine, attenuation of fleece

Carding machine, Brook’s

Carding machine, Brook’s adjustment of flats

Carding machine, condition of fibres

Carding machine, construction of bend

Carding machine, construction of calender rolls

Carding machine, construction of coiler

Carding machine, construction of cylinder

Carding machine, construction of dish feed

Carding machine, construction of doffer

Carding machine, construction of doffer comb

Carding machine, construction of licker-in

Carding machine, construction of pedestals

Carding machine, construction of setting brackets

Carding machine, construction theory of bend

Carding machine, character of working settings

Carding machine, development of

Carding machine, Dobson and Barlow’s

Carding machine, Dobson and Barlow’s covers for

Carding machine, Dobson and Barlow’s pedestal setting

Carding machine, driving of parts of

Carding machine, driving of rollers

Carding machine, ease of flexible bend adjustment

Carding machine, effect of licker-in

Carding machine, feeding laps

Carding machine, Hetherington’s setting of bend

Carding machine, Hetherington’s trueing apparatus

Carding machine, Howard and Bullough’s

Carding machine, Howard and Bullough’s pedestal setting

Carding machine, inclination of teeth on rollers

Carding machine, Knowles’s

Carding machine, Leigh’s flexible bend

Carding machine, method of setting flats

Carding machine, movement of cylinder centre

Carding machine, object of

Carding machine, Platt’s bend setting

Carding machine, Platt’s inspection of setting

Carding machine, position of chain attachment

Carding machine, position of flexible bend

Carding machine, position of mote knives

Carding machine, position of under casings

Carding machine, removal of neps and short fibre

Carding machine, revolving flat

Carding machine, revolving, adjusting heel of flats

Carding machine, revolving, construction of flats

Carding machine, revolving, mode of shaping flats

Carding machine, revolving, number of flats

Carding machine, revolving, testing flats

Carding machine, roller and clearer

Carding machine, roller dirt stripper

Carding machine, setting flexible bend

Carding machine, setting licker-in and doffer

Carding machine, ultimate draught

Carding machine, velocity of cylinder

Carding machine, velocity of doffer

Carding machine, velocity of doffer comb

Carding machine, velocity of rollers

Carding machine, velocity of Wellman

Carding machine, Wellman

Carding machine, Wellman, Dobson, and Barlow’s

Carding machine, Wellman, effect of setting of flats

Carding machine, Wellman, future of

Carding machine, Wellman, principles of

Carding machine, Wellman, setting flats of

Card stripping, importance of

Card stripping, method of

Card stripping, reasons for

Capital employed in spinning

Carriage of mule, connection with square

Carriage of mule, construction of

Carriage of mule, gain of

Carriage of mule, improved slips for

Carriage of mule, reciprocal motion of

Chain attachment to flats

Chain, backing-off tightening

Chain, winding

Chain, winding tightening motion

Cleanliness, importance of

Clearers for drawing frames

Clearers, Dobson and Barlow’s

Clearers, Ermen’s revolving

Clearers, roving frames

Clearers, rollers of carding engines

Click motion

Click motion, defects of old

Click motion, holding out rod and

Coiler, construction of

Collars, Mason’s long

Combined opening machines, Dobson and Barlow’s

Combined opening machines, Platt’s

Combined opening machines, Lord’s

Combined mixing, opening, and scutching

Combined opening and scutching

Combing machine, action of

Combing machine, combing cylinder

Combing machine, detaching mechanism

Combing machine, Dobson and Barlow’s

Combing machine, Imbs’

Combing machine, nippers of, Dobson & Barlow’s

Combing machine, nipper guard

Combing machine, preparation of sliver for

Combing machine, Pinel, Lecœur, & Hetherington’s

Combing machine, speed of

Combing machine, waste from

Comparative spindle speeds

Condenser, Theisen’s patent

Cones, Asa Lees’ driving for

Cones, Platt’s driving for

Cones, roving frame

Cones, scutching machine velocity

Cones, shape of

Cones, speed

Construction of combing cylinder

Construction of drawing machine

Construction of roving frames

Constructive methods, early

Constructive methods, modern

Cops, chase of

Cops, form of

Cops, layers of yarn in

Cops, paper tubes for

Cops, winding traverse in building

Copping motion, action of

Copping motion, loose copping rail

Copping motion, object of rail

Copping motion, theory of

Copping motion, traverse of plates

Cotton, American

Cotton, Brazilian

Cotton, cleaning of

Cotton, commercial qualities

Cotton, Egyptian

Cotton gin

Cotton, Indian

Cotton, mixing

Cotton, Sea Island

Cotton fibre, structure of

Cotton fibre, strength of

Cotton mill, cost of

Cotton, pneumatic conveyance of

Cotton spinning industry

Counts of yarn, definition of

Counts of wire, how calculated

Counts of wire commonly used

Creel, roving machine

Crighton opening machine

Crighton opening, combined

Crighton opening, double

Crighton opening, distance of grids

Crighton opening, lubrication of footsteps

Crighton opening, position of fans

Crighton opening, production of

Crighton opening, shape of grids

Curtis and Rhodes’ differential motion

Curtis’ mule

Dead plate in scutching machine

Dead plate, effect of position of

Dead plate, Platt’s arrangement of

Dead plate, position of

Definition of lead

Deflection of flats

Detaching mechanism of combers

Development of carding machine

Differential motion, action of plate wheel in

Differential motion, Curtis and Rhodes’

Differential motion, mode of driving plate wheel

Differential motion of roving machines

Differential motion, relative velocity of plate wheel

Differential motion, theory of

Differential motion, Tweedale’s

Dirt roller of carding engine

Dobson and Barlow’s bale breaker

Dobson and Barlow’s combing machine

Dobson and Barlow’s covers for carding engines

Dobson and Barlow’s detaching mechanism

Dobson and Barlow’s governing motion

Dobson and Barlow’s nosing motion

Dobson and Barlow’s opening machine

Dobson and Barlow’s revolving flat card

Dobson and Barlow’s setting cylinders

Dobson and Barlow’s under casings

Dobson and Barlow’s Wellman machine

Doffer, carding machine

Doffer, velocity of

Doffer comb

Doffing motion for reels

Double fans in opening machines

Doubling of laps in scutchers

Doubling machine

Doubling winding machine, objects of

Doubling winding machine, Stubbs’

Draught of bale breaker

Draught of carding machine

Draught in drawing machine

Draught, effect of

Draught of machines, definition

Draught of scutching machine

Draught of scutching where occurring

Drawing machine, arrangement of sliver cans

Drawing machine, Brooks’ stop motion

Drawing machine, centres of rollers

Drawing machine, clearers for

Drawing machine, construction of

Drawing machine, deliveries of

Drawing machine, Dobson and Barlow’s, clearer for

Drawing machine, draughts in

Drawing machine, driving rollers of

Drawing machine, doubling of slivers in

Drawing machine, effect of doubling in

Drawing machine, effect of staple

Drawing machine, Ermen’s revolving clearer

Drawing machine, essential features in

Drawing machine, Howard and Bullough’s electric stop motion

Drawing machine, Leigh’s loose boss rollers

Drawing machine, number of doublings

Drawing machine, number of doublings permissible

Drawing machine, objects of

Drawing machine, Platt’s full can stop motion

Drawing machine, reasons for stop motion

Drawing machine, rollers for

Drawing machine, roller laps

Drawing machine, roller relieving motion

Drawing machine, size of rollers

Drawing machine, slubs

Drawing machine, velocity of rollers

Drawing machine, velocity of rollers

Driving, Ashworth’s, of carding machine

Driving belts, speed of

Driving bobbins of roving machine

Driving carding engines

Driving rollers and clearers

Driving rollers of roving machine

Driving ropes, size and speed of

Driving, spindles of roving machine

Dronsfield’s emery fillets

Dronsfield’s roller covering machine

Dub’s governing motion

Duplex driving of mules

Dust trunks, construction of

Dust trunks, Platt Brothers

Dust trunks, position of

Dust trunks, use of

Early inventions

Edge’s flat grinding apparatus

Egyptian cotton

Elephant opener

Engines, steam, types of

Ermen’s revolving clearer

Essential features of drawing frames

Extent of machine making trade

Fans in opening machine

Feed motion dish for carding engine

Feed motion dish for carding engine

Feed motion, Lord’s piano

Feed motion, cones in scutching

Feed motion, velocity of cones in scutching

Feed rollers, draught of

Feed rollers, drawing action of

Feed rollers, scutcher

Feeding carding machines

Feeding scutching machines from laps

Fibres, position in fleece

Fillets attaching to cylinders

Fillets attaching to flats

Fillets, Dronsfield’s emery

Fillets, foundation for card

Fillets, manufacture of card

Fillets, Platt’s fastener for

Fillets, preparation of

Fillets, setting teeth in

Fillets, Tweedale’s clip for card

Fillets, winding on

Fillets, Whiteley’s clip for card

Flats, adjustment of heel in

Flats, attaching chain to

Flats, attaching clothing to

Flats, Brooks’ adjustment of

Flats, character of working setting

Flats, construction of

Flats, deflection of

Flats, Edge’s grinding apparatus for

Flats, Hetherington’s grinding apparatus for

Flats, Higginson’s grinding apparatus for

Flats, Knowles’ grinding apparatus for

Flats, number of

Flats, Platt’s grinding apparatus

Flats, Platt’s inspecting device for

Flats, shaping

Flats, setting

Flats, setting, Wellman

Flats, testing heel of

Flyers, attachment of pressers to

Flyers, construction of roving

Flyers, lead of

Flyers, retardation of

Gassing machine

Gauge of spindles in roving machines

Gin, cotton

Gin, Macarthy cotton

Grids, Howard and Bullough’s air bars for

Grids, pitch of projections on

Grids, position in opening machine

Grids, position in scutching machine

Grids, shape of opening machine

Grids, setting bars in

Grinding, defects of side

Grinding, desirability of light

Grinding, Horsfall roller for

Grinding, improved side

Grinding, principles of flat

Grinding, roller brackets for

Grinding, roller

Grinding, side

Grinding, slow speed of cylinder during

Grinding, striation of teeth

Grinding, Wellman flat

Hank, definition of

Hank, roving calculation of

Heating of mills

Heilmann combing machine

Hetherington’s flat-grinding apparatus

Hetherington’s Heilmann comber

Hetherington’s mule

Hetherington’s production of mule

Hetherington’s setting of flexible bend

Hetherington’s slow motion

Hetherington’s trueing apparatus for card

Higgins’ spindle bearing

Higginson’s flat grinding apparatus

Holding-out catch

Horsfall grinding roller

Howard and Bullough’s air bars

Howard and Bullough’s carding engine

Howard and Bullough’s clip for fillets

Howard and Bullough’s differential motion

Howard and Bullough’s electric stop motion

Howard and Bullough’s electric stop motion

Howard and Bullough’s production of ring frame

Howard and Bullough’s weft ring frame

Humidity of mills

Importance of cleanliness

Importance of efficient carding

Importance of stripping cards

Imbs’ combing machine

Inclination of carding roller teeth

Inclination of spindle in mule

Increase in production of machine

Indian cotton

Indicators for mules

Indicators for slubbing machines

Jack frame

Jack shaft

Jacking

Knowles’ revolving flat carding engine

Knowles’ slow motion

Knowles and Tatham’s grinding apparatus

Lap attachment to scutching machine

Lap, doubling of

Lap, effect of licker-in on

Lap, feeding on scutching machine

Lap, feeding on carding engine

Lap, selvedges of

Lap, weight and hank of

Leaf extractor, Crighton’s

Leigh’s flexible bend

Leigh’s loose boss top roller

Licker-in, action of

Licker-in, construction of

Licker-in, setting of

Licker-in, teeth of

Lift of roving bobbins

Lift, amount of

Lift, reversal of

Lift, ring rail

Lift, shortening of roving frame

Locking lever in mule

Long collar, Mason’s

Long lever in mule

Lord Brothers’ opening machine

Lord Brothers’ piano feed motion

Lord Brothers’ scutching machine

Lord Brothers’ velocity of opening beaters

Machine making industry, employment in

Machinery, productive power of

Main driving of mills

Margin between yarn and cotton

Mason’s long collars

Methods, earlier, of machine construction

Methods, earlier, of machine construction

Methods, modern, of machine construction

Mill, cost of

Mill, construction of modern

Mixing arrangements

Mixing by machine

Mixing, principles of

Mixing, staples of cottons in

Moisture in cotton

Mote knives, position and setting

Mule

Mule, back shaft driving of

Mule, back shaft clutch teeth of

Mule, back shaft disengagement of clutch

Mule, back shaft scrolls on

Mule, backing-off, driving of wheel

Mule, backing-off, effect of

Mule, backing-off, engagement of clutch

Mule, backing-off, operation of

Mule, backing-off, rotation of wheel

Mule, backing-off, release of clutch

Mule, backing-off, release of lever

Mule, backing-off, compression of spring

Mule, backing-off, tightening motion of chain

Mule, bands attaching to end frames

Mule, cam shaft effects, first half turn

Mule, cam shaft effects, second half turn

Mule, cam shaft, position of cams on

Mule, cam shaft, position of ordinary

Mule, click motion, description of

Mule, click motion, defects of old

Mule, click motion, holding out rod, and

Mule carriage, angularity of yarn during traverse of

Mule carriage, connection with square

Mule carriage, construction of

Mule carriage, extent of traverse of

Mule carriage, gain of

Mule carriage, reciprocal motion of

Mule carriage, relation of rollers to

Mule cop, chase of

Mule cop, form of

Mule cop, layers of yarn in

Mule cop, paper tubes for

Mule cop, position of nose of

Mule copping motion, action of

Mule copping motion, loose rail in

Mule copping motion, object of rail

Mule copping motion, theory of

Mule copping motion, traverse of plates in

Mule, Curtis’

Mule, driving arrangement of bands for

Mule, driving, back shaft

Mule, driving, dimensions of pulleys for

Mule, driving, duplex

Mule, driving, duplex, dimensions of pulleys for

Mule, driving, gear of taking-in shaft

Mule, driving, improved, for taking-in side shaft

Mule, driving rollers from rim shaft

Mule, driving scroll shaft

Mule, driving spindles

Mule fallers, action of

Mule fallers, actuating mechanism of winding

Mule fallers, construction and position of

Mule fallers, difference in upward and downward traverse of

Mule fallers, position of winding before unlocking

Mule fallers, regulating mechanism of counter

Mule fallers, regulation of unlocking winding

Mule fallers, release of strain on rods

Mule, fine yarn

Mule governing, action of motion

Mule governing, amount required

Mule governing, construction of motion

Mule governing, Dobson and Barlow’s motion

Mule governing, Dub’s motion

Mule governing, necessity for

Mule governing, release of motion

Mule, Hetherington’s

Mule, holding out catch mechanism of

Mule, holding out position during backing-off

Mule, holding out catch release of

Mule, holding out rod effect on click motion

Mule, jacking motion

Mule, long lever

Mule, locking lever, position of

Mule, locking point, relation to cop nose

Mule, locking taking-in friction

Mule, Mendoza lever

Mule, Mendoza locking

Mule nosing motion, Dobson and Hardman’s

Mule nosing motion, Platt’s

Mule nosing peg

Mule, Platt’s reasons for selecting

Mule, production of, 1835-1890

Mule production, tables of

Mule, primary parts of

Mule, regulation of releasing motions

Mule rim shaft, driving bands on

Mule rim shaft, driving back shaft from

Mule rim shaft, driving rollers from

Mule rim shaft, reversal of

Mule rim shaft, velocity of

Mule rollers, action of

Mule rollers, construction of

Mule rollers, driving of

Mule rollers, disengagement of clutch

Mule rollers, engagement of clutch

Mule scroll, diameters of

Mule scroll, connection with back shaft

Mule scroll, driving of shaft

Mule scroll, position of, on back shaft

Mule scroll, position of check

Mule scroll, revolution of shaft

Mule spindles, attaching roving to

Mule spindles, construction of

Mule spindles, dimensions of

Mule spindles, effect of taper of

Mule spindles, fitting bands on

Mule, number of spindles on

Mule, reversal of spindles

Mule, velocity of spindles

Mule spinning, definition of spinning

Mule, stages in working of

Mule stages, definition of

Mule stages, end of first

Mule stages, end of second

Mule stages, end of third

Mule stages, end of fourth

Mule stages, end of fifth

Mule stages, end of fifth

Mule stages, end of sixth

Mule stages, varying operation of parts during

Mule strap guide, lever mechanism of

Mule strap guide, mode of releasing

Mule strap guide, release of

Mule strap guide, re-locking, &c.

Mule, taking-in, action of back shaft during

Mule, taking-in, locking of clutch

Mule, taking-in, position of clutch during backing off

Mule, taking-in, release of clutch

Mule, taking-in, speed of carriage during

Mule, Threlfall’s fine

Mule, twist yarn produced

Mule, tin roller, construction of

Mule, tin roller, driving of

Mule winding, action at end of

Mule winding, acceleration of velocity during

Mule winding, application of theory

Mule winding, connection of chain with tin roller

Mule winding, construction of quadrant mechanism

Mule winding, chain tightening motion

Mule winding, chain rewinding on scroll

Mule winding, difference in velocity of

Mule winding, effect of taper of spindle on

Mule winding, elevation of initial point of

Mule winding, mode of rotating quadrant screw

Mule winding, position of parts during

Mule winding, theory of

Mule winding, theory of action of quadrant arm

Mule, weft yarn

Mule, waste spinning

Neps, removal of

Nipper guard

Nipper, Dobson and Barlow’s

Nosing motion, Dobson and Barlow’s

Nosing motion, Platt’s

Nosing peg

Number of doublings in drawing

Number of persons employed

Number of roving machines for various counts

Number of spindles at work

Opening, conditions of, successful

Opening, mode of

Opening, object of

Opening machine, combination with mixing room

Opening machine, construction of dust trunks for

Opening machine, conveyance of cotton to

Opening machine, Crighton’s

Opening machine, Dobson and Barlow’s

Opening machine, distance between beater arms and grid

Opening machine, double fans in

Opening machine, essential features of

Opening machine, forms of

Opening machine, Lord Brothers’ combined

Opening machine, lubrication of footstep in

Opening machine, pitch of projections on grid

Opening machine, Platt’s

Opening machine, Platt’s improved dust trunks for

Opening machine, porcupine rollers for

Opening machine, porcupine position and speed of

Opening machine, porcupine used as feed

Opening machine, position of dust trunks

Opening machine, position of fans

Opening machine, production of Crighton

Opening machine, shape of grids

Opening machines, Taylor, Lang and Co.’s

Opening machines, velocity of beaters in

Opening machines, velocity of beaters in Lord’s

Operation of twist wheel in roving machine

Paley’s traverse motion

Parallelisation of fibres in carding

Persons employed

Pedal motion, Asa Lees

Pedal motion, Howard and Bullough’s

Pedal motion, Platt’s

Pedal motion, Lord’s

Pedal motion, operation of

Pedal motion, with rollers

Pinel. Lecœur, and Hetherington’s combing machine

Pitch of drawing frame rollers

Plate wheel, action of

Plate wheel, driving of

Plate wheel, relative velocity of

Platt’s carding machine

Platt’s dust trunks

Platt’s flat grinding apparatus

Platt’s flexible bend setting

Platt’s full can stop motion

Platt’s inspection of carding setting

Platt’s mule

Platt’s opening machine

Platt’s scutching machine

Pneumatic conveyance of cotton

Polishing machines for thread

Porcupine rollers, construction of

Porcupine rollers, position and speed of

Porcupine rollers used as feed

Preparation of card fillets

Preparation of card slivers

Principles of flat grinding

Principles of mixing

Principles of setting card teeth

Principles of twisting

Production of mule spindles, 1835-90

Production, tables of mule

Production of polishing machines

Production of roving machines

Production of spooling machines

Productive power of machinery

Pugh’s under-clearer spring

Quick traverse winding machines, Brooks’

Quick traverse, Dobson and Barlow

Quick traverse, Hetherington’s

Reeling machines, construction of

Reeling machines, doffing motions

Reeling machines, formation of hanks on

Reeling machines, Guest and Brooks’ skeining motion

Reeling machines, seven lea motion

Ribbon lap machine

Rigidity of machine framing

Ring doubling machine, English system

Ring doubling machine, manufacture of thread on

Ring doubling machine, Scotch system

Ring spinning machine, angularity of roller brackets

Ring spinning machine, Asa Lees’ rope driving

Ring spinning machine, ballooning in

Ring spinning machine, balloon guards

Ring spinning machine, Bee spindle

Ring spinning machine, Bernhardt’s anti-balloon guide

Ring spinning machine, Booth Sawyer spindle

Ring spinning machine, centrifugal action of traveller

Ring spinning machine, common spindle

Ring spinning machine, construction of

Ring spinning machine, concentricity of ring and spindle

Ring spinning machine, Coulthard’s double ring

Ring spinning machine, definition of ring spinning

Ring spinning machine, diameter of rings

Ring spinning machine, diameter of front rollers

Ring spinning machine, differential drag of traveller

Ring spinning machine, Dobson Marsh spindle

Ring spinning machine, Dodd spindle

Ring spinning machine, early use of

Ring spinning machine, effect of weight of traveller

Ring spinning machine, elastic spindles

Ring spinning machine, form of travellers for bare spindles

Ring spinning machine, frictional resistance of traveller

Ring spinning machine, gauge of spindles

Ring spinning machine, Howard and Bullough’s weft

Ring spinning machine, influence of weight of traveller

Ring spinning machine, Lancaster’s system of weft

Ring spinning machine, lift of ring rail

Ring spinning machine, lift of spindles

Ring spinning machine, loss of twist in

Ring spinning machine, manufacture of rings

Ring spinning machine, Platt’s bare spindle

Ring spinning machine, Rabbeth spindle

Ring spinning machine, self-contained spindles

Ring spinning machine, spinning on bare spindles

Ring spinning machine, tables of production

Ring spinning machine, tables of power

Ring spinning machine, unsteady running spindles

Ring spinning machine, velocity of spindles

Ring spinning machine, Whitin gravity spindles

Rollers, bale breaker

Rollers, calender

Rollers, cloth pasting machine

Rollers, construction of

Rollers, covering machines for

Rollers, drawing frame

Rollers, ending machines for

Rollers, grinding

Rollers, grinding machines for finished

Rollers, grinding machine for skins

Rollers, inclination of teeth on

Rollers, jointing of

Rollers, pitch of centres of

Rollers, relieving motion for

Rollers, rolling machine for

Rollers, size of

Rollers, splicing machine for

Rollers, velocity of

Rollers, velocity of

Ropes, speed of driving

Rope driving

Rope driving for scutchers, Asa Lees’

Rope driving for scutchers, Platt’s

Roving machines, action of building motion

Roving machines, action of plate wheel

Roving machines, action of ratchet wheel

Roving machines, amount of lift

Roving machines, building motion for

Roving machines, clearers for

Roving machines, construction of

Roving machines, construction of building motion

Roving machines, construction of collars

Roving machines, construction of differential motion

Roving machines, construction of speed cones

Roving machines, construction of spindles

Roving machines, cone motion for

Roving machines, Curtis and Rhodes’ motion

Roving machines, definition of lead in

Roving machines, difference in bobbin and flyer leads

Roving machines, effect of winding in

Roving machines, effect of diminishing rod

Roving machines, effect of ratchet wheel change

Roving machines, Higgins’ bearing for spindles of

Roving machines, Howard and Bullough’s electric stop motion

Roving machines, jack frame

Roving machines, locking motion

Roving machines, Mason’s long collar

Roving machines, method of driving bobbins

Roving machines, method of giving lift

Roving machines, method of driving spindles and rollers

Roving machines, method of driving plate wheel

Roving machines, necessity for

Roving machines, necessity for retardation of bobbin

Roving machines, number employed

Roving machines, number of rollers in

Roving machines, object of building motion

Roving machines, object of creel

Roving machines, operation of twist wheel

Roving machines, Paley’s traverse motion

Roving machines, principles of reducing bobbin speed

Roving machines, principles of reducing flyer speed

Roving machines, twisting

Roving machines, winding

Roving machine, Pugh’s under-clearer for

Roving machine, pressers attachment of

Roving machine, reasons for bobbin lead

Roving machine, releasing motion

Roving machine, relation of strap and diminishing rod

Roving machine, relative velocity of plate wheel

Roving machine, reversal of lift

Roving machine, setting of spindles

Roving machine, shape of speed cones

Roving machine, shortening of lift in

Roving machine, size of rollers

Roving machine, spindle speeds

Roving machine, table of production

Roving machine, theory of action of differential motion

Roving machine, Tweedale’s differential motion

Roving machine, velocity of wheels

Roving machine, weighting of rollers

Scutching machine, Asa Lees’ pedal motion

Scutching machine, Asa Lees’ rope driving

Scutching machine, character of beater blow

Scutching machine, combinations of

Scutching machine combined with mixing

Scutching machine, conditions of successful working

Scutching machine, construction of air passages

Scutching machine, construction of beaters

Scutching machine, construction of feed rollers and pedals

Scutching machine, Crighton’s cages

Scutching machine, Crighton’s leaf extractor

Scutching machine, distance of dead plate from beater sheet

Scutching machine, Dobson and Barlow’s pedal motion

Scutching machine, doubling of laps in feeding

Scutching machine, draught of

Scutching machine, drawing action of rollers

Scutching machine, effect of dead plate on air current

Scutching machine, Howard and Bullough’s airbars

Scutching machine, Howard and Bullough’s pedal bowls

Scutching machine, importance of balancing beaters

Scutching machine, lap attachment

Scutching machine, lap feeding of

Scutching machine, lap even selvedge of

Scutching machine, lap weight and hank of

Scutching machine, Lord’s

Scutching machine, Lord’s piano feed

Scutching machine, number of workpeople required for

Scutching machine, object of

Scutching machine, operation of piano feed

Scutching machine, Platt’s dead plate

Scutching machine, Platt’s pedal motion

Scutching machine, Platt’s rope driving

Scutching machine, position of grids

Scutching machine, position of dead plate

Scutching machine, pulsations of beater

Scutching machine, setting of grid bars

Scutching machine, two or three winged beaters

Scutching machine, velocity of air current

Scutching machine, velocity of beaters

Scutching machine, velocity of cones

Sea Island cotton

Selvedges in carding

Selvedge, opener

Selvedge, scutcher

Setting brackets for rollers

Setting card covers

Setting card cylinders

Setting card pedestals

Setting, character of card

Setting, effect of Wellman flats

Setting flats

Setting flats, theory of

Setting flats, Wellman

Setting flexible bend

Setting licker-in and doffer

Setting mote knives

Setting, Platt’s inspection of

Setting teeth in clothing

Setting under casings

Seven lea motion

Shape of card teeth

Shortening lift in roving machines

Side grinding of card teeth

Side grinding, defects of

Side grinding, improved

Side grinding, striation of teeth by

Size of driving rollers

Size of driving ropes

Size of roving rollers

Skeining motion

Slivers, definition of

Slivers, doubling of

Slivers, doubling of

Slivers, cans for

Sliver lap machine

Slow motion, Sykes’

Slow motion, Hetherington’s

Slow motion, Brooks’

Slow motion, Knowles’

Slubbing machine

Slubs, production of

Speed cones, construction of

Speed cones, shape of

Speed of combing machine

Speed of belts and ropes

Speed of roving spindles

Spindles, comparative speed of

Spindles, construction of roving

Spindles, number at work

Spindles, setting of

Spooling machine

Spooling, production of

Standard Spinning Co’s Mill

Staple, definition of

Staple, effect in drawing

Starch pump

Steam engines, types of

Stop motion drawing frame

Stop motion winding frame

Stripping, method of

Table of production of roving frame

Table of production of mule

Table of production of ring frame

Tables of power for ring frame

Taylor Lang’s opening machine

Teeth, carding, setting of

Teeth, carding, licker in

Teeth, carding, principles of setting

Teeth, carding, side grinding

Testing flexible bend

Testing heel in flats

Theisen’s condenser

Theory of differential motion

Theory of mule winding

Transmission of power by belts

Transmission, loss in

Twist in yarn, rule

Twist wheel in roving frames

Under casings for carding machine

Under clearer for roving machine

Velocity of beater in opener

Velocity of beater in scutcher

Velocity of carding cylinders

Velocity of carding cylinders during grinding

Velocity of doffer

Velocity of doffer comb

Velocity of main driving belts

Velocity of main driving ropes

Velocity of porcupine cylinders

Velocity of rollers of drawing frame

Velocity of rollers of ring frame

Velocity of spindles in roving machines

Velocity of spindles in mule

Velocity of spindles in ring frame

Velocity of wheels in differential

Waste from combing machine

Wellman carding machine

Width of lap for combing machine

Whiteley’s clip

Whiteley’s fillet winding machine

Whiteley’s side-ground teeth

Willow, The

Workpeople employed in machine making

Wrap reel

Yarn, counts of

Yarn testers


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