Lewdness, definition, 2510; propriety of external acts, 2512; morality of kissing and similar acts, 2513; morality of sensual gratification, 2514; theological species of the sin of lewdness, 2515; circumstances that increase or lessen the danger of sin, 2517; cases wherein the danger of sin is grave or slight, 2518; lewd books, 2518 b; lewdness in speech, 2518 a; in reading, 2518 b; in looks, 2518 c; in touches, 2518 d; moral species of lewdness, 2519 a.
Libel, definition, 2030 d.
Liberality, inferior to justice, 1716 b; virtue of liberality, 2143 b; definition of virtue, 2424; importance of liberality, 2425. See also Avarice; Prodigality.
Lies, see Lying.
Lipstick, morality of use, 2570.
Liquids, may or may not break fast, 2588.
Loans, 1749 a; loan at interest, 1749 b.
Longsuffering, Fruit of the Holy Ghost, 163.
Looting, forbidden by modern international law, 1415.
Loss, definition, 1724 b.
Lots, Use of, when lawful, 2289.
Lottery, when lawful, 1879 e.
Love, definition, 119; root of all appetites of soul, 1106; effects, 1107; degrees, 1108; love of desire and love of benevolence, 1109; love of creatures not always charity, 1134; kinds of self-love (q.v.), 1136; obligatory, 1608 a; of supererogation, 1608 b.
Love of God, see Charity.
Love of Neighbor, see Neighbor, Love of.
Love of Self, see Self-Love.
Lukewarmness, 1327.
Lust, 269. See also Impurity.
Luxury, compared with impurity, 2492 a; modesty in luxury, 2569 a.
Lying, definition, 2389; misunderstanding a form of lying, 2390 a; misinterpretation a form of lying, 2390 b; divisions of lies, 2391; hypocrisy, 2391 b; simulation, 2301 b; misrepresentation and deceit, 2391 b; classification of lies, 2392; lies of inclination, 2392 b; pernicious lies, 2392 b; motives for lying 2393; jocose lie, 2392 a; officious lie, 2392 a; comparison of gravity of various lies, 2394; sinfulness of all lies, 2395; when lying entails no formal sin, 2396; pernicious lies, 2397; concealment of the truth, 2398; mental reservation, 2399; morality of strict mental reservation, 2400; morality of broad mental reservation, 2400 b; when broad mental reservation is lawful, 2401; ambiguous answers, 2402; simulation or pretence, 2403; sinfulness of simulation, 2404.
Macedonianism, 822 c.
Magnanimity, see Greatness of Soul.
Majority, Age of, 433.
Malefactor, when bound to accuse himself, 1968.
Malice, sins of, 250 e; caused by sloth, 1324.
_Mandatum_, 1749 a.
Manicheans, 823 b.
Manicheism, 822 c.
Marriage, see Matrimony, Sacrament of.
Marriage, Trial, definition, 2527 c.
Marriages, Dangerous, 875; canonical consequences, 879; prenuptial guarantees, 880; remedies against mixed and dangerous marriages, 881.
Martyrdom, definition, 2442; kinds of martyrdom, 2443; conditions for martyrdom, 2444; practical questions about martyrdom, 2445.
Mass, Sacrifice of the, 2709; obligation of saying Mass, 2710; dispositions for the celebration of Mass, 2711; confession before Mass, 2711 a; distractions during the Canon, 2711 b; preparation and thanksgiving before Mass, 2711 a; Eucharistic or natural fast, 2711 b; rubrical vestments, 2711 b; time of Mass, 2712 a; place, 2712 b; rites, 2712 c; when it is lawful to discontinue Mass, 2713; application of the Mass, 2714; obligation of pastors to say Mass for flocks, 2714 a; obligation of Mass stipends, 2714 b; persons for whom Mass may be applied, 2715; how Mass must be applied, 2715 b; lawfulness of Mass stipends, 2716.
Masturbation, form of impurity, 2534 a.
Material Sin, 248.
Matrimony, Sacrament of, first blessing of marriage (offspring), 2613 a; second blessing of marriage (fidelity), 2613 b; third blessing of marriage (sacrament), 2613 c; obligation of paying the conjugal debt, 2614; absence of obligation, 2615; suspension of obligation, 2616; obligation of requesting conjugal intercourse, 2617; morality of venereal acts of marriage, 2618; unnatural consummated acts, 2618 c; artificial fecundation, 2618 c; rectal copulation, 2618 c; contraception, 2620; contraception an injury to God, 2620 a; an injury to society, 2620 b; an injury to the family, 2620 c; an injury to the individual, 2620 d; arguments of Neo-Malthusians and other advocates of contraception, 2621; is birth-control ever lawful? 2622; _cooperatio uxoris ad onanismum vel contraceptionem_, 2623; _recapitulatio de licitis et illicitis in conjugio_, 2624; marriage as a Sacrament, 2626; reasons that justify separation, 2626 a; husband superior to wife in authority, 2626 b; husband has duty of providing for wife, 2626 c; no obligation for individual to marry, 2627 a; unity of marriage its first property, 2787 d; indissolubility of marriage its second property, 2787 e; Pauline Privilege, 2787 e; dissolution, 2787 e; divorce under Mosaic Law, 2787 e; marriages of infidels, 2787 e; true, presumed, putative and attempted marriage, 2788 a; legitimate, ratified, consummated marriage, 2788 b; clandestine, secret, public marriage, 2788 c; marriage of conscience, 2788 c; marriage is canonical or civil, 2788 d; elements of contract of marriage, 2789 a; ends of contract, 2789 b; essence of contract is the consent, 2789 c; valid consent, 2790; defects in consent, 2791; mental derangement as defect, 2791 a; ignorance as defect, 2791 b; error as defect, 2791 c; effect of forced consent on validity, 2792 a; effect of forced consent on lawfulness, 2792 b; conditional consent, 2793; elements of marriage as Sacrament, 2794; ministers and recipients of Matrimony, 2794 b; effects of Matrimony, 2794 c; duties in connection with marriage, 2795; obligation of betrothal or engagement, 2796; is engagement necessary before marriage? 2798; duties to parents or guardians in reference to marriage, 2799; duties of parents in reference to marriage, 2800; obstacles to marriage, 2801; duty to make known impediment to marriage, 2801 c; duties of pastor in examination of engaged persons, 2802; special proofs of freedom to marry, 2803; proof of Baptism, 2803 a; proof of single state, 2803 b; matrimonial impediments, 2804; sinfulness of marrying with an impediment, 2805; impedient or prohibitive impediments, 2806; vow as impediment, 2806 a; impediment of legal relationship, 2806 b; impediment of mixed religion, 2806 e; duties of pastor and parties in connection with mixed marriages, 2807; valid engagement forbids marriage with third party, 2809 a; special prohibition of particular marriage by the Church, 2809 b; closed times, 2809 e; diriment impediments to marriage, 2810; absolute diriment impediments, 2811; impediment of age, 2813; impediment of impotency, 2814; impediment of bond, 2816; impediment of difference of religion, 2817; impediment of kinship, 2818; consanguinity, 2818 a; affinity, 2818 b; public decency, 2818 c; spiritual relationship, 2818 d; legal relationship, 2818 e; matrimonial impediments produced through misdeeds, 2819; impediment of abduction, 2819 a; impediment of crime, 2819 b; duties of pastor after inquiry about impediments, 2820; dispensation, 2820 a; publications of banns of marriage, 2820 b; duties of pastor after examination and proclamation, 2821; duties of pastor as regards religious instruction of engaged couple, 2822; pastor and duties of engaged couple, 2823; pastor’s duties to parents, 2823 a; pastor’s duties to civil law, 2823 b; opposition of parents to marriage, 2824; religious duties of parties before marriage, 2825; confession, 2825 a; Communion, 2825 b; celebration of marriage, 2826; requisites for validity, 2826 a; requisites for lawfulness, 2826 b; rite of Matrimony, 2827; Nuptial Blessing and Nuptial Mass, 2827 b; cooperation in unworthy marriage, 2828; registration of marriages, 2829; when impediment is discovered after marriage, 2830; lawfulness of divorce and separation, 2831. See also Betrothal.
Matter of Sin, grave, 171-172; light, 182.
Matter, Sacramental, see Sacrament.
Meanness, vice against greatness of deed, 2452 b.
Medicinal Afflictions, as remedies against sin, 283.
Meekness, Fruit of the Holy Ghost, 163; potential part of temperance, 2465 c; definition, 2545.
Memory, 1637 a.
Mental Derangement, removes theological guilt, 1764 a.
Mercy, result of charity, 1193; definition, 1193 c; natural and supernatural, 1205; causes of unmerciful spirit, 1206; mercy compared with other moral virtues, 1207; compared with charity, 1208; obligation, 1209; seven corporal works of mercy, 1221; seven spiritual works, 1222-1223; regarded by some as superior to justice, 1717 b.
Merit, definition, 107; human and divine, 108; natural and supernatural, 109; condign and congruous, 110; the right standard for distributive justice, 1804 c.
Merits, former merits recovered by repentance, 2725 c.
Methods in Moral Theology, Casuistic, Positive and Scholastic, 13.
Minors, legal privileges in connection with contracts, 1882.
Misrepresentation, form of lying, 2391 b.
Moderation, see Temperance.
Modernism, 822 c, 841 b.
Modesty, Fruit of the Holy Ghost, 163; of bearing and living potential part of temperance, 2465 e; definition of modesty, 2565; modest behavior or decorum, 2566 a; vices opposed to modesty, 2566 b; modesty in style of living and dress, 2569 a; morality of self-beautification, 2570; fruit of the Fear of the Lord, 2571 c.
Mohammedanism, 822 a.
Monophysitism, 822 c.
Morality, definition, 64; constitutive norm, 65; manifestative norm, 67; perceptive norm, 68; three species of, 69; three sources, the object, circumstances, and end, 70 sqq.; moral value of passions, 121 sqq.; important influence of habits on, 140.
Moral Science, office of, 1631 b.
Moral Systems, see Systems, Moral.
Moral Theology, objects, 4; medium, 4; sources, 6; use of natural reason, philosophy and natural sciences in, 11-12; Positive, Scholastic and Casuistic Methods, 13; history of, 15; Patristic Period, 15 a; Medieval Period, 15 b; Modern, 15 c; division and order of parts, 17; General and Special, 18.
Mormonism, 823 b.
Mortgage, 1749 d.
Motions of the Soul, First and Second, 129.
Motives of Sin, 268 sqq.
Munificence, virtue, 2452 e.
Murder, see Homicide.
Murmuring, definition and sinfulness of, 2120.
Mutilation, definition, 1866 a; when lawful, 1867.
_Mutuum_, definition, 1749 a.
Mysteries, that must be believed, 787 sqq., 918, 920; substantial and scientific knowledge of, 790.
Narcotics, licit use, 2485.
Naturalism, 847 b.
Necessity, Spiritual, degrees of, 1165.
Necessity, Temporal, degrees of, 1236; extreme necessity justifies conversion of others’ property, 1921 a.
Necromancy, form of divination, 2284 b.
Necrophilism, form of impurity, 2534 d.
Negligence, 1326 a.
_Negotiorum gestio_, definition, 1749 a.
Neighbor, Love of, three kinds, 1139 sqq.; sacrifice of spiritual goods or bodily welfare for neighbor’s sake, 1163 sqq.; order of charity between neighbors, 1171 sqq. See Charity; Friendship; Emulation; Jealousy; Hate; Correction, Fraternal.
Neo-Malthusians, arguments in favor of contraception, 2821.
Nestorianism, 822 c.
New Testament, ordinances, 7; counsels, 7; laws, 7; temporary regulations, 7; law of, see Law, Christian.
Nihilists, society forbidden by Church, 947 b.
Non-Catholics, participation in Catholic rites, 957 sqq.
Non-Combatants, treatment during war, 1412.
Nurses, duties of, 2651 c.
Oaths, moral effects of accidentals added to contracts, 1886 b; definition of an oath, 2245; assertory or promissory oaths, 2246 a; comminatory or confirmatory oaths, 2246 a; contestatory or execratory oaths, 2246 b; explicit or implicit oaths, 2246 b; solemn or simple, judicial or extrajudicial oaths, 2246 d; moral difference between various kinds of oaths, 2247; lawfulness of oaths, 2248; necessary qualities of a lawful oath, 2249; sinful oaths, 2250; incautious oath, 2250 a; perjured oaths, 2250 b; wicked oaths, 2250 c; mental reservation in oaths, 2251; cooperation in sinful oaths, 2252; sinful oaths demanded or accepted by private persons, 2253; fictitious oaths, 2254; expressions confused with oaths; obligation imposed by promissory oath, 2256; obligation imposed by negative oath, 2257; obligation of oath is personal, 2258; interpretation of promissory oath, 2259; kind of obligation produced by a valid promissory oath, 2260; cessation of obligation of promissory oath, 2262. See also Adjuration.
Obedience, definition of virtue, 2355; power of jurisdiction and dominative power, 2356; degrees of obedience, 2357; comparison of obedience with other virtues, 2358; comparison of acts of obedience, 2359; duty of obedience, 2360; when obedience is not lawful or obligatory, 2361; internal actions and human superiors, 2363; obligation of vow of obedience, 2364; sins against obedience, 2365; definition of disobedience, 2366; kinds of disobedience, 2367; theological sinfulness of formal disobedience, 2369; moral species of disobedience, 2370; circumstances that aggravate formal disobedience, 2371; comparison of formal disobedience with other sins, 2372; vow and virtue of obedience, 2612 c; obedience due to superiors, 2636 b.
Objects, Sinful, formal cooperation by manufacture of, 1533; material cooperation, 1534 sqq.
Obscenity, definition, 1455; internal and external, 1455 a-b; general rules for determining what is obscene, 1456; persons who give scandal through obscenity, 1458; government suppression of obscenity aim of League of Nations, 1458 e.
Obstacles to Consent, 40 sqq.; fear, 41; ignorance, 40, 24 sqq.
Occasions of Sin, 263 sqq.
Occult Heresy, 828 c.
Occult Sin, 1287.
Occupation, title to private ownership, 1872 a; chief ways of occupation, 1873; when occupation of others’ goods is lawful, 1921 sqq. See also Theft.
Occupations, forbidden to clerics, 2603 b.
Odd Fellows, Society forbidden by Church, 946 b.
Offerings, act of religion, 2183.
Office, Divine, distractions during, 2174; obligation of matter and manner, 2600 a; excuses from the obligation of the Divine Office, 2601 a.
Officials, Public, lawfulness of revelations about, 2071.
Offset, definition of, 1927 a. Old Testament, moral precepts still binding, 7; ceremonial laws no longer obligatory, 7.
Omen, form of divination, 2285 d.
Omissions, voluntary, 37; effect of may be voluntary, 38.
Oneiromancy, form of divination, 2284 a.
Opinion, as state of conscience, 662 sqq.
Ordeal by Fire, sin against religion, 2284 c.
Order of Charity, 1158; between neighbors, 1171 sqq.; in almsgiving, 1247.
Orders, Holy, Sacrament of, 2777; distinction of the Orders, 2778; Major and Minor Orders, 2778 b; hierarchy of Orders, 2779 a; hierarchy of jurisdiction, 2779 b; matter and form of the various Orders in the Latin Church, 2780; episcopal consecration, 2780 a; minister of ordination, 2781; special duties of minister, 2782; recipient of Orders, 2783; conditions for validity of reception, 2783 a; conditions for lawfulness of reception, 2783 b; canonical requirements for ordination, 2784; irregularities, 2784 b; simple impediments, 2784 b; irregularities from defect or delinquency, 2784 b; duties of ordinandi according to Canon Law, 2785 a; registration of ordinations, 2786; ordination of acolyte, 2780 a; ordination of exorcist, 2780 a; ordination of porter, 2780 a; ordination of reader, 2780 a; ordination of subdeacon, 2780 b; ordination of deacon, 2780 c; ordination of priest, 2780 d.
Ordinances, of the New Testament, 7.
Orientals, 822 c.
Original Sin, 272 sqq.
Ouija Boards, form of divination, 2284 c.
Ownership, Private, allowed by natural and divine law, 1872; chief titles to private ownership, 1872.
Pacifism, Extreme, not inculcated by Christ, 1381.
Pain, of loss, 281 a; of sense, 281 b.
_Palpo_, definition, 1779 e.
Pan-Christianism, 823 b.
Parents, duties of charity and piety, 2630; compensation of children, 2631; sex education of children, 2632.
Participation of Catholics in Non-Catholic Services, 961; active and passive participation, 962-973; things wherein communication is possible; 963; simulated active assistance, 965; cases of communication in false worship, 967 sqq.; cases where a communication in another Catholic Rite is allowed, 970; participation in non-sacramental rites, 971; participation in religious places, times and objects, 972.
Partnership, 1749 b.
Passion, as obstacle to consent, 40, 45; antecedent, makes act less free, 48; consequent, does not affect voluntariness of acts, 49; when it removes or diminishes theological guilt, 1764 a.
Passions, definition, 45, 116 sqq.; definition, 117; concupiscible, 118-119; irascible, 118, 120; moral value of, 121 sqq.; physical, mental and moral dangers of, 126; antecedent or involuntary (first motions of the soul), 129; consequent or voluntary (second motions of the soul), 129; inhibition of, 131; important influence of habits on, 140.
Pastor, duty to give Sacraments, 2676 a; duties in reference to Baptism, 2688; to Confirmation, 2698; to Communion, 2707 c; to worship, 2708 c; to celebration of Mass, 2710 b; to application of Mass _pro populo_, 2714 a; jurisdiction for confession, 2751 a; on reserved cases, 2754 b; duty to hear confessions, 2756 b; to give Extreme Unction, 2775 c; rank among the clergy, 2779 b; duties in reference to marriage, 2802, 2807, 2808, 2820 sqq., 2826, 2829.
Pathological States, see Abnormal Mental States.
Patience, Fruit of the Holy Ghost, 163; act of fortitude, 2447 b; definition, 2453; patience differs from temperance, 2453 a; differs from longsuffering and constancy, 2453 c; greatness of patience, 2454; vices opposed to patience, 2455; virtue of steadfastness, 2456.
Patriolatry, sin against piety, 2349 a.
Patriotism, very like to religion, 2346 d.
Pawn, 1749 d.
Pawning, unjustifiable, 1879 g.
Peace, Fruit of the Holy Ghost, 163; as effect of charity, 1195 sqq.; reconciliation with God, 1196; reconciliation with enemies, 1196; reconciliation with enemies demanded by charity, 1198; what duty of reconciliation demands, 1199; what this duty necessitates, 1199 sqq.; person who should make the first advances, 1202; manner and time of seeking reconciliation, 1203-04; sins against peace, 1347 sqq. See Discord; Contention; Schism; War; Fighting; Duelling; Sedition.
Pederasty, kind of impurity, 2534 c.
Pelagianism, 822 c.
Penance, Sacrament of, 2727; remote matter, 2727 a; proximate matter, 2727 b; form of, 2727 c; subject of, 2727 d; Probabilism in administration of Sacrament, 2728; contrition the first act of the penitent, 2729; valid and fruitful reception of the Sacrament of Penance, 2734; resolution of amendment, 2736; confession, second act of penitent, 2737; qualities of confession, 2738; gravity of lying to confessor, 2739; integral confession, 2740; material and formal completeness, 2740 a, b; moral species of sin must be confessed, 2741 a; number of sins must be given, 2741 b; circumstances that change the species must be declared, 2741 c; external act that completed an internal sin must be declared, 2741 d; circumstances that notably aggravate a sin without changing its species, 2742 a; external effects of a sin must be confessed, 2742 b; uncertain sins must be confessed, 2742 c; when material integrity is not necessary, 2743; completion or repetition of past incomplete Confessions, 2744; when a general Confession should be made, 2744 c; satisfaction, the third act of the penitent, 2745; effects of actual satisfaction, 2746; conditions for effective satisfaction, 2747; obligation of accepting and performing a penance, 2748; causes that excuse from a penance imposed, 2749; requirements in the minister for valid absolution, 2750; power of jurisdiction, 2751; when the Church supplies jurisdiction (cases of common error and of uncertainty of law or fact), 2752; limitation of jurisdiction, 2753; reserved sins, 2753 a; reserved persons, 2753 b; absolution from reserved cases, 2754; absolution given by one not possessed of jurisdiction, 2755; duties of confessor before confession, 2756; duties of confessor as judge in hearing the case, 2757; duties of confessor in deciding about cases, 2758; duties of confessor in passing sentence, 2759; penitents to whom absolution should be denied, 2760; backsliders (recidivists), 2760 c; obligation, quality and quantity of sacramental penance, 2761; duties of the confessor as spiritual physician, 2762; duties of the confessor as teacher and guide, 2763; spiritual direction, 2764 b; duties of the confessor after confession, 2764; Probabilism or epieikeia may not be applied to sacramental seal, 2764 a; attitude of confessor to tempted and afflicted, 2762 b; attitude to scrupulous, 2762 b; treatment of sick and dying, 2762 b; attitude towards the pious, 2762 b; attitude towards the hardened sinner, 2762 b; manner of repairing defects made in hearing a confession, 2765; excuses from duty of repairing mistakes, 2766; obligation of seal of confession, 2767; sins against the seal of confession, 2768; special abuses to which confession is exposed, 2769; danger of defamation, 2769 a; danger of impurity, 2769 b; _absolutio complicis_, 2770; _effectus legis de absolutione complicis_, 2771; _sollicitatio in confessione_, 2772; _denuntiatio sollicitantis_, 2773.
Perception, 1637 b.
Pessimism, defective judgment, 1731 f.
Philanthropy, as distinguished from almsgiving, 1219.
Philosophy, use in Moral Theology. 11, 12.
Phrenology, form of divination, 2285 b.
Physicians, duties of, 2651 c.
Physiognomy, divination by, 2285 b.
Pictures, when obscene, 1456 a.
Piety, Gift of the Holy Ghost, 160 b; a potential part of justice, 2142 b; various senses of, 2345; definition of virtue of piety, 2346; reverence required by piety, 2347; assistance required by piety, 2348; sins against piety, 2349; malice of sins against piety, 2350; Gift of Piety directed to Our Father in Heaven, 2433 a.
Plants, when they may be occupied, 1873 b.
Plays, when obscene, 1456 c; formal cooperation with evil plays, 1531; material cooperation with, 1532.
Pleasures, Sensible, and temperance, 2461 b.
Pleasures, Spiritual, and temperance, 2461 b.
Pledge, 1749 d.
Pollution, see Impurity.
Pope, authentic interpreter of all ecclesiastical laws, 486; three ways of rejecting papal decisions, 1369.
Positive Method, in Moral Theology, 13.
Possessors, Unlawful, three kinds of, 1770 sqq.; obligations in reference to the property and its fruits, 1771 sqq.
Poverty, vow and virtue, 2612 a.
Power of Jurisdiction, and dominative power, 2356.
Practicality, 1645.
Praise of God, 2269; internal and external praise of God, 2270; excellence of praise of God, 2271; qualities that should be present in the divine praises, 2272.
Prayer, definition, 2153; the psychology of prayer, 2154; the necessity of prayer, 2155; a duty for all adults, 2156; times and frequency of prayer, 2157; corollaries about prayer and confession, 2158; to whom prayer may be offered, 2159; persons for whom prayer is offered, 2160; things that may be prayed for, 2161; qualities of prayer, 2162; confidence requisite for successful prayer, 2163; attention and intention in prayer, 2164; actual, virtual and habitual intention in prayer, 2165 a, b, c; internal or external, verbal or superficial, literal, spiritual, perfect or imperfect attention in prayer, 2166; acts that exclude external attention, 2167; when external attention is sufficient, 2168; kind of internal attention required in prayer, 2169; distractions in prayer, 2170; voluntary and involuntary distractions, 2171; sinfulness of distraction in prayer, 2172; distractions during Divine Office, 2174.
Precepts, axiomatic and inferred, 300; general and particular, 301; ecclesiastical, 515-519.
Precepts of the Church, First derived from natural and divine as well as ecclesiastical law, 2575 a; affirmative and negative parts of First Precept, 2576; how Mass must be heard, 2577; external and bodily assistance, 2577 a; internal or mental assistance requires actual or virtual intention of will, 2577 b; the necessary attention, 2577 b; time and place of Mass, 2578; servile works, 2579; forensic and commercial labors forbidden, 2579 b; liberal works tolerated, 2580 b; definition of common works, 2581 a; doubtful works, 2581 b; lawfulness of hiring non-Catholics to do servile work, 2582; obligation of First Precept, 2583; excuses from observance of First Precept, 2584; scope of Second Precept, 2586; definition of flesh meat, 2586 a; broth and condiments, 2586 c; obligation of Second Precept, 2587 21; exceptions to the obligation, 2587 c; the obligation of fasting, 2588 sqq.; scope of Third Precept, 2590; subject and matter of Third Precept, 2590 a; time for fulfillment of Third Precept, 2590; origin and gravity of Third Precept, 2591; scope of Fourth Precept, 2592; origin and gravity of Fourth Precept, 2593 a; Fifth Precept, 2594; Sixth Precept of the Church, 2594.
Prescription, title to private ownership, 1872 b; conditions for valid prescription, 1875; may terminate the obligation of contract, 1889 b.
Presumption, sin of, 1075 sqq.; definition, 1078; objects of, 1079; comparison with temptation of God and blasphemous hope, 1081; malice of, 1082; gravity compared with other sins, 1083; presumption and unbelief, 1084; presumption takes away virtue of hope, 1085; causes of, 1091; vice against greatness of soul, 2450 a.
Presumption of a Pact, 652.
Pretence, see Simulation.
Price, just and unjust, see Fraud.
Pride, as origin of discord, 1354; origin of contention, 1362; cause of contumely, 2017 a; definition of pride, 2557; acts of pride, 2558 a; sinfulness of pride, 2559 a; pride compared with other sins, 2560 n; pride mother of the seven capital sins, 2560 c.
Principles, first and secondary, 300 a; reflex, see Reflex Principles.
Prison, escape from, lawfulness, 1982 b.
Prisoners, treatment during war, 1412, 1417.
Privilege, Pauline, see Matrimony, Sacrament of.
Privileges, 521 sqq.; definition, 521; wide and strict interpretation of, 522; obligation to accept and use, 523.
Probabiliorism, see Systems, Moral.
Probability, intrinsic signs of, 665 a; extrinsic signs of, 665 b; kinds of, 703; of law, 711 a; of fact, 711 b, 712.
Probabilism, see Systems, Moral.
Prodigality, a vice opposed to liberality, 2427; sinfulness, 2428; comparison of avarice and prodigality, 2429.
Promotion of Undeserving Candidates, 1758.
Profession of Faith, commandment of, 938 sqq. See Faith.
Propensities, Natural, effect on voluntariness of acts, 54.
Property, Private, chief ways in which it may be occupied, 1873; when lost property may be occupied, 1873 d; conversion of property against the wishes of owner, 1891 b; conversion of property, 1891.
Propriety, integral part of temperance, 2405 b; propriety of external acts, 2512.
Protestantism, 822 e.
Providence, 1638 b.
Prudence, 146, 150; ranked first among cardinal virtues, 1626; definition of prudence, 1627; one of the two practical virtues of intellect, 1627 a; inferior to the Gift of Wisdom, 1627 b; objects of act of prudence, 1628 a; prudence concerned with application of truths and first principles of morality to contingent and particular cases, 1628 b; formal object of prudence, 1629 a; material object, 1629 a; prudence needs certitude, 1630; relation of prudence to the other moral virtues, 1631 a; prudence rules the inferior virtues and serves the superior, 1632; prudence and the intellectual virtues, 1632 a; prudence and the theological virtues, 1632 b; the exercise of prudence, 1633; the three acts of prudence, deliberation, decision, direction, 1633; qualities of prudence, 1634; moral, integral, subjective, potestative parts of prudence, 1635, 1636; integral parts of prudence, 1637; prudence knows how to reason correctly, 1638 a; subjective parts of prudence, 1639; individual prudence, 1639 a, 1644 a; social prudence, 1639 b; political prudence, 1640 a, 1644 c, 1648; domestic prudence, 1640 b, 1644 b, 1650; governmental prudence, 1642 a; military prudence, 1642 b, 1644 d; utility of prudence for society, 1643; potential parts of prudence, 1646; persons who possess prudence, 1648; evil prudence, 1651 a; imperfect prudence, 1651; indifferent prudence, 1651 b; good prudence, 1651 c; infused prudence, 1654 a; prudence in young people, 1655 a; formed habit of prudence, 1655 a; prudence a duty of superior, 2635 a; formative prudence, 1655 b.
Puberty, Age of, 433.
Punishment, eternal and temporal, 280.
Punishment, Capital, lawfulness of, 1820; when it should not be imposed, 1821; unlawful killing of offenders, 1823 a.
Punishments, Bodily, 1870.
Punitive Sterilization, 1869 b.
Purity, Virtue of, 2486; definition, 2486; definition of chastity, 2486 a; definition of decency, 2486 b. See also Virginity; Impurity.
Purpose, Wrong, may make venial sin mortal, 191; or mortal venial, 195.
Pusillanimity, 1084; as incentive to envy, 1330; vice against greatness of soul, 2451 a.
Pyromancy, form of divination, 2284 c.
Pythian Sisters, Society forbidden by Church, 946 b.
Pythonism, form of divination, 2284 b.
Quickness, 1637 b.
Rancor, caused by sloth, 1324.
Rape, 2529.
Rash Opinion, 1733. See also Judgment, Rash.
Rationalism, 847.
Reason, Age of, 433.
Reason, Natural, use in Moral Theology, 11; as subject of sin, 231.
Reading, Dangerous, 849 sqq.; forbidden by natural and ecclesiastical law, 850.
Rebeccas, Society forbidden by Church, 946 b.
Rebellion, not schism, 1364.
Recoupment, definition of, 1927 a.
Reflex Principles, for solution of doubts, 657 sqq.; may supply indirect certitude, 652 b.
_Regulae pro confessariis de licitis et illicitis, in conjugio_, 2625.
Relationships, various kinds, 1175.
Relatives, order of charity among, 1176 sqq.; duties of near, 2634.
Relaxation, as virtue, 2567 a, b; sins opposed to moderate enjoyment, 2568 a.
Religion, Virtue of, regarded by some as superior to justice, 1717 a; a potential part of justice, 2142 a; definition of the virtue, 2145; religion as a moral virtue, 2146; superiority of religion as a virtue, 2147; necessity of the acts of religion, 2148; internal acts of religion, 2149; definition of devotion, 2150; external and internal causes of devotion, 2152; external acts of religion, 2175; definition of adoration, 2176; difference between _latria_ and _hyperdulia_ and _dulia_, 2671 b; difference between _latria_ and civil homage, 2176 b; unity and variety of adoration, 2177; definition of sacrifice, 2178; essentials of sacrifice, 2179; obligation of sacrifice, 2180; exemptions from sacrifice based on the natural law, 2181; sacrifice compared with the other acts of religion, 2182; goods unsuitable as offerings to God, 2184; contributions to religion, 2185; obligation of contributing to the support of the clergy, 2186; quality of the obligation of contributing to the Church, 2188; priest’s attitude towards persons refusing to contribute, 2189; those to whom religious contributions are due, 2190; external acts of religion in honor of God, 2244.
Religion, Sins against, 2273; superstition, 2274; false worship, 2274 a; superfluous worship, 2274 b; sinfulness of improper worship of God, 2275; worship of false deity, 2276; definition of idolatry, 2277; kinds of idolatry, 2278; sinfulness of idolatry, 2279; comparison of different sins of idolatry, 2280; idolatry possible in Christian worship, 2281; definition of divination, 2282; distinction between the fact and sin of divination, 2283; forms of explicit invocation, 2284; forms of implicit invocation, 2285; malice of the sin of divination, 2286; when knowledge is obtained from God, 2287; when knowledge is obtained through natural causes, 2288; use of lots, 2289; vain observance, 2290; forms of vain observance, 2291; distinction between fact and sin of vain observance, 2293; superstition in religious observances, 2294; sinfulness of vain observance, 2295; cooperation in divination or other form of superstition, 2296; doubtful cases of vain observance, 2297; licitness of using doubtfully superstitious means, 2298; irreligiousness, 2299; temptation of God, 2300; cases wherein there is no temptation of God, 2301; kinds of temptation of God, 2302; causes that exclude the interpretative temptation of God, 2303; refusal of medicine or hygienic care, 2304; sinfulness of temptation of God, 2305; malice of temptation of God, 2306. See also Sacrilege; Simony.
Religious, special duties of, 2611; perfection of charity, 2611 a; evangelical counsels, 2611 b; obligation of the three principal vows, 2612 a.
Remorse of Conscience, penalty of sin, 279.
Repentance, Virtue of, 2718; character of repentance, 2720; excellence, 2721; dignity, 2721 a; necessity, 2721 b; repentance as a means and as a precept, 2722; accompaniments of repentance, 2724; fruits of, 2725; restores infused virtues and former merits, 2725 c; removes every sin, 2725 a.
Reproach, definition, 2012 b.
Reprisals, in war, 1417.
Reputation, when charity requires one to seek good reputation, 1575; when sacrifice of reputation is lawful and unlawful, 1576; when self-detraction is lawful, 1577; definition of good, true, false, ordinary and extraordinary reputation, 2034 a-c; right to good reputation, 2035; right to true and false reputation, 2037; meaning of the expression “infamous in a certain place,” 2051; rights that have precedence over a false reputation, 2068; unlawful attack on another’s false reputation, 2069; conditions that justify revelation of another’s defects, 2070; revelations about public officials or candidates for public office, 2071. See also Defamation.
Rescripts, 520.
Reservation, strict and broad mental reservation in an oath, 2251. See also Lying.
Resident, definition, 437; when subject to laws, 438.
Restitution, distinct from payment, restoration and satisfaction, 1751; difference between satisfaction and restitution, 1752; when restitution is due, 1753; confessor’s duties regarding the obligation of restitution, 1760; roots of restitution, 1762; when unjust damage obliges to restitution, 1763; restitution for damages that are only venially sinful but seriously harmful, 1765; for damages only juridically culpable, 1766; for careless discharge of fiduciary duties, 1768; restitution when culpability seems doubtful, 1769; cooperators and restitution, 1778; circumstances of restitution, 1781; restitution _in solidum_ or _pro rata_, 1783; order of restitution among cooperators, 1784; person to whom restitution must be made, 1786; creditors with right _in re_ have preference over creditors with right _ad rem_, 1787; “thing” to be restored, 1789; “amount” of restitution in certain cases, 1790; “manner” of making restitution, 1791; second restitution, 1792; “time” when restitution must be made, 1793; unjust refusal to make restitution, 1794; “place” where restitution must be made, 1795, 1796; causes that excuse temporarily from restitution, 1797; causes that excuse permanently from restitution, 1798; excuse from restitution on account of doubtfulness of obligation, 1800; restitution for frustration of another’s good, 1802 a; restitution for injury done to goods of fortune, 1802 b; restitution for injury done to goods of body or personal goods, 1802 c; restitution for unjust homicide or mutilation, 1803; restitution for fornication or adultery, 1803 b; restitution for injuries of soul, 1803 c; restitution for occupied goods, 1922; restitution of bribes, etc., 1946 c; restitution for jail-breaking, 1983; obligation of witness to make restitution, 1992; when a lawyer is bound to restitution, 2008; restitution for contumely, 2021 sqq.; cessation of obligation of restitution for contumely, 2026; restitution for defamation, 2085 sqq.; restitution of temporal price received for spiritual thing, 2340; restitution of temporal price received for temporal things annexed to spirituals, 2341; circumstances of restitution for simony, 2342; restitution of spiritual thing simoniacally received, 2343; restitution necessitated by breach of promise to marry, 2628 d; restitution for theft. See also Compensation.
Restraint, definition, 1866 d.
Revelations, private, 757.
Reverence, potential part of justice, 2142 c; definition of virtue, 2351; species of honor, 2352; obligation of religious cult of _dulia_, 2354.
Revilement, definition, 2012 b.
Rights, precedence in case of collision, 292.
Robbery, comparison with theft, 1892 a; kinds of theft and robbery, 1893 a; what constitutes grave matter in robbery, 1896. See also Theft; Injustice.
Rubrics, directive and preceptive, in administration of the Sacraments, 2669 c.
Rudeness, vice opposite to modesty, 2566 b.
Sacraments, of Old Testament, 339; denial of Christian Sacraments in cases of scandal, 1493; nature of Sacrament, 2654; outward sign, 2654 a; instituter of Sacraments, 2654 b; purpose of Sacraments, 2654 c; Sacraments of the Dead and of the Living, 2654 c; indelible character of some Sacraments, 2654 c; matter and form of the Sacraments, 2655; substantial changes in matter or form, 2655 a; substantial separations of matter and form, 2655 b; simultaneity of matter and form, 2656; accidental changes or separations of matter and form, 2658; substantial changes or separations, 2659; doubtful matter, 2660; Sacraments that have a necessity of means, 2661; reception of Sacraments _in re_ or _in voto_, 2662; Sacraments that have a necessity of precept, 2663; twofold ministry of the Sacraments (production and bestowal), 2664; requirements in the minister for valid performance of Sacrament, 2665; necessary intention, 2666; virtual, actual, habitual and interpretative intention, 2666 b; rules on plurality of intentions, 2667; requisites for use of conditional intention, 2668; lawful administration of Sacraments, 2669; minister’s worthiness before God, 2669 a; minister’s worthiness before Church, 2669 b; worthiness of ministration, 2669 c; directive and preceptive rubrics, 2669 c; explanation of ceremonies advised, 2669 c; multiplication of sins by unworthy administration, 2670; requirements for valid Sacrament in recipient, 2671; qualities of recipient’s intention, 2672; neutral intention, 2672 b; when virtual intention is necessary, 2673; when habitual and explicit intention suffices, 2674 b; when habitual and implicit intention suffices, 2674 b; requirements for lawful or fruitful reception of Sacrament by adult, 2675; obligation of minister to confer Sacraments, 2676; obligation of pastor to confer Sacraments, 2676 a; when minister is bound to deny them, 2677; administration to unworthy persons, 2678; simulation and dissimulation of Sacrament, 2680; administration of Penance and Extreme Unction to heretics and schismatics, 2681; repetition of Sacrament on account of invalid administration, 2682; reception of Sacrament from unworthy minister, 2683; forgiveness of sin through use of Sacraments, 2726.
Sacrament, Blessed, see Eucharist, Holy.
Sacramentals, definition, 2684; necessity and use, 2684 a, b.
Sacrifice, see Religion, Virtue of.
Sacrilege, definition, 2308; violation of what kind of consecration involves sacrilege? 2309; is sacrilege a special sin? 2310; species of sacrilege, 2311; personal sacrilege, 2311 a; local sacrilege, 2311 b; desecration, a form of sacrilege, 2311 b; profanation, a form of sacrilege, 2311 b; real sacrilege, 2311 c; special cases regarding local sacrilege, 2312; cases wherein there is no sacrilege, 2313; sacredness as aggravating circumstance of sin, 2314; malice of sacrilege, 2315; conditions that govern gravity of sacrilege, 2316; carnal sacrilege, 2533; personal sacrilege, 2533 c; local sacrilege, 2533 d; real sacrilege, 2533 e.
Sadness, concupiscible passion, 119.
Sapphism, form of impurity, 2534 c.
Satisfaction, for sin, 283. See also Penance, Sacrament of.
Scandal, various uses of word, 1445-46; definition, 1447; causes of, 1448; directly intentional (diabolical) and indirectly intentional, 1450; active and passive, 1453; acts that give scandal, 1454; obscenity (q.v.), 1455 sqq.; results of scandal, 1459; scandal resembles solicitation and complicity, 1460; persons apt to be scandalized, 1461; scandal given and scandal taken, 1464; Pharisaic scandal and “scandal of little ones,” 1464 b; sinfulness, 1465; is scandal a distinct species of sin? 1466; how scandal should be confessed, 1467; responsibility of scandalizer for injuries to third parties, 1470-71; gravity of sin, 1472; is any person immune from scandal? 1475; duty of avoiding, 1477; scandal of the weak forbidden by the natural law, 1479; surrender of temporal goods to avoid scandal, 1483; surrender of Church goods to avoid scandal, 1486-87; duty of repairing scandal, 1488; ways of repairing, 1489; public and private scandal, 1490 a; ordinary and extraordinary, 1490 b; denial of Sacraments in cases of scandal, 1493; prohibition against, 1552.
Schism, books in favor of, forbidden, 855 b; definition, 1364; principal schismatic movements, 1365; directly and indirectly voluntary schism, 1366; schism committed in two ways, 1368; three ways of rejecting decisions of Pope, 1369; schism compared with heresy, 1370; opposition between schism and charity, 1371; greatest sin against neighbor, 1372 a; not so serious as unbelief, 1372 b; formal and material schism, 1373.
Schismatics, spiritual powers of, 1374.
Scholastic Method, in Moral Theology, 13.
Schools, Dangerous, 867 sqq.; sectarian and neutral, 867; absolution of parents of children attending, 872; Catholic teachers in non-Catholic schools, 874.
Sciences, Natural, use in Moral Theology, 12.
Scripture, as Source of Moral Theology, 7.
Scrupulous, see Conscience.
Seal of Confession, see Penance, Sacrament of.
Second Sight, 2285 a.
Secret, violation of (infidelity), 2407; definition of a secret, 2408; natural, promised, entrusted or committed secret, 2408; sinfulness of violating secret, 2409; prying into others’ secrets, 2410; reading another’s letters or papers, 2411; lawfulness of utilizing knowledge of secret, 2412; sin committed by stealing or unduly using secret of another, 2413; obligation of keeping secret, 2414; comparison of secrets as regards binding force, 2415; cases wherein it is not necessary to keep secret, 2416; cases wherein it is not lawful to keep secret, 2417; lawfulness of revealing secret learned by stealth or force, 2420.
Sedition, definition, 1440; distinct species of sin, 1441; resistance to tyrannical government not sinful, 1443.
Seduction, 1495 sqq.; definition, 1496; malice, 1497; differs from mere permission to sin, 1500; sinful request, 1501; advice to commit evil, 1502; prearrangement of circumstances that lead to sin, 1504.
Self-Abuse, form of impurity, 2534 a.
Self-Beautification, morality of, 2570.
Self-Defamation, sin opposed to charity, 2028 e.
Self-Defense, Right of, 1826; conditions for exercise of this right, 1826 a; self-defense must be moderate, 1833; when it is obligatory, 1836; when it is not obligatory, 1837; defense of neighbor’s life against unjust aggressor, 1838; defense of material goods against unjust aggressor, 1840; defense of bodily purity against an unjust aggressor, 1841; defense of bodily integrity against an unjust aggrossor, 1842; defense of honor or reputation, 1843.
Self-Depreciation, form of lying, 2406.
Self-Glorification, form of lying, 2406.
Self-Love, commandment of, 1561; understood in many senses, 1561; sinful, natural and supernatural, 1136; charity demands an elicited supernatural self-love, 1562; demands pursuit of all goods necessary for attainment of happiness, 1563; care of the mind, 1564; neglect of education sinful, 1565; care of the body and health, 1566; care as to food and drink, 1567; fresh air, rest, physical exercise, 1568-1573; pursuit of honors and good name, 1574-1575; when self-detraction is lawful, 1577; dislike of self, 1305, 1307; may one wish evil to self? 1308.
Self-Starvation, sin opposed to abstemiousness, 2470 a.
Seminaries, courses of theology must follow St. Thomas Aquinas, 10.
Sensuality, 232, 117 sqq.; compared with impurity, 2492 a.
Sentence, Judicial, when it may be resisted, 1982 c; moral obligation when this is certainly just, 1959; moral obligation when this is certainly unjust, 1960.
Separation, see Matrimony, Sacrament of.
Servility, vice opposite to modesty, 2566 b.
Set-off, definition, 1927 a.
Shamefacedness, integral part of temperance, 2465 b.
Shintoism, 822 a.
Simony, origin of name, 2317; definition, 2318; temporal price in simony, 2319; spiritual thing in simony, 2320; temporal thing united with spiritual, 2321; temporal thing annexed to spiritual, 2322; various kinds of simony, 2323; confidential simony, 2324; simony against divine law, 2325; rules of Alexander III for determining simony, 2327; simony against divine law in reference to things annexed to spirituals, 2328; simony against ecclesiastical law, 2329; certain and uncertain simony, 2330; doubtful cases of simony, 2331; cases in which transaction is not simoniacal, 2332; theological malice of simony; 2335; moral malice of simony, 2336; invalidity and penalties of simoniacal contracts, 2337; canonical penalties for simony, 2338; influence of simony on spiritual effects, 2339; restitution of temporal price received for spiritual thing, 2340; restitution of temporal price received for temporal things annexed to spirituals, 2341; circumstances of restitution for simony, 2342; restitution of spiritual thing simoniacally received, 2343.
Simulation, form of lying, 2391 b; definition, 2403; sinfulness of simulation, 2404. See also Hypocrisy.
Sin, definition, 167; spiritual and carnal, 168 a, 224 sqq.; against God, neighbor or self, 168 h; mortal and venial, 168 c, 169; of commission or omission, 168 d; stages of (heart, mouth, work), 168 e; by excess or defect, 168 f; original and actual, 168 g; when matter of sin is grave, 171-172; advertence and consent conditions of mortal sin, 174 sqq.; mortal, condition of, 169 sqq.; venial, definition, 180; conditions, 181 sqq.; when imperfections become a sin, 186; when venial sin becomes mortal, 187-189; coalescence of, 189; multiplication of, 190; possible effect of wrong purpose, circumstances and harm foreseen, 191 sqq,; when mortal sin becomes venial, 194 sqq,; causes of sin, 246; effect of ignorance, passion and malice on, 249; external causes of, 252; distinct from temptation, 253; proximate and remote danger of, 258; possibility of, 259; guilt of one who exposes himself to sin, 2150; occasions of (proximate or remote, necessary or free, present or absent), 263 sqq.; motives of, 268 sqq.; results and penalties of, 272 sqq.; original and actual, 272 sqq.; stain of, 276; every sin removed by repentance, 2725 a; forgiveness of sin through the use of the Sacraments, 2726. See also Sins.
Sincerity, see Truthfulness.
Sinners, charity for, 1142; association with, 1145; friendship with, 1146.
Sins, theological and moral species, 197; specific distinction, 198; numerical multiplication, 197, 202 sqq.; rules of numerical distinction, 207 sqq.; comparison of, 220; sins against God, 227; against creatures, 228; subjects of (sensitive appetites, reason, will), 230 sqq,; sins of sensuality, 232; sins of thought, 233 sqq.; sins of desire, 237 sqq.; material (or objective) and formal (or subjective), 248; sins of weakness, ignorance and malice, 250. See also Sin.
Slander, definition, 2030 d. See also Defamation.
Sloth, 269; spiritual, 1064, capital sin, 1320 sqq.; definition, 1320; sinfulness, 1321; qualities of sin, 1322; sins that spring from sloth, 1324; conquest of sloth, 1325; prohibition against, 1552.
Sluggishness, sin opposed to diligence, 1326 b.
Sobriety, subjective part of temperance, 2465 a; definition, 2474; obligation to practise sobriety, 2475; sins against sobriety, 2476 a; morality of total abstinence, 2478 a; licit use of narcotics, 2485. See also Drunkenness.
Societies, Forbidden, 945 sqq.; forbidden by Code, 946; absolution of members, 949.
Sodomy, form of impurity, 2534 c.
Softness, 2534 a.
Solicitation, resemblance to scandal, 1460 a. See Seduction.
Sons of Temperance, Society forbidden by Church, 946 b.
Soul, First and Second Motions of the, 129.
Sortilege, form of divination, 2285 d.
Speculation, Sinful, 1879 f.
Spiritism, 823 b; sin against religion, 2284 b.
Sponsors, see Baptism, Sacrament of; Confirmation, Sacrament of.
Stain of Sin, 276.
State of Life, Duties of, knowledge of obligatory, 920.
Statesmanship, 1642 a, 1649 a.
States of Man, Four Historical, 331.
Steadfastness, act of fortitude, 2447 b.
Sterilization, morality of, 1869 a.
Stiffness, vice opposite to modesty, 2566 b.
Stipends, Mass, institution of, 2185 b. See also Mass, Sacrifice of the.
Stocks, purchase by clerics, 2605 a.
Stocks and Bonds, 1749 b.
Stolidity, vice opposed to patience, 2455.
Stranger, definition, 437; when subject to laws, 439-446.
Students, duties of, 2651 b.
Studiosity, potential part of temperance, 2465 c; definition of studiousness, 2562; vices opposed to studiousness, 2563 a; malice of the sins against studiousness, 2564 a; negligence, a sin against studiousness, 2564 b.
Subjects, duties to domestic and civil superiors, 2636.
Suffrage, Power of, 1649 b. See also Voting.
Suicide, books in favor of, forbidden, 855 b; voluntary and involuntary, direct and indirect, 1852 a; sinfulness of suicide, 1854; cooperation in suicide, 1855; authorization to commit suicide, 1856; when indirect suicide is lawful, 1857, 1858; when indirect suicide is unlawful, 1859; is it suicidal to refuse s necessary surgical operation? 1860; canonical penalties for suicide, 1861 a.
Sunday, Sanctification of, see Precepts of the Church.
Superfluities, from which alms must be given, 1227-1229.
Superior, Clerical, duties of, 2606 a; special duties to flock, 2607 a.
Superiors, Domestic and Civil, duties of, 2635. See also Employers; Subjects.
Superstition, see Religion, Sins against.
Surety, 1749 d.
Surgeons, duties of, 2651 c.
Surliness, sin against affability, 2423 b.
Syncretism, 823 b.
Synesis, part of judgment, 2432 d.
Synteresis, and Moral Theology, 2; directs the moral virtues, 1631 a.
Systems, Moral, 672 sqq.; Tutiorism, 672 a, 676 sqq.; Anti-tutiorism, 672 b; condemned by Church, 676; Laxism, 680 sqq.; condemned by Church, 681; Probabiliorism, 683 sqq.; Equiprobabilisrn, 688; Probabilism, 701 sqq.; Compensationism, 731 sqq.; practical conclusions, 739; respective merits and use of the rival systems, 740; use by confessors, 741.
Tale-Bearing, definition, 2103; sinfulness, 2104; circumstances which affect the species of tale-bearing, 2105.
Taoism, 822 a.
Taunting, form of contumely, definition, 2012 b.
Taxes, definition, 2637; kinds of taxes, 2638; just taxes, 2639; obligation to pay taxes, 2640 sqq.; obedience to tax laws, 2642.
Teachers, duties of, 2651 b.
Telepathy, and the virtue of religion, 2285 a.
Temperance, 150; golden mean in, 154 a, 157 b; differs from patience, 2453 a; definition of temperance, 2461; temperance and sensible pleasures, 2461 b; temperance and spiritual pleasures, 2461 b; rule of moderation, 2462; excellence of temperance, 2463; vices opposed to temperance, 2464; subjective parts of temperance, 2465 a; potential parts of temperance, 2465 c; integral parts of temperance, 2465 b; sobriety, 2476 sqq.; continence, 2544; incontinence, 2544 c; sinful indulgence, 2550; complements of the virtue of temperance, 2571 a; commandments of temperance, 2572 a.
Temptation, not a sin, 253; implicit or explicit, internal or external, direct or indirect, virtual or actual resistance to, 255; rules regarding resistance to, 256; exterior and interior temptations to impurity, 2497; resistance to internal temptations, 2498; what opposition to temptation is sufficient, 2499; insufficient, harmful and unnecessary opposition, 2500; weapons against carnal temptations, 2501; negligence in resisting temptations, 2508.
Temptation of God, see Religion, Sins against.
Tepidity, consequence of sloth, 1327.
Testament, New, see New Testament.
Testament, Old, see Old Testament.
Testimony, see Witness.
Theft, sin of injustice, 1872; definition of theft, 1890; plagiarism is form of theft, 1890 c; copyright infringement, a form of theft, 1890 c; kidnapping, a form of theft, 1890 c; comparison of theft and robbery, 1892 a; kinds of theft, 1893 a; sinfulness of theft, 1894 a; grave matter in theft of sacred objects, 1901; grave matter in domestic theft, 1903 a; theft by wife or minor child, 1904 a; theft by employees, 1905 a; theft of things about whose loss owner is less concerned, 1906 a; travelling without paying fare, 1907; when small thefts amount to grave matter, 1908 sqq.; moral connection between repeated acts of theft, 1912; interval of time between acts of theft, 1913; theft from joint owners, 1917; restitution in cases of theft, 1918 a; cases of doubt as to grave matter, 1919 a; occult compensation, 1920 b; when conversion of others’ property is permissible, 1920; conditions for lawful occupation of others’ goods, 1921 a; restitution for occupied goods, 1922; occupation in case of merely grave necessity, 1923; occupation of large sum by one in dire need, 1924 a; lawfulness of receiving support from thief, 1926; compensation for theft, see Compensation; condonation of domestic thefts, 1799.
Theologians, as source of Moral Theology, 10.
Theological Virtues, 151; golden mean in, 154 c; rank among virtues, 156. See Faith, Hope and Charity.
Theology, Ascetical and Mystical, 2573.
Theology, Moral, definition, 1; relation to Dogmatic Theology, 3.
Theosophical Societies, forbidden by Church, 946 b.
Theosophy, 823 b.
Third Orders, Secular, 955 a.
Thomas Aquinas, Saint, as source of Moral Theology, 10; arrangement of Moral Theology, 17; opinion on obligation of judge when evidence is contrary to his personal knowledge, 1951 c.
Thought, Sins of, 233 sqq.
Thoughts, Impure, see Impurity.
Thoughts, Sinful, 234.
Timidity, sin against fortitude, 2446 b.
Trading, definition, 2134; morality of trading in the strict sense, 2135; trading forbidden to clerics, 2604 a.
Tradition, 8; divine, Apostolic, ecclesiastical, 9.
Treasure Trove, when it may be occupied, 1873 c.
Tribadism, form of impurity, 2534 c.
Truth, necessary quality of lawful oath, 2249 b. See also Truthfulness; Lying.
Truthfulness, 2143 a; definition of virtue, 2385; excellence, 2386; sincerity and fidelity, 2387; vices opposed to truthfulness, 2388. See also Lying.
Truths, Natural and Supernatural, to which assent must be given, 784.
Tutiorism, see Systems, Moral.
Tyrannicide, lawfulness of, 1824 a.
Unbelief, Sin of, negative and positive, 813; ordinary and apostasy, 814; direct and indirect, 815-816; non-assent, 817; dissent (private and contrary unbelief), 818; infidelity, 822 a; order of gravity in unbelief, 824; dangers which lead to external expression of unbelief, 944 sqq. See also Heresy; Apostasy.
Unction, Extreme, Sacrament of, 2774; remote matter, 2774 a; proximate matter, 2774 b; form, 2774 c; recipient, 2774 d; minister, 2774 e; effects of, 2774 f; special duties of recipient, 2775 a; special duties of minister, 2775 b; special duties of pastor, 2775 c; special duties of faithful, 2775 d.
Understanding, integral part of prudence, 1637 a.
Understanding, Gift of, 160 a; given to perfect theological virtues, 808.
Unity of the Church, threefold, 1367.
Uranism, form of impurity, 2534 c.
Use, act of will, 59.
Usury, definition, 2136.
_Vagus_, definition, 437; when subject to laws, 438.
Vainglory, as origin of discord, 1354; origin of contention, 1362.
Vanity, vice against greatness of soul, 2450 c.
Vengeance, definition, 2381; morality of vengeance, 2382; excess and defect in vengeance, 2383; circumstances of vengeance, 2384.
Viaticum, see Communion, Holy.
Vice, definition, 167; and sin, see Sin.
Vices, Capital, Seven, 269 sqq.
Vindication, virtue, 2143 a. See also Vengeance.
Violence, invalidates consent to contract, 1884 d. See also Coercion.
Virginity, definition, 2488; loss of virginity, 2489; conditions necessary for virtue of virginity, 2490 a; excellence of virginity, 2491 a.
Virtue, subjective parts, 1639 h, 1745; integral parts, 1637, 2139; potential parts, 1646, 2141; parts, 1635, 1636, 2447, 2465.
Virtues, definition, 142; division, 143; practical intellectual, 146-148; moral, definition, 149; four cardinal virtues, 150; theological, 151; three causes of virtues (nature, practice and infusion), 152; inchoative and perfected, 152; properties of, 153; golden mean in, 154 b; rank among virtues, 156-157; in the blessed, 158; complements of, 159; properties of seven infused virtues, 745; order of theological virtues, 746; priority of a virtue in duration, by nature, and in excellence, 1028. See also Faith; Hope; Charity; Cardinal Virtues; Act, virtuous.
Vision, Beatific, relation to charity, 1116.
Vocation, internal, 2597; external, 2597 b; vocation to the clerical state, 2597 a; sinfulness of disregarding vocation, 2598 a.
Volksverein, 955 b.
Voting, duty of exercising the electoral franchise, 2643; manner of voting, 2644; obligation to seek office, 2645.
Vow, definition, 2191; personal, real and mixed vows, 2192; singular and common vows, 2192 b; temporary and perpetual vows, 2192 c; absolute and conditional vows, 2192 d; penal and non-penal vows, 2192 d; explicit and implicit vows, 2192 e; determinate and disjunctive vows, 2192 e; private and public vows, 2192 f; simple and solemn vows, 2192 f; vows in Canon Law, 2193; distinction between solemn and simple vows, 2194; knowledge and deliberation necessary for valid vow, 2195; freedom of will necessary for valid vow, 2196; cases in which fear does not invalidate vow, 2197; vows of doubtful validity, 2198; intention necessary for valid vow, 2199; matter of vow, 2200; vows that promise something necessary, 2201; when fulfillment of vow is only partly possible, 2202; vows that promise something displeasing to God, 2203; vows that promise something indifferent, 2205; meaning of better good in vow, 2206; vows invalidated by promise of lesser good, 2207; when one has taken two opposite vows, 2208; obligation of vow, 2209; gravity of obligation, 2210; rules for determining what is important matter in vow, 2211; coalescence of light into grave matter in vow, 2212; delay in fulfilling vow, 2214; time when vow obliges, 2213; person obliged to fulfill a vow, 2215; manner of fulfilling vow, 2216; obligation of certain kinds of vows, 2217; interpretation of doubtful vows, 2218; advantages of vows to vowers, 2220; when good vow may be sinful, 2221; merit of fulfilling vow that one regrets, 2222; persons who can make vow, 2223; dependence of vower on will of another, 2224; validity of vows made by subjects, 2225; cessation of vows, 2226; annulment of vows, 2228; reason necessary for annulment of vow, 2229; differences between direct and indirect annulment of vow, 2230; dispensation of vow, 2231; reasons sufficient for dispensation, 2232; sinfulness of unnecessary dispensation, 2233; persons who have power of dispensation, 2234; dispensation from religious vow of chastity, 2235; dispensation from vow made for benefit of third party, 2236; commutation of vows, 2238; good works that may be substituted for vows, 2239; persons who have authority to commute vow, 2240; cause required for commutation of vow, 2241; reversion to original vow, 2242; duties of confessors in reference to private vows, 2243; obligation of vow of obedience, 2364; religious vows, obligation of the three principal vows, 2612 a.
Vulgarity, vice against greatness of deed, 2452 b.
Wagers, Sinful, 1879 c.
Waldensianism, 822 c.
War, definition, 1376; just and unjust, 1377; offensive and defensive, 1378; not against law of God, 1380; nor against law of nature, 1383; three conditions for lawfulness, 1384; who may declare war? 1385; what is just cause of war? 1386; sufficient causes, 1389 sqq.; insufficient causes, 1393; when justice of cause is doubtful, 1394; can there be justice on both sides? 1396; duties before beginning war, 1398-99; duties during war, 1401 sqq.; lawful means of warfare, 1403; acts of war and sacred times, 1405; and sacred places, 1406; and sacred persons, 1407; combatants, non-combatants and neutrals, 1408; killing or wounding of combatants, 1409; of non-combatants, 1410; punishment of military crimes, 1411; imprisonment and restraint of enemy subjects, 1412; destruction and seizure of property, 1413; booty and looting, 1414-1415; lawfulness of stratagems, 1416; of reprisals, 1417; duties of victor, 1418; rights, 1419; obligation of victor whose cause was unjust, 1420-21; indemnities, 1422; guarantees for future, 1424; punishment for crimes committed during war, 1425; preparation for future wars, 1426; preparation for peace, 1427.
Weakness, Sins of, 250 a.
Whispering, form of defamation, 2103 sqq.
Whoremongering, definition, 2526 b.
Wicliffism, 822 c.
Will, acts elicited or commanded by, 56-62; three acts of, 58; consent of, condition of mortal sin, 174, 184, 196; as subject of sin, 231.
Will (Testament), definition, 1876; defects of a will, 1876.
Wisdom, intellectual virtue, 157 c.
Wisdom, Gift of, 160 a; corresponds with and serves charity, 1609; nature of Gift, 1610; object of, 1610 d; in its cause, Wisdom belongs to the will, 1611 a; in its essence, to the intellect, 1611 b; Wisdom is both speculative and practical, 1612; practical uses of, 1613; likeness to the other Gifts, 1614 a; difference from, 1614 b; persons who possess Wisdom, 1615; differs from the “word of wisdom,” 1616 b; varying degrees, 1617; exercise of Gift, 1618; corresponds to Seventh Beatitude, 1619 a; and to certain Fruits, 1619 b; direction given by Wisdom to human actions, 1620; sins opposed to Wisdom, 1621; false wisdom, 1623.
Wish, as act of will, 58.
Witness, reliability of, 1984; obligation of freely appearing as witness, 1985; obligation of appearing under lawful citation, 1986; obligation to answer truthfully, 1987; witness and concealment of facts, 1993; payment of witnesses, 1994; matters regarding which witness should not testify, 1988; sinfulness of false testimony, 1990; obligation of witness to make restitution, 1992; concealment of truth in presenting case, 2006; sinfulness of introducing false or corrupted documents, 2007.
Wives, see Matrimony, Sacrament of.
“Word of Wisdom,” 1616 b.
Words, Unjust, see Injustice.
Works of Mercy, seven corporal, 1221; seven spiritual, 1222.
Worship, False, communication in, 956 sqq.; cooperation in, 976 sqq.; contributions to, 981; building of houses of false worship, 983. See also Religion, Sins against.
Wounding, definition, 1866 b.
Writings, Forbidden, 861; when use allowed, 862; permission to read, 865; censures incurred through use, 866; formal cooperation with, 1529. See Books and Reading, Dangerous.
Y.M.C.A., Society forbidden by Church, 946 b.
Young Men’s Institute. 955 b.
Zoroastrianism, 822 a.