The Project Gutenberg eBook ofMother's RemediesThis ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this ebook or online atwww.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook.Title: Mother's RemediesAuthor: Thomas Jefferson RitterRelease date: January 1, 2006 [eBook #17439]Most recently updated: March 5, 2009Language: EnglishCredits: Produced by Don Kostuch*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MOTHER'S REMEDIES ***
This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this ebook or online atwww.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook.
Title: Mother's RemediesAuthor: Thomas Jefferson RitterRelease date: January 1, 2006 [eBook #17439]Most recently updated: March 5, 2009Language: EnglishCredits: Produced by Don Kostuch
Title: Mother's Remedies
Author: Thomas Jefferson Ritter
Author: Thomas Jefferson Ritter
Release date: January 1, 2006 [eBook #17439]Most recently updated: March 5, 2009
Language: English
Credits: Produced by Don Kostuch
*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MOTHER'S REMEDIES ***
Produced by Don Kostuch
[Transcriber's Notes]
Some of the suggestions in this book may be helpful or at least have a placebo effect. Beware of the many recipes that include kerosene (coal oil), turpentine, ammonium chloride, lead, lye (sodium hydroxide), strychnine, arsenic, mercury, creosote, sodium phosphate, opium, cocaine and other illegal, poisonous or corrosive items. Many recipes do not specify if it is to be taken internally or topically (on the skin). There is an extreme preoccupation with poultices (applied to the skin, 324 references) and "keeping the bowels open" (1498 references, including related terms).
I view this material as a window into the terror endured by mothers and family members when a child or adult took ill. The doctors available (if you could afford one) could offer little more than this book. The guilt of failing to cure the child was probably easier to endure than the helplessness of doing nothing.
There are many recipes for foods I fondly remember eating as a child.
Note the many recipes for a single serving that involve lengthy and labor-intensive preparation. Refrigeration was uncommon and the temperature of iceboxes was well above freezing, so food had to be consumed quickly.
Many recipes use uncooked meat and eggs that can lead to several diseases.
Obvious typographical errors have been corrected but contemporary spelling and usage are unchanged. Page headers are retained, but are moved to the beginning of the paragraph where the text is interrupted. Page numbers are shown in brackets [ ].
The author claims the material is directed toward non-medical "family" members, but many passages are obviously copied from medical textbooks. The following glossary of unfamiliar (to me) terms is quite lengthy and does not include incomprehensible (to me) medical terms and many words and names I could not find in several reference books. The book's own 16 page dictionary is on page 893.
I recommend the article on "hydrophobia" (page 241) as an interesting history of the Pasture treatment.
Don Kostuch
Transcriber's Dictionary
These entries are absent or brief in the original dictionary on page 893. A short cooking dictionary is on page 831. Check there for items not found here.
acetanilide (also acetanilid)White crystalline compound, C6H5NH(COCH3), formerly used to relieve painand reduce fever. It has been replaced because of toxicity.
AconiteVarious, usually poisonous perennial herbs of the genus Aconitum, havingtuberous roots, palmately lobed leaves, blue or white flowers with largehoodlike upper sepals, and an aggregate of follicles. The dried leavesand roots of these plants yield a poisonous alkaloid that was formerlyused medicinally. Also called monkshood, wolfsbane.
actinomycosis (lumpy jaw)Inflammatory disease of cattle, hogs, and sometimes humans, caused byactinomyces; causes lumpy tumors of the mouth, neck, chest, and abdomen.
Addison's diseaseCaused by partial or total failure of adrenocortical function;characterized by a bronze-like skin color and mucous membranes, anemia,weakness, and low blood pressure.
ad libitumAt the discretion of the performer. Giving license to alter or omit apart.
affusionPouring on of liquid, as in baptism.
agueAlternating periods of chills, fever, and sweating. Used in reference tothe fevers associated with malaria.
aletris farinosa (Colicroot, star grass, blackroot,blazing star, and unicorn root )Bitter American herb of the Bloodwort family, with small yellow or whiteflowers in a long spike (Aletris farinosa and A. aurea).
algidCold; chilly.
alkanetEuropean perennial herb (Alkanna tinctoria) having cymes of blue flowersand red roots. The red dye extracted from the root. Plants of theEurasian genus Anchusa, having blue or violet flowers grouped onelongated cymes.
allylUnivalent, unsaturated organic radical C3H5.
aloinBitter, yellow crystalline compound from aloe, used as a laxative.alumDouble sulfates of a trivalent metal such as aluminum, chromium, or ironand a univalent metal such as potassium or sodium, especially aluminumpotassium sulfate, AlK(SO4)2 12H2O, widely used in industry asclarifiers, hardeners, and purifiers and medicinally as topicalastringents and styptics.
anemoninAcrid poisonous compound containing two lactone groups; obtained fromplants of the genus Anemone and genus Ranunculus, containing thebuttercups.
aneurysm (aneurism)Localized, blood-filled dilatation of a blood vessel caused by diseaseor weakening of the vessel wall.
animadversionStrong criticism. Critical or censorious remark:
aniseAromatic Mediterranean herb (Pimpinella anisum) in the parsley family,cultivated for its seed-like fruits and the oil; used to flavor foods,liqueurs, and candies.
anodyneRelieves pain.
antipyrine (antipyrin, phenazone)Analgesic and antipyretic (reduces fever) C11H12N2O formerly used, butnow largely replaced by less toxic drugs such as aspirin.
antrumCavity or chamber, especially in a bone. Sinus in the bones of the upperjaw, opening into the nasal cavity.
apomorphinePoisonous white crystalline alkaloid, C17H17NO2, derived from morphineand used to induce vomiting.
arnicaPerennial herbs of the genus Arnica. Tincture of the dried flower headsof the European species A. montana, applied externally to relieve thepain and inflammation of bruises and sprains.
articularRelating to joints: the articular surfaces of bones.
asafetida (asafoetida)Fetid (offensive odor) gum resin of Asian plants of the genus Ferula(especially F. assafoetida, F. foetida, or F. narthex). It has a strongodor and taste, and was formerly used as an antispasmodic and a generalprophylactic against disease.
atresiaAbsence or closure of a normal body orifice or tubular passage such asthe anus, intestine, or external ear canal. Degeneration and resorptionof one or more ovarian follicles before a state of maturity has beenreached.
atropinePoisonous, bitter, crystalline alkaloid, C17H23NO3, obtained frombelladonna and related plants. Used to dilate the pupils of the eyes andas an antispasmodic.
bainmarieLarge pan of hot water in which smaller pans may be placed to cook foodslowly or to keep food warm.
barberryShrubs of the genus Berberis having small yellow flowers, and red,orange, or blackish berries.
barytaA barium compounds, such as barium sulfate.
basteSew loosely with large running stitches to hold together temporarily.
batisteFine, plain-woven fabric made from various fibers and used especiallyfor clothing.
bedizenOrnament or dress in a showy or gaudy manner.
belladonna (deadly nightshade)Poisonous Eurasian perennial herb (Atropa belladonna) with solitary,nodding, purplish-brown, bell-shaped flowers and glossy black berries.An alkaloidal extract of this plant used in medicine.
benne (sesame)Tropical Asian plant (Sesamum indicum) bearing small flat seeds used asfood and as a source of oil.
benzoinBalsamic resin obtained from certain tropical Asian trees of the genusStyrax and used in perfumery and medicine. Also called benjamin, gumbenjamin, gum benzoin. A white or yellowish crystalline compound, C14H12 O2, derived from benzaldehyde.
berberineBitter-tasting yellow alkaloid, C20H19NO5, from several plants such asgoldenseal. Used medically as an antipyretic and antibacterial agent.
bergamotSmall tree (Citrus aurantium subsp. bergamia) grown in southern Italyfor its sour citrus fruits. The rinds yield an aromatic oil (bergamotoil) used in perfume.
beri-beriDeficiency of thiamine, endemic in eastern and southern Asia andcharacterized by neurological symptoms, cardiovascular abnormalities,and edema.
BerserkerAncient Norse warriors legendary for working themselves into a frenzybefore a battle and fighting with reckless savagery and insane fury.
bijouterieCollection of trinkets or jewelry; decorations.
biliousRelating to bile. Excess secretion of bile. Gastric distress caused by adisorder of the liver or gallbladder. Resembling bile, especially incolor: a bilious green. Peevish disposition; ill-humored.
bistortEurasian perennial herb (Polygonum bistorta) with cylindrical spikes ofpink flowers and a rhizome used as an astringent in folk medicine.
blue flagSeveral irises with blue or blue-violet flowers, especially Irisversicolor of eastern North America.
blue stone (blue vitriol, blue copperas, chalcanthite)Hydrated blue crystalline form of copper sulfate.
bobbinetMachine-woven net fabric with hexagonal meshes.
boilPainful, circumscribed pus-filled inflammation of the skin andsubcutaneous tissue usually caused by a local staphylococcal infection.Also called furuncle.
bolsterLong narrow pillow or cushion.
bombazineFine twilled fabric of silk and worsted or cotton, often dyed black formourning clothes.
boracic acid (boric acid)Water-soluble white or colorless crystalline compound, H3BO3, used as anantiseptic and preservative.
boutonniereFlower or small bunch of flowers worn in a buttonhole.
bryoniaSmall genus of perennial old world tendril-bearing vines (familyCucurbitaceae) having large leaves, small flowers, and red or blackfruit; Dried root of a bryony (Bryonia alba or B. dioica) used as acathartic.
bubo (buboes)An inflamed, tender swelling of a lymph node, especially in the area ofthe armpit or groin, that is characteristic of bubonic plague andsyphilis.
bubonic plague (black death)Contagious, often fatal epidemic disease caused by the bacteriumYersinia (syn. Pasteurella) pestis, transmitted from person to person orby the bite of fleas from an infected rodent, especially a rat; produceschills, fever, vomiting, diarrhea, and the formation of buboes.
buchuSouth African shrubs of the genus Agathosma, especially A. betulina andA. crenulata; the leaves are used as a mild diuretic and provide anaromatic oil used for flavoring.
burdockWeedy, chiefly biennial plants of the genus Arctium.
cachexiaWeight loss, wasting of muscle, loss of appetite, and general debilityduring a chronic disease.
cajeput (paperbark)Australian and southeast Asian tree (Melaleuca quinquenervia, M.leucadendron) of the myrtle family (Myrtaceae); yields a pungentmedicinal oil; grown in Florida.
calamineWhite or colorless mineral, essentially Zn4Si2O7(OH)2.H2O(hemimorphite). Pink, odorless, tasteless powder of zinc oxide with asmall amount of ferric oxide, dissolved in mineral oils and used in skinlotions.
calcareousComposed of calcium carbonate, calcium, or limestone; chalky.
caleVariety of cabbage in which the leaves do not form a head, being nearlythe wild form of the species; also called kail.
calomelColorless, white or brown tasteless compound, Hg2Cl2, used as apurgative and insecticide. Mercurous chloride.
cambricFinely woven white linen or cotton fabric.
cantharis (pl. cantharides) (also called Spanish fly) Brilliant green blister beetle (Lytta vesicatoria or Cantharis vesicatoria) of central and southern Europe. Toxic preparation of the crushed, dried bodies of this beetle, formerly used as a counter-irritant for skin blisters and as an aphrodisiac.
capsicumTopical American pepper plants, genus Capsicum, especially C. annuum andC. frutescens.
capsid (mirid bug, mirid)Variety of leaf bug.
carbolic acid (phenol)Caustic, poisonous, white crystalline compound, C6H5OH, derived frombenzene and used in resins, plastics, and pharmaceuticals and in diluteform as a disinfectant and antiseptic.
carbuncleA painful localized bacterial infection of the skin that usually hasseveral openings discharging pus.
cardamomRhizomatous (horizontal, usually underground stem) Indian herb(Elettaria cardamomum) having capsular fruits with aromatic seeds usedas a spice or condiment. Plants of the related genus Amomum, used as asubstitute for cardamom.
carminativeInducing the expulsion of gas from the stomach and intestines.
cascara (See Rhamnus purshiana)A buckthorn native to northwest North America; the bark yields cascarasagrada.
cassiaTropical or subtropical trees, shrubs, or herbs of the genus Cassia inthe pea family, having yellow flowers, and long, flat or cylindricalpods. Tropical Asian evergreen tree (Cinnamomum cassia) having aromaticbark used as a substitute for cinnamon.
Castile soapFine, hard, white, odorless soap made of olive oil and sodium hydroxide.
castor oilColorless or pale yellowish oil extracted from the seeds of thecastor-oil plant, used as a laxative and skin softener.
catarrhInflammation of mucous membranes, especially in the nose and throat.
catechu (cutch, Acacia catechu, betel palm)Spiny Asian tree with yellow flowers, and dark heartwood. A raw materialobtained from the heartwood of this plant, used in the preparation oftannins and brown dyes.
caudalNear the tail or hind parts; posterior. Similar to a tail in form orfunction.
caustic potash (potassium hydroxide)Caustic white solid, KOH, used as a bleach and in the manufacture ofsoaps, dyes, alkaline batteries.
cerateHard, unctuous, fat or wax-based solid, sometimes medicated, formerlyapplied to the skin directly or on dressings.
chambrayFine lightweight fabric woven with white threads across a colored warp.
chancelSpace around the altar of a church for the clergy and sometimes thechoir, often enclosed by a lattice or railing.
charyCautious; wary; not giving or expending freely; sparing.
chelidniumHerbs of the poppy family (Papaveraceae) with brittle stems, yellowishacrid juice, pinnately divided leaves, and small yellow flowers thatincludes the celandine. Preparation of celandine (Chelidonium majus)used formerly as a diuretic.
CheviotBreed of sheep with short thick wool, originally raised in the CheviotHills. Fabric of coarse twill weave, used for suits and overcoats,originally made of Cheviot wool.
chicken poxCaused by the varicella-zoster virus; indicated by skin eruptions,slight fever, and malaise. Also called varicella.
chilblainInflammation and itchy irritation of the hands, feet, or ears, caused bymoist cold.
chloral hydrateColorless crystalline compound, CCl3CH(OH)2, used as a sedative andhypnotic.
chlorosisIron-deficiency anemia, primarily of young women, indicated bygreenish-yellow skin color.
cholera infantumAcute non-contagious intestinal disturbance of infants formerly commonin congested areas with high humidity and temperature.
cholera morbusAcute gastroenteritis occurring in summer and autumn exhibiting severecramps, diarrhea, and vomiting. No longer in scientific use.
choreaNervous disorders marked by involuntary, jerky movements, especially ofthe arms, legs, and face.
ChrysarobinBitter, yellow substance in Goa powder (from the wood of a Braziliantree Vataireopsis araroba), and yielding chrysophanic acid; formerlycalled chrysphanic acid.
cinchona (Jesuit's bark, Peruvian bark)Trees and shrubs of the genus Cinchona, native chiefly to the Andes andcultivated for bark that yields the medicinal alkaloids quinine andquinidine, which are used to treat malaria. Dried bark of these plants.
CinnamylHypothetical radical, (C6H5.C2H2)2C, of cinnamic compounds. Formerly,cinnamule.
clonicThe nature of clonus—contraction and relaxation of muscle.
cocculusPoisonous bean-shaped berry of a woody vine (Anamirta cocculus) of theEast Indies that yields picrotoxin.
cochinealRed dye made of the dried and pulverized bodies of female cochinealinsects.
coddleCook in water below the boiling point: coddle eggs. Treat indulgently;baby; pamper.
codling (codlin)Greenish elongated English apple used for cooking. Small unripe apple.
Cohosh (baneberry, herb Christopher)Plant of the genus Actaea having acrid poisonous berries; especiallyblue cohosh, black cohosh.
colchicumVarious bulbous plants of the genus Colchicum, such as the autumncrocus. The dried ripe seeds or corms (short thick solid food-storingunderground stem) of the autumn crocus which yield colchicine.
collodionHighly flammable, colorless or yellowish syrupy solution of pyroxylin,ether, and alcohol, used as an adhesive to close small wounds and holdsurgical dressings, in topical medications, and for making photographicplates.
colocynth (bitter apple)Old World vine (Citrullus colocynthis) bearing yellowish, green-mottledfruits the size of small lemons. The pulp of the fruit is a stronglaxative.
colombo (calumba)Root of an African plant (Jatrorrhiza palmata, family Menispermaceae)containing columbin; it is used as a tonic called calumba root orcolombo root.
colostrum (foremilk)Thin yellowish fluid secreted by the mammary glands at birth, rich inantibodies and minerals. It precedes the production of true milk.
coltsfoot (galax)Eurasian herb (Tussilago farfara), naturalized in parts of North Americawith dandelion-like flower heads. Dried leaves or flower heads of thisplant have been long used in herbal medicine to treat coughs.
consommeClear soup or bouillion boiled down so as to be very rich.
contretempsUnforeseen disruption of the normal course of things; inopportuneoccurrence.
copaibaTransparent, often yellowish, viscous oleoresin from South Americantrees of the genus Copaifera in the pea family, used in varnishes and asa fixative in perfume.
copperas (ferrous sulfate)Greenish crystalline compound, FeSO4.7H2O, used as a pigment,fertilizer, and feed additive, in sewage and water treatment, and in thetreatment of iron deficiency.
corrosive sublimateMercuric chloride.
costalRelating to or near a rib.
costiveConstipated
cranesbill (geranium, storksbill) Plants of the genus Geranium, with pink or purplish flowers. Various plants of the genus Pelargonium, native chiefly to southern Africa and widely cultivated for their rounded and showy clusters of red, pink, or white flowers.
cream of tartarPotassium bitartrate. White, acid, crystalline solid or powder,KHC4H4O6, used in baking powder, in the tinning of metals, and as alaxative.
Creasote (creosote)Colorless to yellowish oily liquid containing phenols and creosols,obtained by the destructive distillation of wood tar, especially frombeech, and formerly used as an expectorant in treating chronicbronchitis. Also used as a wood preservative and disinfectant. May causesevere neurological disturbances if inhaled.
crepe de ChineSilk crepe used for dresses and blouses.
cretonneHeavy unglazed cotton, linen, or rayon fabric, colorfully printed andused for draperies and slipcovers.
croton oilBrownish-yellow, foul-smelling oil from the seeds of a tropical Asianshrub or small tree (Croton tiglium); formerly used as a drasticpurgative and counterirritant. Its use was discontinued because of itstoxicity.
croupCondition of the larynx, especially in infants and children, causingrespiratory difficulty and a hoarse, brassy cough.
Culver's rootPerennial herb (Veronicastrum virginicum) native to eastern NorthAmerica; the root was formerly used as a cathartic and an emetic.
cuppingTherapeutic procedure, no longer in use; an evacuated glass cup isapplied to the skin to draw blood to the surface.
CuprumCopper.
CuracaoFlavored with sour orange peel. Popular island resort in the NetherlandsAntilles.
cystitisInflammation of the urinary bladder.
damaskRich patterned fabric of cotton, linen, silk, or wool. Fine, twilledtable linen.
deadly night-shade (bittersweet, bittersweet nightshade, climbingnightshade, poisonous nightshade, woody nightshade, Solanum dulcamara)Perennial Eurasian herb with reddish bell-shaped flowers and shiningblack berries; extensively grown in United States; roots and leavesyield atropine (belladonna, Atropa belladonna).
decolleteCut low at the neckline. Wearing a garment that is low-cut or strapless.
demi-mondeClass of women kept by wealthy lovers or protectors; prostitutes; groupwhose respectability is dubious or whose success is marginal.
demulcentSoothing, usually mucilaginous or oily substance, such as glycerin orlanolin, used to relieve pain of irritated mucous membranes.
diathesisHereditary predisposition to disease, allergy, or other disorder.
digitalisPlant of the genus Digitalis, including foxgloves. Drug prepared fromthe seeds and dried leaves used as a cardiac stimulant.
dilatoryDelay or postpone.
discomfitMake uneasy or perplexed; disconcert; embarrass; thwart the plans of;frustrate.
dry cuppingSee cupping.
dysmenorrheaPainful menstruation.
effusionSeeping of serous, purulent, or bloody fluid into a body cavity ortissue. The effused fluid.
eiderdown (eider down)Down of the eider duck, used to stuff quilts and pillows. Quilt stuffedwith the down of the eider duck.
empyemaPus in a body cavity, especially the pleural cavity.
ennuiListlessness, dissatisfaction, lack of interest; boredom:
Epsom saltsHydrated magnesium sulfate, MgSO4.7H2O, used as a cathartic and toreduce inflammation.
ergotFungus (Claviceps purpurea) infecting cereal plants; forms compact blackmasses of branching filaments that replace many of the grains of thehost plant. Disease caused by such a fungus. The dried sclerotia ofergot obtained from rye is a source of several medicinal alkaloids andlysergic acid.
erigeronGenus of composite herbs having flower heads resembling asters. Formerlyused as a diuretic and as a hemostatic in uterine hemorrhage
erysipelasAcute skin disease caused by hemolytic streptococcus; marked bylocalized inflammation and fever. Also called Saint Anthony's fire.
escharDry scab or slough formed on the skin caused by a burn or by the actionof a corrosive or caustic substance.
eucaineA crystalline substance, C15H21NO2, used as a local anesthetic,substituting for cocaine, in veterinary medicine.
eucalyptol (cineole)Colorless oily liquid, C10H18O, from eucalyptus; used inpharmaceuticals, flavoring, and perfumery.
eucalyptusTrees of the genus Eucalyptus, native to Australia; they have aromaticleaves that yield an oil used medicinally.
farcy (see glanders)Chronic form of glanders that affects the skin and superficial lymphvessels.
febrileferverish
felonPainful purulent infection at the end of a finger or toe in the areasurrounding the nail. Also called whitlow.
ferrocyanateSalt of ferrocyanic acid; a ferrocyanide.
fistulaAn abnormal duct or passage resulting from injury, disease, or otherdisorder that connects an abscess, cavity, or hollow organ to the bodysurface or to another hollow organ.
flounceStrip of decorative, gathered or pleated material attached by one edge,as on a garment or curtain.
fondantSweet creamy sugar paste used in candies and icings. Candy containingthis paste.
fontanellesThe soft membranous gaps between the incompletely formed cranial bonesof a fetus or an infant. Also called soft spot.
formaldehydeColorless gaseous compound, HCHO, used to manufacture resins,fertilizers, dyes, and embalming fluids and in aqueous solution as apreservative and disinfectant.
formalinAqueous solution of formaldehyde that is 37 percent by weight.
fossaA small depression, as in a bone.
foulardLightweight twill or plain-woven fabric of silk or silk and cotton,often having a small printed design. Necktie or scarf, made of thisfabric.
Fowler's solutionSolution of arsenite of potassium in water; named for Fowler, an Englishphysician who brought it into use.
frock coatMan's dress coat or suit coat with knee-length skirts.
fuller's earthHighly adsorbent (attaches to other substances without any chemicalaction) clay-like substance consisting of hydrated aluminum silicates;used in talcum powders.
fly blisterBlister caused by the vesicating (blistering) body fluid of certainbeetles.
fusiformTapered at each end; spindle-shaped.
galateaDurable, often striped cotton fabric used in making clothing.
galax (beetleweed, coltsfoot, wandflower)Stemless evergreen perennial plant (Galax urceolata) of the eastern US,with a rosette of glossy, heart-shaped leaves and small white flowers inspike-like clusters.
gallic acidColorless crystalline compound, C7H6O5, derived from tannin used as atanning agent, ink dye, in photography, and paper manufacturing.
gambogeBrownish or orange resin from trees of the genus Garcinia ofsouth-central Asia and yielding a golden-yellow pigment.
gaucherieAwkward or tactless act, manner, or expression.
gelsemiumGenus of climbing plants. The yellow (false) jasmine (Gelsemiumsempervirens) is a native of the Southern United States; the root isused for malarial fevers.
gentianPlants of the genus Gentiana, having showy, variously colored flowers.The dried rhizome and roots of a yellow-flowered European gentian, G.lutea, used as a tonic.
germanderAromatic plants of the genus Teucrium, with purplish or reddish flowers.
ginghamYarn-dyed cotton fabric woven in stripes, checks, plaids, or solidcolors.
glaceSmooth, glazed or glossy surface, such as certain silks or leathers.Coated with a sugar glaze; candied.
glairySlimy consistency, like egg white; cough producing glairy sputum.
glandersContagious, usually fatal disease of horses, caused by the bacteriumPseudomonas mallei; causes swollen lymph nodes, nasal discharge, andulcers of the respiratory tract and skin. Communicable to other mammals,including humans.
glaubers salts(Na2SO4.10H2O); colorless salt used as a cathartic.
gleetInflammation of the urethra caused by chronic gonorrhea with a dischargeof mucus and pus; the discharge that is characteristic of thisinflammation.
GlonoinDilute solution of nitroglycerin used as a neurotic.
glyceritePreparation made by mixing or dissolving a substance in glycerin.
glycyrrhizaWidely distributed perennial herbs of the family Leguminosae thatinclude licorice. Dried root of a licorice of the genus Glycyrrhiza (G.glabra); used to mask unpleasant flavors in drugs or to give a pleasanttaste to confections called licorice.
goiter (goitre)Enlargement of the thyroid gland; often results from insufficient intakeof iodine.
golden sealSee hydrastis.
groatsHulled, usually crushed grain, especially oats.
grosgrainClosely woven silk or rayon fabric with narrow horizontal ribs. Ribbonmade of this fabric.
gruelThin porridge (usually oatmeal or cornmeal). See page 574.
guaiacum (guaiac )Tree of the genus Guaiacum; a lignum vitae. Greenish-brown resin fromthis tree, used medicinally and in varnishes.
gustatoryConcerning the sense of taste.
haematuriaBlood in the urine.
hamamelisGenus of shrubs or small trees (family Hamamelidaceae), including thewitch hazels. Dried leaves of a witch hazel (Hamamelis virginiana) ofthe eastern U.S. used formerly as a tonic and sedative.
hartshornAntler of a hart, formerly used as a source of ammonia and in smellingsalts. Ammonium carbonate.
helleborePlants of the genus Helleborus, native to Eurasia, most of which arepoisonous. Plants of the genus Veratrum, especially V. viride of NorthAmerica, yielding a toxic alkaloid used medicinally.
henbane (black henbane, insane root)Poisonous Eurasian plant (Hyoscyamus niger) having an unpleasant odor,sticky leaves, and funnel-shaped greenish-yellow flowers. It is a sourcehyoscyamus, hyoscamine and scopolamine.
hennaTree or shrub (Lawsonia inermis) of the Middle East, having fragrantwhite or reddish flowers. Reddish-orange dyestuff prepared from thedried and ground leaves of this plant, used as a cosmetic dye and forcoloring leather and fabrics. To dye (hair, for example) with henna.
HeparLiver of sulphur; a substance of a liver-brown color, sometimes used inmedicine. Fformed by fusing sulphur with carbonates of the alkalies(esp. potassium), and consists essentially of alkaline sulphides. Calledalso hepar sulphuris. A substance resembling hepar; in homeopathy,calcium sulphide, called also hepar sulphuris calcareum.
hepatica (liverleaf)Woodland plants of the genus Hepatica, especially H. americana ofeastern North America, having three-lobed leaves and white or lavenderflowers.
Herpes ZosterVaricella-zoster virus: A herpesvirus that causes chickenpox andshingles. Causes an acute viral infection—inflammation of the sensoryganglia of spinal or cranial nerves and the eruption of vesicles alongthe affected nerve path. It usually strikes only one side of the bodyand is often accompanied by severe neuralgia.
Honduras BarkDried bark of a tropical American tree (Picramnia antidesma) formerlyused in the treatment of syphilis and skin diseases.
Hunyadi (Hunyady )Hungarian noble family, partly of Romanian origin. The first recordedmember of the family was Serbe, who settled in Hunyad county inTransylvania from Wallachia.
hydrastisGenus of herbs (family Ranunculaceae) with palmately lobed leaves andsmall greenish flowers and including the goldenseal (H. canadensis). Thedried rhizome and roots of the goldenseal formerly used in pharmacy as abitter tonic and antiseptic called also goldenseal.
hydragogueCathartics that aid in the removal of edematous fluids and promote thedischarge of fluid from the bowels.
hydrophobia (rabies)Viral disease of the nervous system of warm-blooded animals. Transmittedby a rhabdovirus (genus Lyssavirus) in infected saliva of a rabidanimal. Causes increased salivation, abnormal behavior, and paralysisand death when untreated
hypophosphiteSalt of hypophosphorous acid.
hyoscine (scopolamine)An alkaloid, C17H21NO4, from plants such as henbane; used as a mydriatic(dilatate the pupils) and sedative, and to treat nausea and motionsickness.
hyoscyamusPoisonous Eurasian herbs of the family Solanaceae that have simpleleaves, irregular flowers, and include the henbane (H. niger). Driedleaves of the henbane containing the alkaloids hyoscyamine andscopolamine, used as an antispasmodic and sedative.
ichthyol Oily substance prepared by the dry distillation of a bituminous mineral containing fossil fishes. Used as a remedy for some skin diseases.
ignatiaDried ripe seeds of the Saint-Ignatius's-bean used like nux vomica.
impetigoContagious bacterial skin infection, usually of children, indicated bythe eruption of superficial pustules with thick yellow crusts, commonlyon the face.
incommodeCause inconvenience; disturb.
inspissateUndergo thickening or cause to thicken, as by boiling or evaporation;condense.
intercostalRelating to or near a rib.
iodoformYellowish crystalline compound, CHI3, used as an antiseptic.
ipecacTropical American shrub (Cephaelis ipecacuanha) that yields emetine.Medicinal preparation made from this shrub used to induce vomiting.
Iris Florentina (Florentine iris, orris, Iris germanica florentina, Iris florentina) German iris having large white flowers and a fragrant rhizome.
Irish moss (carrageen)Edible North Atlantic seaweed (Chondrus crispus) that yields amucilaginous substance used medicinally and in preparing jellies.
iritisInflammation of the iris of the eye.
jalapEastern Mexican vine (Ipomoea purga) with tuberous roots that are dried,powdered, and used as a cathartic.
jocoseGiven to joking; merry; humorous.
kamalaAsian tree (Mallotus philippinensis) that bears a hairy capsular fruit;vermifugal powder is obtained from the capsules of this tree.
kinoReddish resin from several Old World trees of the genera Eucalyptus,Pterocarpus, and Butea and from tropical American trees of the generaCoccoloba and Dipteryx.
kumiss (koumiss)Fermented milk of a mare or camel, used as a beverage in western andcentral Asia.
La GrippeInfluenza.
lancinatingSensation of cutting, piercing, or stabbing.
lardWhite solid or semisolid rendered fat of a hog.
laudanumTincture of opium, formerly used as a drug.
leukemia (leucemia, leukaemia, leucaemia) Disease in humans and other warm-blooded animals involving the blood-forming organs; causes an abnormal increase in the number of white blood cells in the tissues with or without a corresponding increase in the circulating blood.
lime (calcium oxide)White, caustic, lumpy powder, CaO, used as a refractory, as a flux, inmanufacturing steel and paper, in glassmaking, in waste treatment, ininsecticides, and as an industrial alkali.
Slaked lime is calcium hydroxide, a soft white powder, Ca(OH)2, used inmaking mortar, cements, calcium salts, paints, hard rubber products, andpetrochemicals.
litmusColoring material from lichens that turns red in acid solutions and bluein alkaline solutions.
Liveforever (orpine, orpin, livelong, Sedum telephium)Perennial northern temperate plant with toothed leaves and heads ofsmall purplish-white flowers.
lobeliaSee Herb Department, page 428.
lochiaNormal uterine discharge of blood, tissue, and mucus from the vaginaafter childbirth.
lupusSystemic lupus erythematosus. Chronic skin conditions characterized byulcerative lesions that spread over the body. No longer in scientificuse.
lupulinMinute yellowish-brown hairs in the strobili of the hop plant, formerlyused in medicine as a sedative.
lycopodiumPlant of the genus Lycopodium, including club mosses. The yellowishpowdery spores of certain club mosses, especially Lycopodium clavatum,are used in fireworks and as a coating for pills.
madrasCotton or silk cloth of fine texture, usually with a plaid, striped, orchecked pattern. Large handkerchief of madras cloth.
malinesThin, stiff net woven in a hexagonal pattern, used in dressmaking.
mandrake (may-apple)Southern European plant (Mandragora officinarum) having greenish-yellowflowers and a branched root. This plant was once believed to havemagical powers because its root resembles the human body. The rootcontains the poisonous alkaloid hyoscyamine. Also called mandragora. Seepodophyllin.
marseilleHeavy cotton fabric with a raised pattern of stripes or figures.
meatusBody opening or passage, such as the opening of the ear or the urethra.
menorrhagiaUnusually heavy or extended menstrual flow.
menstruumSolvent used to extract compounds from plant and animal tissues andpreparing drugs.
messalineLightweight, soft, shiny silk cloth with a twilled or satin weave.
mezereonPoisonous Eurasian ornamental shrub (Daphne mezereum) with fragrantlilac-purple flowers and small scarlet fruit. The dried bark of thisplant was used externally as a vesicant (blistering agent) andinternally for arthritis.
miliaryAppearance of millet seeds. Small skin lesions with the appearance ofmillet seeds.
mulleinEurasian plants of the genus Verbascum, especially V. thapsus. Alsocalled flannel leaf, velvet plant.
muriateChloride; compound of chlorine with another element or radical;especially, a salt or ester of hydrochloric acid called.
myrrhAromatic gum resin from trees and shrubs of the genus Commiphora ofIndia, Arabia, and eastern Africa, used in perfume and incense.
methyl salicylateLiquid ester C8H8O3 obtained from the leaves of wintergreen (Gaultheriaprocumbens) or the bark of a birch (Betula lenta); now madesynthetically, and used as a flavoring and a counterirritant.
motherwortEurasian plants of the genus Leonurus, especially L. cardiaca, a weedhaving clusters of small purple or pink flowers.
mugwortAromatic plants of the genus Artemisia, especially A. vulgaris, nativeto Eurasia; used as a condiment.
mustard plaster (sinapism)Medicinal plaster made with a paste-like mixture of powdered blackmustard, flour, and water, used as a counterirritant.
nephritisVarious acute or chronic inflammations of the kidneys, such as Bright'sdisease.
naphthalene (naphthaline, tar camphor)White crystalline compound, C10H8, derived from coal tar or petroleumand used in manufacturing dyes, moth repellents, and explosives and as asolvent.
nebulizeTo convert a liquid to a fine spray; atomize.To treat with a medicated spray.
nainsookSoft lightweight muslin used for babies.
NeroliAn essential oil made by distilling the flowers of the orange; it isused in perfume.
nitre (niter, saltpeter)Potassium nitrate, KNO3, used in making gunpowder.
nux vomicaTree (Strychnos nux-vomica) native to southeast Asia, having poisonousseeds that are the source of the medicinal alkaloids strychnine andbrucine.
ocher (ochre)Yellow, brown, or red mineral oxides of iron used as pigments.
oil of vitriolSulfuric acid; highly corrosive, dense, oily liquid, H2SO4, colorless todark brown depending on its purity and used to manufacture a widevariety of chemicals and materials including fertilizers, paints,detergents, and explosives.
omentumFolds of the peritoneum (membrane lining the abdominal cavity) thatconnect the stomach with other abdominal organs.
ophthalmia neonatorum (infantile purulent conjunctivitis)Various forms of conjunctivitis in newborns, usually contracted duringbirth from passage through the infected birth canal of the mother.
orchitisInflammation of the testes, often the result of mumps or otherinfection, trauma, or metastasis.
organdy (organdie)Stiff transparent fabric of cotton or silk, used for trim, curtains, andlight apparel.
OriganumMarjoram. Genus of mint-like plants (Origanum). The sweet marjoram (O.Majorana) is aromatic and fragrant, and used in cooking. The wildmarjoram of Europe and America (O. vulgare) is less fragrant.
orrisSeveral species of iris with a fragrant rootstock, especially Irisgermanica, used in perfumes and cosmetics.
panadaPaste or gruel of bread crumbs, toast, or flour combined with milk,stock, or water; used for soups or thickening sauces.
Paralysis Agitans (Parkinson's disease, shaking palsy)Progressive nervous disease causing destruction of brain cells thatproduce dopamine, muscular tremor, slowing of movement, partial facialparalysis, peculiarity of gait and posture, and weakness.
paregoricA camphorated tincture of opium, taken internally for the relief ofdiarrhea and intestinal pain
Paris greenPoisonous emerald-green powder, C4H6As6Cu4O16, used as a pigment,insecticide, and wood preservative.
pedicle (pedicel)Small stalk or stalk-like structure, especially one supporting orconnecting an organ or other body part. Slender foot-like part, as atthe base of a tumor.
pell mellJumbled, confused manner; helter-skelter; frantic disorderly haste;headlong:
pemphigusSeveral acute or chronic skin diseases characterized by groups ofitching blisters.
pennyroyalEurasian mint (Mentha pulegium) with small lilac-blue flowers that yieldan aromatic oil. Aromatic plant (Hedeoma pulegioides) of eastern NorthAmerica, having purple-blue flowers that yields an oil used as an insectrepellent
peptonize Convert protein into a peptone (water-soluble protein derivative produced by partial hydrolysis of a protein by an acid or enzyme ). Dissolve (food) by means of a proteolytic enzyme.
pernicious anemia (Addison's anemia, malignant anemia.)Severe anemia in older adults, caused by failure absorb vitamin B12;causes abnormally large red blood cells, gastrointestinal disturbances,and lesions of the spinal cord.
pharyngitisInflammation of the pharynx.
phenacetine (phenacetin)White, crystalline compound, C10H13O2N, used as an antipyretic.
phloxNorth American plants of the genus Phlox, having opposite leaves andflowers.
phytolacca decandra (Scoke, Poke, Pokeweed)Tall coarse perennial American herb with small white flowers followed byblackish-red berries on long drooping racemes; young fleshy stems areedible; berries and root are poisonous.
picric acidPoisonous, yellow crystalline solid, C6H2(NO2)3OH, used in explosives,dyes, and antiseptics.
piece de resistanceOutstanding accomplishment. Principal dish of a meal.
pilocarpusSmall tropical American shrubs (family Rutaceae) with small greenishflowers.
pilocarpine muriate3-ethyl-4-[(3-methylimidazol-4-yl)methyl]oxolan-2-one hydrochlorideC11H17ClN2O2
piqueVexation caused by a perceived slight or indignity; feeling of woundedpride.
pleurodyniaParoxysmal pain and soreness of the muscles between the ribs. Epidemicdisease caused by a coxsackievirus, causing pain in the lower chest andfever, headache, and malaise.
podophyllinBitter-tasting resin from the dried root of the may apple; used as acathartic.
pokeweed (pokeberry, pokeroot.)Tall North American plant (Phytolacca americana) with small whiteflowers, blackish-red berries, and a poisonous root.
prickly ashDeciduous or evergreen shrubs or trees of the genus Zanthoxylum.
probangLong, slender, flexible rod with a tuft or sponge at the end; used toremove objects from or apply medication to the larynx or esophagus.
proteid (obsolete term)Protein.
proud fleshSwollen flesh that surrounds a healing wound, caused by excessivegranulation (Small, fleshy, bead-like protuberances—new capillaries—onthe surface of a wound that is healing).
pruritusSevere itching, often of undamaged skin.
Prunus Virginiana (Chokecherry)Astringent fruit of a species of wild cherry; the bush or tree whichbears such fruit.
pterygiumAbnormal mass of tissue on the conjunctiva of the inner corner of theeye that obstructs vision by covering the cornea.
pulsatillaDried medicinal herb from a pasqueflower (especially Anemone pulsatilla)formerly used to treat amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea.
punctilioFine point of etiquette. Precise observance of formalities.
purpuraHemorrhages in the skin and mucous membranes having the appearance ofpurplish spots or patches.
pyemiaSepticemia (blood poisoning) caused by pyogenic (producing pus)microorganisms in the blood, often resulting in the formation ofmultiple abscesses.
pyrogallic AcidWhite, toxic crystalline phenol, C6H3(OH)3, used as a photographicdeveloper and to treat certain skin diseases.
quassiaTropical American shrub (Quassia amara) with bright scarlet flowers. Abitter substance from its wood is used in medicine and as aninsecticide.
Queen of the meadow (Meadowsweet)European herbaceous plant (Spiraea Ulmaria). North American shrubs(Spiraea alba or S. latifolia) having umbel-shaped clusters of whiteflowers. Perennial herbs of the genus Filipendula in the rose family.
quinineBitter, colorless, powder or crystalline alkaloid, C20H24N2O2-3H2O,derived from cinchona barks and used to treat malaria.
quinceWestern Asian shrub or tree (Cydonia oblonga) with white flowers andhard apple-like fruit.
quinsyAcute inflammation of the tonsils and surrounding tissue, often leadingto an abscess.
rabiessee hydrophobia
ranunculus bulbosusPerennial Old World buttercup with yellow flowers in late spring toearly summer.
red precipitateMercuric oxide (HgO) a heavy red crystalline powder formed by heatingmercuric nitrate, or by heating mercury in the air.
repousseOrnamented with patterns in relief made by pressing or hammering on thereverse side;
resorcinol (resorcin)White crystalline compound, C6H4(OH)2, used to treat certain skindiseases and in dyes, resin adhesives, and pharmaceuticals.
Rhamnus Purshiana (Cascara buckthorn )Buckthorn of the Pacific coast of the United States, which yieldscascara sagrada.
rhatanyDried root of South American shrubs (Krameria lappacea or K. argentea)used as an astringent and in toothpaste and mouthwash.
rheumatic feverAcute inflammatory disease occurring after an infection from group Astreptococci, marked by fever and joint pain. Associated withpolyarthritis, Sydenham's chorea, and endocarditis; frequently causesscarring of the heart valves.
rheumatismPainful disorder of the joints or muscles or connective tissues. Chronicauto-immune disease with inflammation of the joints and markeddeformities.
rhusGenus of vines and shrubs including poison ivy, poison oak, and poisonsumac.
rickets (rachitis)Childhood disease caused by a lack of vitamin D or calcium and frominsufficient exposure to sunlight, characterized by defective bonegrowth.
Rochelle saltsPotassium sodium tartrate; colorless efflorescent crystalline compound,KNaC4H4O6.4H2O, used in making mirrors, in electronics, and as alaxative
rucheRuffle or pleat of lace, muslin, or other fine fabric used to trimwomen's garments.
rumex Crispus (chrysophanic acid)Yellow crystalline substance found in the root of yellow dock (Rumexcrispus).
rushStiff marsh plants of the genus Juncus, having pliant hollow or pithystems and small flowers with scale-like perianths (outer envelope of aflower,).
sagoPowdery starch from the trunks of sago palms; used in Asia as a foodthickener and textile stiffener.
sal-ammoniacammonium chloride; white crystalline volatile salt NH4Cl, used in drycells and as an expectorant called.
saleratusSodium or potassium bicarbonate used as a leavening agent; baking soda.
salicylateSalt or ester of salicylic acid.
salicylic acidWhite crystalline acid, C6H4(OH)(COOH), used to make aspirin and totreat skin conditions such as eczema.
salolWhite crystalline powder, C13H10O3, derived from salicylic acid and usedin plastics, suntan oils, analgesics and antipyretics. Was a trademark.
saltpetre (potassium nitrate, saltpeter, niter, nitre)(KNO3) used especially as a fertilizer, explosive and a diuretic.
salt rheumPopular name in the United States, for skin eruptions, such as eczema.Eczema; inflammatory skin disease, indicated by redness and itching,eruption of small vesicles, and discharge of a watery exudation, whichoften dries up, leaving the skin covered with crusts;—called alsotetter, and milk crust.
sanguinariaRhizome (horizontal, underground stem) and roots of the bloodroot(Sanguinaria canadensis) used formerly as an expectorant and emetic.
sedulousPersevering and constant in effort or application; assiduous.
sennaPlants of the genus Cassia, having showy, nearly regular, usually yellowflowers. Dried leaves of Cassia angustifolia or C. acutifolia, used as acathartic.
santoninColorless crystalline compound, C15H18O3, wormwood, especiallysantonica; used to expel or destroy parasitic intestinal worms.
sarsaparillaTropical American plants, genus Smilax, with fragrant roots used as aflavoring. Dried roots of any of these plants. Sweet soft drink flavoredwith these roots.
savinEvergreen Eurasian shrub (Juniperus sabina) with brownish-blueseed-bearing cones and young shoots that yield an oil formerly usedmedicinally.
scrofula (struma)A form of tuberculosis affecting the lymph nodes, especially of theneck. Common in children. Spread by unpasteurized milk from infectedcows.
scurfScaly or shredded dry skin, such as dandruff.
scurvyDisease caused by deficiency of vitamin C (citrus fruit; oranges,limes,..); causes spongy and bleeding gums, bleeding under the skin, andextreme weakness.
SeidlitzA village in Bohemia (also Sedlitz). Seidlitz powders, effervescingsalts, consisting of forty grains of sodium bicarbonate, two drachms ofRochell salt (tartrate of potassium and sodium) and thirty-five grainsof tartaric acid. The powders are mixed in water, and drunk whileeffervescing, as a mild cathartic; the result resembles the naturalwater of Seidlitz. Also Rochelle powders.
senegaDried root of seneca snakeroot containing an irritating saponin and wasformerly used as an expectorant
sesquioxideOxide containing three atoms of oxygen with two atoms (or radicals) ofsome other substance; thus, alumina, Al2O3 is a sesquioxide.
shirrCook (unshelled eggs) by baking until set.
sinapism.See mustard plaster.
sitz bathBathtub shaped like a chair, used to bathe only the hips and buttocks.
slaked limeSee lime
slingDrink consisting of brandy, whiskey, or gin, sweetened and usuallylemon-flavored.
smallpoxContagious febrile (feverish) disease characterized by skin eruptionwith pustules, sloughing, and scar formation. It is caused by a poxvirus(genus Orthopoxvirus) that is believed to exist now only in labcultures.
smilax (catbrier, greenbrier)Slender vine (Asparagus asparagoides) with glossy foliage, greenishflowers, heart-shaped leaves, and bluish to black berries; popular as afloral decoration.
SocotrinePertaining to Socotra, an island in the Indian Ocean, on the east coastof Africa.
sordesDark brown or blackish crust-like deposits on the lips, teeth, and gumsof a person with dehydration resulting from a chronic debilitatingdisease.
spermacetiWhite, waxy substance from the head of the sperm whale used for makingcandles, ointments, and cosmetics.
spematorrhea (spermatorrhoea)Involuntary discharge of semen without orgasm
spigelia (pinkroot )Genus of American herbs (family Loganiaceae) related to the nux vomicaand used as anthelmintics (expel or destroy parasitic intestinal worms).
sprueChronic, chiefly tropical disease characterized by diarrhea, emaciation,and anemia, caused by defective absorption of nutrients from theintestinal tract.
squill (sea onion)Bulbous Eurasian and African plants of the genus Scilla, having narrowleaves and bell-shaped blue, white, or pink flowers. The dried innerscales of the bulbs used as rat poison and formerly as a cardiacstimulant, expectorant, and diuretic.
stephanotisWoody climbing plants of the genus Stephanotis, especially S. floribundaof Madagascar, cultivated for its showy fragrant white flowers.
staphisagria (stavesacre)Eurasian plant of the genus Delphinium (D. staphisagria). Ripe seeds ofthe stavesacre contain delphinine, are violently emetic and carthartic,and have been used to kill head lice called also staphisagria
steppagePeculiar gait seen in neuritis of the peroneal nerve and in tabesdorsalis; high stepping to allow the drooping foot and toes to clear theground.