Unionist, iii. 57;Leader of the Liberal-Unionists in the Commons, iii. 66;on disestablishment, iii. 173;joins Lord Salisbury's Cabinet, iv. 18, 19;handling of Jameson Raid, iv. 20;Colonial Secretary, iv. 20;and Venezuelan arbitration, iv. 22;on expedition to Khartum, iv. 24;and Bloemfontein conference, iv. 36;Australian Commonwealth Bill, iv. 41;resignation, iv. 50;Tariff Reform campaign, iv. 50-1;death, iv. 99;views on old age pensions, iv. 119Chamberlain, Rt. Hon. Austen, and Ulster crisis, iv. 97Channel Tunnel scheme, ii. 138; iii. 202, 204; iv. 191-2Chaperon, decline of, iii. 265Chaplin, Rt. Hon. Henry (afterwards Viscount Chaplin), iv. 4;and agricultural depression, iv. 113-14;on old age pensions, iv. 119;defeated in 1906, iv. 58Chard, Lieutenant, V.C., hero of Rorke's Drift, iii. 23Charing Cross Road opened, iii. 180Charing Cross Terminus built, ii. 153Chartism, i. 49seq.;Great Petition, i. 9, 49;defended, i. 10, 50ill.;Ebenezer Elliott and, i. 51;P.'spetition, i. 54.See alsoCorn LawsChelsea Bun House, i. 158Chevalier, Albert, coster songs, iii. 373Chignons, ii. 324seq.Child labour, ii. 58seq.Childers, Right Hon. Hugh, ii. 54, 139; iii. 21Children, precocity, i. 88,ill.;letter to Hans Andersen, i. 89;Comic Blackstoneon, i. 90;actors, i. 275;Employment Commission, ii. 60;education, ii. 60; iv. 136seq.;acrobats, ii. 63;tormentors of, ii. 127;fairy tales for, ii. 128-9; iv. 138-9;poor, condition of, iii. 86seq.;fashions, iii. 313seq.;Country Holiday Fund, iv. 106;modern children, iv. 136-7, 140;Christmas presents of, iv. 255Chimney Sweepers' Regulation Acts, ii. 59, 63; iii. 306China, war with, ii. 4, 16;and foreigners, iii. 64;"Boxer" rising, iv. 8, 41;commercial interests of Powers in, iv. 31Chinese labour, iv. 125, 130;for domestic service, rumour of, iii. 272Choate, Mr. Joseph, American ambassador to England, iv. 36Cholera epidemic, i. 152, 239Christian Science, iii. 254; iv. 160Christmas cards, fashionable, iii. 278Church Army, iii. 171Church of England, i. 91seq.;wealthy bishops, i. 95 seq.;poor curates, i. 97seq.; 172;Church schools, i. 99;P.opposes extremists, i. 104;"The Pet Parson," i. 105ill.;doctrinal controversies in, i. 106;Church Congress, 1869, ii. 45;P.'sProtestantism, ii. 101;comprehension and toleration, ii. 102;sale of pew rents, ii. 104;P.on the richest and poorest Church in the world, ii. 105;Church services, ii. 106;attacks on ritualism and mock monks,ibid.;Mackonochie and Purchas cases, ii. 108;Puseyism, ii. 109;Essays and Reviews, ii. 109;heresy-hunting of Jowett and Colenso, ii. 110-112;Irish Church Disestablishment, ii. 113-114, 116;Pan-Anglican Synod, ii. 119ill., 120;Public Worship Regulation Act, iii. 157-158;attacks on Anglican intolerance, on Mr. Tooth and Mr. Mackonochie, iii. 160;"Mitred Misery," iii. 172;doctrinal opportunism,ibid.;disestablishment scare in 1885, iii. 173;trial of Bishop King of Lincoln, iii. 174;Bishop Jayne commended,ibid.;education controversies, iv. 146-50;curates and cricket, iv. 158;Kikuyu controversy, iv. 160Church, Roman Catholic: Hierarchy for England, i. 99;P.'santi-Papal crusade, i. 100seq.;Catholic emancipation, i. 108;P.'santi-Vaticanism, ii. 101-102, 106;welcome to Père Hyacinthe, ii. 113;priests and Fenians, ii. 114;Gladstone's pamphlet onVatican Decrees, iii. 158-9;hostility to Manning, iii. 162;treatment of Roman Catholics in the Abbey, iii. 167;Burnand's position, iii. 172;obituary verses on Manning, iii. 174;tribute to Cardinal Wiseman, in 1898, iv. 158;comment on French interdict of religious orders in 1906, iv. 159;tribute to Leo XIII, iv. 160Churchill, Lord Randolph, iii. 6, 50seq.; iii. 32, 34; iv. 6, 14, 25;in Salisbury Cabinet, iii. 43;and Ulster, iii. 46;at the Treasury, iii. 47;on national defence, iii. 69Churchill, Mr. Winston, iv. 6, 94;on Upper Chamber reform, iv. 67;on Navy Estimates (1912), iv. 78;scheme for naval holiday, iv. 85, 91;and aerial armaments, iv. 93Cigarettes, appearance of, ii. 142Cinematograph, iv. 123, 181, 189Civil Service, candidates for, i. 226;open competition instituted, ii. 43Civil List pensions, i. 234"Claimant," the, ii. 206-10, 320Clairvoyantes, ii. 203Clanricarde, 1st Marquess, ii. 197Clarence, Duke of, birth, ii. 181;death, iii. 234Clarendon, 4th Earl of, i. 79; ii. 31Classical scholarship,P.on, i. 88Cleopatra's Needle, iii. 179Clerkenwell Prison, Fenian attempt to blow up, ii. 27Clerks, condition of, iii. 91seq.;female, iii. 125Cleveland, President, iv. 11;and Venezuelan arbitration, iv. 22"Clicquot, King."SeeFrederick William IV, King of PrussiaClifford, Dr., and education, iv. 150Clifford's Inn demolished, iv. 204"Climbing-boy" scandal, ii. 58-9, 63-4; iii. 86"Close, Poet," i. 234; ii. 272Club, a fashionable, i. 217ill.;library in, i. 218;ladies', i. 244;P.'sallusion to the Athenæum, ii. 222Coal, extortionate tolls, i. 59;mining,ibid.;future of, ii. 83;high price of, ii. 92seq.;strike of December, 1893, iv. 111;crisis in 1912, iv. 134Cobbe, Miss Frances P., iii. 310Cobden, Richard, i. 5;and gold mania, i. 76;and arbitration, i. 118;subservience to America, i. 132;attacks sinecures, i. 190;death, ii. 24;enraged with Palmerston, ii. 72Cock-fighting, iii. 103Cockney dialect, iii. 197"Coffin-ships," ii. 99seq.Cole, Sir Henry, ii. 190Colenso, Bishop of Natal, case of, ii. 101, 111seq.Coleridge, John, 1st Lord, ii. 133, 209Colet, Dean of St. Paul's and founder of St. Paul's School, iii. 148Collins, C. A. "Convent Thoughts" caricatured, i. 299Collings, Mr. Jesse, M.P., iii. 99Colonial and Indian Exhibition, iii. 288Colonial Governors Act, ii. 25Colorado beetle, advent of, iii. 208Colosseum, the, in Regent's Park, i. 155Colvile, General, iv. 45Colvin, Sir Sidney, and Burne-Jones, iii. 334Comédie Française troupe, ii. 284Comedy and melodrama, ii. 288seq.Comedy, musical,P.'sburlesques of, iv. 321, 322, 324;popularity of, iv. 338Comet, of 1857, ii. 202;of 1858, ii. 40Comic Blackstone, The, i. 90, 232Commercial travellers, female, iii. 125Commune, French, ii. 37Compulsory service, iv. 58, 66Comte de Paris, iii. 58Concert music, i. 289seq.; ii. 306seq.;promenades, iv. 340;Queen's Hall Sunday, iv. 341Connaught (Prince Arthur), Duke of, ii. 19; iii. 223;Royal grant for, ii. 187;marriage, iii. 218seq.;resigns succession to Dukedom of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, iv. 220Confessional, the, ii. 101, 106, 109Congo atrocities, iv. 66Conrad, Joseph, iv. 291-2Conscience clause in Education Act of 1870, ii. 123, 126"Conscientious objectors" to vaccination, iv. 118Conservative Reform Bill, ii. 96Conspiracy Bill, indignation at, ii. 9Constantine, King, of Greece, iv. 83Constantinople Conference, iii. 14Constitution Hill, "Quadriga" on, iv. 207Convocation, Houses of, sessions, ii. 54Cook, Dr., Arctic explorer, iv. 190Cook, Thomas, & Son, travel agency, iii. 269Cookery, i. 245;British, ii. 200Cooks and teachers, wages of, i. 33Co-operative societies, ii. 200Copyright, international, advocated, i. 234Coquelin, M., visits England in 1887, iii. 347;inCyrano de Bergerac, iv. 319Corelli, Miss Marie, a rival to Shakespeare, iv. 280;her novels reviewed, iv. 281, 284Corn Laws, campaign against, i. 5;Disraeli opposes repeal of, i. 28;repealed, i. 51; ii. 43Corporal punishment, ii. 132; iii. 142Corsets, iii. 307, 310Cosmetics, ii. 326seq., 330; iv. 247Cospatrick, burning of the, iii. 86Costa, Sir Michael, i. 294; ii. 305, 307Coup d'Etat of 1851, i. 120, 196Court, the, i. 165seq.;crowds at drawing-rooms, i. 189ill.;bal poudréridiculed, i. 190; ii. 169-96; iii. 215-34; iv. 215-27Court Circularcriticized, i. 179Covent Garden Market, i. 151;state of, iii. 182seq.; iv. 210Covent Garden Theatre, burned in 1808 and 1856, re-opened in 1858, i. 157; ii. 302noteCoventry ribbon trade, distress, ii. 324Cowper, 7th Earl, iii. 373Coxwell, H., aeronaut, ii. 142; iii. 207Crabbe, George, iv. 105Craig, Gordon, iv. 306"Cramming" in schools, ii. 131Cranborne, Lord,seeSalisburyCranbrook, 1st Earl of, iii. 37Crane, Walter, iii. 221Crawford and Balcarres, 25th Earl of, ii. 204Crawley, Peter, prize-fighter, ii. 341Crawshay, Mrs., of Cyfarthfa, and "lady helps," iii. 270Craze for writing memoirs, iii. 250seq.Cremation legalized, ii. 223; iii. 275Cremorne Gardens, i. 159;fête at, ii. 241;closed, iii. 177Crewe, 1st Marquess of;on anti-Lords campaign, iv. 63;in Mr. Asquith's Cabinet, iv. 91Crichton-Browne, Sir James, and higher education of women, iii. 123;report on Board schools, iii. 138;on vegetarianism, iii. 209Cricket, ii. 344seq.; iii. 292seq.;cricket schoolmasters, ii. 131;played by women, iii. 132;visits of Australian team, iii. 292, 294;Englandv.Australia, iv. 349;explaining it away,ibid.;cricket as a passport to politics, iv. 350;Warwickshire's triumph, iv. 351;ladies at,ibid.Crime, iii. 100seq.; iv. 123;fostered by harmful literature, iii. 143seq.Crimean war:declared, i. 124;hospital scandals, i. 126seq.;postal service breaks down, i. 126;"Jolly Russian Prisoners," i. 129;brave deeds unrecognized, i. 129, 130;profiteering,ill., i. 130;peace party's efforts, i. 131;corps of navvies,ibid.;Sebastopol inquiry, i. 132;discontent with peace terms,ibid.;P.advocates "frightfulness,"ibid.;peace rejoicings, i. 133;post-war parallels, i. 134; iii. 109Crimes Act, iii. 44, 50Crinolines, i. 258seq.; ii. 174seq., 225ill., 320seq.;threatened revival of, iii. 311; iv. 265Critics, dramatic, iv. 320Crockford's Gambling Club, i. 221Crompton, Samuel, inventor of spinning mule, ii. 73Cromwell, Oliver, suggested statue of, i. 196, 197ill.; iv. 205, 206Croquet, ii. 238, 346; iii. 303; iv. 355Crossley, Frank, iii. 171Crown and Court,seeCourtCruikshank, George, ii. 335;death, iii. 332seq.Crystal Palace:name coined by Douglas Jerrold, i. 40;moved to Sydenham, i. 44;Queen Victoria opens, i. 47;humorous handbooks to,ibid.;concerts, ii. 308seq., 311;exhibitions at, iii. 99, 287Cuba annexed to U.S., iv. 30Cubitt, Joseph, C.E., ii. 150Cuffey, the Chartist, i. 55Cumming, Dr. John, ii. 154;prophesies end of world, ii. 202Curragh Camp troubles, iv. 94Curry powder for the poor, i. 17Curzon, 1st Marquess, and exclusion of Peers from Commons, iv. 18;and Oxford University, iv. 157;and Upper Chamber reform, iv. 67Cyder Cellars, i. 220Cyprus annexed, iii. 17Daily Mail:champions windmills and standard bread, iv. 116;and middle classes, iv. 126;founded 1896, iv. 295;circulation of,ibid.Dalkeith, 6th Earl of, defeated by Gladstone, iii. 26Dances, new and old:Barn-dance, Washington Post, Boston, Bunny-hug, Morris-dances, Tango,iv. 234-7, 239, 240Dancing craze, i. 209; iv. 229;skating ballet,ill., i. 280Darwin, Charles, ii. 214; iii. 375seq.Davenport Brothers, ii. 205Death Duties Budget, 1894, iv. 4, 15Declaration of London, iv. 75Delane, J. T., editor ofThe Times, i. 235;eulogized, iii. 327;Dasent'sLifeandP.'scomments, iv. 298Delarey, General, in London, iv. 46Delcassé, M., French statesman, iv. 78Delhi, capture of, ii. 7Denison, George Anthony, Archdeacon of Taunton, ii. 120; iii. 162Denison, J. E., Speaker of House of Commons, ii. 79Derby, 14th Earl of, ii. 9, 272;resigns Premiership, ii. 28, 29;death, ii. 31;and Reform Bill, 1867, ii. 42, 85;and Lancashire cotton famine, ii. 72;forms Cabinet, 1866, ii. 79;and Reform League, ii. 83;and Irish Church Bill, 1869, ii. 116Derby, 15th Earl of, and Sabbatarians, i. 91;and Russo-Turkish war, iii. 16Derby-Disraeli administration, ii. 50De Reszke, Jean and Edouard, iii. 356, 360seq.; iv. 332Desclée, Aimée, French actress, ii. 286Destinn (Destinnova), Mme. Emmy, iv. 334Devonshire, 7th Duke of, opens docks at Barrow-in-Furness, ii. 84;death, iii. 66Devonshire, 8th Duke of, at War Office, iii. 111;joins Lord Salisbury's Cabinet, iv. 18;integrity, iv. 50;resigns from Balfour Ministry, iv. 58;death, iv. 63De Wet, General Christian, iv. 40;reception in London, iv. 46Diabolo, iv. 357Dickens, Charles, ii. 212;relations withP., ii. 273;and Leigh Hunt, ii. 281;patronizes "the Menken," ii. 289Dictionary of National Biographycommences, iii. 326Dilke, Sir Charles, opposes Royal grants, ii. 187seq.;epigram on, ii. 188;investigates slum areas, iii. 98;on state of Thames, iii. 106;and grant for Duke of Connaught's marriage, iii. 218;and expedition to Khartum, iv. 34Dillon, John, and Parnell, iii. 23, 61Disarmament, Hague Peace Conference, 1899, iv. 34Disestablishment, iii. 173;of Irish Church, ii. 101Disraeli, Benjamin.SeeBeaconsfieldDivorce Bill of 1856, i. 96;for poor, i. 21Dobson, Austin, ii. 325;criticized byP., iii. 321seq.Doctors, and quacks, i. 239;women, i. 250; ii. 247-50; iii. 114, 124;Victorian diseases, ii. 200-1;new cures, iv. 248-50.See alsoMedical Students, SurgeonsDöllinger, Dr., and Vatican Decrees, iii. 159Domesticity, decline of, iv. 230Domestic service and servants, i. 30-4; ii. 225seq., 228, 230, 232seq.Donizetti, Gaetano, operas, ii. 301D'Orsay, Count, i. 221, 222Dover, and Calais submarine cable, i. 72;Y.M.C.A. episode, ii. 104Dowbiggin, Captain, i. 206Doyle, Richard, i. 218, 258;resigns fromP.staff, i. 112;death, iii. 342D'Oyly Carte, Mr., and English Opera House, iii. 181;and performance ofThe Gondoliers, iii. 366Drama, i. 271seq.; ii. 282-319; iii. 343-73;French adaptations, i. 272;censorship, i. 273;harlequinade, i. 275;as part of children's education, iv. 143;Celtic, burlesqued in 1899, iv. 319;decayed, revivals of, burlesqued, iv. 323.See alsoTheatresDress.SeeFashion, UniformsDressmakers' long hours, i. 38Dreyfus case, iii. 166; iv. 28, 34, 160Drink Question.SeeTemperanceDruce, Emily, fate of, ii. 56Drury Lane Theatre, ii. 297, 309Dublin transport workers' strike, iv. 134Du Chaillu, P. B., ii. 214Ducie, 2nd Earl of, i. 24Duckworth, Rev. B., Canon of Westminster, iii. 167, 373Duelling, campaign against, i. 114, 115ill.Duma, first opening of, iv. 54Dumas, Alexandre fils, ii. 286, 289;Dame aux Camélias, i. 228Du Maurier, George, social contrasts and new types, ii. 198;flunkeys, ii. 233;his gentle giantesses, ii. 239, 240;an apostle of Eugenics, iii. 238-40;his Limericks, iii. 325-6;P.'stribute, iv. 228;Trilby, iv. 284-5, 317Duncombe, Tom, M.P., ii. 150Dundee meeting of domestics, ii. 232Dundrearyism, ii. 310, 336ill., 337seq.Dunlop, John Boyd, inventor of pneumatic tyre, iii. 300Dunraven, 3rd Earl of, ii. 204Dunraven, 4th Earl of, and Royal Commission on Sweating, iii. 94, 96;America Cup challenger, iv. 346Durham, Union-Workhouse, ii. 48;University, grants B.A. degree to women, iii. 117Duse, Mme., iv. 315, 321Dynamiters, activity in 1885, iii. 40Early closing, i. 38;Bill of 1896, iv. 118East India Company, ii. 6;abolished, ii. 8Eastlake, Sir Charles, P.R.A., ii. 314Eastlake, Charles, ofP., ii. 314noteEcclesiastical, courts, ii. 108;Titles Act, i. 232Eddy, Mrs. M. B., iii. 254Edgeworth, Maria, i. 215; ii. 326Edinburgh, Duke of,seeAlfred, PrinceEducation, ii. 121-35; iii. 137-56; iv. 136-62;ignorance of poor, i. 10, 82;popular, i. 81seq., 82ill.;National Society for Promoting Education of Poor, i. 84;Lord John Russell's resolutions, i. 86;Bill of 1856, i. 87;Montessori system foreshadowed, i. 88;of Society girls, i. 214;Elementary Education Act, 1870, ii. 122seq.;fairy tales for children, ii. 128-9; iii. 146seq.; iv. 138seq.;foreign nurses for modern languages, ii. 130;co-education, ii. 131;systems, Englishv.German, ii. 134;of schoolgirls, improvements, iii. 119;Elementary Education Act, 1891, iii. 142;literature and crime, iii. 143seq.;and stage, iii. 144seq.;precocious children, iii. 145seq.;classicsv.commerce, iii. 151; iv. 152;free libraries, iii. 155;Act of 1902, iv. 125-6;modern children, independence, iv. 136seq.;theory of self-expression, iv. 140seq.;dramatic method, iv. 143;Boy Scout movement, iv. 145;Act of 1871, iv. 145;Bill of 1896, iv. 147;Act of 1902, iv. 148;Bill of 1906, iv. 148-50;modern language teaching, iv. 154.See alsoSchools, UniversitiesEducationists, ii. 124seq.Edward VII, King,ill., ii. 177, 193;visits Canada and U.S.A., 1860, ii. 175seq.;marries Alexandra of Denmark, ii. 181;illness, 1871, ii. 191;visits Birmingham, ii. 192;promotesEntentewith France, iii. 19; iv. 6;silver wedding, iii. 231;and Emperor Wilhelm II, iii. 233;fiftieth birthday, iii. 233;death, iv. 73, 225;pastimes, iv. 218;coronation humours, iv. 223;coronation postponed, iv. 224;visits Ireland, iv. 224;votes in H. of Lords, iv. 226;lines on his dog Cæsar, iv. 226Edward, Prince of Wales, birth, iv. 216;visits Wales, iv. 227Egypt, Arabi's revolt, iii. 32Eisteddfodau, spread of, ii. 220Elcho, Lord, 8th Earl of Wemyss, ii. 86, 336Electricity, for lighting, i. 72; iv. 194;telegraph, i. 72;underground railways, iii. 199Elgar, Sir Edward, i. 292; iv. 341Eliot, George, ii. 260, 274; iii. 317Elizabeth, Empress of Austria, visits Ireland and England, iii. 221;assassinated, iv. 32Ellenborough, 1st Earl of, and Indian Mutiny, ii. 4Elliot, Sir H., iii. 14Elliott, Ebenezer, i. 51Emerson, Ralph Waldo, iii. 319Emigration, remedy for discontent, i. 57;female, scheme for, i. 58;attitude ofP.towards, iii. 108Enfant Prodigue, ii. 285ill.; iii. 347English characteristics, i. 223English, travellers abroad, manners, ii. 333seq.;tourists in France, iii. 278English-speaking nations, proposed federation of, iii. 204Entertainments and Royalty, ii. 192seq.Ernest, Duke of Cumberland, King of Hanover, i. 192, 193Essays and Reviews, ii. 101, 109seq., 111Etiquette, social, survivals of, in manners and speech, iv. 252Eton College described, iii. 150Eugenics satirized, iv. 248Eugénie, Empress, i. 263; ii. 19, 175;criticized, ii. 192Evans's Supper Rooms, i. 220Evolution, iv. 140-1Excursions, i. 221; ii. 76; iii. 270Executions, public, patronized by nobility, i. 216, 220Exeter Hall, i. 81; ii. 71, 244, 309;philanthropy, ii. 52Exhibition of 1851, i. 40;opening described, i. 42;praise for Queen and Prince Consort,ibid.;dinner for workmen suggested, i. 43;Mr. P.'sIndustrial,ill., i. 41;Exhibition of 1862, ii. 73Exhibitions in the 'eighties, iii. 287seq.Exploration, iv. 190Extravagance, in social functions, iv. 242, 243;dress, iv. 243;uniforms, iv. 243Eyre, E. J. (Governor of Jamaica), ii. 25, 81, 99Factory Act, ii. 43, 58Fairy tales in education, ii. 128seq.; iii. 146seq.Faithfull, Miss Emily, ii. 246Faith-healers, ii. 205Falconer, Hon. Ion Keith, iii. 300Fancy dress balls, craze for, iii. 266Faraday, Michael, i. 79, 314Farm labourers, i. 17, 19; ii. 47-8; iii. 72-3, 89; iv. 116-18;grievances, ii. 48Farman, Henry, aviator, iv. 184Farmers' hardships, iv. 113-4Farragut, D. G., American admiral, ii. 22Farrar, Dean, iii. 174Farren, Nellie, actress, iii. 354;at Gaiety Theatre, iii. 287;benefit of, iv. 320Fashions, i. 258seq.; ii. 320-38; iii. 304-16;facial adornments, ii. 326seq.;influence on high art, ii. 332;approximation of male and female, iii. 304seq.; iv. 262, 263;opposite extremes, iii. 309;fur coats and boas, iii. 312;ladies' balloon sleeves, iv. 266;bolero coats and Russian blouses,ibid.;skirts becoming shorter, iv. 268;effect of motoring on dress,ibid.;bathing dresses, iv. 269;Directoire costume revived,ibid.;reduction of materials, iv. 271;old and new fashion plates, iv. 271;"Harem" skirts, iv. 272.See alsoUniforms.Fashoda incident, iv. 11, 28, 30"Father Ignatius," ii. 106seq.