Table IV (a)ASH AND RUBBISH COLLECTION AND DISPOSAL BY MUNICIPAL FORCESName of CityAverage Quantity Collected DailyAnnual Cost of Collection and DisposalNumber of Collections WeeklyAverage Miles, Length of HaulCost, Collection and DisposalFrom Where is Can Collected and Where LeftSize and Type of CanBusinessResidentialOutlyingCubic YardPer Capita ServedPer TonSummerWinterWinterSummerWinterSummerWinterSummerBinghamton, N. Y.21 yds.44 yds.$11,874.962222221½$0.1025$0.66$1.73Curb.Metal, covered, not less than 10 gals. or more than 28 gallons.Brockton, Mass.16,000.003331½½1.25.25Sidewalk.Galvanized, 2½ cubic feet.Cambridge, Mass.85,000.001111111-¼.391.00Yard and gate.Not larger than flour barrel.Camden, N. J.32,027.586666⅓.3079Front or rear of house.All sizes.Cincinnati, Ohio815 cu. yds.935 cu. yds.124,532.16⅔⅔2221.488.304Property line and gate.Any size that can be handled by 2 men.Cleveland, Ohio209,920.8500⅓¼⅓¼Taken from back yard, left at edge of sidewalk.Any size that can be handled by 2 men.Columbus, Ohio65,763.3166⅓⅓⅓⅓2.42.229Alley, street entrance.Not larger than man can carry.Chicago, Ill.3,515 cu. yds.7,277 cu. yds.1,077,786.91[37][37]2[38]1[38]6.72.427Alley and curb.Galvanized, covered, 15 to 30 gals.Dayton, Ohio280 cu. yds.325 cu. yds.28,494.2911½½½½1½.30.19Alley and curb.One that 2 men can handle easily.Fall River, Mass.38,889.76111111.347.31Curb.About size of flour barrel.Holyoke, Mass.75[39].150[39].37,084.0022½⅓⅓¼¾.61Yard or basement.No. 2 Witt or can or barrel that size.Hartford, Conn.590 cu. yds.840 cu. yds.79,957.536611111.3575.615Yard.No larger than flour barrel.Kingston, N.Y.9,000.00111111½Lynn, Mass.25,833.27111111½.314Curb.None specified.Lowell, Mass.21,277.51[40]111111¼.18[40].19[40]Curb.Not larger than flour barrel.Los Angeles, Cal.40,000.0066½½112–4Curb.Five to 30 gallon.Milwaukee, Wis.216,496.00⅓[41]⅓[41]⅓[41]4½.65.46Yard or basement.One-half bushel metal basket for basement or metal lined box for yard.Newburgh, N.Y.78 cu. yds.168 cu. yds.8,796.632222221Curb.No standard.New Bedford, Mass.47,000.0011111Curb.No standard.New York City (Manhattan, Bronx, Brooklyn)12,996.18,558.666633¾.9614.8602Within stoop line.Cans 3 cu. ft. galvanized cylindrical in form.Norfolk, Va.13,929.756666661.325.14.695–6Curb.Ordinary ash can, bushel and a half.Passaic, N. J.82 tons.120 tons.22,000.006622112.53.31.74Curb.All sizes.Rome, N. Y.45 cu. yds.50 cu. yds.221111¾.90.51Curb.No standard.Syracuse, N.Y.100 loads.270 loads.131,000.003211112.80Yard.Galvanized iron can.Somerville, Mass.200 yds.400 yds.38,000.001111112Sidewalk.Not larger than flour barrel.Schenectady, N. Y.6611111Back yard and cellar.Galvanized, from 1 to 3 bushels.Wilmington, Del.150.250.38,411.77111111.36Curb.Not exceeding 100 pounds.ASH COLLECTION AND DISPOSAL BY MUNICIPAL FORCESBoston, Mass.587.1,315.$804,344.94[42]3[43]3[43]22101.70.731.73Back yard.Galvanized, not larger than flour barrel.Buffalo, N. Y.425 tons.775 tons.1.594.451.50Yard.Galvanized ⅙ cu. yd. capacity.Chattanooga, Tenn.212121Sidewalk and alley.Covered.Duluth, Minn.[44]30 cu. yds.35 cu. yds.12[45]12[45]12[45]12[45]1Back yard.Twenty gallons is standard size.Glens Falls, N. Y.[44]2House.Ordinary ash can.Memphis, Tenn.60.8.70.7.37,446.306611112.34.25.60Convenient place.No special size.Niagara Falls, N. Y.92 cu. yds.14,000.006622111.92.3212.60Yard.All kinds.Peoria, Ill.Alley, yard, curb.Fireproof receptacle of iron, brick or cement, must be covered.Rochester, N. Y.58 tons.107 tons.172,037.926612122.514.688.969Curb in business section, rear in resident section.No standard.Spokane, Wash.48 cu. yds.190 cu. yds.6622221½.65Basement or yard.Fifteen to 30 gallon.
Table IV (b)ASH AND RUBBISH COLLECTION BY MUNICIPAL FORCES (Continued)Name of CityAverage Quantity Collected per YearPopulation Served per Man EmployedNumber of Men Employed Collection and DisposalNumber of Men Employed on Each WagonType of Wagon UsedNumber of Wagons UsedMotor Vehicles Used for CollectionMotor Vehicles Used for Short or Long HaulTonsCubic YardsLoadsCubic yards Per Man EmployedCubic Yards per Capita ServedSummerWinterSummerWinterBinghamton5,788.89,6484,824570.6488217213Troy chassis, Lee body.351.LongBrockton57,08028,54017173 to 2 carts.Two wheeled dump and 4 wheeled rubbish.911None.Cambridge110,0001,5061.1,883 summer and 1,294 winter.60852–3Shabolt, single and double.Varies.Varies.None.Camden104,01330,4793,46730301Dump wagons and carts.1818None.Cincinnati266,05761,8722,4416.483,766981202Two horse dump.4960None.Cleveland356,3375–6Dump and trucks.47.Long.Columbus155,81236,6623,116.784,400505013–4–5 dump, special 16 yd. for rubbish.4545Chicago1,499,667300,2282404201–2Wood box hired by city at $7 per day.380675None.Dayton93,91518,7833,757.6256,00022283Star wagon, dump.1012None.Fall River111,94623,8443,292.894,025 in summer 3,372 in winter.31373Low gear, with sides head and tail board.911None.Holyoke1,59928484–5Single, dump, high sides.1426None.Hartford223,54749,6802,8501.722,23946694Special, bottom dump.1622None.Kingston12122Box wagon.46None.Lynn80,000160,000–180,0003,750–3,33324242Ordinary dump.12122 trucks.Both.Lowell114,05930,8273,1681.052,99936362Two-horse dump.1818None.Los Angeles3,90015153None.7 trucks.Both.Milwaukee333,375111,125555.707836003Three yard wagon.2003.Long.Newburgh40,3768142Dump.36None.New Bedford40,27524,56134402End dump.1014None.New York City (Manhattan, Bronx, Brooklyn)3,477,3139,125,9743,383,044½1.77591–2–3–5Single horse and 2-wheeled dump.30.Both.Norfolk21,15944,45433,0642,020.464,31822221Dump.2222None.New Orleans1Two-wheeled dump.183183None.Passaic29,68141,08516,4342,566.6814182Bottom dump.79None.Rome15,00010,0001.5002,50010102Dump.55None.Syracuse40905Dump.2045None.Somerville45653Dump.1932None.SchenectadyWilmington5,300 in summer 3,785 in winter.20283High sides, dump.1836None.ASH COLLECTION BY MUNICIPAL FORCES (Continued)Boston[46]324,313795,862238,3611.0041,5532354392–3Sheet iron, single and double.1071783 in summer, 8 in winter.Long.Buffalo157,978385,01570,1711.2Dump.None.Chattanooga22221–21.Duluth15,00010 × 3½ box, bottom lined with sheet iron.22None.Glens FallsMemphis62,000108,67562,1001,752.8.732,403626212-wheeled cart.62621.Short.Niagara Falls5,18014,8004,050.333,460131Dump.45None.Peoria1Iron body, covered.None.Rochester177,555334,85283,7131,9131.331,4281152352–3Bottom dump.3884None.Spokane7[47]35112Bottom dump.77Five.Long.
Table IV (c)ASH AND RUBBISH COLLECTION BY MUNICIPAL FORCES (Continued)Name of CityDescription of Collection SystemMethod of DisposalDoes City Own or Rent DumpsHow Much Revenue Does City ReceiveSize of LoadBinghamton3 districts. Driver’s route approximately 14½ miles long. One 5 ton truck, 14 and 8 trailers. Trailers divided into 2 compartments, containing 2 yards of ashes and one yard of garbage. When wagon is loaded team is hitched to empty trailer which has been left by truck.Filling and covering garbage.Own.None.2 yards.Brockton6 districts.Dump.Free.None.2 cu. yds.Cambridge6 routes, 1 each working day, not evenly distributed. Six or eight men ahead of team roll barrels out of yard and teamsters place them back at gate when empty.Dump.1 rented, others free.None.Camden3 districts, each receiving 2 collections a week.Fill.Own and free.None.CincinnatiDivided into districts and those subdivided into beats which are covered the same day each week. Two men (driver and helper) assigned to each beat.Dump.Free.None.4.3 yds.ClevelandDump.Own.None.Columbus22 districts. Each covered by 2 wagons. Men work together where it is necessary to handle heavy material.Dump.Both.None.3–4–5 yds.ChicagoWards divided into sections. Number of teams depends on size of section and service required. Ward in charge of ward superintendent. Districts in charge of section foreman. Section foreman and laborers uniform.Dump and fill.Own and free.None.5 cu. yds.Dayton5 districts with ground foreman at head of each. Each covered in 12 working days.Dump.Free.None.5 cu. yds.Fall RiverFill.None.4.94 and 1.71 cu.yds.Holyoke3 gangs work in business and one in residential sections all the time.Dump.Own.None.1½ and 2 cu. yds.Hartford2 sections, each divided into 6 routes. Each route extends into that portion of the central part of the city within the corresponding district. One main squad to each district covering one route daily. A section of each squad takes the barrel to the curb on hand trucks. These are followed by teams and two lifters who in turn are followed by a man who returns empty receptacles.Fill.Free.None.4–5 cu. yds.KingstonRigs and men assigned to certain districts of each section.Dump.Free.None.LynnDivided by wards. Men clean one section and move to another.Dump.Own.Very little.2 cu. yds.Lowell6 districts, one cleaned each day.Fill.Free.None.3.7 cu.yds.Los AngelesDump.Rent.None.Milwaukee26 wards. Ash collection all year. Once every month to householders by wards. A gang comprises two teams and three men as collection is made from basements. This keeps men going while teams are on way to and from dump.Dump.Free.None.3 yds.NewburghDivided into three parts. By understanding between men, each takes a certain street each time all are on certain routes.Dump and fill.No.None.2¾ yds.New BedfordCollection made quickly from every street. No districts.Dump and fill.Own some.City once collected and baled paper but could not make it pay.New YorkBoroughs divided into districts, 13 in Manhattan, 2 in Bronx, and 8 in Brooklyn. Each under control of district superintendent. Districts divided into sections, 103 in the aggregate and each in charge of foreman.Dump.Own 27, others provided by contractor.None.Norfolk22 districts with one man and one wagon in each.Dump.Free.None.1½ cu. yds.New OrleansDump.Own.None.1½ cu. yds.PassaicTwo drivers and 2 lifters in each gang. One wagon loaded while other is on way to dump. District cleaned on certain day each week.Dump.Own.$500 for privilege of picking over dump.2½ yds.RomeDivided into 5 districts.Dump.No.None.1½ yds.SyracuseDump.No.None.3 yds.SomervilleCity divided into 6 districts, one for each working day. Two lifters to each team.Fill.Rent and free.None.Schenectady5 districts.Dump.Free.None.Wilmington4 districts. Driver and two lifters for each wagon.Dump and fill.Free.None.ASH COLLECTION BY MUNICIPAL FORCES (Continued)Boston10 districts with a foreman and inspection service in each.Dump.Rent.None.2½ and 4 cu. yds.Buffalo16 districts with foreman in each. Number of men and wagons in each varies according to conditions.Dump.Free but city pays for upkeep.None.5½ cu. yds.ChattanoogaDump.Free.DuluthDump.Own.None.Glens FallsCity removes all ashes that are clean and suitable for street work.Fill.Own.Improved streets.Memphis3 districts subdivided into routes, man and cart for each route.Dump.Free.None.1-¾ cu. yds.Niagara Falls4 districts.Fill.Free.None.Wagon 2½ cu. yds. truck 6 yds.Rochester10 districts with one or two gangs to district. Gangs organized into truckers, who haul ashes from rear of house to curb; lifters, who load wagon; and returners, who replace empty receptacles. Teams apportioned according to length of haul, so that empty wagon is ready to take place of loaded one.Dump.Rent and free.None.Peoria16 districts. Routes changed as demand increases or decreases.Dump.Free.None.SpokaneAshes collected in business district by load, in residential district by can. One 3 ton truck collects ashes and garbage in residential district.Dump.Own and free.None.3½ cu. yds.