see "Chromatic," p.96International pitch,138Interval, def.,83enharmonic,10harmonic,83melodic,83names of,83Inversion, in thematic development,69Inversions of chords,88Inverted mordent,23Inverted turn,25Issimo,42Kettle-drum,126Key, def.,28signature,8enharmonic keys,10key-tone,27,28how different from scale,28L,42La (lah),42Lacrimando (lah-kri-mahn'-do),60Lacrimoso (lah-kri-mo'-so),60Largamente (lar-gah-men'-teh),42Largando (lar-gahn'-do),53Larghetto (lar-get'-to),50Largo,50Largo assai (ahs-sah'-ee),52Largo di molto (de mohl'-to),52Largo ma non troppo (mah non trop'-po),52Largo un poco (oon po'-co),52Le (leh),42Leading tone,33,36Legato (leh-gah'-to),18,60Leger lines,5Leggierissimo (led-jah-ris'-si-mo),60Leggiero (led-jee'-ro),60Lentando (len-tahn'-do),52Lentemente (len-tah-men'-teh),52Lentissimamente (-men'-teh),52Lentissamente (-men'-teh),52Lento,50Lento a capriccio (ah-cah-preet'-chee-o),52Lento assai (ahs-sah'-ee),52Lento di molto (de mohl'-to),52Libretto (lee-bret'-to),78Lied (leed),80L'istesso tempo (lis-tes'-so),42,55Loco,15,97Long appoggiatura (ap-pod-jea-too'-rah),25Lower tetrachord,29Lunga pausa (loong-ah pow'-zeh) or (loon-gah pah-oo'-za),15Lunga trillo,97Lusingando (loos-in-gahn'-do),60Lyric,98Madrigal (mad'-ri-gal),81Maesta (mah'-es-tah),60Maestoso (mah-es-to'-so),60Maggiore (mahd-jo'-reh),98Main droite (mahng droa),20Main gauche (mahng gowsh),20Major key,8Major scale, def.,29positions,30origin of name,33Mancando (mahn-kahn'-do),59Mano destra (mah'-no dehs'-trah),20Mano sinistra (si-nees'-trah),20Marcato il canto (mar-kah'-to eel kahn'-to),98Martellando (mar-tel-lahn'-do),59Martellato (mar-tel-lah'-to),59Marziale (mart-se-ah'-leh),59Mass,77Mazurka (mah-zoor'-ka),71Measure, def.,44how differs from "bar,"12how differs from "rhythm,"44syncopation in,44simple and compound,45duple or even,46triple or perfect,46quadruple,46sextuple,46compound duple,46signature,48binary,95Mediant,36Mellifluous (mel-lif'-loo-us),98Melodic minor scales,34Melody,82Melos (meh'-los),98Meno (meh'-no),42Meno mosso (mos'-so),53Mente (men'-teh),42Menuet (meh-noo-eh'),98Menuetto (meh-noo-et'-to),98Messa di voce (mes'-sa dee vo'-cheh),21Mesto (mehs'-to),60Metronome,49Mezza (med'-zah),42Mezzo (med'-zo),42Mezzo forte (for'-teh),42,56Mezzo piano (pe-ah'-no),56Mezzo soprano (so-prah'-no),98Mezzo voce (vo'-cheh),60Minor key,8Minore (me-no'-reh),98Minor scale, def.,33positions,34Minuet,71Misterioso (mis-teh-ri-o'-so),60Moderato (mod-e-rah'-to),51Modulation, def.,92enharmonic,10Molto (mohl'-to),42Molto crescendo (kre-shen'-do),42Monophonic style,63,67Mordent,22,23Morendo (mo-ren'-do),59Moriente (mo-ri-en'-teh),59Motet (mo-tet'),76Movable C Clef,6Mute,117Natural,3,8Natural condition of staff-degrees,8Nel,42Nel battere (baht-teh'-reh),42Nella,42Neumae (neoo'-mee),104Nocturne,98Non (non),42Non tanto (tahn'-to),42Non tanto allegro (ahl-leh'-gro),53Non troppo allegro (trop'-po),53Notation, history of music,101Notes, def.,10kinds of,11English names for,11dotted,17staccato,17irregular note-groups,19parts of,1how made,1Nuance (noo-angs),98Obbligato (ob-blee-gah'-to),98Oboe (o'-bo),121Octave, def.,36Octaves, names of,16Offertory,98One-lined octave,16Open position,94Opera,78Opus,98Oratorio,77Orchestra,115Orchestration,98Organ, reed,113pipe,114point,98Original minor scale,33Origin of scale,28Ossia (os'-see-ah),42,98Ossia più facile (pe-oo' fah-chee'-leh),42Overtones,136Overture,98Parlando (par-lahn'-do),60Part song,81Pastorale (pas-to-rah'-leh),60Pedal point,93Pentatonic scale,27Per (pehr),42Percussion instruments,116Perdendo (pehr-den'-do),59Perdendosi (pehr-den-do'-see),59Perfect measure,46Perfect trill,23Per il violino (eel ve-o-le'-no),42Period,67Pesante (peh-sahn'-teh),55Peu (peuh),42Phrase,67Phrase mark,18Pianissimo (pee-ahn-is'-si-mo),56Pianissimo possibile (pos-see'-bee'-leh),56Pianisissimo (pee-ahn-is-is'-si-mo),56Piano (pee-ah'-no),56Piano assai (ahs-sah'-ee),56Piano, description of,112Piccolo (pik'-ko-lo),119Pipe organ,114Pitch, def.,134pitch names,6standards of,137concert pitch,138international pitch,138Più (pe-oo'),42Più allegro (ahl-leh'-gro),54Più forte (for'-teh),42Più lento,53Più mosso (mos'-so),54Più tosto (tos'-to),54Pizzicato (pits-e-kah'-to),99,117Pochetto (po-ket'-to),see ino,42Poco,43Poco a poco animando (ah-nee-mahn'-do),54Poi (po' ee),42Polacca (po-lahk'-kah),99Polka,69Polonaise (pol-o-nez'),71,99Polyphonic style,64Pomposo (pom-po'-so),60Portamento (por'-tah-men'-to),20Position, open and close,94Possibile (pos-see'-bee-leh),43Postlude,99Prall trill,22Precipitoso (preh-che-pi-to'-so),60Prelude,99Prestissimo (pres-tis'-see-mo),51Prestissimo possibile (pos-see'-bee-leh),51Presto,51Presto assai (ahs-sah'-ee),53Presto (ma) non troppo (mah non trop'-po),53Prière (pre-ehr'),99Primary forms,68Primitive minor scale,33Program music,74Pure music,74Pure scale,40Quadruple measure,46Quality,136Quartet,72Quasi (quah'-see),43Quintole (kwin'-to-leh),99Quintolet,20Quintuplet,20,99Raised sixth,34Rallentando (rahl-len-tahn'-do),53Rapidamente (rah-pid-a-men'-teh),55Rate of speed, of sound,132Recitative (res-i-tah-teev'),78Recitativo (reh-chee-ta-tee'-vo),60Reed organ,113Relative minor,8,35Religioso (reh-lee-jo'-so),99Repetition and contrast,62,70Requiem (re'-kwi-em),99Rests, def.,10rules for making,2kinds of,11peculiar use of,11several measures of,14Retardation,93Rhapsody,99Rhythm, def.,82element of music,82how differs from "measure,"44correct use of word,48Rhythmic augmentation,69Rhythmic diminution,69Rhythmic figures,44Ribattuta (re-baht-too'-tah),99Rigaudon (rig'-o-don),71Rinforzando (rin-for-tsahn'-do),57Rinforzato (rin-for-tsah'-to),57Risoluto (ree-so-loo'-to),60Ritardando (ree-tar-dahn'-do),53Ritenente (ree-ten-en'-teh),53Ritenuto (ree-ten-oo'-to),53Ritornelle (ree-tor-nell'),99Ritornello (ree-tor-nel'-lo),99Rondo,70,71Rules:For writing music,1,2For turning stems,1,2For altered staff degrees,10For embellishments,22-26For repeats,13,14For writing chromatic scale,38Sans (sahng),43Sans pedales (peh-da-leh),43Sarabande (sar-ah-bahn'-deh),71Sarrusophone (sar-reoos-o-fohn'),123Saxhorn, p.125(footnote)Saxophone,121Scales, def.,27origin,28how different from keys,28positions of:major,30minor,34chromatic,38tones of, called,5,36,37Chinese,27Scotch,27Scherzando (skehr-tsahn'-do),60Scherzo (skehr'-tso),71,72Scherzoso (skehr-tzo'-so),60School-round,66Schottische (shot'-tish),99Score,99Scotch scale,27Sec (sek),99Secco (sek'-ko),99Section,67Segue (sehg'-weh),14Semplice (sem-plee'-cheh),60Sempre (sem'-preh),43Sempre forte (for'-teh),43Sempre lento malinconico assai (mah-leen-ko'-ni-ko ahs-sah'-ee),55Sempre marcatissimo (mar-kah-tis'-si-mo),60Sentimento (sen-tee-men'-to),60Senza (sen-tza),42Senza accompagnamento (ahc-com-pahn-yah-men'-toh),42Senza repetizione (reh-peh-titz-e-o'-neh),14,99Senza replica (reh'-ple-kah),99Septimole,20Septolet,20Sequence,91Serenade,99Serenata (seh-re-nah'-tah),99Seventh chord,89Sextet,99Sextolet,20Sextuple measure,46Sextuplet,20,100Sforzando (sfortz-ahn'-do),57Sforzato (sfortz-ah'-to),57Shake,22Sharp,3,7Short appoggiatura (ap-pod-jea-too-rah),25Simile (see'-mee-leh),14,100Similiter (see-mil'-i-ter),100Simple measure,45Simple tone,137Sin (seen),43Sin al fine (ahl-fee'-neh),14Sino (see'-no),43Sixteen-foot stop,114Sixty-four-foot stop,114Slentando (slen-tahn'-do),53Slur,18Small octave,16Smorzando (smor-tzahn'-do),59Solenne (so-len'-neh),59Solfège (sul-fezh'),100Solfeggio (sol-fed'-jo),100Solmization,100Solo,43Sonata (so-nah'-tah),71Sonata allegro (ahl-leh'-gro),73Sonata form,73Sonatina (so-na-tee'-nah),74Song form,68Sopra (so'-prah),100