GLOSSARY AND INDEX

[pg 421]GLOSSARY AND INDEXTHE PRONUNCIATION OF CELTIC NAMESTo render these names accurately without the living voice is impossible. But with the phonetic renderings given, where required, in the following index, and with attention to the following general rules, the reader will get as near to the correct pronunciation as it is at all necessary for him to do.I. GAELICVowels are pronounced as in French or German; thusi(long) is likeee, e(long) likeain“date,”u(long) likeoo. A stroke over a letter signifies length; thus dūn is pronounced“doon”(not“dewn”).chis a guttural, as in the word“loch.”It is never pronounced with atsound, as in English“chip.”cis always likek.ghis silent, as in English.II. CYMRICw, when a consonant, is pronounced as in English; when a vowel, likeoc.y, when long, is likeee; when short, likeuin“but.”chandcas in Gaelic.ddis likethin“breathe”.fis likev; fflike Englishf.The sound ofllis perhaps better not attempted by the English reader. It is a thickenedl, something betweenclandth.Vowels as in Gaelic, but note that there are strictly no diphthongs in Welsh, in combinations of vowels each is given its own sound.AAbred.The innermost of three concentric circles representing the totality of being in the Cymric cosmogony—the stage of struggle and evolution,333Abundance.SeeStone of AbundanceÆda(ay´da). 1. Dwarf of King Fergus mac Leda,247.2. Royal suitor for Vivionn's hand;Vivionn slain by,287Æd´uans. Familiar with plating of copper and tin,44Ægira.Custom of the priestess of Earth at, in Achæa, ere prophesying,167Æsun.Umbrian deity,86Æsus.Deity mentioned by Lucan,86Aed the Fair (Aed Finn)(aid). Chief sage of Ireland;author of“Voyage of Maeldūn,”331Aei(ay´ee),Plain of, where Brown Bull of Quelgny meets and slays Bull of Ailell,225African Origin.Primitive population of Great Britain and Ireland, evidence of language suggests,78Age, Iron.The ship a well-recognised form of sepulchral enclosure in cemeteries of the,76Ag´noman. Nemed's father,98Aideen.Wife of Oscar,261;dies of grief after Oscar's death,261;buried on Ben Edar (Howth),261,262Aifa(eefa). Princess of Land of Shadows;war made upon, by Skatha,189;Cuchulain overcomes by a trick,190;[pg 422]life spared conditionally by Cuchulain,190;bears a son named Connla,190Ailbach(el-yach)Fortress in Co. Donegal, where Ith hears MacCuill and his brothers are arranging the division of the land,132Ailill(el'yill), orAilell.1. Son of Laery, treacherously slain by his uncle Covac,152.2. Brother of Eochy; his desperate love for Etain,158-160.3. King of Connacht,122;Angus Ōg seeks aid of,122;Fergus seeks aid of,202;assists in foray against province of Ulster,203-251;White horned Bull of, slain by Brown Bull of Quelgny,225;makes seven years' peace with Ulster,225;hound of mac Datho pursues chariot of,244;slain by Conall,245Ailill Edge-of-Battle.Of the sept of the Owens of Aran;father of Maeldūn, slain by reavers from Leix,310Ailill Olum(el-yill olum)King of Munster;ravishes Ainé and is slain by her,127Ainé.A love-goddess, daughter of the Danaan Owel;Ailill Olum and Fitzgerald her lovers,127;mother of Earl Gerald,128;still worshipped on Midsummer Eve,128;appears on a St. John's Night, among girls on the Hill,128Ainlé.Brother of Naisi,198Alexander the Great.Counter-move of Hellas against the East under,22;compact with Celts referred to by Ptolemy Soter,23Allen, Mr. Romilly.On Celtic art,29,30Allen, Hill of.In Kildare;Finn's chief fortress,266,273Ama´sis IHuman sacrifices abolished by,86Amatha´on.Son of Dōn;and the ploughing task,390Amer´gin.Milesian poet, son of Miled, husband of Skena,133;his strange lay, sung when his foot first touched Irish soil,134;his judgment, delivered as between the Danaans and Milesians,135;chants incantations to land of Erin,136;the Druid, gives judgment as to claims to sovranty of Eremon and Eber,148;Ollav Fōla compared with,150Ammia´nus Marcellin´us.Gauls described by,42Amor´gin.Father of Conall of the Victories,177Amyn´tas II.King of Macedon, defeated and exiled,23Anglo-Saxon.Wace's French translation of“Historia Regum Britaniæ”translated by Layamon into,338Angus.A Danaan deity,143.SeeAngus ŌgAngus Ōg (Angus the Young).Son of the Dagda, Irish god of love,121,123;wooes and wins Caer,121-123;Dermot of the Love spot bred up with,123;Dermot of the Love spot revived by,123;father of Maga,181;Dermot and Grama rescued by magical devices of,299;Dermot's body borne away by,303Ankh, The.Found on Megalithic carvings,77,78;the symbol of vitality or resurrection,78An´luan.Son of Maga;rallies to Maev's foray against Ulster,204;Conall produces the head of, to Ket,244Annwn(annoon).Corresponds with Abyss, or Chaos;the principle of destruction in Cymric cosmogony,333Answerer, The.Mananan's magical sword,125Aoife(eefa).Lir's second wife;her jealousy of her step children,139,140;her punishment by Bōv the Red,140Aonbarr(ain-barr).Mananan's magical steed,125[pg 423]Apollo.Celtic equivalent, Lugh.Magical services in honour of, described by Hecataeus,58;regarded by Gauls as deity of medicine,87,88Aquitan´i. One of three peoples inhabiting Gaul when Caesar's conquest began,58Arabia.Dolmens found in,53Arawn.A king in Annwn;appeals to Pwyll for help against Havgan,357;exchanges kingdoms for a year with Pwyll,357-359Ard Macha(Armagh). Emain Macha now represented by grassy ramparts of a hill-fortress close to,150;significance,251Ard Righ(ard ree) (i.e., High King). Dermot MacKerval, of Ireland,47Ardan.Brother of Naisi,198Ardcullin.Cuchulain placeswhiteround pillar-stone of,207Ardee.Significance,251Ari´anrod. Sister of Gwydion;proposed as virgin foot-holder to Māth;Dylan and Llew sons of.380,381Aristotle.Celts and,17Armagh.Invisible dwelling of Lir on Slieve Fuad in County,125Arnold, Matthew.Reference to, in connexion with Celtic legendary literature,419Arr´ian. Celtic characteristics, evidence of, regarding,36Artaius.A god in Celtic mythology who occupies the place of Gwydion,349Arthur.Chosen leader against Saxons, whom he finally defeated in battle of Mount Badon,337;Geoffrey of Monmouth's“Historia Regum Britaniae”commemorates exploits of,337;son of Uther Pendragon and Igerna,337;Modred, his nephew, usurps crown of,337;Guanhumara, wife of, retires to convent,337,338;genealogy set forth,352;tales of, in Welsh literature,386;Kilhwch at court of,387,388;the“Dream of Rhonabwy”and,392,393;Owain, son of Urien, plays chess with,393;adventure of Kymon, knight of court of,394-396;Gwenhwyvar, wife of,394;Owain at court of,396,397,399;Peredur at court of,401,402

THE PRONUNCIATION OF CELTIC NAMES

To render these names accurately without the living voice is impossible. But with the phonetic renderings given, where required, in the following index, and with attention to the following general rules, the reader will get as near to the correct pronunciation as it is at all necessary for him to do.

I. GAELIC

Vowels are pronounced as in French or German; thusi(long) is likeee, e(long) likeain“date,”u(long) likeoo. A stroke over a letter signifies length; thus dūn is pronounced“doon”(not“dewn”).

chis a guttural, as in the word“loch.”It is never pronounced with atsound, as in English“chip.”

cis always likek.

ghis silent, as in English.

II. CYMRIC

w, when a consonant, is pronounced as in English; when a vowel, likeoc.

y, when long, is likeee; when short, likeuin“but.”

chandcas in Gaelic.

ddis likethin“breathe”.

fis likev; fflike Englishf.

The sound ofllis perhaps better not attempted by the English reader. It is a thickenedl, something betweenclandth.

Vowels as in Gaelic, but note that there are strictly no diphthongs in Welsh, in combinations of vowels each is given its own sound.

Abred.The innermost of three concentric circles representing the totality of being in the Cymric cosmogony—the stage of struggle and evolution,333

Abundance.SeeStone of Abundance

Æda(ay´da). 1. Dwarf of King Fergus mac Leda,247.2. Royal suitor for Vivionn's hand;Vivionn slain by,287

Æda(ay´da). 1. Dwarf of King Fergus mac Leda,247.

2. Royal suitor for Vivionn's hand;

Vivionn slain by,287

Æd´uans. Familiar with plating of copper and tin,44

Ægira.Custom of the priestess of Earth at, in Achæa, ere prophesying,167

Æsun.Umbrian deity,86

Æsus.Deity mentioned by Lucan,86

Aed the Fair (Aed Finn)(aid). Chief sage of Ireland;author of“Voyage of Maeldūn,”331

Aed the Fair (Aed Finn)(aid). Chief sage of Ireland;

author of“Voyage of Maeldūn,”331

Aei(ay´ee),Plain of, where Brown Bull of Quelgny meets and slays Bull of Ailell,225

African Origin.Primitive population of Great Britain and Ireland, evidence of language suggests,78

Age, Iron.The ship a well-recognised form of sepulchral enclosure in cemeteries of the,76

Ag´noman. Nemed's father,98

Aideen.Wife of Oscar,261;dies of grief after Oscar's death,261;buried on Ben Edar (Howth),261,262

Aideen.Wife of Oscar,261;

dies of grief after Oscar's death,261;

buried on Ben Edar (Howth),261,262

Aifa(eefa). Princess of Land of Shadows;war made upon, by Skatha,189;Cuchulain overcomes by a trick,190;[pg 422]life spared conditionally by Cuchulain,190;bears a son named Connla,190

Aifa(eefa). Princess of Land of Shadows;

war made upon, by Skatha,189;

Cuchulain overcomes by a trick,190;

life spared conditionally by Cuchulain,190;

bears a son named Connla,190

Ailbach(el-yach)Fortress in Co. Donegal, where Ith hears MacCuill and his brothers are arranging the division of the land,132

Ailbach(el-yach)

Fortress in Co. Donegal, where Ith hears MacCuill and his brothers are arranging the division of the land,132

Ailill(el'yill), orAilell.1. Son of Laery, treacherously slain by his uncle Covac,152.2. Brother of Eochy; his desperate love for Etain,158-160.3. King of Connacht,122;Angus Ōg seeks aid of,122;Fergus seeks aid of,202;assists in foray against province of Ulster,203-251;White horned Bull of, slain by Brown Bull of Quelgny,225;makes seven years' peace with Ulster,225;hound of mac Datho pursues chariot of,244;slain by Conall,245

Ailill(el'yill), orAilell.

1. Son of Laery, treacherously slain by his uncle Covac,152.

2. Brother of Eochy; his desperate love for Etain,158-160.

3. King of Connacht,122;

Angus Ōg seeks aid of,122;

Fergus seeks aid of,202;

assists in foray against province of Ulster,203-251;

White horned Bull of, slain by Brown Bull of Quelgny,225;

makes seven years' peace with Ulster,225;

hound of mac Datho pursues chariot of,244;

slain by Conall,245

Ailill Edge-of-Battle.Of the sept of the Owens of Aran;father of Maeldūn, slain by reavers from Leix,310

Ailill Edge-of-Battle.

Of the sept of the Owens of Aran;

father of Maeldūn, slain by reavers from Leix,310

Ailill Olum(el-yill olum)King of Munster;ravishes Ainé and is slain by her,127

Ailill Olum(el-yill olum)

King of Munster;

ravishes Ainé and is slain by her,127

Ainé.A love-goddess, daughter of the Danaan Owel;Ailill Olum and Fitzgerald her lovers,127;mother of Earl Gerald,128;still worshipped on Midsummer Eve,128;appears on a St. John's Night, among girls on the Hill,128

Ainé.

A love-goddess, daughter of the Danaan Owel;

Ailill Olum and Fitzgerald her lovers,127;

mother of Earl Gerald,128;

still worshipped on Midsummer Eve,128;

appears on a St. John's Night, among girls on the Hill,128

Ainlé.Brother of Naisi,198

Ainlé.

Brother of Naisi,198

Alexander the Great.Counter-move of Hellas against the East under,22;compact with Celts referred to by Ptolemy Soter,23

Alexander the Great.

Counter-move of Hellas against the East under,22;

compact with Celts referred to by Ptolemy Soter,23

Allen, Mr. Romilly.On Celtic art,29,30

Allen, Mr. Romilly.

On Celtic art,29,30

Allen, Hill of.In Kildare;Finn's chief fortress,266,273

Allen, Hill of.

In Kildare;

Finn's chief fortress,266,273

Ama´sis IHuman sacrifices abolished by,86

Ama´sis I

Human sacrifices abolished by,86

Amatha´on.Son of Dōn;and the ploughing task,390

Amatha´on.

Son of Dōn;

and the ploughing task,390

Amer´gin.Milesian poet, son of Miled, husband of Skena,133;his strange lay, sung when his foot first touched Irish soil,134;his judgment, delivered as between the Danaans and Milesians,135;chants incantations to land of Erin,136;the Druid, gives judgment as to claims to sovranty of Eremon and Eber,148;Ollav Fōla compared with,150

Amer´gin.

Milesian poet, son of Miled, husband of Skena,133;

his strange lay, sung when his foot first touched Irish soil,134;

his judgment, delivered as between the Danaans and Milesians,135;

chants incantations to land of Erin,136;

the Druid, gives judgment as to claims to sovranty of Eremon and Eber,148;

Ollav Fōla compared with,150

Ammia´nus Marcellin´us.Gauls described by,42

Ammia´nus Marcellin´us.

Gauls described by,42

Amor´gin.Father of Conall of the Victories,177

Amor´gin.

Father of Conall of the Victories,177

Amyn´tas II.King of Macedon, defeated and exiled,23

Amyn´tas II.

King of Macedon, defeated and exiled,23

Anglo-Saxon.Wace's French translation of“Historia Regum Britaniæ”translated by Layamon into,338

Anglo-Saxon.

Wace's French translation of“Historia Regum Britaniæ”translated by Layamon into,338

Angus.A Danaan deity,143.SeeAngus Ōg

Angus.

A Danaan deity,143.

SeeAngus Ōg

Angus Ōg (Angus the Young).Son of the Dagda, Irish god of love,121,123;wooes and wins Caer,121-123;Dermot of the Love spot bred up with,123;Dermot of the Love spot revived by,123;father of Maga,181;Dermot and Grama rescued by magical devices of,299;Dermot's body borne away by,303

Angus Ōg (Angus the Young).

Son of the Dagda, Irish god of love,121,123;

wooes and wins Caer,121-123;

Dermot of the Love spot bred up with,123;

Dermot of the Love spot revived by,123;

father of Maga,181;

Dermot and Grama rescued by magical devices of,299;

Dermot's body borne away by,303

Ankh, The.Found on Megalithic carvings,77,78;the symbol of vitality or resurrection,78

Ankh, The.

Found on Megalithic carvings,77,78;

the symbol of vitality or resurrection,78

An´luan.Son of Maga;rallies to Maev's foray against Ulster,204;Conall produces the head of, to Ket,244

An´luan.

Son of Maga;

rallies to Maev's foray against Ulster,204;

Conall produces the head of, to Ket,244

Annwn(annoon).Corresponds with Abyss, or Chaos;the principle of destruction in Cymric cosmogony,333

Annwn(annoon).

Corresponds with Abyss, or Chaos;

the principle of destruction in Cymric cosmogony,333

Answerer, The.Mananan's magical sword,125

Answerer, The.

Mananan's magical sword,125

Aoife(eefa).Lir's second wife;her jealousy of her step children,139,140;her punishment by Bōv the Red,140

Aoife(eefa).

Lir's second wife;

her jealousy of her step children,139,140;

her punishment by Bōv the Red,140

Aonbarr(ain-barr).Mananan's magical steed,125

Aonbarr(ain-barr).

Mananan's magical steed,125

Apollo.Celtic equivalent, Lugh.Magical services in honour of, described by Hecataeus,58;regarded by Gauls as deity of medicine,87,88

Apollo.Celtic equivalent, Lugh.

Magical services in honour of, described by Hecataeus,58;

regarded by Gauls as deity of medicine,87,88

Aquitan´i. One of three peoples inhabiting Gaul when Caesar's conquest began,58

Arabia.Dolmens found in,53

Arawn.A king in Annwn;appeals to Pwyll for help against Havgan,357;exchanges kingdoms for a year with Pwyll,357-359

Arawn.A king in Annwn;

appeals to Pwyll for help against Havgan,357;

exchanges kingdoms for a year with Pwyll,357-359

Ard Macha(Armagh). Emain Macha now represented by grassy ramparts of a hill-fortress close to,150;significance,251

Ard Macha(Armagh). Emain Macha now represented by grassy ramparts of a hill-fortress close to,150;

significance,251

Ard Righ(ard ree) (i.e., High King). Dermot MacKerval, of Ireland,47

Ardan.Brother of Naisi,198

Ardcullin.Cuchulain placeswhiteround pillar-stone of,207

Ardee.Significance,251

Ari´anrod. Sister of Gwydion;proposed as virgin foot-holder to Māth;Dylan and Llew sons of.380,381

Ari´anrod. Sister of Gwydion;

proposed as virgin foot-holder to Māth;

Dylan and Llew sons of.380,381

Aristotle.Celts and,17

Armagh.Invisible dwelling of Lir on Slieve Fuad in County,125

Arnold, Matthew.Reference to, in connexion with Celtic legendary literature,419

Arr´ian. Celtic characteristics, evidence of, regarding,36

Artaius.A god in Celtic mythology who occupies the place of Gwydion,349

Arthur.Chosen leader against Saxons, whom he finally defeated in battle of Mount Badon,337;Geoffrey of Monmouth's“Historia Regum Britaniae”commemorates exploits of,337;son of Uther Pendragon and Igerna,337;Modred, his nephew, usurps crown of,337;Guanhumara, wife of, retires to convent,337,338;genealogy set forth,352;tales of, in Welsh literature,386;Kilhwch at court of,387,388;the“Dream of Rhonabwy”and,392,393;Owain, son of Urien, plays chess with,393;adventure of Kymon, knight of court of,394-396;Gwenhwyvar, wife of,394;Owain at court of,396,397,399;Peredur at court of,401,402

Arthur.Chosen leader against Saxons, whom he finally defeated in battle of Mount Badon,337;

Geoffrey of Monmouth's“Historia Regum Britaniae”commemorates exploits of,337;

son of Uther Pendragon and Igerna,337;

Modred, his nephew, usurps crown of,337;

Guanhumara, wife of, retires to convent,337,338;

genealogy set forth,352;

tales of, in Welsh literature,386;

Kilhwch at court of,387,388;

the“Dream of Rhonabwy”and,392,393;

Owain, son of Urien, plays chess with,393;

adventure of Kymon, knight of court of,394-396;

Gwenhwyvar, wife of,394;

Owain at court of,396,397,399;

Peredur at court of,401,402

Back to Index Next