AAAH'MES, QUEEN. Wife of King of Egypt,246;visited by Amen-Ra,247;raised above the earth by Neith and Selk247;the mother of Queen Hatshepsut,248;likeness, of,318AAH-TE-HU'TI, or TE-HU'TI. Equivalent, Thoth,106,107AA-RU. Underworld known as,64AAT-AB. Shrine of Heru-Behudeti at,86AB'TU. A pilot fish to Ra's barque,131ABU. Alternative, Elephantine,152ABU RO'ASH. Second pyramid built at,25AB-Y'DOS. Five priests comprised the staff at,54;centre of worship of Osiris,63;oracle of Bes at,281,310;likeness of Seti I at,318AB-YSS-IN'IA,259AB-YSS-IN'IANS,34ADAM, ROBERT,322AD-O'NIS. Similarity of myth to that of Osiris,70;reference to,160Æ-GE'AN. Merchants of the, evolved their alphabet from Egyptian hieratic,185Æ'LI-AN,284,291ÆSOP'S FABLES,195AF'A. Beings in heaven; characteristics of, unknown,126AF'RA. Variant of Ra-Osiris,78;boat of, meets boats of Osiris in underworld,117;as Afra, Osiris continues his journey through the Duat,118;passes through body of monstrous serpent, and emerges as Khepera,118AFRICA-N. Origin of older religion of Egypt certainly,3;Osiris, god of North-east,64;origin, Osiris of,64;origin, Anqet of,156AFRICA-N INFLUENCE. Semitic and, on Egyptian religious ideas,280-282;deities, Bes the most important of,281AH. The moon-god; Ashtoreth and,278AH-U'RA. Wife of Neper-ka-Ptah,268;her prophecy regarding Setne,268;requests Setne not to remove her husband's book,266AÏ. The palace of,42;hymn to Aten found in tomb of,161AI'NU OF JAPAN. God of the,146AK'ER. The lion-god; guarded the gate of the dawn,291AK'ER-BLAD. One who helped decipher Rosetta Stone,187AK'ER-TET. Celebration of mysteries of,57AK'HEN-AT-EN.SeeAmen-hetep IV.1. King; Amen-hetep changes his name to,158;religion of,158;introduced cult of Aten into Egypt,159;his reign,160;reference to,161.2. Palace of,42;new capital built by Amen-hetep,158;social life in,159AL-AS'IA. Ounamounou drives into the country of,236;Hatibi, the Princess of,236AL'CHE-MY,269ALEXANDER THE GREAT,142ALEXANDRIA. Wine made in Mareotis,46;writings of Greeks of,108;statue of Sarapis at,307;Sarapis, principal deity in,310ALEXANDRINE-CONQUEST. The religion of Egypt and,304AL KHE-MEI'A,269AM-A'IT. The attendant of the Lord of Amenti,209,210AM-AS'IS. An Egyptian monarch who died 526 B.C.,196,197;Saïte King,302;raised sarcophagi to the sacred bull,302;Naukratis founded in time of,303AM'ELINEAU,124AMEMT. Monster, who attends the Judgment Scene,294AM'EN. Great wealth and power of the god,52;alluded to inBook of the Dead,119;associated with Ra; temple at Thebes,131;Ra and Osiris, worship widespread Nile valley,137;centre of worship and power, Thebes; all attributes of Ra attributedto him,138,139;national deity; fusion of Ra and Amen,139,140;'king of the gods,'140;his cult an attempt at monotheism,141;in Egyptian pantheon was worshipped as Amen-Ra,157;reference to,144,158,159,176;the god, Pharaoh Manakhphrê-Siamon, and,213,214;appellation, the Bull of Meroe,214;invoked in connexion with spells,264;Sebek represented with the plumes of,291;shared in worship of Egypt during Libyan period,300;priestesses in service of,305;Zeus identified with,305,306A'MEN-EM-HAT I. Wrote work on good government,187;first king of Twelfth Dynasty,190AM'EN-EM-HAT III. Pyramid of, at Dahshur,26AM'EN-HET'EP III. Temple of Mut built by,143;temples of Ra-Harmachis and Aten built by,157;worship of Ashtoreth in the time of,278;boasted to have shot one hundred and two lions,292;son of Hāpu,303;a hero-god who was thought to have seen and conversed with the gods,303AM'EN-HET'EP IV. Cult of Aten in reign of; regarded as abode ofsun-god,157,58;built new capital dedicated to faith of Aten,158;reference to,161AM'EN-RA. Political power of priests of,140;all the attributes of the Egyptian pantheon lavished upon him,with the exception of those of Osiris,141;one of his forms that of a goose,141;dominion of,142;Nut, female counterpart,143;worshipped in Eighteenth Dynasty,157;struggle for supremacy between votaries of, and those of Aten; name of,obliterated from inscriptionsby order of king,158;supremacy triumphantly restored on death of Akh-en-Aten,160;beauty of,176,177;festival of,177;Ounamounou, chief priest of,232;gold of,232;statue of,233;sacred barque of,233;Pharaoh Petoubastis swears by,244;king of gods and maker of men,246;Queen Hatshepsut daughter of, by Queen Aahames,246-248;Prince Thoutii extols,251;goose sacred to,297AM-EN'TET. A region of Field, or Place of Reeds, where dwelt souls living uponearth-offerings,116;ruled over by Menuqet,116;reference to,124,164AM-EN'TI. Reference to,208;a vision of,209-211;the gods of, seen by Setne,209-211;Amait, the attendant of the Lord of,210AMERICA. Tribes, and animal totems,11;aborigines of, and soul,31;myth of Nut common among aborigines of,173AMERICA-N, NORTH. Superstition among tribes of,renew name259;parallel to practice of Egyptian gods found in the mythology ofcertain tribes of,261;Indians; theorendaof the,261;Indian; dreams and,273AMERICAN INDIAN. Reference to belief of the,5;belief in resurrection by,79AM'HET. A portion of the underworld,117AM'SET. Equivalent, Mesti,28;one of the four helpers of Horus,96AM'SU. Variant of Ptah-Seker, Asar,146;Qetesh associated with,279AMULET-S. Use in Egypt,263;some of more important ones—the Heart (the Scarab), the Pillow, the Collar of Gold,the Eye of Horus, etc.,263;efficaciousness of,269AN'AP-OU. Brother of Bitou,224-228;kills his wife and mourns for Bitou,225;rewarded by Pharaoh,226;succeeds Bitou on throne of Egypt,228ANCIENT EMPIRE. Reference to,137AN'I. Papyrus of,6;reference to,57;instructions to his heir,187;reference to the papyrus of,324ANIMAL-S. Spells in Thoth's Library of Magical Books capable ofenchanting,266;transformation,270-273;Dr. Bridge and the idea of transformation of,271;provision of spells in theBook of the Deadto enable the deceased to transformhimself from a bird, serpent, etc.,270,271;worship; Egyptians incurred merriment of the cultured Greek and the ridicule of earlyChristian writers, by,271;worship; the attitude of primitive man and Egyptians,271;transformation; origin of,271;form; of Egyptian gods, questionretotemic origin,272;sacred, in Egypt,282-297;worshipped in Egypt—the bull,284-288;the crocodile,289-291;the lion,291-292;the cat,293;the dog,294;the hippopotamus,294;the ibis,295-297;other animals in Egyptian mythology—the ass, the pig, the hare,the shrew-mouse, the ichneumon, the bat, the tortoise, the serpent,the uræus, the scorpion (sacred to Isis), and the frog (symbolof generation, birth, and fecundity),295;worship of, during the Late period,302-304;worship of, during Hellenic period,306;Strabo, and statues of sacred,306;crude images of living, made of mud in Egypt during the Thinite period,312AN'IM-ISM. Ancient Egyptians passed through phase of,4;the mother of Spiritism,254,255ANKH-NET'ERU. A great serpent through whose body Af Ra is drawnin his boat by twelve gods,118AN-OUK-HOR'ON. The Prince of Tiome; breaks under the stress of the bonds of Sebennytos,244;is overthrown by Petekhousou,244AN-PU. Equivalent, Anubis,103AN'QET. Isis, as goddess of fertile waters was called,83;one of a triad of gods held in reverence at Elephantine,152;female counterpart of Khnemu; local Nubian goddess,153;sister-goddess of Satet; origin; worship centred at Sahal; shrine at Philæ,where she was identified with Nephthys,156;personification,156ANT. A pilot fish to Ra's barque,131ANTH.SeeAnthatAN'THAT. Egyptian war-goddess,276;her cult in Syria,277;shrine at Thebes to,277;Rameses II and,277;name given by Rameses II to his daughter,277;appellation, 'lady of heaven and mistress of the gods,'277;Set and,278ANTIQUITY-IES. Service of,38;of Egyptian magic,254;reference to Comte de Caylus,321AN'TUF. Temple of,151AN'U, or AN'NU. College at,54;the On or Heliopolis of the Greeks,54,113;alluded to inBook of the Dead,119;worship of Ra centred in,132AN'U-BIS. Representation of,11;mask of,30;body of Osiris and,79;son of Nephthys,97,98;son of Set,99;alternative, An-pu; guide of the dead,103;worshipped at Lycopolis, Abt, and elsewhere; part in theBook of the Dead;embalmed body of Osiris,104;assisted by Up-uaut; personification of the summer solstice,105;had votaries in Rome,106;reference to,109,119;weighs hearts of the dead before Osiris,119;Setne sees beside Osiris,209;his judgment on the dead,209;in the court of Amen-Ra,246;mummy magic and,274;the jackal sacred to,294APE-GODS. Songs to Osiris by the,116AP'EP, AP'EPI. Fiend of darkness,13;Set takes his form,100;obstructs Af Ra,118;enemy of Ra, daily devours the sun; counterpart, the Assyrian monster, Tiamat,131,132;reference to,161;slain at Heliopolis, ra174;the monster serpent; terrors of the Unknown personified in, ra295;slain by the solar cat, ra298;Set identified with, ra300AP'EPI. Prince; leader of the Hyksos, ra194APES. Kept in temples, ra294AP'ET. Hippopotamus-goddess of Thebes; supposed mother of Osiris, ra174, ra175APH'RO-D-I-TE. Hathor identified with, ra168APH-ROD'IT-O-POL-IS. Hathor of, ra169AP'IS. Slain by Ochus, ra103;sacred bull; Bitou assumes form of, ra226;worship of in Egypt, ra284;Herodotus describes, ra284;account of, by Diodorus, ra284, ra285;Manetho on cult of, ra284;Diodorus's account of the finding of the, ra284;funeral ceremonies of, ra285;installation of, ra284, ra285;transported to Memphis, ra285;cows presented to the, ra285;oracle in the temple of Ptah, ra286;Wiedemann on the oracles of the, ra286;Pliny on the prophecies in connexion with the, ra286;prophecies during the procession of the, ra286;sacrifices to the, ra287;burial of, ra287;votive statues and stelæ dedicated to the dead, ra287;at death, the dual god Osiris-Apis formed, ra287;attributes of Hades ascribed to, ra287;worship during the Late period, ra302;the Saïte King, Amasis, raised sarcophagi to the, ra302;Kambyses and the, ra304;worshipped by conquered and conquerors, ra306A-POL'LIN-OP'OLIS MAG'NA. 'Lady of the chariot dweller in'—Egyptianappellation for Ashtoreth, ra278AP-U'-AT. Equivalent, Up-uaut, ra105AP'U-LEI-US. Speaks of Anubis as having a dog's head, ra106ARABIA. Immigrations from, to Egypt, ra34ARABIAN NIGHTS. Reference to, ra249ARABS. Pyramid called amastababy, ra24;reference to,182;Sennacherib, King of the Assyrians and, ra219, ra220ARCHÆOLOGICAL SOCIETY, ra248ARCHITECTURE. Rude forms of early, in Egypt, ra312AR'IS-TE-AS. Soul of, ra6AR-SIN'OË. TWO royal Ptolemies and an; figures of on stele, ra288AR'THUR, KING. Reference to, ra87ART-S. Influence of Bes, ra281;output of the great Egyptian masters, ra311;Egyptian, ra311-326;indigenous to ancient Egypt, ra311;Japan and China; the great Italian masters, ra311;the old Spanish artists, ra311;painting imported from the Low Countries, ra311;painting and other domestic, in the land of Isis, ra312;the Thinite, the first period of Egyptian, ra312;crude images made of mud, ra312;rude forms of architecture in Egypt, ra312;the materials of painting, ra315-317;New Empire, ra317-210;the Saïte, the last period of Egyptian, ra319, ra320;Egyptian artists of the Saïte period prone to imitate, ra319;decline of Egyptian jewellery, ra319;dawn of Saïte period saw completion of many noble edifices, ra319, ra320;structures and foreign ideas, ra320;paintings of period equal to earlier product, ra320;statuary of Saïte period, ra320;influences of Egyptian, ra320-323;Egyptian influences in Spain, ra321;Egyptian influence on French, ra321;reference to Comte de Caylus, ra321;reference to Napoleon's Egyptian expedition, ra321;reference to Ivan Mestrovic, ra322;reference to David Edström, ra322;Post-Impressionists and Impressionists, in Egyptian, ra322, ra323;artistic remains, ra323;the value of Egyptian, ra323;reference to the Salon School and the Rue de Rivoli—also to Clouet,Boucher, Lancret, Clodion, Dalou, and Rodin, ra323;the mass of Egyptian remains, far inferior to those of Greek origin, ra323;the Egyptian a divine colourist, ra324;Egyptian colour-harmonies, ra324;reference to Whistler, ra325;simplicity; in Egyptian, ra325;great simplicity of Egyptian, ra325, ra326;reference to Lady Margaret Sackville, ra326;genius of Egyptian artists, ra326AS'AR-HA'PI. An aspect of Sarapis, ra306, ra308A'S-ER. Tree of, ra7ASH'EMU. Gods of heaven, attributes unknown, ra126ASHMOLEAN MUSEUM. ra37ASH'TAR-OTH. See AshtorethASH'TOR-ETH. An Egyptian god borrowed from Semitic Asia, ra276;called by Egyptians 'mistress of horses, lady of the chariot,dweller in Apollinopolis Magna,' ra278;the terrible goddess of war, ra278;her worship brought into Egypt, ra278;mention of, in letter from Tushratta to Amen-hetep III, ra278;her worship in the Delta, ra278;a temple to, on the shores of the Serbonian lake, ra278;identified with the forms of Hathor, or Isis-Hathor, ra278;the national goddess of the Syrians, ra278;Rameses II named one of his sons after her (Mer-Astrot), ra279;depicted as lioness-headed, ra278;Qetesh considered, an aspect of, ra279A'SO. Queen of Ethiopia; in league with Set for murder of Osiris, ra66AS'SA. Pyramid of, called the Beautiful, ra26ASS'UAN (pron. As-wān). Tombs and quarries of, ra43ASSYRIAN-S. Reference to, monster Tiamat, counterpart of Apep, ra132;Sennacherib, King of the, ra219, ra220;Egyptian artists learn from the, ra319AS-TAR'TE. Equivalent, Athenais, ra68;aids Isis, ra69;is shown battlefield by Horus, ra88ASTROLOGICAL. Knowledge; of the Egyptians, ra272, ra273;calendars, ra273AT'EF. Crown, the, worn by Thoth, ra106AT'EN. Disk of the sun, ra156;cult of during reign of Amenhetep IV, ra157;regarded as abode of sun-god, ra157, ra158;king builds capital to faith of, ra158;king of the gods,thegod, ra158;his cult a naturalistic one, ra159;signified both the sun-god and the solar-disk;inBook of the Dead,160;words referring to,161;his control of the Nile; titles given to,161;cult of, was worship of sun-god,162AT'MU. Equivalent, Tem,119;or Atum,133;god, in the court of Amen-Ra,246AT'TIS. Similarity of myth to that of Osiris,70;rites of,72AT'UM. Original local god of Heliopolis; united with Ra-Tem,133;equivalents, Atmu,119;Atum, or Tem,136AUDIENCE, HALL OF,211-219;Se-Osiris and,218AUGUSTUS, EMPEROR. The Apis Oracle and,286;Strabo's visits Egypt during reign of,290;Strabo writes in time of,306AUSTRALIA-N. Societies; almost identical with those of Eleusis,58;