1Asher & Co., Berlin, 1895.↑2Antiquities of the Cherokee Indians, compiled from the collection of Reverend Sabin Buttrick, their missionary from 1817 to 1847, as presented in the Indian Chieftain; Vinita, Indian Territory, 1884.↑3Buttrick, Antiquities of the Cherokee Indians, pp. 9–10.↑4Schoolcraft, Notes on the Iroquois, p. 359, 1847.↑5Buttrick, op. cit., p. 10.↑6Travels, pp. 449–450.↑7W. O. Tuggle, Myths of the Creeks, MS, 1887. Copy in archives of the Bureau of American Ethnology.↑8A. S. Gatschet, Some Mythic Stories of the Yuchi Indians, in American Anthropologist,VI, p. 281, July, 1893.↑9Antiquities.↑10E. G. Squier, The Serpent Symbol and the Worship of the Reciprocal Principles of Nature in America (Am. Archæological Researches, 1); New York, 1851.↑11Rev. Wm. W. Gill, Myths and Songs from the South Pacific, with a preface by F. Max Müller; London, 1876, pp. 18, 21, 58, 71.↑12G. E. Foster, Sequoyah, the American Cadmus and Modern Moses; Philadelphia, Indian Rights Association, 1885.↑13Historical Sketches of the Cherokees, together with some of their Customs, Traditions, and Superstitions, by Wahnenauhi, a Cherokee Indian; MS in archives of the Bureau of American Ethnology.↑14Frank Russell, Myths of the Jicarilla Apaches, in Journal of Am. Folklore, October, 1898.↑15H. R. Schoolcraft, Algic Researches, Comprising Inquiries Respecting the Mental Characteristics of the North American Indians; first series, Indian Tales and Legends (two volumes); New York, 1839.↑16The Dhegiha Language, in Contributions to North American Ethnology,VI(Department of the Interior, U. S. Geographical and Geological Survey of the Rocky Mountain Region. J. W. Powell in charge), Washington, D. C.↑17League of the Iroquois, pp. 161, 102, and 199.↑18Hewitt, Cosmogonic Gods of the Iroquois, in Proc. Am. Ass. Adv. Sci.,XLIV, 1895.↑19History of Carolina, ed. 1860, p. 35.↑20Traditions of the Thompson River Indians of British Columbia, collected and annotated by James Teit, with introduction by Franz Boas (Memoirs of the American Folk-Lore Society,VI); Boston and New York, 1898, p. 74.↑21Memoirs, p. 77.↑22History of the American Indians, p. 401.↑23Erminnie Smith, Myths of the Iroquois, in Second Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology, p. 80.↑24Teit, Thompson River Traditions, p. 61.↑25Josiah Gregg, The Commerce of the Prairies, or The Journal of a Santa Fe Trader During Eight Expeditions across the Great Western Prairies and a Residence of Nearly Nine Years in Northern Mexico; vol.II, pp. 239–240; New York and London, 1844.↑26Francis Parkman, The Jesuits in North America in the Seventeenth Century, second edition, p. lxxxiii (quoting Le Clerc); Boston, 1867.↑27Teit, Thompson River Traditions, p. 85.↑28Alfred Wiedemann, Religion of the Ancient Egyptians; New York, 1897, p. 55.↑29Heli Chatelain, Folktales of Angola: Fifty Tales, with Ki-mbundu text, literal English translation, introduction, and notes (Memoirs of the American Folk-Lore Society,I); Boston and New York. 1894.↑30Memoirs of American Folk-Lore Society,V; Boston and New York, 1897.↑31J. W. Bouton, Bible Myths and their Parallels in Other Religions; 2d ed., New York, 1883; Bible Folklore, A Study in Comparative Mythology; New York, 1884.↑32The Myths of the New World, A Treatise on the Symbolism and Mythology of the Red Race of America; 3d ed., Philadelphia, 1896.↑33Heckewelder, Indian Nations, p. 254, ed. 1876.↑34Henry, Travels and Adventures in Canada, etc., pp. 212–213, New York, 1809.↑35G. B. Grinnell, Pawnee Hero Stories and Folktales, with Notes on the Origin, Customs, and Character of the Pawnee People; New York, 1889, pp. 358–359.↑36Joel C. Harris, Uncle Remus, His Songs and His Sayings; New York, 1886.↑37J. C. Harris, Nights with Uncle Remus: Myths and Legends of the Old Plantation; Boston, 1883.↑38C. G. Leland, Algonquin Legends of New England, p. 212; Boston, 1884.↑39History of the American Indians, p. 30.↑40J. E. Holbrook, North American Herpetology, or a Description of the Reptiles inhabiting the United States,II, p. 119; Phila., 1842.↑41J. G. M. Ramsey, The Annals of Tennessee to the end of the Eighteenth Century, etc., Philadelphia, 1853.↑42Buckingham Smith, Letter of Hernando de Soto and Memoir of Hernando de Escalante, translated from the Spanish; Washington, 1854, p. 46.↑43Manuscript Journal, 1796, with Georgia Historical Society, Savannah.↑44Dr Elias Boudinot, A Star in the West, or a Humble Attempt to Discover the Long Lost Ten Tribes of Israel, Preparatory to Their Return to Their Beloved City, Jerusalem; Trenton, N. J., 1816.↑45J. M. Stanley, Portraits of North American Indians, with sketches of scenery, etc., painted by J. M. Stanley, deposited with the Smithsonian Institution. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, December, 1852; pp. 18–22. The Stanley account was not seen by the present author until after the Wafford tradition was in proofs.↑
1Asher & Co., Berlin, 1895.↑2Antiquities of the Cherokee Indians, compiled from the collection of Reverend Sabin Buttrick, their missionary from 1817 to 1847, as presented in the Indian Chieftain; Vinita, Indian Territory, 1884.↑3Buttrick, Antiquities of the Cherokee Indians, pp. 9–10.↑4Schoolcraft, Notes on the Iroquois, p. 359, 1847.↑5Buttrick, op. cit., p. 10.↑6Travels, pp. 449–450.↑7W. O. Tuggle, Myths of the Creeks, MS, 1887. Copy in archives of the Bureau of American Ethnology.↑8A. S. Gatschet, Some Mythic Stories of the Yuchi Indians, in American Anthropologist,VI, p. 281, July, 1893.↑9Antiquities.↑10E. G. Squier, The Serpent Symbol and the Worship of the Reciprocal Principles of Nature in America (Am. Archæological Researches, 1); New York, 1851.↑11Rev. Wm. W. Gill, Myths and Songs from the South Pacific, with a preface by F. Max Müller; London, 1876, pp. 18, 21, 58, 71.↑12G. E. Foster, Sequoyah, the American Cadmus and Modern Moses; Philadelphia, Indian Rights Association, 1885.↑13Historical Sketches of the Cherokees, together with some of their Customs, Traditions, and Superstitions, by Wahnenauhi, a Cherokee Indian; MS in archives of the Bureau of American Ethnology.↑14Frank Russell, Myths of the Jicarilla Apaches, in Journal of Am. Folklore, October, 1898.↑15H. R. Schoolcraft, Algic Researches, Comprising Inquiries Respecting the Mental Characteristics of the North American Indians; first series, Indian Tales and Legends (two volumes); New York, 1839.↑16The Dhegiha Language, in Contributions to North American Ethnology,VI(Department of the Interior, U. S. Geographical and Geological Survey of the Rocky Mountain Region. J. W. Powell in charge), Washington, D. C.↑17League of the Iroquois, pp. 161, 102, and 199.↑18Hewitt, Cosmogonic Gods of the Iroquois, in Proc. Am. Ass. Adv. Sci.,XLIV, 1895.↑19History of Carolina, ed. 1860, p. 35.↑20Traditions of the Thompson River Indians of British Columbia, collected and annotated by James Teit, with introduction by Franz Boas (Memoirs of the American Folk-Lore Society,VI); Boston and New York, 1898, p. 74.↑21Memoirs, p. 77.↑22History of the American Indians, p. 401.↑23Erminnie Smith, Myths of the Iroquois, in Second Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology, p. 80.↑24Teit, Thompson River Traditions, p. 61.↑25Josiah Gregg, The Commerce of the Prairies, or The Journal of a Santa Fe Trader During Eight Expeditions across the Great Western Prairies and a Residence of Nearly Nine Years in Northern Mexico; vol.II, pp. 239–240; New York and London, 1844.↑26Francis Parkman, The Jesuits in North America in the Seventeenth Century, second edition, p. lxxxiii (quoting Le Clerc); Boston, 1867.↑27Teit, Thompson River Traditions, p. 85.↑28Alfred Wiedemann, Religion of the Ancient Egyptians; New York, 1897, p. 55.↑29Heli Chatelain, Folktales of Angola: Fifty Tales, with Ki-mbundu text, literal English translation, introduction, and notes (Memoirs of the American Folk-Lore Society,I); Boston and New York. 1894.↑30Memoirs of American Folk-Lore Society,V; Boston and New York, 1897.↑31J. W. Bouton, Bible Myths and their Parallels in Other Religions; 2d ed., New York, 1883; Bible Folklore, A Study in Comparative Mythology; New York, 1884.↑32The Myths of the New World, A Treatise on the Symbolism and Mythology of the Red Race of America; 3d ed., Philadelphia, 1896.↑33Heckewelder, Indian Nations, p. 254, ed. 1876.↑34Henry, Travels and Adventures in Canada, etc., pp. 212–213, New York, 1809.↑35G. B. Grinnell, Pawnee Hero Stories and Folktales, with Notes on the Origin, Customs, and Character of the Pawnee People; New York, 1889, pp. 358–359.↑36Joel C. Harris, Uncle Remus, His Songs and His Sayings; New York, 1886.↑37J. C. Harris, Nights with Uncle Remus: Myths and Legends of the Old Plantation; Boston, 1883.↑38C. G. Leland, Algonquin Legends of New England, p. 212; Boston, 1884.↑39History of the American Indians, p. 30.↑40J. E. Holbrook, North American Herpetology, or a Description of the Reptiles inhabiting the United States,II, p. 119; Phila., 1842.↑41J. G. M. Ramsey, The Annals of Tennessee to the end of the Eighteenth Century, etc., Philadelphia, 1853.↑42Buckingham Smith, Letter of Hernando de Soto and Memoir of Hernando de Escalante, translated from the Spanish; Washington, 1854, p. 46.↑43Manuscript Journal, 1796, with Georgia Historical Society, Savannah.↑44Dr Elias Boudinot, A Star in the West, or a Humble Attempt to Discover the Long Lost Ten Tribes of Israel, Preparatory to Their Return to Their Beloved City, Jerusalem; Trenton, N. J., 1816.↑45J. M. Stanley, Portraits of North American Indians, with sketches of scenery, etc., painted by J. M. Stanley, deposited with the Smithsonian Institution. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, December, 1852; pp. 18–22. The Stanley account was not seen by the present author until after the Wafford tradition was in proofs.↑
1Asher & Co., Berlin, 1895.↑2Antiquities of the Cherokee Indians, compiled from the collection of Reverend Sabin Buttrick, their missionary from 1817 to 1847, as presented in the Indian Chieftain; Vinita, Indian Territory, 1884.↑3Buttrick, Antiquities of the Cherokee Indians, pp. 9–10.↑4Schoolcraft, Notes on the Iroquois, p. 359, 1847.↑5Buttrick, op. cit., p. 10.↑6Travels, pp. 449–450.↑7W. O. Tuggle, Myths of the Creeks, MS, 1887. Copy in archives of the Bureau of American Ethnology.↑8A. S. Gatschet, Some Mythic Stories of the Yuchi Indians, in American Anthropologist,VI, p. 281, July, 1893.↑9Antiquities.↑10E. G. Squier, The Serpent Symbol and the Worship of the Reciprocal Principles of Nature in America (Am. Archæological Researches, 1); New York, 1851.↑11Rev. Wm. W. Gill, Myths and Songs from the South Pacific, with a preface by F. Max Müller; London, 1876, pp. 18, 21, 58, 71.↑12G. E. Foster, Sequoyah, the American Cadmus and Modern Moses; Philadelphia, Indian Rights Association, 1885.↑13Historical Sketches of the Cherokees, together with some of their Customs, Traditions, and Superstitions, by Wahnenauhi, a Cherokee Indian; MS in archives of the Bureau of American Ethnology.↑14Frank Russell, Myths of the Jicarilla Apaches, in Journal of Am. Folklore, October, 1898.↑15H. R. Schoolcraft, Algic Researches, Comprising Inquiries Respecting the Mental Characteristics of the North American Indians; first series, Indian Tales and Legends (two volumes); New York, 1839.↑16The Dhegiha Language, in Contributions to North American Ethnology,VI(Department of the Interior, U. S. Geographical and Geological Survey of the Rocky Mountain Region. J. W. Powell in charge), Washington, D. C.↑17League of the Iroquois, pp. 161, 102, and 199.↑18Hewitt, Cosmogonic Gods of the Iroquois, in Proc. Am. Ass. Adv. Sci.,XLIV, 1895.↑19History of Carolina, ed. 1860, p. 35.↑20Traditions of the Thompson River Indians of British Columbia, collected and annotated by James Teit, with introduction by Franz Boas (Memoirs of the American Folk-Lore Society,VI); Boston and New York, 1898, p. 74.↑21Memoirs, p. 77.↑22History of the American Indians, p. 401.↑23Erminnie Smith, Myths of the Iroquois, in Second Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology, p. 80.↑24Teit, Thompson River Traditions, p. 61.↑25Josiah Gregg, The Commerce of the Prairies, or The Journal of a Santa Fe Trader During Eight Expeditions across the Great Western Prairies and a Residence of Nearly Nine Years in Northern Mexico; vol.II, pp. 239–240; New York and London, 1844.↑26Francis Parkman, The Jesuits in North America in the Seventeenth Century, second edition, p. lxxxiii (quoting Le Clerc); Boston, 1867.↑27Teit, Thompson River Traditions, p. 85.↑28Alfred Wiedemann, Religion of the Ancient Egyptians; New York, 1897, p. 55.↑29Heli Chatelain, Folktales of Angola: Fifty Tales, with Ki-mbundu text, literal English translation, introduction, and notes (Memoirs of the American Folk-Lore Society,I); Boston and New York. 1894.↑30Memoirs of American Folk-Lore Society,V; Boston and New York, 1897.↑31J. W. Bouton, Bible Myths and their Parallels in Other Religions; 2d ed., New York, 1883; Bible Folklore, A Study in Comparative Mythology; New York, 1884.↑32The Myths of the New World, A Treatise on the Symbolism and Mythology of the Red Race of America; 3d ed., Philadelphia, 1896.↑33Heckewelder, Indian Nations, p. 254, ed. 1876.↑34Henry, Travels and Adventures in Canada, etc., pp. 212–213, New York, 1809.↑35G. B. Grinnell, Pawnee Hero Stories and Folktales, with Notes on the Origin, Customs, and Character of the Pawnee People; New York, 1889, pp. 358–359.↑36Joel C. Harris, Uncle Remus, His Songs and His Sayings; New York, 1886.↑37J. C. Harris, Nights with Uncle Remus: Myths and Legends of the Old Plantation; Boston, 1883.↑38C. G. Leland, Algonquin Legends of New England, p. 212; Boston, 1884.↑39History of the American Indians, p. 30.↑40J. E. Holbrook, North American Herpetology, or a Description of the Reptiles inhabiting the United States,II, p. 119; Phila., 1842.↑41J. G. M. Ramsey, The Annals of Tennessee to the end of the Eighteenth Century, etc., Philadelphia, 1853.↑42Buckingham Smith, Letter of Hernando de Soto and Memoir of Hernando de Escalante, translated from the Spanish; Washington, 1854, p. 46.↑43Manuscript Journal, 1796, with Georgia Historical Society, Savannah.↑44Dr Elias Boudinot, A Star in the West, or a Humble Attempt to Discover the Long Lost Ten Tribes of Israel, Preparatory to Their Return to Their Beloved City, Jerusalem; Trenton, N. J., 1816.↑45J. M. Stanley, Portraits of North American Indians, with sketches of scenery, etc., painted by J. M. Stanley, deposited with the Smithsonian Institution. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, December, 1852; pp. 18–22. The Stanley account was not seen by the present author until after the Wafford tradition was in proofs.↑
1Asher & Co., Berlin, 1895.↑
2Antiquities of the Cherokee Indians, compiled from the collection of Reverend Sabin Buttrick, their missionary from 1817 to 1847, as presented in the Indian Chieftain; Vinita, Indian Territory, 1884.↑
3Buttrick, Antiquities of the Cherokee Indians, pp. 9–10.↑
4Schoolcraft, Notes on the Iroquois, p. 359, 1847.↑
5Buttrick, op. cit., p. 10.↑
6Travels, pp. 449–450.↑
7W. O. Tuggle, Myths of the Creeks, MS, 1887. Copy in archives of the Bureau of American Ethnology.↑
8A. S. Gatschet, Some Mythic Stories of the Yuchi Indians, in American Anthropologist,VI, p. 281, July, 1893.↑
9Antiquities.↑
10E. G. Squier, The Serpent Symbol and the Worship of the Reciprocal Principles of Nature in America (Am. Archæological Researches, 1); New York, 1851.↑
11Rev. Wm. W. Gill, Myths and Songs from the South Pacific, with a preface by F. Max Müller; London, 1876, pp. 18, 21, 58, 71.↑
12G. E. Foster, Sequoyah, the American Cadmus and Modern Moses; Philadelphia, Indian Rights Association, 1885.↑
13Historical Sketches of the Cherokees, together with some of their Customs, Traditions, and Superstitions, by Wahnenauhi, a Cherokee Indian; MS in archives of the Bureau of American Ethnology.↑
14Frank Russell, Myths of the Jicarilla Apaches, in Journal of Am. Folklore, October, 1898.↑
15H. R. Schoolcraft, Algic Researches, Comprising Inquiries Respecting the Mental Characteristics of the North American Indians; first series, Indian Tales and Legends (two volumes); New York, 1839.↑
16The Dhegiha Language, in Contributions to North American Ethnology,VI(Department of the Interior, U. S. Geographical and Geological Survey of the Rocky Mountain Region. J. W. Powell in charge), Washington, D. C.↑
17League of the Iroquois, pp. 161, 102, and 199.↑
18Hewitt, Cosmogonic Gods of the Iroquois, in Proc. Am. Ass. Adv. Sci.,XLIV, 1895.↑
19History of Carolina, ed. 1860, p. 35.↑
20Traditions of the Thompson River Indians of British Columbia, collected and annotated by James Teit, with introduction by Franz Boas (Memoirs of the American Folk-Lore Society,VI); Boston and New York, 1898, p. 74.↑
21Memoirs, p. 77.↑
22History of the American Indians, p. 401.↑
23Erminnie Smith, Myths of the Iroquois, in Second Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology, p. 80.↑
24Teit, Thompson River Traditions, p. 61.↑
25Josiah Gregg, The Commerce of the Prairies, or The Journal of a Santa Fe Trader During Eight Expeditions across the Great Western Prairies and a Residence of Nearly Nine Years in Northern Mexico; vol.II, pp. 239–240; New York and London, 1844.↑
26Francis Parkman, The Jesuits in North America in the Seventeenth Century, second edition, p. lxxxiii (quoting Le Clerc); Boston, 1867.↑
27Teit, Thompson River Traditions, p. 85.↑
28Alfred Wiedemann, Religion of the Ancient Egyptians; New York, 1897, p. 55.↑
29Heli Chatelain, Folktales of Angola: Fifty Tales, with Ki-mbundu text, literal English translation, introduction, and notes (Memoirs of the American Folk-Lore Society,I); Boston and New York. 1894.↑
30Memoirs of American Folk-Lore Society,V; Boston and New York, 1897.↑
31J. W. Bouton, Bible Myths and their Parallels in Other Religions; 2d ed., New York, 1883; Bible Folklore, A Study in Comparative Mythology; New York, 1884.↑
32The Myths of the New World, A Treatise on the Symbolism and Mythology of the Red Race of America; 3d ed., Philadelphia, 1896.↑
33Heckewelder, Indian Nations, p. 254, ed. 1876.↑
34Henry, Travels and Adventures in Canada, etc., pp. 212–213, New York, 1809.↑
35G. B. Grinnell, Pawnee Hero Stories and Folktales, with Notes on the Origin, Customs, and Character of the Pawnee People; New York, 1889, pp. 358–359.↑
36Joel C. Harris, Uncle Remus, His Songs and His Sayings; New York, 1886.↑
37J. C. Harris, Nights with Uncle Remus: Myths and Legends of the Old Plantation; Boston, 1883.↑
38C. G. Leland, Algonquin Legends of New England, p. 212; Boston, 1884.↑
39History of the American Indians, p. 30.↑
40J. E. Holbrook, North American Herpetology, or a Description of the Reptiles inhabiting the United States,II, p. 119; Phila., 1842.↑
41J. G. M. Ramsey, The Annals of Tennessee to the end of the Eighteenth Century, etc., Philadelphia, 1853.↑
42Buckingham Smith, Letter of Hernando de Soto and Memoir of Hernando de Escalante, translated from the Spanish; Washington, 1854, p. 46.↑
43Manuscript Journal, 1796, with Georgia Historical Society, Savannah.↑
44Dr Elias Boudinot, A Star in the West, or a Humble Attempt to Discover the Long Lost Ten Tribes of Israel, Preparatory to Their Return to Their Beloved City, Jerusalem; Trenton, N. J., 1816.↑
45J. M. Stanley, Portraits of North American Indians, with sketches of scenery, etc., painted by J. M. Stanley, deposited with the Smithsonian Institution. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, December, 1852; pp. 18–22. The Stanley account was not seen by the present author until after the Wafford tradition was in proofs.↑