THE END.
R. Watts,Printer,Crown Court, Temple Bar.
[1]SeeAppendix (E).[2]This duty is considered by all naval officers as the severest trial of health and spirit to which the profession of a seaman is liable: and in proof of this, it will appear, by the following Narrative, that, upon theRosamondbeing ordered a second time to this station, her Captain obtained leave to quit his ship, and eight of her crew deserted the first time the boat went to shore, after the order arrived from theAdmiralty.[3]See the narrative of this circumstance, as it appeared, at the time, in theNaval Chronicleand other public journals. Upon this signal instance ofBritishvalour in a person so young as to be almost a child in the service, and who had gallantly volunteered to accompany the expedition upon this dangerous enterprise, the Captain of his ship presented Mr.Chappellwith the sword of theSpanishCommander, as the prize of his valour.[4]The Gunner was tried by a Court-martial, during our stay at theNore; and was sentenced, to be reprimanded, and to receive an admonition to be more cautious in future.[5]This is one of the most remarkable examples of theCyclopéan architectureof theCeltswhich is known to exist; owing to its remote situation with regard to the rest ofEurope.[6]TheFucus VesiculosusofLinnœus, orBladder Fucus; called alsoSea Oak, andSea Wrack. Thealkalinesalt obtained from these ashes is the commoncarbonate of soda.[7]For an accurate Table of the different degrees of variation, seeAppendix(A).[8]For any further particulars respecting the Settlements and progress of theMoravians, on the Coast ofLabradorand elsewhere, the Reader is referred to a “History of the Mission of theUnited Brethrenamong theIndiansinNorth America,” in Three Parts, byGeorge Henry Laskiel; translated from theGerman, byChristian Ignatius La Trobe, 1794. Also to “The Periodical Accounts of their Missions,” published by theBrethren’s Society, for the furtherance of the Gospel, at No. 10,Nevil’s Court, Fetter Lane, Holborn, London.[9]See theVignetteto p. 1.[10]See the roughSketch of a Canoe, made by the Author on the spot.PlateI.[11]Mr.Hearne, in his Journey to the Mouth of theCoppermine River, observes, that theEsquimaux, on the sea coast to the northward, used kettles made oflapis ollaris.[12]It was probablySea-weed; a kind of food eaten as a stew, or soup, by the natives of the Isle ofSt. Kilda, in theHebrides.[13]A List is contained in theAppendix, of the different articles ofEsquimauxmanufacture which were presented, by the Author, to the University Library atCambridge; accompanied, also, by a List of things of a similar nature brought toRussiaby CommodoreBillings, from theN. W.coast ofAmerica.[14]This gallant officer lost his arm in the attack onJava, by a cannon-ball. The seamen seeing him knocked backwards by the shock, and lying senseless, conjectured that he had been killed outright; but as they were bearing him off the field, the Captain recovered his senses, and feeling the hot beams of a vertical sun striking directly on his face and head (his hat having rolled off when he fell), he immediately exclaimed to one of his men, “Damme, Sir! fetch me my hat.”[15]Some of the arrows brought toEnglandby the Author were barbedflint, and exactly resemble the arrow-heads found in theTomb of the Atheniansin thePlain of Marathon.[16]See the Plate.[17]SeeHearne’s“Journey to theNorthern Ocean,” p. 154,London, 1795.[18]This practice was common to almost all the antient world; especially to theCelticandGothictribes, as manifested by the antiquities now found in their sepulchres. Possibly, therefore, theAsiaticorigin of theEsquimauxmay hence be deduced. The same custom also exists among theGreenlanders; who are, in fact, a branch of theEsquimaux. “They like,” saysCrantz, “to make the grave in some remote high place, laying a little moss upon the bare ground (for the rock admits of no digging), and spread a skin upon it. . . . . Near the burying spot they deposit thekajakand darts of the deceased, and the tools he daily used.”—SeeCrantz’s Greenland,vol.I.p.237.London, 1767.[19]Moschetosare considered as among the winged agents of theEvil Spirit, by some of theNorth-Americantribes.[20]See theSketchof this remarkableCape, taken on the tops.[21]Hearne’sJourney to the Northern Ocean, p. 224.Lond.1795.[22]See the Voyages ofFrobisher,Davies, and others.[23]This is the denomination of the bottom ofHudson’s Bayto the southward ofCape Henrietta Maria.[24]The Beluga.[25]The account of the above transaction was derived from the most indubitable authority.[26]Memoirs of Mrs.Mary Robinson.[27]See the account of Expeditions through the North-West Continent ofAmericato thePacific Ocean.[28]The infant colony is called by his Lordship,Osna Boia(twoGaelicwords signifyingOssian’s Town), from the resemblance betweenthatand theIndianname ofRed River—Asnaboyne.[29]SeeAppendixB.[30]It is astonishing, that, before the return of the ships, the whole of the drift ice in theStraitsdisappeared.[31]I should have before mentioned, that thePrince of Walesdid not arrive atYork Flatsuntil the day after our ship.[32]As it may be amusing to some people, I have added a few thermometrical observations made atOxford House, in the year 1811.—SeeAppendixC.[33]Instead of tracing theNelson Riverfrom its source to the sea, it will be expedient to annex a map of the river fromLake Winnipegto theGull Lake, shewing also the portages, &c.; and this part of the river may be taken as a sample of the whole.[34]The badge of his dignity among theIndians.[35]The title by which he distinguished the officers of the ship from the gentlemen of the factory.[36]A very expressive name given by theIndiansto spirituous liquors, signifyingMad-Water.[37]Whilst this Journal was preparing for the press, the following article appeared in many of the Daily Prints.“Intelligence has been received, by a late arrival fromCanada, of the entire dispersion of the Colony founded by LordSelkirk, in conjunction with theHudson’s-Bay Company, on the RiverAsnaboyne, in the interior of theN. W.Continent ofAmerica. Disputes with theMetiffsof the Country, a race of people betweenCanadiansandIndians, inflamed the natural jealousy which the latter have always felt, relative to the agricultural encroachments on their hunting-grounds in the interior, and, we understand, compelled his Lordship’s Governor to abandon the establishment which had been made.”—“About one hundred and forty settlers were conveyed by theCanadiantraders to LakeSuperior, on their way toCanada; and the remainder are supposed to have gone toHudson’s Bay, with a view of finding a passage toGreat Britain.“The Governor, Mr.McDonald, and a Sheriff, also appointed by LordSelkirk(Mr.Spencer), were brought down prisoners toMontreal; the one for having granted, the other for having executed, a warrant, under the authority of which, provisions, the property ofCanadiantraders, were seized during the preceding winter, for the maintenance of the colonists; and these gentlemen were admitted to bail in the Courts ofLower Canada, to take their trials for this alleged offence.”Whatever may be the decision of the Judges on this trial, theMetiffswill have succeeded in their malevolent intention, that of destroying all prospect of the Colony ever arriving to a flourishing condition.[38]SeePinkerton’s Geography.[39]Here Mr.Pinkerton, although perfectly correct in every other respect, has fallen into the same error as other geographers; namely, in peoplingHudson’s BaywithEsquimaux: whereas, theCree Indians, who inhabit the Bay, are not savage, take no care of their eyes, and are clothed by theEuropeantraders.[40]Here he plainly alludes to theEsquimauxofHudson’s Straits; not to theCree Indiansof the Bay.[41]At present they employ but two ships, and consequently considerably fewer seamen.[42]For the amusement of persons who are desirous of such information, I have annexed an abstract of the ship’s reckoning fromCape Resolutionto theOrkneys. SeeAppendix D.[43]SeeWalter Scott’s Notes onMarmion, a Tale of Flodden Field.[44]Fossil timber, in a mineralized state, is found in theOrkneysand in theHebrides. In the island ofSkiethere was found part of a large tree mineralized byHornstone; which is now in the possession of the Professor of Mineralogy atCambridge.[45]So called by theCanadians.
[1]SeeAppendix (E).
[2]This duty is considered by all naval officers as the severest trial of health and spirit to which the profession of a seaman is liable: and in proof of this, it will appear, by the following Narrative, that, upon theRosamondbeing ordered a second time to this station, her Captain obtained leave to quit his ship, and eight of her crew deserted the first time the boat went to shore, after the order arrived from theAdmiralty.
[3]See the narrative of this circumstance, as it appeared, at the time, in theNaval Chronicleand other public journals. Upon this signal instance ofBritishvalour in a person so young as to be almost a child in the service, and who had gallantly volunteered to accompany the expedition upon this dangerous enterprise, the Captain of his ship presented Mr.Chappellwith the sword of theSpanishCommander, as the prize of his valour.
[4]The Gunner was tried by a Court-martial, during our stay at theNore; and was sentenced, to be reprimanded, and to receive an admonition to be more cautious in future.
[5]This is one of the most remarkable examples of theCyclopéan architectureof theCeltswhich is known to exist; owing to its remote situation with regard to the rest ofEurope.
[6]TheFucus VesiculosusofLinnœus, orBladder Fucus; called alsoSea Oak, andSea Wrack. Thealkalinesalt obtained from these ashes is the commoncarbonate of soda.
[7]For an accurate Table of the different degrees of variation, seeAppendix(A).
[8]For any further particulars respecting the Settlements and progress of theMoravians, on the Coast ofLabradorand elsewhere, the Reader is referred to a “History of the Mission of theUnited Brethrenamong theIndiansinNorth America,” in Three Parts, byGeorge Henry Laskiel; translated from theGerman, byChristian Ignatius La Trobe, 1794. Also to “The Periodical Accounts of their Missions,” published by theBrethren’s Society, for the furtherance of the Gospel, at No. 10,Nevil’s Court, Fetter Lane, Holborn, London.
[9]See theVignetteto p. 1.
[10]See the roughSketch of a Canoe, made by the Author on the spot.PlateI.
[11]Mr.Hearne, in his Journey to the Mouth of theCoppermine River, observes, that theEsquimaux, on the sea coast to the northward, used kettles made oflapis ollaris.
[12]It was probablySea-weed; a kind of food eaten as a stew, or soup, by the natives of the Isle ofSt. Kilda, in theHebrides.
[13]A List is contained in theAppendix, of the different articles ofEsquimauxmanufacture which were presented, by the Author, to the University Library atCambridge; accompanied, also, by a List of things of a similar nature brought toRussiaby CommodoreBillings, from theN. W.coast ofAmerica.
[14]This gallant officer lost his arm in the attack onJava, by a cannon-ball. The seamen seeing him knocked backwards by the shock, and lying senseless, conjectured that he had been killed outright; but as they were bearing him off the field, the Captain recovered his senses, and feeling the hot beams of a vertical sun striking directly on his face and head (his hat having rolled off when he fell), he immediately exclaimed to one of his men, “Damme, Sir! fetch me my hat.”
[15]Some of the arrows brought toEnglandby the Author were barbedflint, and exactly resemble the arrow-heads found in theTomb of the Atheniansin thePlain of Marathon.
[16]See the Plate.
[17]SeeHearne’s“Journey to theNorthern Ocean,” p. 154,London, 1795.
[18]This practice was common to almost all the antient world; especially to theCelticandGothictribes, as manifested by the antiquities now found in their sepulchres. Possibly, therefore, theAsiaticorigin of theEsquimauxmay hence be deduced. The same custom also exists among theGreenlanders; who are, in fact, a branch of theEsquimaux. “They like,” saysCrantz, “to make the grave in some remote high place, laying a little moss upon the bare ground (for the rock admits of no digging), and spread a skin upon it. . . . . Near the burying spot they deposit thekajakand darts of the deceased, and the tools he daily used.”—SeeCrantz’s Greenland,vol.I.p.237.London, 1767.
[19]Moschetosare considered as among the winged agents of theEvil Spirit, by some of theNorth-Americantribes.
[20]See theSketchof this remarkableCape, taken on the tops.
[21]Hearne’sJourney to the Northern Ocean, p. 224.Lond.1795.
[22]See the Voyages ofFrobisher,Davies, and others.
[23]This is the denomination of the bottom ofHudson’s Bayto the southward ofCape Henrietta Maria.
[24]The Beluga.
[25]The account of the above transaction was derived from the most indubitable authority.
[26]Memoirs of Mrs.Mary Robinson.
[27]See the account of Expeditions through the North-West Continent ofAmericato thePacific Ocean.
[28]The infant colony is called by his Lordship,Osna Boia(twoGaelicwords signifyingOssian’s Town), from the resemblance betweenthatand theIndianname ofRed River—Asnaboyne.
[29]SeeAppendixB.
[30]It is astonishing, that, before the return of the ships, the whole of the drift ice in theStraitsdisappeared.
[31]I should have before mentioned, that thePrince of Walesdid not arrive atYork Flatsuntil the day after our ship.
[32]As it may be amusing to some people, I have added a few thermometrical observations made atOxford House, in the year 1811.—SeeAppendixC.
[33]Instead of tracing theNelson Riverfrom its source to the sea, it will be expedient to annex a map of the river fromLake Winnipegto theGull Lake, shewing also the portages, &c.; and this part of the river may be taken as a sample of the whole.
[34]The badge of his dignity among theIndians.
[35]The title by which he distinguished the officers of the ship from the gentlemen of the factory.
[36]A very expressive name given by theIndiansto spirituous liquors, signifyingMad-Water.
[37]Whilst this Journal was preparing for the press, the following article appeared in many of the Daily Prints.
“Intelligence has been received, by a late arrival fromCanada, of the entire dispersion of the Colony founded by LordSelkirk, in conjunction with theHudson’s-Bay Company, on the RiverAsnaboyne, in the interior of theN. W.Continent ofAmerica. Disputes with theMetiffsof the Country, a race of people betweenCanadiansandIndians, inflamed the natural jealousy which the latter have always felt, relative to the agricultural encroachments on their hunting-grounds in the interior, and, we understand, compelled his Lordship’s Governor to abandon the establishment which had been made.”—“About one hundred and forty settlers were conveyed by theCanadiantraders to LakeSuperior, on their way toCanada; and the remainder are supposed to have gone toHudson’s Bay, with a view of finding a passage toGreat Britain.
“The Governor, Mr.McDonald, and a Sheriff, also appointed by LordSelkirk(Mr.Spencer), were brought down prisoners toMontreal; the one for having granted, the other for having executed, a warrant, under the authority of which, provisions, the property ofCanadiantraders, were seized during the preceding winter, for the maintenance of the colonists; and these gentlemen were admitted to bail in the Courts ofLower Canada, to take their trials for this alleged offence.”
Whatever may be the decision of the Judges on this trial, theMetiffswill have succeeded in their malevolent intention, that of destroying all prospect of the Colony ever arriving to a flourishing condition.
[38]SeePinkerton’s Geography.
[39]Here Mr.Pinkerton, although perfectly correct in every other respect, has fallen into the same error as other geographers; namely, in peoplingHudson’s BaywithEsquimaux: whereas, theCree Indians, who inhabit the Bay, are not savage, take no care of their eyes, and are clothed by theEuropeantraders.
[40]Here he plainly alludes to theEsquimauxofHudson’s Straits; not to theCree Indiansof the Bay.
[41]At present they employ but two ships, and consequently considerably fewer seamen.
[42]For the amusement of persons who are desirous of such information, I have annexed an abstract of the ship’s reckoning fromCape Resolutionto theOrkneys. SeeAppendix D.
[43]SeeWalter Scott’s Notes onMarmion, a Tale of Flodden Field.
[44]Fossil timber, in a mineralized state, is found in theOrkneysand in theHebrides. In the island ofSkiethere was found part of a large tree mineralized byHornstone; which is now in the possession of the Professor of Mineralogy atCambridge.
[45]So called by theCanadians.