REPLIES

"The horse, when he found himself clear of pursuers, stopped his course by degrees, and went with his rider (fast asleep upon his back) into a pond to drink, and there sat his lordship upon the 'sally.' (Qy.saddle?)"

P.C.S.S.

St. Philip and St. James.—"And near it was the house of the apostles Philip and James the son of Alpheus."—Early Travels in Palestine (Mandeville), p. 175.; Bohn'sAntiquarian Library. This is the only place, except in the Church service, where I have seen the above-named apostles coupled together, and have often wondered whether there was any old legend or tradition to account for the Church joining them together in one commemorative festival.

A.H.E.

Sir William Hamilton.—On a tombstone in the burial-ground at St. Hilda's, South Shields, in the county of Durham, is the following inscription:—

"Here lieth interr'd ye body of Sir W. Hamilton Knt and Baronet sonne to ye Earle of Abercorne and late servant to Queen Henrietta Maria ye late Queene mother of our Soveraigne Lord King Charles that now is over England &c. who departed to ye mercy of God June 24th anno Domni 1681."

There is in the possession of an old lady living at Durham, in 1836, an original note in the handwriting of King Charles the Second, of which the following is a copy:—

"Whereas a debte of foure thousande one hundred and fifty pounds sterlinge apeares to be remayning dew by the king my father to Sir W. Hamilton brother to the Earle of Abercorne for the service done to the Queene my mother, I do hereby promis to pay ye sayde debte of 4150£. to ye sayde Sir William Hamilton his heires and assigns or to satisfie him or them to the valew thereof when it shall please God to restore me to the possession of my dominions."Given at Brussells 28 Mar. 1630."CHARLES REX."

"Given at Brussells 28 Mar. 1630.

"CHARLES REX."

Is any thing known of Sir William Hamilton, or of the services he rendered to Queen Henrietta Maria?

A.H.E.

The Koran by Sterne.—Can you or any of your readers inform me if the work entitledThe Koran, printed in some editions of Sterne's writings, is a genuine composition of his, or not? If not, who was its author, and what is its literary history? My reason for asking is, that I have heard it asserted that it is not by Sterne.

E.L.N.

Devices on Standards of the Anglo-Saxons.—Can any of your readers inform me what devices were borne on the standards of the several Anglo-Saxon kingdoms during the so-called Heptarchy? Thewhite horseis by many supposed to have been the standard of Wessex, and to have been borne by Alfred; but was not this really the ensign of the Jutish kingdom of Kent, the county of Kent to this day displaying the white horse in its armorial bearings? The standard of Wessex is by others said to have been thewhite dragon; but Thierry supposes that this, like the contrastedred dragonof Cymbri, was merely a poetical designation, and seems to infer that the flags of these two contending people were without any device. Again, it has been thought that alionwas the ensign of Northumbria; in which case we may, perhaps, conclude that the lions which now grace the shield of the city of York have descended from Anglo-Saxon times. The memory of the Danish standard of theRaven, described by Asser and other Anglo-Saxon chroniclers, still remains; but whether, when Northumbria and East Anglia fell under Danish power, this device supplanted previous Anglo-Saxon devices, is a curious question for antiquarian research. The famous Norwegian standard—the Landeyda, or ravager of the world—under which Harold Hardrada triumphed at Fulford, near York, but to fall a few days later at Stanford Bridge, is well known; but who can inform us as to the device which it bore? These early traces of heraldic usage appear to deserve more notice than I believe they have received.

Burning the Dead.—Can any of your readers, who may have attended particularly to the funeral customs of different peoples, inform me whether the practice of burning the dead has ever been in vogue amongst any people excepting inhabitants of Europe and Asia? I incline to the opinion that this practice has been limited to people of Indo-Germanic or Japetic race, and I shall be obliged by any references in favour of or opposed to this view.

Meaning of "Shipster."—Can any of your correspondents inform me what is the business or calling or profession of a Shipster? The term occurs in a grant of an annuity of Oct. 19. 2 Henry VIII., 1510, and made between "H.U., Gentilman, and Marie Fraunceys de Suthwerk, in com SurrShipster."

JOHN R. FOX.

55. Welbeck Street, Jan. 22. 1850.

Why did Dr. Dee quit Manchester?—In thePenny Cyclopædia, art. DEE, JOHN, I find the following statement:—

"In 1595 the queen appointed Dee warden of Manchester College, he being then sixty-eight years of age. He resided there nine years;but from some cause not exactly known, he left it in 1604, and returned to his house at Mortlake, where he spent the remainder of his days."

Can any of your correspondents assign theprobablecauses which led to Dr. Dee's resignation?

T.T.W.

Burnley, Lancashire, Jan. 21. 1850.

Meaning of "Emerod," "Caredon."—In the Lansd. MS., British Museum, No. 70., there is a letter from Mr. Richard Champernowne to Sir Robert Cecil, dated in 1592, referring to the discovery of some articles pillaged from the Spanish carrack, which had then recently been captured and taken into Dartmouth harbour. Amongst these articles is one thus described:—"An Emerod, made in the form of a cross, three inches in length at the least, and of great breadth."

In the same volume of MSS. (art. 61.) there is the description of a dagger "with a hefte of white Caredon."

From the size of the cross described, "Emerod" can scarcely be read "Emerald," as applied by us to one of the precious stones.

Is "white Caredon" white cornelian?

Can any of your numerous correspondents give me a note in answer to the above queries?

46. Parliament Street, Westminster, Jan. 25. 1850.

Microscope, and Treatise upon it.—I am about to commence the study of the microscope. I want to know where I can purchase the most perfect instrument, and also the best Treatise upon it; this information will indeed be valuable to me, as it would enable me to go at once to the best sources without loss of time.

R.M. JONES.

Chelsea, Jan. 2. 1850.

Old Auster Tenements.—"W.P.P." wishes to know the meaning of the expression "Old Auster Tenements," by which certain lands in the parish of North Curry, Somerset, are described in Deeds and Court Rolls.

The fields behind Montague House were, from about the year 1680, until towards the end of the last century, the scenes of robbery, murder, and every species of depravity and wickedness of which the heart can think. They appear to have been originally called the Long Fields, and afterwards (about Strype's time) the Southampton Fields. These fields remained waste and useless, with the exception of some nursery grounds near the New Road to the north, and a piece of ground enclosed for the Toxophilite Society, towards the northwest, near the back of Gower Street. The remainder was the resort of depraved wretches, whose amusements consisted chiefly in fighting pitched battles, and other disorderly sport, especially on the Sabbath day. Such was their state in 1800.

Tradition had given to the superstitious at that period a legendary story of the period of the Duke of Monmouth's Rebellion, of two brothers who fought in this field so ferociously as to destroy each other; since which, their footsteps, formed from the vengeful struggle, were said to remain, with the indentations produced by their advancing and receding; nor could any grass or vegetable ever be produced where theseforty footstepswere thus displayed. This extraordinary arena was said to be at the extreme termination of the northeast end of Upper Montague Street; and, profiting by the fiction, Miss Porter and her sister produced an ingenious romance thereon, entitled,Coming Out, or the Forty Footsteps. The Messrs. Mayhew also, some twenty years back, brought out, at the Tottenham Street Theatre, an excellent melodrama piece, founded upon the same story, entitledThe Field of Forty Footsteps.

In 1792, an ingenious and enterprising architect, James Burton, began to erect a number of houses on the Foundling Hospital estate, partly in St. Giles's and Bloomsbury parishes, and partly in that of St. Pancras.Baltimore House, built, towards the northeast ofBedford House, by Lord Baltimore, in 1763, appears to have been the only erection since Strype's survey to this period, with the exception of a chimney-sweeper's cottage still further north, and part of which is still to be seen in Rhodes's Mews, Little Guildford Street. In 1800, Bedford House was demolished entirely; which with its offices and gardens, had been the site where the noble family of the Southamptons, and the illustrious Russells, had resided during more than 200 years, almost isolated. Hence commenced the formation of a fine uniform street, Bedford Place, consisting of forty houses, on the spot; also, the north side of Bloomsbury Square, Montague Street to the west, and one side of Southampton Row to the east. Towards the north, the extensive piece of waste ground, denominated theSouthampton Fields, was transformed into a magnificent square, with streets diverging therefrom in various directions. Thus, as if by "touch of magic wand," those scenes, which had been "hideous" for centuries, became transformed into receptacles of civil life and polished society.

The latest account of thesefootsteps, previous to their being built over, with which I am acquainted, is the following, extracted from one of Joseph Moser'sCommon-place Booksin my possession:—

"June 16. 1800.—Went into the fields at the back of Montague House, and there saw, for the last time, theforty footsteps; the building materials are there ready to cover them from the sight of man. I counted more thanforty, but they might be the foot-prints of the workmen."

This extract is valuable, as it establishes the period of the final demolition of the footsteps, and also confirms the legend thatfortywas the original number.

EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.

A query made by so experienced a writer as the noble historian ofAudley End, cannot admit of an easy solution; and instead of professing to answer the two-fold query onpokership, it might more become me to style this note an attempt to answer it.

In theHistorical collections of the noble families of Cavendishe, etc. the passage which contains the doubtful word is printed thus:—

"He [Sir Robert Harley, of Bramton, Herefordshire] was in the next year [1604], on the 16th of July, made forester of Boringwood,aliasBringwood forest, in com. Hereford, with the office ofpokership, and custody of the forest or chace of Prestwood, for life."

Are we to readparkershiporpokership? Ifpokership, what is its meaning?

Skelton, the rhymer, hasparkerforpark-keeper, so thatparkershipis an admissable word; but I reject it on this occasion, as inapplicable to a forest or chace. I incline to believe thatpokershipis the true lection.Pokedenoted a purse; witness Chaucer:—

"Gerveis answered; Certes, were it gold,Or in apokenobles all untold,Thou shuldest it have."—C.T. v. 3777.

"Gerveis answered; Certes, were it gold,

Or in apokenobles all untold,

Thou shuldest it have."—C.T. v. 3777.

We do not findpokerin Barret or Cotgrave; but ifpokedenoted a purse,pokermight denote a purse-bearer or treasurer, andpokership, the office of purse-bearer. So we have BURSA, [Glossarivm manvale, 1772. I. 849.]bursar,bursarship, etc.

BOLTON CORNEY.

A correspondent, "W.," in No. 12. p. 185., wishes to learn "the real surname of Theodoric Mertens, Martins, or Martini, the printer of Louvain."

In Latin the name is written Theodoricus Martinus; in French, Thierri Martin; in Flemish, Diedrych Meertens, and occasionally, but I think incorrectly, Dierix Martens.

In a side chapel of the chancel of the church at Alost, midway between Brussels and Ghent, is the printer's tomb, and a double inscription, in Latin and in Flemish, commemorates his celebrity and the dates of his birth and death; in the Latin inscription the name is Theodoricus Martinus; in the Flemish, which is very old and nearly effaced, it is Diedrych Meertens.

The name ofMeertens, as a surname, is as common in Brabant and Flanders as that of Martin with us.

A.B.

I beg to say that, in Peignot'sDictionnaire raisonné de Bibliologie, the name of the printer Mertens is given as "Martens, Mertens, ou Martin d'Alost (Thierry), en Latin Theodoricus Martinus." The article is too long for insertion in your pages, but it contains an account of the title-page of one of his editions, in 4to., in which the name is speltMertens:—"Theo. Mertens impressore." Two other title-pages have "Apud Theod. Martinum." So it appears that the printer himself used different modes of spelling his own name. Erasmus wrote a Latin epitaph on his friend, in which a graceful allusion is made to his printer's mark, the anchor:—

"Hic Theodoricus jaceo, prognatus Alosto:Ars erat impressis scripta referre typis.Fratribus, uxori, soboli, notisque superstesOctavam vegetus præterii decadem.Anchora sacra manet, gratæ notissima pubi:Christe! precor nunc sis anchora sacra mihi."

"Hic Theodoricus jaceo, prognatus Alosto:

Ars erat impressis scripta referre typis.

Fratribus, uxori, soboli, notisque superstes

Octavam vegetus præterii decadem.

Anchora sacra manet, gratæ notissima pubi:

Christe! precor nunc sis anchora sacra mihi."

HERMES.

In reply to the inquiry of "D.S.Y." (p. 158. of your 10th number), I beg to say that the name of Armagh is written, in Irish, Ardmacha, and signifies the Height (or high ground) of Macha. It is supposed to have derived this name from Macha Mong-ruadh [i.e.Macha of the red hair], who was queen of Ireland, according to the Chronology of O'Flaherty, A.M. 3603.

I.H.T.

Dublin, Jan. 5. 1850.

Sir,—There are the following authorities for different derivations of the wordArmagh.

Camden, in hisBritannia, says:—

"Armachab Amarchâ reginâ; sic dictum fabulantur Hibernici; at mihi eadem esse videtur quamDearmachvocat Beda: etRoborum Campumex lingua Scotica sive Hibernica interpretatur, ubi circa annum salutis DLX. monaterium extruxit celeberrimum Columbanus."

Dr. Keating'sHist. of Irelandhas as follows:—

"Machathe wife of Nemedius died before her son Ainnim ... from herArdmaghreceived its name, because she was buried in that place."

Circles of Gomer(London, 1771), contains as follows:—

"Ar, and Ararat.—The Earth, country, or upon and on the earth ...Armaghon the surrounding water confines."

M. Bullet,Mémoires de la Langue Celtique, writes thus:—

"Armagh, Une des plus anciennes villes d'Irland.Ar, article.Mag, ville."—vol. i.

But the 2nd and 3rd vols. of theseMémoires, which contain the Celtic Dictionary, afford a more probable interpretation:—

"ArorArdsignifies a height, mountain, hill,elevation, the highest, noble, chief, &c. &c., andArin Hebrew, Chaldean, and Armenian, has the same meaning.Maghis a field, a plain, ground, &c., as well as a town, dwelling, &c."

Now, the topographical description of the county of Armarh is that it ishilly, and the hills (not very high) are of granite rock. The town of Armagh again is described as situated on aneminence. I suggest, therefore,the high fieldor ground, orthe field of the Hill, or the dwelling or town of the Hill, as very natural derivations.

If your correspondent prefers it,Arbears also the signification ofrock, and M. Bullet says:—

"Ce terme nous a été conservé dans la Vie de Saint Colomb."

Who knows, therefore, whether in building the monastery alluded to by Camden, he may not have given it the name of

The dwelling of the Rock?

The Celtic language affords many other possibilities, but an accurate knowledge of the locality is requisite in judging of their probablility.

HERMES.

The etymology ofArmagh, in Ireland, is very simple.Ard, high, great, noble, a purely Celtic root, found in many languages. Latin,Arduus, high, &c. Welsh,hardh, fair, handsome, &c.Magh, a plain, a level tract of land, a field.Ardmugh, the great plain. Others derive it fromEamhuin-magh, from the regal residence of the kings of Ulster, that stood in its vicinity; but the former is considered by those best capable of judging as the most correct. The original name wasDruim-sailech, "the hill of sallows," which was changed toArd-sailech, "the height of sallows," and then again toArdmagh. Although now speltArmagh, it was formerly more correctly writtenArdmagh, which is undoubtedly the proper way.

HIBERNICUS

Jan. 8. 1850.

Your esteemed correspondent, "J.G.N.," asks (p. 158.) for the meaning of the letters "C.K.M.R." and "T.S." appended to the passage he quotes from theCommon-place Bookof Charles, Duke of Dorset. I think I can tell him. "C.K.M.R." stands forCharles Killegrew, Master of the Revells; and "T.S." meansThomas Skipwith, one of the patentees of Drury Lane Theatre, who died in 1710. Sir Henry Herbert died in 1673; and his successor in the office was Thomas Killegrew. This person had previously been Sir Henry's deputy; and I am in possession of a curious list of MS. instructions, "the heads of what I gave to Mr. Thos. Killegrew the 29th of March, 1664," in the hand-writing of Sir Henry Herbert. Thomas Killegrew died in 1683, and was succeeded by Charles Killegrew; the degree of the relationship between the two Killegrews I do not know; and in theLondon Gazette, Dec. 7. 1685, there is a notice commanding all "rope-dancers, prize-players, strollers and other persons showing motions and other sights, to have licenses from Charles Killegrew, Esq., Master of the Revells."

Charles Killegrew was one of the managers of Drury Lane Theatre at the time of the union of the King's and Duke of York's servants; and Drydaen calls him, in the Dedication to his translation of Juvenal'sSatires, his "ingenious friend."

Upon the death of the latter, in 1725, Charles Henry Lee succeeded to the vacant office; who, dying in 1744, Solomon Dayrolle was appointed in his room. I do not know the date of the decease of the last-named gentleman; but with him, I believe, died the office of the Master of the Revells. The ancient jurisdiction of the Master of the Revells has been transferred, by 1737, by legal authority, to a "licenser of the stage," who, in conjunction with a deputy licenser, performed all the functions of the ancient office.

EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.

The Red Maids of Bristol.—The answer to the query of "MR. A. GRIFFENHOOF" (No. 12. p. 184.), why the "Red Maids" in Bristol are so called, is, because they are dressed in bright scarlet gowns. They are the incumbents of a benevolent school, founded in 1627, by one of Bristol's great benefactors, Alderman Whitson, of pious memory, for the maintenance and education of 40 girls, which number has now increased to 120. Your correspondent's curiousity respecting their name might be fully satisfied, and his interest increased, if he should happen to be in Bristol on some sunny afternoon in the later part of May, or the beginning of June, by a sight of this bright "regiment of women"—the gay colour of their gowns subdued by the quaintness of their fashion, and the clean whiteness of their aprons, collars, &c.—proceeding, in double file, towards the downs, for air and recreation. An account of their foundation may be found in Barret'sHist. of Bristol, p. 415. "Blue-Boys," so called for a similar reason, are a parallel case of much more general occurance. Yours, &c.

RUFA.

Poetical Symbolism.—In answer to the question of your correspondent, "STEPHEN BEAUCHAMP" (No. 11. p. 173.), I beg leave to mention a work, which answers in some degree to the description which he gives; namely,De Symbolica Ægyptiorum Sapientia, andPolyhistor Symbolicus, electarum Symbolarum et Parabolarum Historicurum Stromata XII. Libris complectens, by Nicolas Caussin,8vo. Col. Agr. 1631. There were other editions, I believe, in the same century. The former work treats of Egyptian symbols; the titles of the twelve books of the latter are: I. Mundus et Elementa. II. Dii Gentium. III. Hominis Bona. IV. Hominis Mala. V. Ritus Gentium. VI. Aves. VII. Quadrupedes. VIII. Pisces. IX. Serpentes et Insecta. X. Plantæ. XI. Lapilli. XII. Manufacta.

Oxford.

Fraternitye of Vagabondes.—It does not appear very clearly from the wording of the query at p. 184. of your 12th number, whether the object of your correspondent, "A. GRIFFINHOOF, JUN.," be to ascertain the fact of the reprint in question having been published by Stace, or (having ascertained that fact) to procure further information as to the publisher. I cannot find any allusion to the work in theCensura Literuria, (2nd ed. 1815), another instance of the absolute necessity for exact references, the want of which you would do well in making a ground of exclusion from your columns. However, on the chance of being useful I send you an exact copy of the rubricated title-page of the reprint, which is as follows:

"The Fraternitye of Vacabondes; As wel of ruflyng Vacabondes, as of beggerley, of Women as of Men, of Gyrles as of Boyes, With Their proper Names and Qualities. With a Description of the Crafty Company of Cousoners and Shifters. Whereunto also is adioined The XXV orders of Knaues, Otherwyse called A Quartern of Knaues. Confirmed for euer by Cocke Lorell.—¶ The Vprightman speaketh.

¶ Our Brotherhood of Vacabondes,If you would know where dwell:In grauesend Barge which syldome standes,The talke wyll shew ryght well.¶ Cocke Lorell answereth.¶ Some orders of my knaues alsoIn that Barge shall ye fynde:for no where shall ye walke I trow,But ye shall see their knynde.

¶ Our Brotherhood of Vacabondes,If you would know where dwell:In grauesend Barge which syldome standes,The talke wyll shew ryght well.

¶ Our Brotherhood of Vacabondes,

If you would know where dwell:

In grauesend Barge which syldome standes,

The talke wyll shew ryght well.

¶ Cocke Lorell answereth.

¶ Some orders of my knaues alsoIn that Barge shall ye fynde:for no where shall ye walke I trow,But ye shall see their knynde.

¶ Some orders of my knaues also

In that Barge shall ye fynde:

for no where shall ye walke I trow,

But ye shall see their knynde.

¶ Imprinted at London by John Awdely, dwellyng in little Britayne Streete without Aldersgate. 1575.Westminster: Reprinted for Machell Stace, No. 12, Little Queen-Street, and R. Triphook, St. James's Street. 1813."

¶ Imprinted at London by John Awdely, dwellyng in little Britayne Streete without Aldersgate. 1575.

Westminster: Reprinted for Machell Stace, No. 12, Little Queen-Street, and R. Triphook, St. James's Street. 1813."

Those who are curious about Mr. Stace may consult Boaden on theShakespeare Portraits, p. 141., Wivell on do., p. 189., andChaleographimania, p. 16. 32. 95.

J.F.M.

Anonymous Ravennas.—In answer to the query of "W.C.," in No. 8., p. 124., I beg to state that Gronovius published theCosmography of Ravennas, with other ancient scraps of geography, annexed to a neat edition ofPomponius Mela, printed at Leyden, in 1696. Gronovius refers theanonymousauthor to the seventh century. HisChorography of Britainforms a part of the work; but it is printed from one MS., and wretchedly obscure.

J.I.

Dick Shore.—Your correspondent, J.T. HAMMACK, is not quite correct in stating, No. 9., p. 141., that the modern maps present no trace of the locality of "Dick Shoare," mentioned in the PepysianDiary. In one of Smith's maps, now before me, of the date of 1806, I find "Duke Shore Stairs," not far from the great turn of the river southward, opposite to the Isle of Dogs. Whether the proper spelling to be Dick, Dyke, Dock, Dog, or Duke, I leave to your readers to determine; but I presume there can be no doubt as to the identity of the place. As the origin of the name of "Isle of Doggs," according to the Pepysian orthography, is said to be still underdetermined; may it not be connected with the modern term DOCKS? We are daily familiarised to worse corruptions.Docksare excavations, large or small, formed by the operation of digging, in Dutch calledDóken.

J.I.

[DICK'S SHORE,Fore Street,Limehouse, and DICK'S SHORE ALLEY,by Dick's Shore, are both mentioned inLondon and its Environs, vol. ii. p. 233.]

Travelling in England.—Mr. Steven's quotation (No. 11., p. 167.) of Bernard Calvert's rapid journey, as froman anonymous History of England written in the early part of the reign of George I., is to be found in more detail in Stow (1032.), and is transcribed in Mr. Croker'sNotes on Bassompière's Embassy, 1819.

Sanuto.—TheRagguagli sulla Vita e sulle Opere di Maria Sanuto, referred to in No. 5., p. 75., were edited by Mr. Rawdon Browne, an English gentleman long resident at Venice, and a most accomplished Italian scholar. TheDiary of Sanutocould hardly be printed, filling, as it does, some twenty or thirty thick large folio volumes.

R.M.M.

Darnley's Birth-place.—In answer to the inquiry in No. 8., p. 123., as to the birth-place of Henry Lord Darnley, I believe he was born at Temple-Newsom, near Leeds, the seat of the Lords Irvine, and now of Meynell Ingram, Esq. A noble room is there shown as the traditional scene of his birth.

R.M.M.

History of Edward II.—The compilers of theBritish Museum Catalogueattribute theHistory of Edward II.(referred to in No. 4., p. 59.) to Edward Fannant, who also published aNarration of the Memorable Parliament of 1386, which has been several times printed.

J.R.S.

Lord Chatham's Speech on the American Stamp Act.—When I read the question of your correspondent(in No. 1. p. 12.) on this subject, I saw at once its importance; for, if my Lord Brougham's statements were correct, our historians must forthwith re-write a somewhat important chapter in our history. I felt assured, however, that it was not correct; and the result of a somewhat tedious search is as I had anticipated. His lordship had made an error in a date and 1764 should be 1766. The authority, not acknowledged by his lordship, was, no doubt, theParliamentary History of1766 (vol. xvi. p. 96.), where your correspondent will find the statement, which of course, the date being correctly given, contains nothing that is not consistent with known facts.

Bone-houses.—The number of skulls at Rothewell (No. 11., p. 171.) is greatly exaggerated, nor is the tradition of their being gathered from Naseby battle-field more than a modern invention, the discovery of the bones being within the memory of living persons. Their existence there is most puzzling. The vault, which is very small, is probably coeval with the church, and seems to have been made for the very purpose to which it is applied. When this vast building was erected in the 12th century, may not this vault have been made for the bones disturbed in the old churchyard by so extensive a foundation?

Queen's Messengers.—In answer to the query of your correspondent "J.U.G.G.," in No. 12., p. 186., I beg to call his attention to the authority quoted in the passage respecting the "Knightes caligate of Armes," to which he alludes, in Mr. C. Knight'sLondon. He will find that he is referred to Legh'sAccedens of Armory, and Upton,De Studio Militari. The latter wrote in the early part of the fifteenth century. We are at present, I believe, without earlier information on such subjects.

Whilst I am writing to you, may I ask you to correct a printer's error in my query in the same number, where "trepon" appears instead of "jupon"? It may save a query as to what I could mean by the former.

J.R. PLANCHÉ.

May-day.—In reply to MELANION (No. 12. p. 187.), I would observe that in a collection ofVues des Villes de Londres, &c., published by Pierre Vander at Leyden (without date, but about the time of William III., or early in Anne's reign), there is a representation of "La Laitière de May à Londres," with an enormous head-dress of silver dishes, tankards, and cups, intermixed with flowers. There is no letter-press explanation; but it is evident that the practice of the milk-maids, in carrying their mail-pails balanced on their heads, suggested the idea of carrying this more precious burthen ingalaon May-day.

Gray's Elegy.—Your correspondent, "A. GRAYAN" (No. 10., p. 150.), in writing on theElegy in a Country Church-yard, suggests the existence of error or obscurity in the last stanza of the epitaph; and that, if the reading, as it now stand, be faulty, "some amendment" should be suggested.

At the sale of Mason's collection of Gray's books and MSS., in December, 1845, I purchased Gray's copy of Dodsley's collection (2nd edition, 1758), with corrections, names of authors, &c., in his own hand. TheElegyis the first poem in vol. iv. In the 2nd stanza, the beetle's "dronyflight" is printed and corrected in the margin into "droning." In the 25th stanza, an obvious misprint of "the upland land" is corrected into "upland lawn;" and, in the 27th stanza, "he would rove" is altered into "would he rove." These are the only emendations in theElegy. The care displayed in marking them seems to me indicate that the author had no others to insert, and that the common reading is as he finally left it.

To say that a man's merits and frailties repose in trembling hope before God, is surely not irreverent; and this is, I think, all that Gray intended to convey in the words to which your correspondent objects.

W.L.M.

[The latter emendation "would he rove," which is neither in the Aldine edition of the Rev. J. Mitford, nor in Mr. Van Voorst's beautifully illustrated Polyglot edition, should clearly be introduced, in future, as harmonising more perfectly with the "would he stretch" of the preceding stanza.]

Gray's Elegy.—To the list of German translations of Gray's Elegy should be added the version by Kosegarten, which is said by Mr. Thimm, in hisView of German Literature, to be "very spirited." The edition of Kosegarten i have now before me was printed at Greifswald, in 12 vols. in 1824, and contains numerous translations from English poets.

J.M.

Oxford, Jan. 16.

Gregori's Italian Version of "Gray's Elegy."—In answer to the query of "J.F.M.," respecting the translations of Gray'sElegy, I beg to mention that, besides those already possessed by your correspondent, and those in Torri's polyglot edition, there is one in Italian by Domenico Gregori, published in the first volume of hisScelta di Poesie di più celebri Autori Inglesi, recati in Versi Italiani, and printed at Rome in 1821, in 2 vols. small 8vo.

Oxford, Jan. 17. 1850.

Name of Shylock.—When Mr. Knight says thatScialacwas "the name of a Marionite (Maronite?) of mount Libanus," he appears to consider theterm peculiar, or nearly so, to that personage; but Upton, as long ago as 1748, in hisCritical Observations, 2nd ed. p. 299., remarked, thatScialacwas the generic name, andShylockmerely a corruption. I may also remark, that Mr. Knight dismisses Dr. Farmer's theory as worthless, without sufficient consideration. It by no means follows that 1607 is the date of thefirst editionofCaleb Shillocke, merely because Boswell saw a copy bearing that date.

J.O. HALLIWELL.

Written on the close of the Session, 1849.

"The tyme cam that resoun was to ryse."—CHAUCER.

"Corin. And how like you this shepherd's life, Master Touchstone?

"Touchstone.Truly, shepherd, in respect of itself it is a good life.... In respect it is in the Fields, it pleaseth me well."—SHAKSPEARE.

Ho! for the shady grove and silvery stream!Now that yclosed is the Fane, where IAm doomed, by no unhappy destiny,To tend those Mighty Ones who find a themeFor their lives' labour in the nation's weal.Now am I free, or book or rod in hand,Alone, or compassed by a cherub bandOf laughing children, by the brook to steal,Seeking repose in sport which WALTON loved—Sport meet alike for Youth or thoughtfulAge—Free, an I wish to go a pilgrimageWith CHAUCER, my companion long approved,Or thee, thou Greater One, who lovedst to sing,"Of books in brooks, and good in every thing."

Ho! for the shady grove and silvery stream!

Now that yclosed is the Fane, where I

Am doomed, by no unhappy destiny,

To tend those Mighty Ones who find a theme

For their lives' labour in the nation's weal.

Now am I free, or book or rod in hand,

Alone, or compassed by a cherub band

Of laughing children, by the brook to steal,

Seeking repose in sport which WALTON loved—

Sport meet alike for Youth or thoughtful

Age—

Free, an I wish to go a pilgrimage

With CHAUCER, my companion long approved,

Or thee, thou Greater One, who lovedst to sing,

"Of books in brooks, and good in every thing."

WILLIAM J. THOMS.

Balbus, in vain you urge the notionThat Ignorance begets Devotion—We can't believe it till we seeYourself a fervent devotee.

Balbus, in vain you urge the notion

That Ignorance begets Devotion—

We can't believe it till we see

Yourself a fervent devotee.

RUFUS.

By Hook or by Crook.—It is said that Strongbow, when debating with his followers on the best mode of capturing Ireland, said, that it must be taken "by Hook or by Crook." "The Hook" is the name of a well-known promontory, forming the N.E. boundary of Waterford Harbour; andCrook-havenis an equally well-known harbour, on the south coast. Could this have any thing to do with the proverb?

J.G.

Kilkenny.

Macaulay's Young Levite.—I send you an advertisement, from a local paper of 1767, which shows what stipend was offered to a curate at that period. The population of Burton Bradstich and Shepton Gorge, in 1821, was respectively 854 and 311. I do not know what it was in 1767.

The value of the rectory of Burton, with the chapelry of Shepton, was returned, in 1650, as 201l.In 1826 it was computed to be 500l.

A.D.M.

From "Cruthwell's Sherborne, Shaftesbury, and Dorchester Journal; or Yeovil, Taunton, and Bridgewater Chronicle of 10th July, 1767."

"A Curate is wanted, at Old Michaelmas next, to serve the Churches of Burton and Shipton, in Dorsetshire; Salary 36l.per annum, Easter Offerings, and Surplice Fees; together with a good House, pleasant Gardens, and a Pigeon House well stock'd. The Churches are within a mile and a half of each other, served once a Day, and alternately. The Village of Burton is sweetly situated, within half a mile of the Sea, about a mile and a half from Bridport Harbour, and is noted in the Summer for its fine Mackarel Fishery. Application to be made to the Rev. Mr. Richards, Rector."A married gentleman will be most agreeable."

"A married gentleman will be most agreeable."

Praise undeserved.—Does any one know where the oft-quoted line,

"Praise undeserved in censure in disguise,"

is to be found? A long search for it has hitherto proved ineffectual.

D.S.

[This line, which is so often quoted, with the variation—

"Praise undeserved isSatirein disguise,"

is to be found in Pope'sFirst Epistle of the Second Book of Horace; where, however, we find that neitherCensurenorSatireis the correct reading. It is moreover, both in Warton's edition and in theAldine Poets, edited by the Rev. A. Dyce, marked as a quotation, as will be seen in the following extract; so that Pope, it appears, is not the author of it. Perhaps some of our correspondents can trace the source from which he derived it:—

"Besides, a fate attends on all I write,That when i aim at praise they say I bite.A vile encomium doubly ridicules;There's nothing blackens like the ink of fools.If true, a woeful likeness; and, if lies,'Praise undeserved isScandalin disguise.'"]

"Besides, a fate attends on all I write,

That when i aim at praise they say I bite.

A vile encomium doubly ridicules;

There's nothing blackens like the ink of fools.

If true, a woeful likeness; and, if lies,

'Praise undeserved isScandalin disguise.'"]

Passage in Cowper's "Task."—In all early editions of Cowper'sTaskthe opening lines of the 4th book are punctuated as follows:—

"Hark! 'tis the twanging horn! O'er yonder bridge,(That with its wearisome but needful lengthBestrides the wintry flood, in which the moonSees her unwrinkled face reflected bright,)He comes, the herald of a noisy world," &c.

"Hark! 'tis the twanging horn! O'er yonder bridge,

(That with its wearisome but needful length

Bestrides the wintry flood, in which the moon

Sees her unwrinkled face reflected bright,)

He comes, the herald of a noisy world," &c.

In modern editions, I believe universally, we find the following corruption of the passage:—

"Hark! 'tis the twanging horn o'er yonder bridge,That with," &c.

"Hark! 'tis the twanging horn o'er yonder bridge,

That with," &c.

closing with a colon or period at "bright," andbeginning a new sentence with "He comes;" and thus making the poet use the vulgar colloquialism "'tis the horn over the bridge," instead of the remark, that the postman is coming over it.

W.P.P.

All who have placed on their shelves—and who that desires to know thoroughly the history of this country during the period which it illustrates has not done so—the last edition ofThe Diary and Correspondence of Samuel Pepys, so ably edited by Lord Braybrooke, have felt the want of a corresponding edition ofEvelyn's Diary. To meet this want, Mr. Coulburn has announced a new edition of it, "rendered as complete as possible by a careful revision," and accompanied by illustrative notes, to be completed in four monthly volumes.

Mr. Parker, of Oxford, has just issued a new edition ofThe History of the Church of England, by J.B.S. Carwithen, B.D. This work was very highly spoken of, at the time of its first appearance, for fidelity of narrative, accuracy of judgement, and soundness of principle; and its author was pronounced, by one well qualified to give an opinion, "a well-read historian, a sound divine, a charitable Christian." As the original edition, in three volumes, has long been out of print, we think Mr. Parker has shown great judgment in bringing it out, in a cheaper form, for the use of students in divinity; and we do not doubt but that he will find a ready sale for the two closely but clearly and handsomely printed volumes, in which thisHistory of the Church of Englandis now completed.

Those of our readers who take an interest in the writings of our early dramatists will be glad to learn that the Rev. Alexander Dyce has at length completed, in three volumes, his long-looked-for edition ofThe Dramatic Works of Kit Marlowe.

Such of our clerical friends as have in their churches a peal of bells which, at the will of the ringers,

"Speak the loud language of a mighty knell,"

and who must, therefore, sometimes be painfully convinced of the ill practices which occasionally grow up in the belfry, will thank us for calling their attention to thePractical Remarks on Belfries and Ringers, lately published, by the Rev. H.T. Ellacombe, in which they will find some useful hints for the correction of such abuses.

We have received the following Catalogues:—

D. Nutt (270. Strand), Select Catalogue of Classical and Philological Works.

Williams and Norgate (14. Henrietta Street, Covent Garden), Verzeichniss der Bücher, Landkarten etc welche vom Juli bis zum December neu erschienen oder neu aufgelegt worden sind. (Catalogue of Books, Maps, &c. published in German between July and December 1849.)

ARCHÆOLOGIA. Vol. III. (A liberal price will be given for sheet C, pp. 9-16.)

TODD'S JOHNSON'S DICTIONARY. 4to. 1819-20. Last Part, SU to Z, with the Titles, preface, &c.

BARBAULD'S BRITISH NOVELIST. ZELUCO, Vol. II.; and FEMALE QUIXOTE, Vol. II.

TATLER (LINTOT'S Edition.) London, 1743. All the Volumes after the Second.

Spectator. (Whittaker's Edition.) London, 1827. With Portraits. Vol. II.

Letters, stating particulars and lowest price,carriage free, to be sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.

FOLK LORE.We have received several letters, begging us to open our columns to the reception of articles and notes on our fast-fadingFOLK LORE,and reminding us what good serviceThe Athenæumdid when it consented to receive communications of that interesting subject. We acknowledge with gratitude—for the point is one very interesting to us—the readiness with whichThe Athenæumlistened to the suggestions of a Correspondent, and what benefits resulted to that interesting branch of Archæological study, when that influential journal consented to devote a portion of its valuable space to the reception of such notices. We at once, therefore, accede to the suggestions of our Correspondent; and, following the example of our widely circulated contemporary, take this opportunity of assuring our now numerous readers that any contributions illustrative ofThe Folk Lore of England,the Manners, Customs, Observances, Superstitions, Ballads, Proverbs, &c. of the Olden Time, will always find welcome admission to our pages. We think, too, we may venture to promise that such communications shall be illustrated, when they admit of it, from the writings of the continental antiquaries.

J.D.A.is informed that we purpose so arranging"NOTES AND QUERIES"as to form two volumes in the course of the year; each volume to be accompanied by aVERY COPIOUS INDEX.

EMDEEwill see that we have at once so far availed ourselves of his suggestion as to makeREPLIESa distinct department of our paper. The other change he suggests requires consideration; which it shall certainly have.

We are unavoidably compelled to postpone until our next Number, Mr. Hickson's further communication onMarlowe and the Old Taming of a Shrew.

T.S.N.will find much curious information on the subject of his inquiry in some of the later volumes ofThe Gentleman's Magazine;and we will take an early opportunity of furnishing him with information upon the point.

We are compelled, by want of space, to omit our usual acknowledgment ofCOMMUNICATIONS RECEIVED.

We are again compelled to omit many Notes, Queries, and Answers to Queries which are in type, as well as Answers to Correspondents.

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