PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE.

"This b'ing professed we hopeenough,And now go on where we left off.'Part i. canto 2. 44.

"This b'ing professed we hopeenough,

And now go on where we left off.'

Part i. canto 2. 44.

Again, line 1153. of the same canto:

"For though the body may creep through,The hands in grate areenough;"

"For though the body may creep through,

The hands in grate areenough;"

an apparent exception, but not really such. (See also canto 3. 117. 285., where it rhymes with "off," as also line 809. At line 739. it writtenenow, and rhymes with "blow.")

And again, 873:

"My loss of honour's greatenough,Thou needst not brand it with a scoff."

"My loss of honour's greatenough,

Thou needst not brand it with a scoff."

Other examples may be quoted from the same author.

In a song, written upon the Restoration of Charles II., we have the following:

"Were not contented, but grew rough,As though they had not wonenough."Loyal Arms, vol. i. p. 244.

"Were not contented, but grew rough,

As though they had not wonenough."

Loyal Arms, vol. i. p. 244.

In theLamentable Tragedy of Cambises, written early in the reign of Elizabeth, the word occurs:

"Gogs sides, knaves, seeing to fight ye be so rough,Defend yourselves, for I will give ye botheinough."

"Gogs sides, knaves, seeing to fight ye be so rough,

Defend yourselves, for I will give ye botheinough."

InLusty Juventus, a Morality, temp. Edward VI., is the following:

"Call them Papistes, hipocrites, and joyning of the plough;Face out the matter, and then goodynough."

"Call them Papistes, hipocrites, and joyning of the plough;

Face out the matter, and then goodynough."

Here certainly the distinction disappears, as in the next and last example fromCandlemas Day, "Ao. Do. 1512," where Joseph is speaking:

"Take hym in your armys, Mary, I you pray,And of your swete mylke let him sowkeinowe,Mawger Herowd and his grett fray:And as your spouse, Mary, I shall go with you."

"Take hym in your armys, Mary, I you pray,

And of your swete mylke let him sowkeinowe,

Mawger Herowd and his grett fray:

And as your spouse, Mary, I shall go with you."

It would seem therefore, that this word has had its present pronunciation about three centuries.Its derivation is directly from the Saxongenoh, but the root is found in many other languages, as the German, Dutch, Danish, &c.

B. H. C.

Mr. Wrightsupposes there has been a change in the pronunciation of this word, and inquires when it took place. Now, if my conjecture be correct, there may have been no change, and these are two words,—not one pronounced differently. Both the instances quoted by him are in conformity with my opinion, viz. that where the sense is "a sufficientquantity," either in substance, quality, or action, we should make use ofenough; yet where a sufficientnumberis intended, we should pronounce and writeenow. I recollect (being a native of Suffolk) that I was laughed at by the boys of a school in a western county, nearly seventy years ago: but I was not then laughed out of my word, nor am I likely now to be argued out of it.

P.S.—I see that Johnson'sDictionarygives the same statement aboutenoughandenow. This answer is therefore superfluous. Johnson gives numerous instances of the use ofenowfrom our best authors.

H. C. R.

Mr. Wilkinson's Mode of levelling Cameras.—As you have done me the honour to notice my simple invention for levelling cameras, which I have since had an opportunity of trying in the open air for a week, and find to succeed perfectly, I wish to correct some errors which appeared in thePhotographic Journal, from which you copied my remarks, and which arose from the notes being taken down from my verbal observations. The first part is perfectly correct but after l. 9. col. 2. "N. & Q." (Vol. vii., p. 462.) it should read thus:

"The other perpendicular is then sought for; the back or front of the camera being raised or lowered until the thread cuts the perpendicular lines drawn upon the sides of the camera. By this means a perfectly horizontal plane is obtained, as true as with the best spirit-levels, and in less time. By tying three knots in the silk at twelve inches distance from the one bullet and from each other, we have a measure for stereoscopic pictures; and by making the thread thirty-nine inches and two-tenths long from one bullet to the centre of the other, we obtain a pendulum vibrating seconds, which is useful in talking portraits; as it will continue vibrating for ten minutes, if one bullet be merely hung over any point of suspension."

Thus we obtain a levelling instrument, a chronometer, and a measure of distances, at a cost considerably under one penny.

The above will more fully explain to your correspondentΦ. (Vol. vii., p. 505.) my reasons for the length of thread stated; and with respect to the diagonal lines on the ground glass, it is not material what may be the distance of the principal object, whether six feet or six hundred: for if the cross lines, or any other lines drawn on the glass, cut the central object in the picture at any particular part—for example, the window of any particular house, or the branch of any tree,—then the camera may be removed to higher or lower ground, several feet or inches, to the right or to the left, and the same lines be made to cut the same objects, previously noted; the elevation will then be the same, which completes all that is required.

In most stereoscopic pictures, the distances are too wide. For a portrait, two inches and half to three inches, at nine or twelve feet distant, is enough; and for landscapes much less is required than is generally given, for no very great accuracy is necessary. Three feet, at three hundred yards, is quite enough; and four to six feet, at a mile, will do very well. Let experiment determine: for every photographer must learn his profession or amusement; there is no royal road to be depended on. But a small aperture, a quarter of an inch diameter, may be considered a good practical size for a lens of three and a quarter inches, depending on light and time: the smaller the aperture, the longer the time; and no rules can be given by any one who does not know the size and quality of the lenses employed. Every one can make a few trials for himself, and find it out; which will be more satisfactory than any instructions derived from books or correspondence. I obtain all the information I can from every source, then try, and judge for myself. At worst, you only spoil a few sheets of paper, and gain experience.

I perfectly agree withDr. Diamond, that it is much better not to wash the collodion pictures after developing; but pour on about one drachm of sat. sol. hypo. at once, and then, when clear, plenty of water; and let water rest on the surface for an hour or more, before setting on edge to dry.

Henry Wilkinson.

Collodion Negative.—Can you inform me how a collodion negative may be made? that is, how you can ensure the negative being always of adense enough character to print from. This is rarely the case.

F. M.

Developing Collodion Process.—I use to develope my collodion pictures M. Martin's plan,i. e.a solution of common copperas made a little acid with sulphuric acid. This answers very well and gives to the pictures, after they have been exposed an hour or two to the atmosphere, a silver-like appearance: but this copperas solution seems to destroy theglassfor usinga second time, inasmuch as a haziness is cast upon the glass, and its former enamel seems lost, not to be regained even by using acids. The hyposulphite also seems to be affected by this manner of developing thepictures after a short time, which is not the case with pyrogallic acid. The hypo., when thus affected with the copperas, appears also to throw a mist over the picture, which new hypo. doesnot. I should esteem it a favour if any of your numerous readers could inform me the cause of this.

A. A. P.

An iodizing Difficulty.—May I request the favour, from some one of your numerous photographic correspondents, of a solution to the following apparent enigma, through the medium of "N. & Q."?

Being located in a neighbourhood where there is a scarcity of water in the summer months, I lately took advantage of a pool in a running stream, which ran at the bottom of the grounds of a friend, to soak my calotype papers in, subsequent to having brushed them over with the solution of iodide of silver, according to the process recommended bySir W. Newton. One-half of the batch was removed in about two hours and a half, being beautifully clean, and of a nice light primrose colour; and in consequence of an unexpected call and detention longer than I had anticipated, the other half was left floating from two o'clockp.m.until seven or eight in the evening (nearly six hours), when, much to my chagrin, I found on their removal that they had all, more or less, become browned, or, rather, had taken on a dirty, deep, nankeen colour, those that had been first floated being decidedly the worst. I had previously thought that the papersmustbe leftat leasttwo and a half to three hours, a longer period having no other effect than that of softening the papers, or, at most, of allowing some slight portion of the iodide to fall off from their surface, whereas, from the above-described discoloration, an evident decomposition must have commenced, which I am quite at a loss to account for; neither can I conjecture what the chemical change can have been. I have several times before prepared good papers in trays filled with water from the same stream, but from the quantity running in the brook in the spring months, I never before have had the chance of floating them in the stream itself.

An explanation of the above difficulty from some obliging and better-informed photographist would be very thankfully received by

Henry H. Hele.

Ashburton, Devon.

P.S.—The pool of water was well shaded, consequently not a ray of bright sunlight could possibly impinge on the papers while floating.

I have always understood thatpureiodide of silver was quite insensible to the action of light, or to any other chemical change, as far as the action of atmospheric air was concerned.

Bishop Frampton(Vol. iii., p 261.).—For some account of this excellent man, see chapter xxxi. of Mr. Anderdon'sLife of Bishop Ken, where are given some very interesting letters, that are printed from the MSS. in the possession of Dr. Williams, Warden of New College, Oxford. Frampton appears to have been at one time chaplain to the British Factory at Aleppo. Mandeville, in the Dedication prefixed to hisJourney from Aleppo to Jerusalem, makes honourable mention of him, and attributes the highly creditable character of the society to the influence of that incomparable instructor. When the funeral procession of Christian, Countess of Devonshire, halted at Leicester, on the way to Derby, a sermon was preached on the occasion by Frampton, who was then chaplain to the Earl of Elgin, the Countess's near relative. In sending these scraps, allow me to express the hope thatMr. Evanshas not laid aside his intention of favouring us with a Life of Frampton.

E. H. A.

[We cordially join in the wish expressed by our correspondent, that the Vicar of Shoreditch will before long favour us with the publication of the manuscript life of this amiable prelate, written, we believe, by his chaplain. It appears to us doubtful whether the bishop ever published any of his sermons, from what he states in a letter given in the Appendix toThe Life of John Kettlewell. "I have often," he says, "been in the pulpit, in season and out of season, and also bold and honest enough there, God be praised; but never in theprinting-houseyet; and believe I never shall be." The longest printed account of this deprived bishop is given in Rudder'sHistory and Antiquities of Gloucester; and no doubt many particulars respecting him and other Nonjurors may be found in the Rawlinson MSS. in the Bodleian Library.]

Parochial Libraries(Vol. vi., p. 432; Vol. vii.passim).—At Dunblane the collection of books bequeathed by the amiable Leighton is still preserved. At All Saints, Newcastle-on-Tyne, I once saw, among some old books in the vestry, a small quarto volume of tracts, including Archbishop Laud's speech in the Star Chamber, at the censure of Bastwick, Burton, and Prynne. It had been presented by the Rev. E. Moise, M. A., many years lecturer of that church.

The old library at St. Nicholas, Newcastle-on-Tyne, contains many curious books and MSS., particularly the old Bible belonging to Hexham Abbey. This library was greatly augmented by the munificent bequest of the Rev. Dr. Thomlinson, rector of Whickham, prebendary of St. Paul's, and lecturer of St. Nicholas, who died at an advanced age, in 1748, leaving all his books to this church. In 1825 Archdeacon Bowyer presented a series of lending libraries—ninety-three in all—to the several parishes in the county of Northumberland.They are in the custody of the incumbent for the time being. Lastly, there is a very valuable library at Bamburgh Castle, the bequest of Dr. Sharp: the books are allowed to circulate gratuitously amongst the clergy and respectable inhabitants of the adjoining neighbourhood.

E. H. A.

The Honourable Mrs. Dudleya North died in 1712. Her choice collection of books in oriental learning were "by her only surviving brother, the then Lord North and Grey, given to the parochial library at Rougham, in Norfolk, founded by the Hon. Roger North, Esq., for the use of the minister of that parish, and, under certain regulations and restrictions, of the neighbouring clergy also, for ever. Amongst these there is, in particular, one very neat pocket Hebrew Bible in 12mo., without points, with silver clasps to it, and bound in blue Turkey leather, in a case of the same materials, which she constantly carried to church with her.... In the first leaf of all the books that had been hers, when they were deposited in that library," was a Latin inscription, setting forth the names of the late owner, and of the donor of these books. (Ballard'sMemoirs of British Ladies. 8vo. 1775, p. 286.)

Anon.

Pierrepont(Vol. vii., p. 65.).—John Pierrepont, of Wadworth, near Doncaster, who died 1st July, 1653, is described on a brass plate to his memory, in the church at Wadworth, as "generosus." He was owner of the rectory and other property there. It appears from the register that he married, 18th April, 1609, Margaret, daughter and coheir of Michael Cocksonn, Gent., of Wadworth and Crookhill, and by her (who was buried 22nd July, 1620) he had

Mary(ultimately only daughter and heir), baptized at Wadworth, 27th July, 1612; married John Battie, of Wadworth, Gent., and had issue,

Francis Battie, of Wadworth, Gent., who died without issue, 1682; having married Martha, daughter of Michael Fawkes, Esq., of Farnley.Elizabeth, wife of John Cogan, of Hull.Margaret, wife of William Stephens, Rector of Sutton, Bedfordshire.

Francis Battie, of Wadworth, Gent., who died without issue, 1682; having married Martha, daughter of Michael Fawkes, Esq., of Farnley.

Elizabeth, wife of John Cogan, of Hull.

Margaret, wife of William Stephens, Rector of Sutton, Bedfordshire.

Frances, bap. 1st July, and bur. Aug. 12, 1616.

John, bap. 19th Aug., 1617; bur. Feb. 10, 1629-30.

George, bur. 26th Jan., 1631-2.

The arms on the memorial to John Pierrepont are—A lion rampant within eight roses in orle.

N.B.—By thesecondwife of the above John Battie there was issue, now represented by William Battie Wrightson, Esq., M.P. of Cusworth.

C. J.

Passage in Orosius(Vol. vii., pp. 399. 536.).—I cannot exactly subscribe to the three propositions ofMr. E. Thomson, which he deduces from his observations on "twam tyncenum" in Alfred'sOrosius. In the first place, the sentence in which the wordtyncenumoccurs is perfectly gratuitous on the part of Alfred, or whoever paraphrased Orosius in Anglo-Saxon. No such assertion appears in Orosius, so that we have no means of comparing it with the original.

The occurrence, as recounted by both Orosius and Herodotus, is attributed to ahorse(a sacred horse, Herod.), not to ahorseman,knight, orthane. What is meant by the Anglo-Saxon text is, certainly, anything but clear, as it stands in Barrington's edition; and he himself confesses this, and does not admit it into his English translation.

Dr. Bosworth seems to have wisely omitted the word in the second edition of his dictionary; and Thorpe confesses he can make nothing of it, in hisAnalecta. We find no such word in Cædmon, Beowulf, or theSaxon Chronicle; and the only reference made by Dr. Bosworth, in his first edition, is to this very place in Alfred'sOrosius, in which he seems to have followed Lye.

May it not have been an error in the earlier transcribers of the MS., and the real word have beentwentigum,i. e.he ordered his thane to pass over the riverwith twenty men, since the thane, by himself, could have been but of little use on the other side the river? However this may be, the fact is not historical at all, and therefore, as respects history, is of little consequence.

John Orman, M.A.

Cambridge.

Pugna Porcorum(Vol. vii., p. 528.).—The author of this poem, as is generally believed (though its production has also been assigned to Gilbertus Cognatus or Cousin), was Joannes Leo Placentius, or Placentinus, of whom the following account is given in theBiographie Universelle:

"Jean-Leo Placentius ou Le Plaisant, n'est connu que comme l'auteur d'un petit poèmetautogramme, genre de composition qui ne peut offrir que le frivole mérite de la difficulté vaincue. Né à Saint Trond, au pays de Liège, il fit ses études à Bois-le-Duc, dans l'école des Hiéronomytes; embrassa la vie religieuse, au commencement du seizième siècle, dans l'ordre des Dominicains, et fut envoyé à Louvain pour y faire son cours de théologie. Les autres circonstances de sa vie sont ignorées; et ce n'est que par conjecture qu'on place sa mort à l'année 1548. On peut consulter sur cet écrivain, laBibl. Belgicade Foppens, et lesScriptores ordin. Prædicator.des PP. Quétif et Echard."

Ἀλιέυς.

Dublin.

This production appears to have been merely designed as a display of the writer's skill. Dr. Brown notices it in hisPhilosophy of the Mind, lect. 36; and Ebert: "Porcius,Pugna Porcorum, per P. Porcium, Poetam (J. Leonem), withoutplace, 1530, 8vo., 8 leaves. Printed in Italics, and probably at Cologne or in Holland." He enumerates several other editions, the last of which is that of Walch, 1786.

B. H. C.

Oaken Tombs and Effigies(Vol. vii., p. 528.).—These are rare. Three of the latter exist at Little Horkesley, Essex. Two are figures of cross-legged knights in chain armour and surcoats: one is a female figure wimpled. They are supposed by Suckling to represent members of the Horkesley family, who held that manor from 1210 to 1322.

Another instance is the effigy of a cross-legged knight in chain mail at Danbury in the same county. An account of these will be found in vol. iii. of Weale'sArchitectural Papers.

At Ashwell, Rutland, is an effigy in wood of a cross-legged knight, also in chain mail, if I remember rightly. It is not quite evident, from the description in Weale's book, whether there are three effigies at Danbury or only one. Of the same material is the figure of Isabella of Angoulême at Fontevrault. A catalogue of these wooden effigies would be interesting.

Cheverells.

Bowyer Bible(Vol. vii.,passim).—Relative to the history and various possessors of this curious Bible, I find the following notice inThe Times, Oct. 14, 1840:

"There is at present, in the possession of Mrs. Parker of Golden Square, a copy of Macklin's Bible in forty-five large volumes, illustrated with nearly 7000 engravings from the age of Michael Angelo to that of Reynolds and West. The work also contains about 200 original drawings or vignettes by Loutherbourg."The prints and etchings include the works of Raffaelle, Marc Antonio, Albert Durer, Callot, Rembrandt, and other masters, consisting of representations of nearly every fact, circumstance, and object mentioned in the Holy Scriptures. There are, moreover, designs of trees, plants, flowers, quadrupeds, birds, fishes, and insects; such as, besides fossils, have been adduced in proof of the universal Deluge. The most authentic Scripture atlasses are bound up with the volumes. The Bible was the property of the late Mr. Bowyer the publisher, who collected and arranged the engravings, etchings, and drawings at great expense and labour; and he is said to have been engaged for upwards of thirty years in rendering it perfect. It was insured at the Albion Insurance Office for 3000l."

"The prints and etchings include the works of Raffaelle, Marc Antonio, Albert Durer, Callot, Rembrandt, and other masters, consisting of representations of nearly every fact, circumstance, and object mentioned in the Holy Scriptures. There are, moreover, designs of trees, plants, flowers, quadrupeds, birds, fishes, and insects; such as, besides fossils, have been adduced in proof of the universal Deluge. The most authentic Scripture atlasses are bound up with the volumes. The Bible was the property of the late Mr. Bowyer the publisher, who collected and arranged the engravings, etchings, and drawings at great expense and labour; and he is said to have been engaged for upwards of thirty years in rendering it perfect. It was insured at the Albion Insurance Office for 3000l."

In the British Museum are several large works, particularly British topography, illustrated in a similar manner, and which thus contain materials of the rarest and most valuable description. Of these I would only at present mention Salmon'sHertfordshireillustrated by Baskerville, and Lysons'sEnvirons, in the King's Library. A long list of such valuable works might be furnished from the Museum catalogues.

One of the most laborious collectors of curious prints of every kind was John Bagford, whose voluminous collections are amongst the Harleian MSS. in many folio volumes, in which will be found illustrations of topography to be met with nowhere else.

E. G. Ballard.

Longevity(Vol. vii., pp. 358. 504.).—Our friend A. J. is certainly not one of the "remnant of true believers." By way of aiding in the crusade to convert him to the faith, I hereunder quote a couple of instances, "within the age of registers," which I trust will in some degree satisfy his pagan incredulity. The parish registers of the township of Church Minshull, in Cheshire, begin in 1561, and in the portion for the year 1649 appears the following:

"Thomas Damme, of Leighton, buried the 26th of February, being of the age of seven score and fourteen."

This entry was made under the "Puritan dispensation," when the parish scribe was at any rate supposed to be an "oracle of truth." Here, however, is another instance, culled from the Register of Burials for the parish of Frodsham, also in Cheshire:

"1512/3. Feb. 12. Thomas Hough, cujus ætascxli."

And again, on the very next day after—

"—— Feb. 13. Randle Wall, ætas 104."

I have met with other instances, but those now enumerated will probably suffice for my present purpose.

T. Hughes.

Chester.

John Locke, baptized 17th December, 1716, in the parish of Coney Weston, was buried in Larling parish, county of Norfolk, 21st July, 1823. He is registered as 110 years of age. He and his family always said that he was three years old when he was baptized. I saw and conversed with him in Jan. 1823.

F. W. J.

Lady Anne Gray(Vol. vii., p. 501.).—Referring to Sir John Harington's poem, I do not find that the Christian name of the Lady Gray is set down at all; the words of the stanza are,—

"First doth she give toGrey,The falcon's curtesse kind."

"First doth she give toGrey,

The falcon's curtesse kind."

I find in the pedigrees, British Museum, a "Lady Anne Grey" (daughter to John Lord Grey of Pirgo, brother to Henry Grey, Duke of Suffolk)marriedto "Henry Denny of Waltham," father to the Earl of Norwich of that name. She was his first wife, and dying without issue, he married again "Lady Honora Grey, daughter of Lord Grey de Wilton;" but I scarce think this Lady Anne Grey could have been the maid of honour to the princess. The number of Greys of different stocks and branches at that period, are beyond counting or distinguishing from each other, and yet the fall of a queen's maid of honour should beeasily traceable. Isabella Markham, one of the six ladies, married Sir John Harington himself.

On referring to Lodge'sIllustrations, I find the Lord John Grey one of those noblemen appointed to attend Queen Elizabeth on herentréefrom Hatfield to London on her accession, so that his daughter may well have been one of her maids of honour; yet from comparison of dates I think she can scarce have been the wife of Henry Denny.

A. B. R.

Belmont.

Sir John Fleming(Vol. vii., p. 356.).—IfCaretcan obtain access to the pedigree of the Flemings of Rydal Hall, Westmoreland, I anticipate he will find that this Sir John was the third son of Sir Michael le Fleming, who came over at the instance of Baldwin, Earl of Flanders, to assist King William in his conquest of England. I may add that the Rydal family, honoured with a baronetcy, Oct. 4, 1704, bear for their arms—"Gules, a fret argent."

T. Hughes.

Chester.

Life(Vol. vii., p. 429.).—Campbell, in his lines entitledA Dream, writes:

"Hast thou felt, poor self-deceiver!Life's career so void of pain,As to wish its fitful feverNew begun again?"

"Hast thou felt, poor self-deceiver!

Life's career so void of pain,

As to wish its fitful fever

New begun again?"

Though everybody knows the line—

"After life's fitful fever he sleeps well"—

I think Campbell might have acknowledged his adoption of the words by marking them, and might have improved his own lines (with all deference be it said) if he had written—

"Hast thou felt, poor self-deceiver!Thycareer so void of pain,As to wish 'life's fitful fever'New begun again?"

"Hast thou felt, poor self-deceiver!

Thycareer so void of pain,

As to wish 'life's fitful fever'

New begun again?"

F. James.

"I would not live my days over again if I could command them by a wish, for the snares of life are greater than the fears of death." (Penn's father, the Admiral.)

Penn himself said, that if he had to live his life over again, he could serve God, his neighbour, and himself better than he had done. Considering the history of the father and son's respective lives (and of those I before alluded to), though the latter's remarks may appear presumptuous, which showed the mostwisdomis an open question. Does not H. C. K.'s professional experience enable him to give a more certain opinion of ordinary men's feelings than is expressed in "I fear not?"

A. C.

Family of Kelway(Vol. vii., p. 529.).—In reply to the Query as to this family in "N. & Q." of May 28, I beg to mention that in MS. F. 9. in the Heraldic MSS. in Queen's College library, Oxford, is a pedigree of the family of Kelway of Shereborne, co. Dorset, and White Parish, Wilts.

The arms are beautifully tricked. There is a bordure engrailed to the Kelway coat. With it are these quarterings: 2, a leopard's face g. entre five birds close s., three in chief, two in base. 3, az. a camel statant arg. Crest, on a wreath arg. and g. a cock arg. crested, beaked, wattled, az.

D. P.

Sir G. Browne, Bart.(Vol. vii., p. 528.).—The particulars given byNewbury, while introducing his Query, are extremely vague and inaccurate. In the first place, the individual he stylesSirGeorge Browne,Bart., was in reality simple George Browne,Esq., of Caversham, Oxon, and Wickham, Kent. This gentleman, who would have been a valuable acquisition to any nascent colony, married Elizabeth (notEleanor), second daughter of Sir Richard Blount, of Maple Durham, and had by her nineteen children, pretty evenly divided as to sex: for I read that of the daughters, three at least died young; other three became nuns and one married —— Yates, Esq., a Berkshire gentleman. Of the sons, three, asNewburyrelates, fell gloriously fighting for Charles, their sovereign. Neither of these latter were married: indeed, the only sons who ventured at all into the bonds of wedlock were George, the heir, and John, a younger brother. George married Mary Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Francis Englefield, Knt., a Popish recusant, and left two daughters, his co-heiresses. John, his brother, created a baronet May 19th, 1665, married Mrs. Bradley, a widow, and had issue three sons and three daughters. The sons, Anthony, John, and George, inherited the baronetcy in succession, the two former dying bachelors: the third son, Sir George, married his sister-in-law, Gertrude Morley, and left three sons, the first of whom, Sir John, succeeded his father; and with him the baronetcy became dormant, if not indeed extinct.

T. Hughes.

Chester.

Americanisms, so called(Vol. vi., p. 554.; Vol. vii., p. 51.).—Thurley Bottom, near Great Marlow, dear to "the Fancy," may be added to the list of J. S.'s.

F. James.

Sir Gilbert Gerard(Vol. v., pp. 511. 571.; Vol. vi., p. 441.).—Sir Gilbert Gerard, Master of the Rolls temp. Queen Elizabeth, died on the 4th of February, and was interred on the 6th of March, 1592 (Old Style), in Ashley Church, in Staffordshire. The style most probably led Dugdale into the error noticed by your learned correspondentMr. Foss, in his last communication to "N. & Q.," relative to the probate of Sir Gilbert Gerard's will. I beg to forward you an extract taken from the Parish Register of Ashley, which,it will be seen, not only records the burial, but likewise, rather unusually, the precise day of his death, a little more than a month intervening between the two events, which possibly might be accounted for. On a careful examination of Sir Gilbert's tomb, I did not find (which agrees with Dugdale) any epitaph thereon,—a somewhat remarkable circumstance, inasmuch as Sir Thomas Gerard (Sir Gilbert Gerard's eldest son and heir, who was created Baron Gerard, of Gerard's Bromley, where his father had built a splendid mansion, a view of which is in Plot'sHistory of Staffordshire, page 103., not a vestige of which beyond the gateway is now standing) is said by the Staffordshire historians to have erected a monument to the memory of his father at great expense; a drawing of which is given by Garner in hisNatural History of Staffordshire, p. 120., with a copious description of the tomb.

Extract. Annus 1592."4 Die Februarii mortuus est Gilbert Gerard, Miles, et Custos Rotulorium Serenissimæ Reginæ Elizabethæ; et sepultus 6 die Martii sequentis."

Extract. Annus 1592.

"4 Die Februarii mortuus est Gilbert Gerard, Miles, et Custos Rotulorium Serenissimæ Reginæ Elizabethæ; et sepultus 6 die Martii sequentis."

T. W. Jones.

Nantwich.

Tombstone in Churchyard.—Arms: Battle-axe(Vol. vii., pp. 331. 390. 407. 560.).—It appears that I may conclude that 1600 is the oldestlegibledate on a tombstone inscription. That of 1601 is cut in relief round the edge of a long free-stone slab, raised on a course of two or three bricks, and is in Henllan, near Denbigh.

The battle-axes (three in fesse) are on the wall over it. I am obliged to J. D. S.; but in both my cases the arms appear as connected with Welsh families; but it is the above that I want to identify.

A. C.

A correspondent asks for instances of dates on tombstones earlier than 1601. I know of one, at Moore Church in the county of Meath, within five miles of Drogheda. It is as early as 1597; the letters, instead of being sunk, are in relief. I subjoin a copy of the inscription:

"here vnder lieth thebody of dame ienetsarsfeld, lady dowagerof donsany, who died thexxii of febrvary, an. dni.1597."

"here vnder lieth the

body of dame ienet

sarsfeld, lady dowager

of donsany, who died the

xxii of febrvary, an. dni.

1597."

M. E.

Dublin.

Thomas Gage(Vol. vi., p. 291.).—Thomas Gage (formerly a Dominican friar, and author of theEnglish American, 1648—as I saw the work entitled—subsequently a Puritan preacher), is, I imagine, identical with Thomas Gage, minister of the Gospel at Deal in Kent, whom your correspondent A. B. R. inquires about, p. 291. If so, he became chaplain to Lord Fairfax, and, according to Macaulay, was not unlikely to have married some dependent connexion of that family.

E. C. G.

Marriage in High Life(Vol. vi., p. 359.).—I have often heard a similar story, from an old relation of mine with whom I lived when a girl; and she had heard it from her father,—which would carry the time of its occurrence back to the date 1740, named by your correspondent. My informant's father knew the parties, and I have repeatedly heard the name of the bridegroom; but whether Wilbraham or Swetenham, I do not now remember. Both Wilbrahams and Swetenhams are old Cheshire families, and have intermarried. I am almost certain a Wilbraham was the hero of the story. I have had the house pointed out to me where he lived, and it was not above a couple of hours' drive from Chester, whither we were going in the old-fashioned way of carriage-conveyance. I am sure he was not a peer, though, if a Wilbraham, he might be related to the late (first) Lord Skelmersdale.

There is one other little circumstance, which the reference to those former times has reminded me of,—the pronunciation of the wordobliged(as in the Prologue to theSatires, where Pope says:

"By flatterers besieged,And so obliging that he ne'er obliged),

"By flatterers besieged,

And so obliging that he ne'er obliged),

which the old lady that I have referred to, maintained was the proper pronunciation forobleege, to confer a favour; whereas the harsher sound, tooblige, was discriminatively reserved for the equivalent, to compel. She was a well-educated woman, and had associated with the good society of London in her youth; and she always complained of the want of taste and judgment shown by the younger generation, in pronouncing the same word, with two distinct meanings, alike in both cases.

E. C. G.

Eulenspiegel(Vol. vii., p. 557.).—The German verses underMr. Campkin'sportrait of Eulenspiegel, rendered into English prose, mean:

"Look here at Eulenspiegel: his portrait makes thee laugh.What wouldst thou do, if thou couldst see the jester himself?But Till is a picture and mirror of this world.He left many a brother behind. We are great foolsIn thinking that we are the greatest sages:Therefore laugh at thyself, as this sheet represents thyself."

"Look here at Eulenspiegel: his portrait makes thee laugh.

What wouldst thou do, if thou couldst see the jester himself?

But Till is a picture and mirror of this world.

He left many a brother behind. We are great fools

In thinking that we are the greatest sages:

Therefore laugh at thyself, as this sheet represents thyself."

From the orthography, I do not think that the lines are much anterior to the beginning of the eighteenth century. The names of the artist will be the safest guides for discovering the date of the print.

α.

"Wanderings of Memory" (Vol. vii., p. 527.).—The author ofWanderings of Memory, published by subscription at Lincoln in 1815, 12mo. pp. 151., was a young man "in his apprenticeship," of the name of A. G. Jewitt. He dedicates the book to his father, Mr. Arthur Jewitt, Kimberworth School, Yorkshire. Nearly the whole of the embellishments were engraved by a younger brother of the author, "who at the time had not attained his sixteenth year, and who had not the opportunity of profiting by any regular instructions."

There are some good lines in the poem, but not enough to rescue it from that fate which poetical mediocrity is irreversibly doomed to.

Jas. Crossley.

The reputation which Mr. Finlay has acquired by hisHistory of Greece, and hisGreece under the Romans, will unquestionably be increased by his newly publishedHistory of the Byzantine Empire fromdccxvi.tomlvii.The subject is one of great interest to the scholar; and the manner in which Mr. Finlay has traced the progress of the eastern Roman empire through an eventful period of three centuries and a half, and while doing so enriched his pages with constant reference to the original historians, has certainly enabled him to accomplish the object which he has avowedly had in view, namely, that of making his work serve not only as a popular history, but also as an index for scholars who may be more familiar with classic literature than with the Byzantine writers.

We understand that Her Majesty and Prince Albert, with that appreciation of the beautiful and the useful for which they are distinguished, have shown their opinion of the value of photography by becoming the Patrons of thePhotographic Society.

TheCamden Societyis about to put to press a work which will be of great value to our topographical writers, as well as to historians generally, namely,The Extent of the Estates of the Hospitalers in England, taken under the direction of Prior Philip de Thame,a.d.1338. The original MS. is at Malta; and though the transcript of it was made by a most competent hand, we have reason to believe that our correspondent at La Valetta (W. W.) would be doing good service both to the Society and to the world of letters, and one which would be most acceptable to the Transcriber, if he could find it convenient to revise the proof sheets with the original document.

Books Received.—Cyclopædia Bibliographica, a Library Manual of Theological and General Literature.Part IX. of this useful Library Companion extends fromGöthetoMatthew Henry.—Reynard the Fox, after the German Version of Göthe, with Illustrations, by J. Wolf.Part VI. Contains Chap. VI. The Relapse.—Messrs. Longman have added to theirTraveller's Library(in two parts) an interesting and cleverly written account of ourCoal Mines, and those who live in them, which gives a graphic picture of the places and persons to whom we are all for so many months indebted for our greatest comfort.—Mr. Bohn continues his good work of supplying excellent books at moderate prices. We are this month indebted to him for publishing in hisScientific Librarythe third volume of Miss Ross' excellent translation of Humboldt'sPersonal Narrative of his Travels to the Equinoctial Regions of America, which is enriched with a very copious index. In hisClassical Libraryhe has given usTranslations of Terence and Phædrus; and in hisAntiquarian Library, the second volume of what, in spite of the laches pointed out by one of our correspondents, we must pronounce a most useful work for the mere English reader, the second volume of Mr. Riley's translation ofRoger de Hoveden's Annals of English History, which completes the work. Probably, however, the volume which Mr. Bohn has just published in hisStandard Libraryis the one which will excite most interest. It is issued as a continuation of Coxe'sHistory of the House of Austria, and consists (for the most part) of a translation of Count Hartig'sGenesis of the Revolution in Austria.

King on Roman Coins.

Lord Lansdowne's Works.Vol. I. Tonson, 1736.

James Baker's Picturesque Guide to the Local Beauties of Wales.Vol. I. 4to. 1794.

Webster's Dictionary.Vol. II. 4to. 1832.

Walker's Particles.8vo. old calf, 1683.

Warner's Sermons.2 Vols. Longman, about 1818.

Author's Printing and Publishing Assistant.12mo., cloth, 1842.

Sanders' History of Shenstone in Staffordshire.J. Nichols, London. 1794. Two Copies.

Lombardi (Petri) Sententiarum, Lib. IV. Any good edition.

Herbert's Carolina Threnodia.8vo. 1702.

Theobald's Shakspeare Restored.4to. 1726.

Sermons by the Rev. Robert Wake, M.A.1704, 1712, &c.

History of Ancient Wilts, bySir R. C. Hoare.The last three Parts.

***Correspondents sending Lists of Books Wanted are requested to send their names.

*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price,carriage free, to be sent toMr. Bell, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.

D. A. A.will find an answer to his Query, "Was St. Patrick ever in Ireland?" in our5th Vol. p. 561.,from the pen of that accomplished scholar, theRev. Dr. Rock.

We have to apologise to many of our Shakspearian correspondents for the delay which has taken place in the insertion of their communications.A. E. B.will perceive that we have complied with his request in substituting for immediate publication the paper he sent this week, instead of one by him which has been in type for two or three weeks.

The coincident communications from two correspondents on Falstaff's death,—Mr. Singer's valuable emendation of a passage inRomeo and Juliet,—andMr. Blink's andMr. Rawlinson's respective communications, shall have our earliest attention.

We are also compelled to postpone our usual replies to Photographic Querists.

Mr. Merritt's Photographic specimens are very satisfactory. There can be no doubt that, with perseverance, he will accomplish everything that can be desired in this useful and pleasing art.

"Notes and Queries"is published at noon on Friday, so that the Country Booksellers may receive Copies in that night's parcels, and deliver them to their Subscribers on the Saturday.

Just published, price 1s., free by Post 1s.4d.,

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FIVE BONUSES have been declared; at the last in January, 1852, the sum of 131,125l.was added to the Policies, producing a Bonus varying with the different ages from 24½ to 55 per cent. on the Premiums paid during the five years, or from 5l.to 12l.10s.per cent. on the Sum Assured.

The small share of Profit divisible in future among the Shareholders being now provided for, the ASSURED will hereafter derive all the benefits obtainable from a Mutual Office, WITHOUT ANY LIABILITY OR RISK OF PARTNERSHIP.

POLICIES effected before the 30th June next, will be entitled, at the next Division, to one year's additional share of Profits over later Assurers.

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Claims paidthirtydays after proof of death, and all Policies areIndisputableexcept in cases of fraud.

Tables of Rates and forms of Proposal can be obtained of any of the Society's Agents, or of

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