PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE.

Footnote 5:(return)The title of this curious book is,Geschichte der Mission der evangelischen Brüder unter den Indianern in Nordamerika, durch Georg H. Loskiel: Barby, 1789, 8vo., pp. 783. Latrobe's translation of this book was published Lond. 1794.Footnote 6:(return)This reminds one of the notion respecting"The scorpion girt with fire,"immortalised by Lord Byron's famous simile.Footnote 7:(return)Eighteen Books of the Secrets of Art and Nature; being the Summe and Substance of Naturall Philosophy methodically digested: London, 1661.Footnote 8:(return)In O'Brien's work onThe Round Towers of Ireland, London, 1834, may be found much curious matter on this subject; and a good deal of light is thrown on the horrors of Serpent or Boodhist worship. It is, however, a wild and irreverent book, and by no means to be recommended to the general reader, independently of the nature of its details. Mr. Payne Knight's book is too well known to need mention here.

The title of this curious book is,Geschichte der Mission der evangelischen Brüder unter den Indianern in Nordamerika, durch Georg H. Loskiel: Barby, 1789, 8vo., pp. 783. Latrobe's translation of this book was published Lond. 1794.

This reminds one of the notion respecting

"The scorpion girt with fire,"

immortalised by Lord Byron's famous simile.

Eighteen Books of the Secrets of Art and Nature; being the Summe and Substance of Naturall Philosophy methodically digested: London, 1661.

In O'Brien's work onThe Round Towers of Ireland, London, 1834, may be found much curious matter on this subject; and a good deal of light is thrown on the horrors of Serpent or Boodhist worship. It is, however, a wild and irreverent book, and by no means to be recommended to the general reader, independently of the nature of its details. Mr. Payne Knight's book is too well known to need mention here.

Early Notice of the Camera Obscura.—I send you an early notice of the camera obscura, which is to be found in vol. vi. of theNouvelles de la République des Lettresfor September, 1686, p. 1016. It is taken from a letter of Mons. Laurenti, médecin, of Boulogne, "Sur l'érection des espèces dans une chambre optique."

"C'est ainsi qu'on nomme one chambre exactement fermée partout, si ce n'est dans un endroit par où on laisse entrer la lumière, afin de voir peints, et situés à rebours, sur un morceau de papier blanc, les objets de dehors qui respondent à ce trou, auquel il faut mettre un verre convexe. On a souhaité, pour donner plus d'agrément à ce spectacle, que les objets se peignissent sur ce papier selon leur véritable situation; et pour cet effet on a cherché des expédiens qui redressassent les espèces avant qu'elles parvinssent au foier du verre, c'est-à-dire, sur le papier. L'auteur raporte '10' de ces expédiens, et trouve dans chacun d'eux quelque chose d'incommode, mais enfin il en raporte un autre, qui est exempt de toutes ces incommoditéz, et qui, par le moien d'un prisme, au travers duquel il faut regarder les images peints sur le papier, les montre dans leur situation droite, et augmente même la vivacité de leurs couleurs. C'est le hazard qui a découvert ce phénomène."

This letter is to be found at length in theMiscellanea Curiosa, sive Ephemeridum Medico-Physicarum Germanicarum Academiæ Naturæ curiosorum decuria II. annus quartus, anni 1685 continens celeberrimorum Virorum observationes medicas: Norimbergæ, 1686, in 4to. It may perhaps be worth consulting, if it were only to know what the ten rejected expedients are.

Anon.

Queries on Dr. Diamond's Collodion Process.—Will you oblige me by informingDr. Diamondthrough your valuable publication, that I am, in common with many others, extremely indebted to him for his collodion, and would esteem it a favour if he would answer the following Queries, viz.:

1st. He says, in answer to a previous Query, that "nitrate of potassa" isnotformed in his process. Now I wish to ask if (as the iodide of silver is redissolved in iodide of potassium) it isnotformed when the plate is plunged into the nitrate silver bath, as the nitrate decomposes the iodide of potassium?

2nd. How long will the collodion, according to his formulæ, keep, as collodion made with iodide of silver generally decomposes quickly.

3rdly. Why does he prohibitwashedether?

4thly. Does he think cyanide of potassium would do as well as the iodide, to redissolve the iodide of silver, iodide of potassium being at present so dear?

5thly. In his paper process, does not the soaking in water after iodizing merely take away a portion of iodides of silver and potassium from the paper; or, if not, what end is answered by it?

W. F. E.

Baths for the Collodion Process.—Having lately been assured, by a gentleman of scientific attainments, that the sensitiveness of the prepared collodion plate depends rather upon the strength of the nitrate of silver bath than on the collodion, I am desirous of asking how far the experience of your correspondents confirms this statement. My informant assured me, that if, instead of using a solution of thirty grains of nitrate of silver to the ounce of water for the bath, which is the proportion recommended by Messrs. Archer, Horne, Delamotte, Diamond, &c., a sixty grain solution be substituted, the formation of the image would be the work of the fraction of a second. This seems to me so important as to deserve being brought under the notice of photographers—especially at this busy season—without a moment's delay; and I therefore record the statement at once, as, from circumstances with which I need not encumber your pages, I shall not have an opportunity of trying any experiment upon the point for a week or two.

Upon referring to the authorities on the subject of the best solution for baths, I have been struck with their uniformity. One exception only has presented itself, which is in a valuable paper by Mr. Thomas in the 6th Number of theJournal of the Photographic Society. That gentleman directs the bath to be prepared in the following manner:

Into a 20 oz. stoppered bottle, put—

Nitrate of silver 1 oz.Distilled water 10 oz.Dissolve.Iodide of potassium 5 grs.Distilled water 1 dr.Dissolve.

Nitrate of silver 1 oz.Distilled water 10 oz.Dissolve.

Nitrate of silver 1 oz.

Distilled water 10 oz.

Dissolve.

Iodide of potassium 5 grs.Distilled water 1 dr.Dissolve.

Iodide of potassium 5 grs.

Distilled water 1 dr.

Dissolve.

On mixing these two solutions, a precipitate of iodide of silver is formed. Place the bottle containing this mixture in a saucepan of hot water, keep it on the hob for about twelve hours, shake it occasionally, now and then removing the stopper. The bath is now perfectly saturated with iodide of silver; when cold, filter through white filtering paper, and add—

Alcohol 2 drs.Sulphuric ether 1 dr.

Alcohol 2 drs.

Sulphuric ether 1 dr.

The prepared glass is to remain in the bath about eight or ten minutes. Now, is this bath applicable to all collodion, or only to that prepared by Mr. Thomas; and if the former, what is the rationale of its beneficial action?

A Beginner.

Mitigation of Capital Punishment to a Forger(Vol. vii., p. 573.).—If your correspondent H. B. C. really wishes to be released from his hard work in hunting up the truth of my and other narratives of themitigation of capital punishment to forgers, I shall be happy to receive a note from him with his name and address, when I will give him the name and address of my informant in return. By this means I may be able to relieve his shoulder from a portion of its burden, and myself from any farther imputations of "mythic accompaniments," &c., which are unpalatable phrases even when coming from a gentleman who only discloses his initials.

Alfred Gatty.

Ecclesfield.

Chronograms(Vol. v., p. 585.) andAnagrams(Vol. iv., p. 226).—Though we have ceased to practise these "literary follies," they are not without interest; and you will perhaps think it worth while to add the following to your list:

"Hugo Grotius, hisSophompaneas.By FranCIs GoLDsMIth."

"Hugo Grotius, hisSophompaneas.

By FranCIs GoLDsMIth."

has no date on the title-page, the real date of 1652 being supplied by the chronogram, which is a better one than most of those quoted in "N. & Q.," inasmuch as all the numerical letters are employed, and it is consequently not dependent on the typography.

James Howell concludes hisParly of Beastsas follows:

"Gloria lausque Deo sæCLorVM in sæcVla sunto.A chronogrammaticall verse which includes not onely this year, 1660, but hath numericall letters enow [an illustration, by the way, ofenowas expressive of number] to reach above a thousand years farther, untill the year 2867."

"Gloria lausque Deo sæCLorVM in sæcVla sunto.

A chronogrammaticall verse which includes not onely this year, 1660, but hath numericall letters enow [an illustration, by the way, ofenowas expressive of number] to reach above a thousand years farther, untill the year 2867."

Query, How is this made out? And are there any other letters employed as numerical than the M, D, C, L, V, and I? If not, I can only make Howell's chronogram equivalent to 1927.

The author, in hisGerman Diet, after narrating the death of Charles, son of Philip II. of Spain, says:

"If you desire to know the yeer, this chronogram will tell you:fILIVs ante DIeM patrIos InqVIrIt In annos,"which would represent the date of 1568.

"If you desire to know the yeer, this chronogram will tell you:

fILIVs ante DIeM patrIos InqVIrIt In annos,"

which would represent the date of 1568.

The same work contains an anagram on "Frere Jacques Clement," the murderer of Henry III. of France: "C'est l'enfer qui m'a créé."

J. F. M.

Abigail(Vol. iv., p. 424.; Vol. v., pp. 38. 94. 450.).—Can it be shown that this word was in general use, as meaning a "lady's maid," before the time of Queen Anne. It probably was so used;but I have always thought it likely that it became much more extensively employed, after Abigail Hill, Lady Masham, became the favourite of that queen. She was, I believe, a poor cousin of Sarah Jennings, Duchess of Marlborough, and early in life was employed by her in the humble capacity of lady's maid. After she had supplanted the haughty duchess, it is not unlikely that the Whigs would take a malicious pleasure in keeping alive the recollection of the early fortunes of the Tory favourite, and that they would be unwilling to lose the opportunity of speaking of a lady's maid as anything else but an "Abigail." Swift, however, in his use of the word, could have no such design, as he was on the best of terms with the Mashams, of whose party he was the very life and soul.

H. T. Riley.

Burial in unconsecrated Ground(Vol. vi., p. 448.).—Susanna, the wife of Philip Carteret Webb, Esq., of Busbridge, in Surrey, died at Bath in March, 1756, and was, at her own desire, buried with two of her children in a cave in the grounds at Busbridge; it being excavated by a company of soldiers then quartered at Guildford. Their remains were afterwards disinterred and buried in Godalming Church.

H. T. Riley.

"Cob" and "Conners"(Vol. vii., pp. 234. 321.).—These names are not synonymous, nor are they Irish words. It is the pier at Lyme Regis, and not the harbour, which bears the name of theCob. In the "Y Gododin" of Aneurin, a British poem supposed to have been written in the sixth century, the now obsolete wordchynnwroccurs in the seventy-sixth stanza. In a recent translation of this poem, by the Rev. John Williams Ab Ithel, M.A., this word is rendered, apparently for the sake of the metre, "shore of the sea." The explanation given in a foot-note is, "Harbourcynwrfromcyn dwfr." On the shore of the estuary of the Dee, between Chester and Flint, on the Welsh side of the river, there is a place called "Connah's Quay." It is probable that the ancient orthography of the name wasConner.

Cob, I think, is also a British word,—cop, a mound. All the ancient earth-works which bear this name, of which I have knowledge, are of a circular form, except a lone embankment calledThe Cop, which has been raised on the race-course at Chester, to protect it from the land-floods and spring-tides of the river Dee.

N. W. S. (2.)

Coleridge's Unpublished MSS.(Vol. iv., p. 411.; Vol. vi., p. 533.).—Theophylact, at the first reference, inquired whether we are "ever likely to receive from any member of Coleridge's family, or from his friend Mr. J. H. Green, the fragments, if not the entire work, of hisLogosophia." Agreeing with your correspondent, that "we can ill afford to lose a work the conception of which engrossed much of his thoughts," I repeated the Query in another form, at the second reference (supra), grounding it upon an assurance of Sara Coleridge, in her introduction to theBiographia Literaria, that the fragment on Ideas would hereafter appear, as a sequel to theAids to Reflection. Whether this fragment be identical with theLogosophia, or, as I suspect, a distinct essay, certain it is that nothing of the kind has ever been published.

From an interesting conversation I had with Dr. Green in a railway carriage, on our return from the Commemoration at Oxford, I learned that he has in his possession, (1.) A complete section of a work onThe Philosophy of Naturewhich he took down from the mouth of Coleridge, filling a large volume; (2.) A complete treatise onLogic; and (3.) If I did not mistake, a fragment onIdeas. The reason Dr. Green assigns for their not having been published, is, that they contain nothing but what has already seen the light in theAids to Reflection,The Theory of Life, and theTreatise on Method. This appears to me a very inadequate reason for withholding them from the press. That the works would pay, there can be no doubt. Besides the editing of these MSS., who is so well qualified as Dr. Green to give us a good biography of Coleridge?

C. Mansfield Ingleby.

Birmingham.

Selling a Wife(Vol. vii., p. 602.).—A case of selling a wife actually andbonâ fidehappened in the provincial town in which I reside, about eighteen years ago. A man publicly sold his wife at the market cross for 15l.: the buyer carried her away with him some seven miles off, and she lived with him till his death. The seller and the buyer are both now dead, but the woman is alive, and is married to athird(or asecond) husband. The legality of the transaction has, I believe, some chance of being tried, as she now claims some property belonging to her first husband (the seller), her right to which is questioned in consequence of her supposed alienation by sale; and I am informed that a lawyer has been applied to in the case. Of course there can be little doubt as to the result.

Sc.

Life(Vol. vii., pp. 429. 608.).—Compare with the lines quoted by your correspondents those of Moore, entitled "My Birthday," the four following especially:

"Vain was the man, and false as vain,Who said[9], 'Were he ordain'd to runHis long career of life again,He would do all that he had done.'"

"Vain was the man, and false as vain,

Who said[9], 'Were he ordain'd to run

His long career of life again,

He would do all that he had done.'"

Many a man would gladly live his life over again, were he allowed to bring to bear on hissecond life theexperiencehe had acquired in that past. For in the grave there is no room, either forambitionorrepentance; and the degree of our happiness or misery for eternity is proportioned to the state of preparation or unpreparation in which we leavethis world. Instead of many a man, I might have said most good men; and of the others, all who have not passed the rubicon of hope and grace. The vista of the past, however, appears a long and dreary retrospect, andanyfuture is hailed as a relief: yet on second and deeper thought, we would mount again the rugged hill of life, and try for a brighter prospect, a higher eminence.

Jarltzberg.

Footnote 9:(return)Fontenelle.

Fontenelle.

"Immo Deus mihi si dederit renovare juventam,Utve iterum in cunis possim vagire; recusem."Isaac Hawkins Browne,De Animi Immortalitate, lib. i., near the end.

"Immo Deus mihi si dederit renovare juventam,

Utve iterum in cunis possim vagire; recusem."

Isaac Hawkins Browne,De Animi Immortalitate, lib. i., near the end.

(SeeSelecta Poemata Anglorum Latina, iii. 251.)

F. W. J.

Passage of Thucydides on the Greek Factions(Vol. vii., p. 594.).—The passage alluded to bySir A. Alisonappears to be the celebrated description of the moral effects produced by the conflicts of the Greek factions, which is subjoined to the account of the Corcyræan sedition, iii. 82. The quotation must, however, have been made from memory, and it is amplified and expanded from the original. The words adverted to seem to be:

"μέλλησις δὲ προμηθὴς δειλία εὐπρεπὴς, τὸ δὲ σῶφρον τοῦ ἀνάνδρου πρόσχημα, καὶ τὸ πρὸς ἅπαν ξυνετὸν ἐπὶ πᾶν ἀργόν."

Thucydides, however, proceeds to say that the cunning which enabled a man to plot with success against an enemy, or still more to discover his hostile purposes, was highly esteemed.

Archbishop King(Vol. vii., p. 430.).—A few days since I met with the following passage in a brief sketch of Kane O'Hara, in the last number of theIrish Quarterly Review:

"In the extremely meagre published notices of O'Hara (the celebrated burletta writer), no reference has been made to his skill as an artist, of which we have a specimen in his etching of Dr. William King, archbishop of Dublin, in a wig and cap, of which portrait a copy has been made by Richardson."

This extract is taken from one of a very interesting series of papers upon "The Streets of Dublin."

Abhba.

Devonianisms(Vol. vii., p. 544.).—Pilm,Forrell.—Pillomis the full word, of whichpilmis a contraction. It appears to have been derived from the British wordpylor, dust.Forellis an archaic name for the cover of a book. The Welsh appear to have adopted it from the English, as their name for a bookbinder isfforelwr, literally, one who covers books. I may mention another Devonianism. The cover of a book is called itshealing. A man who lays slates on the roof of a house is, in Devonshire, called ahellier.

N. W. S. (2.)

Perseverant, Perseverance(Vol. vii., p. 400.).—CanMr. Arrowsmithsupply any instances of the verbpersever(orperceyuer, as it is spelt in the 1555 edition of Hawes, M. i. col. 2.), from any other author? and will he inform us when this "abortive hog" and his litter became extinct.

In explainingspeare(so strangely misunderstood by the editor of Dodsley), he should, I think, have added, that it was an old way of writingspar. In Shakspeare's Prologue toTroilus and Cressida, it is writtensperr.Sparred, quoted by Richardson from theRomance of the Rose, andTroilus and Creseide, is in the edition of Chaucer referred to by Tyrwhitt, written in theRomance"spered," and inTroilus"sperred."

Bloomsbury.

"The Good Old Cause" (Vol. vi.,passim).—Mrs. Behn, who gained some notoriety for her licentious writings even in Charles II.'s days, was the author of a play calledThe Roundheads, or the Good Old Cause: London, 1682. In the Epilogue she puts into the mouth of the Puritans the following lines respecting the Royalists:

"Yet then they rail'd againstThe Good Old Cause;Rail'd foolishly for loyalty and laws:But when the Saints had put them to a stand,We left them loyalty, and took their land:Yea, and the pious work of ReformationRewarded was with plunder and sequestration."

"Yet then they rail'd againstThe Good Old Cause;

Rail'd foolishly for loyalty and laws:

But when the Saints had put them to a stand,

We left them loyalty, and took their land:

Yea, and the pious work of Reformation

Rewarded was with plunder and sequestration."

The following lines are quoted by Mr. Teale in hisLife of Viscount Falkland, p. 131.:

"The wealthiest man among us is the best:No grandeur now in Nature or in bookDelights us—repose, avarice, expense,This is the idolatry; and these we adore:Plain living and high thinking are no more;The homely beauty ofThe Good Old CauseIs gone: our peace and fearful innocence,And pure religion breathing household laws."

"The wealthiest man among us is the best:

No grandeur now in Nature or in book

Delights us—repose, avarice, expense,

This is the idolatry; and these we adore:

Plain living and high thinking are no more;

The homely beauty ofThe Good Old Cause

Is gone: our peace and fearful innocence,

And pure religion breathing household laws."

Whence did Mr. Teale get these lines? EitherThe Good Old Causeis here used in a peculiar sense, or Mr. Teale makes an unhappy use of the quotation.

Jarltzberg.

Saying of Pascal(Vol. vii., p. 596.).—In reply to the question ofW. Fraser, I would refer him to Pascal'ssixteenthProvincial Letter, where, in the last paragraph but one, we read,—

"Mes révérends pères, mes lettres n'avaient pas accoutumé de se suivre de si près, ni d'être si étendues.Le peu de temps que j'ai eu a été cause de l'un et de l'autre. Je n'ai fait celle-ci plus longue que parceque jen'ai pas eu le loisir de la faire plus courte.La raison qui m'a obligé de hâter vous est mieux connue qu'à moi."

R. E. T.

Paint taken off of old Oak(Vol. vii., p. 620.).—About twenty-six years ago, by the adoption of a very simple process recommended by Dr. Wollaston, the paint was entirely removed from the screen of carved oak which fills the north end of the great hall at Audley End, and the wood reassumed its original colour and brilliancy. The result was brought about by the application of soft-soap, laid on of the thickness of a shilling over the whole surface of the oak, and allowed to remain there two or three days; at the end of which it was washed off with plenty of cold water. I am aware that potash has been often tried with success for the same purpose; but, in many instances, unless it is used with due caution, the wood becomes of a darker hue, and has the appearance of having been charred. It is worthy of remark, that Dr. Wollaston made the suggestion with great diffidence, not having, as he said, had any practical experience of the effect of such an application.

Braybrooke.

Passage in the "Tempest"(Vol. ii., pp. 259. 299. 337. 429.).—As a parallel to the expression "most busy least" (meaning "least busy" emphatically), I would suggest the common expression of the Northumbrians, "Far over near" (signifying "much too near").

H. T. Riley.

The Committee appointed by the Society of Antiquaries to consider what improvements could be introduced into its management, has at length issued a Report; and we are glad to find that the alterations suggested by them have been frankly adopted by the Council. The principal changes proposed refer to the election of the Council; the having but one Secretary, who is not to be a member of that body; the appointment of Local Secretaries; the retirement annually of the Senior Vice-President; and lastly, that which more than anything else must operate for the future benefit of the Society, the appointment of a third Standing Committee, to be calledThe Executive Committee, whose duty shall be "to superintend the correspondence of the Society on all subjects relating to literature and antiquities, to direct any antiquarian operations or excavations carried on by the Society, to examine all papers sent for reading, all objects sent for exhibition, and to assist the Director generally in taking care that the publications of the Society are consistent with its position and importance." It is easy to see that if a proper selection be made of the Fellows to serve on this Committee, their activity, and the renewed interest which will be thereby awakened in the proceedings of the Society, will ensure for the Thursday Evening Meetings a regular supply of objects for exhibition, and papers for reading, worthy of the body—and therefore unlike many which we have too frequently heard, and to which, but for the undeserved imputation which we should seem to cast upon our good friend Sir Henry Ellis, might be applied, with a slight alteration, that couplet of Mathias which tells—

"How o'er the bulk of thesetransacteddeedsSir Henry pants, and d——ns 'em as he reads."

"How o'er the bulk of thesetransacteddeeds

Sir Henry pants, and d——ns 'em as he reads."

We have now little doubt that better days are in store for the Society of Antiquaries.

The Annual Meeting of the Archæological Institute commences at Chichester on Tuesday next, under the patronage of the Dukes of Norfolk and Richmond, and the Bishop of Chichester, and the Presidentship of Lord Talbot de Malahide. There is a good bill of fare provided in the shape of Lectures on the Cathedral, by Professor Willis; excursions to Boxgrove Priory, Halnaker, Godwood, Cowdray, Petworth, Pevensey, Amberley, Shoreham, Lewes, and Arundel; excavations on Bow Hill; Meetings of the Sections of History, Antiquities, and Architecture; and, what we think will be one of the pleasantest features of the programme, the Annual Meeting of the Sussex Archæological Society, in the proceedings of which the Members of the Institute are invited to participate.

Books Received.—A Glossary of Provincialisms in Use in the County of Sussex, by W. Durrant Cooper,second edition: a small but very valuable addition to our provincial glossaries, with an introduction well worth the reading. We shall be surprised if the meeting of the Institute this year in Sussex does not furnish Mr. Cooper with materials for a third and enlarged edition.—The Traveller's Library, No. 44.,A Tour on the Continent by Rail and Road, by John Barrow: a brief itinerary of dates and distances, showing what may be done in a two months' visit to the Continent.—No. 45.Swiss Men and Swiss Mountains, by Robert Ferguson: a very graphic and well-written narrative of a tour in Switzerland, which deserves a corner in the knapsack of the "intending" traveller.—The Essays, or Counsels Civil and Moral, by Francis Bacon, Viscount St. Alban, edited by Thomas Markby: a cheap edition of this valuable "handbook for thinking men," produced by the ready sale which has attendedThe Advancement of Learningby the same editor.—Reynard the Fox, after the German Version of Göthe, with Illustrations by J. Wolf, Part VII., in which the translator carries on the story toThe Outlawryin well-tuned verse.—Cyclopædia Bibliographica, Part X. This tenth Part concludes the first half of the volume of authors and their works; and the punctuality with which the Parts have succeeded each other is a sufficient pledge that we shall see this most useful library companion completed in a satisfactory manner.

Moore's Melodies.15th Edition.

Wood's Athenæ Oxonienses(ed. Bliss). 4 vols. 4to. 1813-20.

The Complaynts of Scotland.8vo. Edited by Leyden. 1804.

Shakspeare's Plays.Vol. V. of Johnson and Steevens's edition, in 15 vols. 8vo. 1739.

Circle of the Seasons.12mo. London, 1828. (Two Copies.)

Jones' Account of Aberystwith.Trevecka, 8vo. 1779.

M. C. H. Broemel's Fest-Tanzen der Ersten Christen.Jena, 1705.

Cooper's Account of Public Records.8vo. 1832. Vol. I.

Passionael efte dat Levent der Heiligen.Basil, 1522.

Lord Lansdowne's Works.Vol. I. Tonson, 1736.

James Baker's Picturesque Guide to the Local Beauties of Wales.Vol. I. 4to. 1794.

Sanders' History of Shenstone in Staffordshire.J. Nichols, London, 1794. Two Copies.

Herbert's Carolina Threnodia.8vo. 1702.

Theobold's Shakspeare Restored.4to. 1726.

***Correspondents sending Lists of Books Wanted are requested to send their names.

*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price,carriage free, to be sent toMr. Bell, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.

J. M. G.,who writes respecting the Leigh Peerage, is informed that we have a private letter for him. How can it be addressed to him?

W. W. (Malta)has our best thanks for his letter of the 25th of June. His suggestion will be adopted; but we shall shortly have the pleasure of addressing aprivatecommunication to him.

Shakspeare Criticism.We have to apologise to many friends and Correspondents for the postponement of their communications. As Soon as the Index toVol. vii.is published, we shall take steps to get out of these arrears.

C. P. F.TheChin the name ofChobham is soft. There is aCobham within a few miles of the Camp.

Iodide(June 24th).There is much care required in iodizing paper; we have no hesitation in saying at present the subject has not met with sufficient attention. When the iodized paper is immersed in water, it is some time before it assumes a yellow colour. This may be accelerated by often changing the water. The brightness of the colour is by no means an index of its degree of sensitiveness—on the contrary, paper of a bright yellow colour is more apt to brown than one of a pale primrose. Too bright a yellow would also indicate an insufficient soaking; and suffering the paper to remain longer than is needful not only lessens its sensitive powers, but does much damage by removing all the size.

H. N. (Kingston).Violet-coloured glass, ground on one side, may be obtained at 11d. per square foot of Messrs. Forest and Brownley, Lime Street, Liverpool. It may also be had in London, but the price charged is much higher. This glass obstructs just a sufficient degree of light, and is most agreeable to the sitter; not much advantage accrues from the use of large sheets, and it is objectionable for price. No doubt such an application as you mention would be useful; but, from the difficulty there is in keeping out the wet from a glass roof, it would be very objectionable. Beyond a reference to our advertising columns, we cannot enter upon the subject of the prices of chemicals and their purity. In making gun cotton, the time of immersion in the acids must be the same for twenty grains as for any large quantity: when good, there is a peculiar crispness in the cotton, and it isquitesoluble in the ether. If our Correspondent (who expresses so much earnestness of success) will forward his address, he shall receive a small portion made according toDr. Diamond'sformulary, which we find extremely soluble; and he can compare it with that of his own production.

F. M. (Malta).1st. We are informed byDr. Diamondthat however beautiful the results obtained by others in the use of Canson's paper, in his hands he has found no certainty in its action, and, for iodized paper for negatives, far inferior to the best English papers. If the salts of gold are to be used, deep tints are very readily obtained by the French papers. The propriety of using gold is very questionable, not only as affecting the after permanence of the picture, but from the strong contrasts generally produced being very offensive to an artist's eye. 2ndly. Xyloidine may be iodized precisely the same as collodion, but no advantage whatever is gained from its use. A collodion for the taking of positives on glass should be differently made to one for negative pictures. There should be less of the iodides contained in it, and it should be more fluid. When this is the case, the image is never washed out by the hypo., and the delineation is equal in minuteness to any Daguerreotype on metal plates, as has been shown by the specimens of the reduction of printing exhibited by Mr. Rosling at the Society of Arts' Exhibition, where the letters were reduced to 1-750th of an inch, or less than half the diameter of a human hair. If the protonitrate of ironproperly preparedbe used in the development, the deposit assumes the beautiful appearance of dead white silver, having none of the reflecting qualities of the metal plates.

C. E. F. (June 13th).The spots in the specimen sent depend upon minute substances in your collodion not receiving the action of the nitrate of silver bath; and you will find this upon looking through a prepared plate after it has been in the nitrate bath, and previously to its ever having been in the camera. They may be iodide or iodate of silver, or small crystals of nitrate of potash. If the former, add a little piece of iodide of potassium, say ten grains to two ounces of collodion; or if the latter, it would depend upon a defective washing of the gun cotton by which all the soluble salts have not been removed: thus more care must be used. We would recommend you to use an entirely new bath and stronger, four ounces of hypo. to a pint: it is evident that your very nice specimens have been spoiled by the stains of the bath. Allow us again to draw your attention to the process given byMr. Pollock;we have seen most satisfactory pictures produced by it.

R. H. Chattock(Solihull).The "freckled" appearance which you mention in your positives in all probability depends upon the action of the light upon the silver, which still remains in your proof. We have often found it to be the case when old hyposulphite of soda is used, and when the strength of the bath is becoming weak and doubtful. It is certainly a safe process to soak the picture in clean water for an hour or two,the light being excludedprevious to the immersion into the hypo.; and the water extracting a large portion of the solutions remaining on the paper, the after application of the hypo. need not be so long continued, whereby the tone of the picture is not so much lowered. Your own observation, that a piece of Whatman's paper being merely divided, and one point exhibiting the defects and the other not, at once negatives the idea that the size in the paper has been affected.

TheIndexto ourSeventh Volumewill be ready on Saturday next, the 16th.

A few complete sets of"Notes and Queries," Vols. i.tovi.,price Three Guineas, may now be had; for which early application is desirable.

"Notes and Queries"is published at noon on Friday, so that the Country Booksellers may receive Copies in that night's parcels, and deliver them to their Subscribers on the Saturday.

The Twenty-eighth Edition.

NEUROTONICS, or the Art of Strengthening the Nerves, containing Remarks on the influence of the Nerves upon the Health of Body and Mind, and the means of Cure for Nervousness, Debility, Melancholy, and all Chronic Diseases, by DR. NAPIER, M.D. London: HOULSTON & STONEMAN. Price 4d., or Post Free from the Author for Five Penny Stamps.

"We can conscientiously recommend 'Neurotonics,' by Dr. Napier, to the careful perusal of our invalid readers."—John Bull Newspaper, June 5, 1852.

WANTED, for the Ladies' Institute, 83. Regent Street, Quadrant, LADIES of taste for fancy work,—by paying 21s.will be received as members, and taught the new style of velvet wool work, which is acquired in a few easy lessons. Each lady will be guaranteed constant employment and ready cash payment for her work. Apply personally to Mr. Thoughey. N.B. Ladies taught by letter at any distance from London.

BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION, No. 1. Class X., in Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all Climates, may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold London-made Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6 and 4 guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, 10, and 8 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior Lever, with Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's Pocket Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch skilfully examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, 2l., 3l., and 4l.Thermometers from 1s.each.

BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, the Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen,

65. CHEAPSIDE.

SPECTACLES.—WM. ACKLAND applies his medical knowledge as a Licentiate of the Apothecaries' Company, London, his theory as a Mathematician, and his practice as a working Optician, aided by Smee's Optometer, in the selection of Spectacles suitable to every derangement of vision, so as to preserve the sight to extreme old age.

ACHROMATIC TELESCOPES, with the New Vetzlar Eye-pieces, as exhibited at the Academy of Sciences in Paris. The Lenses of these Eye-pieces are so constructed that the rays of light fall nearly perpendicular to the surface of the various lenses, by which the aberration is completely removed; and a telescope so fitted gives one-third more magnifying power and light than could be obtained by the old Eye-pieces. Prices of the various sizes on application to

WM. ACKLAND, Optician, 93. Hatton Garden, London.

PHOTOGRAPHIC PICTURES.—A Selection of the above beautiful Productions (comprising Views in VENICE, PARIS, RUSSIA, NUBIA, &c.) may be seen at BLAND & LONG'S, 153. Fleet Street, where may also be procured Apparatus of every Description, and pure Chemicals for the practice of Photography in all its Branches.

Calotype, Daguerreotype, and Glass Pictures for the Stereoscope.

*** Catalogues may be had on application.

BLAND & LONG, Opticians, Philosophical and Photographical Instrument Makers, and Operative Chemists, 153. Fleet Street.

PHOTOGRAPHIC APPARATUS MANUFACTORY, Charlotte Terrace, Barnsbury Road, Islington.

T. OTTEWILL (from Horne & Co.'s) begs most respectfully to call the attention of Gentlemen, Tourists, and Photographers, to the superiority of his newly registered DOUBLE-BODIED FOLDING CAMERAS, possessing the efficiency and ready adjustment of the Sliding Camera, with the portability and convenience of the Folding Ditto.

Every description of Apparatus to order.

PHOTOGRAPHY.—HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining Instantaneous Views, and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, according to light.

Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the choicest Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their Establishment.

Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used in this beautiful Art.—123. and 121. Newgate Street.

Just published, price 1s., free by Post 1s.4d.,

THE WAXED-PAPER PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESS of GUSTAVE LE GRAY'S NEW EDITION. Translated from the French.

Sole Agents in the United Kingdom for VOIGHTLANDER & SON'S celebrated Lenses for Portraits and Views.

General Depôt for Turner's, Whatman's, Canson Frères', La Croix, and other Talbotype Papers.

Pure Photographic Chemicals.

Instructions and Specimens in every Branch of the Art.

GEORGE KNIGHT & SONS, Foster Lane, London.

PHOTOGRAPHY.—Collodion (Iodized with the Ammonio-Iodide of Silver).—J. B. HOCKIN & CO., Chemists, 289. Strand, were the first in England who published the application of this agent (seeAthenæum, Aug. 14th). Their Collodion (price 9d.per oz.) retains its extraordinary sensitiveness, tenacity, and colour unimpaired for months; it may be exported to any climate, and the Iodizing Compound mixed as required. J. B. HOCKIN & CO. manufacture PURE CHEMICALS and all APPARATUS with the latest Improvements adapted for all the Photographic and Daguerreotype processes. Cameras for Developing in the open Country. GLASS BATHS adapted to any Camera. Lenses from the best Makers. Waxed and Iodized Papers, &c.

PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER.—Negative and Positive Papers of Whatman's Turner's, Sanford's, and Canson Frères' make. Waxed-Paper for Le Gray's Process. Iodized and Sensitive Paper for every kind of Photography.

Sold by JOHN SANFORD, Photographic Stationer, Aldine Chambers, 13. Paternoster Row, London.

Established 1824.

FIVE BONUSES have been declared: at the last in January, 1852, the sum of 131,125l.was added to the Policies, producing a Bonus varying with the different ages from 24½ to 55 per cent. on the Premiums paid during the five years, or from 5l.to 12l.10s.per cent. on the Sum Assured.

The small share of Profit divisible in future among the Shareholders being now provided for, the ASSURED will hereafter derive all the benefits obtainable from a Mutual Office, WITHOUT ANY LIABILITY OR RISK OF PARTNERSHIP.

POLICIES effected before the 30th June next, will be entitled, at the next Division, to one year's additional share of Profits over later Assurers.

On Assurances for the whole of Life only one half of the Premiums need be paid for the first five years.

INVALID LIVES may be Assured at rates proportioned to the risk.

Claims paidthirtydays after proof of death, and all Policies areIndisputableexcept in cases of fraud.

Tables of Rates and forms of Proposal can be obtained of any of the Society's Agents, or of

GEORGE H. PINCKARD, Resident Secretary.

99.Great Russell Street, Bloomsbury, London.

UNITED KINGDOM LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY: established by Act of Parliament in 1834.—8. Waterloo Place, Pall Mall, London.

HONORARY PRESIDENTS.

LONDON BOARD.

Chairman.—Charles Graham, Esq.Deputy-Chairman.—Charles Downes, Esq.

MEDICAL OFFICERS.

Physician.—Arthur H. Hassall, Esq., M.D., 8. Bennett Street, St. James's.Surgeon.—F. H. Tomson, Esq., 48. Berners Street.

The Bonus added to Policies from March, 1834, to December 31, 1847, is as follows:—

SumAssured

TimeAssured.

Sum added toPolicy

SumPayableat Death.

In 1841.

In 1848.

£ s. d.

5000

14 years

683 6 8

787 10 0

6470 16 8

* 1000

7 years

—

157 10 0

1157 10 0

500

1 year

—

11 5 0

511 5 0

*Example.—At the commencement of the year 1841, a person aged thirty took out a Policy for 1000l., the annual payment for which is 24l.1s.8d.; in 1847 he had paid in premiums 168l.11s.8d.; but the profits being 2¼ per cent. per annum on the sum insured (which is 22l.10s.per annum for each 1000l.) he had 157l.10s.added to the Policy, almost as much as the premiums paid.

The Premiums, nevertheless, are on the most moderate scale, and only one-half need be paid for the first five years, when the Insurance is for Life. Every information will be afforded on application to the Resident Director.

PURE NERVOUS or MIND COMPLAINTS.—If the readers ofNotes and Queries, who suffer from depression of spirits, confusion, headache, blushing, groundless fears, unfitness for business or society, blood to the head, failure of memory, delusions, suicidal thoughts, fear of insanity, &c., will call on, or correspond with, REV. DR. WILLIS MOSELEY, who, out of above 22,000 applicants, knows not fifty uncured who have followed his advice, he will instruct them how to get well, without a fee, and will render the same service to the friends of the insane.—At home from 11 to 3.

18. BLOOMSBURY STREET, BEDFORD SQUARE.

3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON.

Founded A.D. 1842.

Directors.

H. E. Bicknell, Esq.T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq., M.P.G. H. Drew, Esq.W. Evans, Esq.W. Freeman, Esq.F. Fuller, Esq.J. H. Goodhart, Esq.

T. Grissell, Esq.J. Hunt, Esq.J. A. Lethbridge, Esq.E. Lucas, Esq.J. Lys Seager, Esq.J. B. White, Esq.J. Carter Wood, Esq.

Trustees.—W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq., T. Grissell, Esq.Physician.—William Rich. Basham, M.D.Bankers.—Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross.

VALUABLE PRIVILEGE.

POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application to suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed in the Prospectus.

Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in three-fourths of the Profits:—

ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary.

Now ready, price 10s.6d., Second Edition, with material additions, INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE ON BENEFIT BUILDING SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land Investment, exemplified in the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3. Parliament Street, London.

This Day, new and revised Edition, post 8vo., 2s.6d.

ANCIENT SPANISH BALLADS: Historical and Romantic. Translated, with Notes, by JOHN GIBSON LOCKHART, ESQ.

Also, fcap. 8vo., 2s.

A MONTH IN NORWAY, during the Summer of 1852. By JOHN G. HOLLWAY, ESQ.

The former Volumes of Murray's Railway Reading are—

LIFE OF LORD BACON. By LORD CAMPBELL.

WELLINGTON. By JULES MAUREL.

FALL OF JERUSALEM. By DEAN MILMAN.

STORY OF JOAN OF ARC. By LORD MAHON.

LITERARY ESSAYS AND CHARACTERS. By HENRY HALLAM.

LIFE OF THEODORE HOOK.

THE EMIGRANT. By SIR F. B. HEAD.

CHARACTER OF WELLINGTON. By LORD ELLESMERE.

MUSIC AND DRESS. By a LADY.

POPULAR ACCOUNT OF NINEVEH. By A. H. LAYARD.

BEES AND FLOWERS. By a CLERGYMAN.

"THE FORTY-FIVE." By LORD MAHON.

ESSAYS FROM "THE TIMES."

DEEDS of NAVAL DARING. By EDWARD GIFFARD.

THE ART OF DINING.

JOURNEY TO NEPAUL. By LAURENCE OLIPHANT.

THE CHACE, TURF, AND ROAD. By NIMROD.

Just ready,

HISTORY, AS A CONDITION OF SOCIAL PROGRESS. By SAMUEL LUCAS. Fcap. 8vo., price 6d.

JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.

DUTCH LANGUAGE.—Werninck's Dutch Dictionary, 1824 (published at 12s.), bd. 5s.—Van der Pyl's Dutch Grammar, 8vo. 1819, bds. 6s.;—and a variety of other Dutch Works for sale at

BERNARD QUARITCH'S,16. Castle Street, Leicester Square.

*** B. Q.'s Catalogue, containing an extensive stock of Books in all the Languages of the World, may be had for 6d.—B. Q.'s Monthly Catalogues are sent for a year on receipt of Twelve Postage Stamps.

TO ALL WHO HAVE FARMS OR GARDENS.

THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE,

(The Horticultural Part edited by PROF. LINDLEY)

Of Saturday, July 2, contains Articles on

THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE and AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE contains, in addition to the above, the Covent Garden, Mark Lane, Smithfield, and Liverpool prices, with returns from the Potato, Hop, Hay, Coal, Timber, Bark, Wool, and Seed Markets, and acomplete Newspaper, with a condensed account of all the transactions of the week.

ORDER of any Newsvender. OFFICE for Advertisements, 5. Upper Wellington Street, Covent Garden. London.

ANNUAL MEETING, CHICHESTER, 1853.

Patrons.His Grace the Duke of Norfolk, Earl Marshal, K.G.His Grace the Duke of Richmond, K.G., Lord Lieutenant of Sussex, and Custos Rotulorum.The Lord Bishop of Chichester, D.D.

President.The Lord Talbot de Malahide, M.R.I.A.

Presidents of Sections.History.—The Earl of Chichester.Antiquities.—The Hon. Robert Curzon, Jun.Architecture.—The Very Rev. the Dean of Chichester.

The ANNUAL MEETING will commence at CHICHESTER on TUESDAY next, July the 12th.

All persons who propose to communicate Memoirs, or to send Antiquities, &c., for Exhibition, are requested to make known their intention forthwith.

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