Miscellaneous.

Bloomsbury.

Porc-pisee(Vol. vi., p. 579.).—Mr. Wardewill find that this is the old English way of writingporpoise, more nearly to the French and Italian. Spenser writesporcpisces, and Rayporpesse, i.e.porc-pesee. Both are quoted in Richardson.

"Whealinstead of milk," iswheyorwhig. "Tofleshin sin," is to indulge in, to accustom to, to inure to, the gratification of the sinful lusts of theflesh. Johnson has from Hales the same expression "fleshed in sin" which he interprets "hardened."

Bloomsbury.

Lowbell(Vol. vii., pp. 181. 272.).—Your correspondents H. T. W. and M. H. will find sufficient reasons from Nares' quotations to convince them thatlowbellis so called from its sound; and the usage by Hammond (in Johnson) that the verb, tolowbell, was used consequentially to signify to frighten into a snare, and thus, to ensnare. And the noun, a snare, allurement, temptation.

"Now commonly he who desires to be a minister looks not at the work, but at the wages; and by thatlureorlowbellmay be toll'd from parish to parish all the town over."—Milton, "Hirelings," &c.,Works, vol. i. p. 529.

Bloomsbury.

Praying to the West(Vol. viii., p. 102.).—The isles of the West, by which is understood what we term the British Isles, in the ancient Hindoo writings are described asthe Sacred Isles, or the abode of religion. The Celtic tribes used the practice of turning to the West in their religious rites, having adopted it in a very early age from a reason similar to that which led theTurksin a later age to turn towards Mecca, andother nationstowards the East; that is, the superior sanctity attached by each to these several points. This practice the Celtic tribes brought with them in their migration from the East to those parts in which we now find it in the West; where it has been retained by their descendants after the circumstances which gave rise to it had been long forgotten.

G. W.

Stansted, Montfichet.

Old Dog(Vol. iv., p. 21.).—SeeThe Observer(Cumberland's), No. 131.:—"Uncle Antony wasan old dogat a dispute."

P. J. F. Gantillon, B.A.

Contested Elections(Vol. vii., p. 208.).—An account of many of the English contested elections may be found in Oldfield'sRepresentative History of Great Britain and Ireland, 6 vols.: London, 1816. I hope that X. Y. Z. does not rank this among the "wretched compilations." Oldfield was a man of much experience as a parliamentary agent, and his book is entertaining—at least, to us Americans.

M. E.

Philadelphia.

"Rathe" in the Sense of "early"(Vol. vii., p. 634.et alibi.).—SeeThe Antiquary, cap. xxxix. (vol. i. p. 468. People's Edition), where Maggie Mucklebacket says:

"I havena had the grace yet to come down to thank your honour for the credit ye did puir Steenie, wi' laying his head in arathgrave."

The Glossary explains the word asready,quick,early.

P. J. F. Gantillon, B.A.

Chip in Porridge(Vol. i., p. 382).—Though a long time has elapsed, I see nothing more on the subject of this phrase than Q. D.'s application for information regarding it.

I take it to mean a nonentity, a thing of no importance, and to have no more distinctive origin than the innumerable other cant sayings in daily use.

In a book recently published,Personal Adventures of our own Correspondent, by M. B. Honan, vol. i. p. 151., occurs this passage:

"It is very easy to stand well with all by being, what is vulgarly called, 'a chip in porridge.'"

W. T. M.

Hong Kong.

"A saint in crape is twice a saint in lawn"(Vol. viii., p. 102.).—See Pope'sMoral Essays, Ep. 1. l. 136.

F. B—w.

Gibbon's Library(Vol. vii., p. 407.)—West's Portrait of Franklin(Vol. vii., p. 409.).—Gibbon's library was sold at Lausanne in 1833. I have a copy ofLe Théâtre de Marivaux, four volumes 12mo. (Amst. et à Leipzig, 1756), which contains the following MS. note on the fly-leaf of the first volume: "Gibbon's copy, bought at the sale of his library at Lausanne, Sept. 1833.—John Wordsworth." You will find a reference to this gentleman, "N. & Q.," Vol. v., p. 604. About four hundred of Gibbon's books were in the library of the late Rev. Samuel Farmar Jarvis, of Connecticut, who bought them at Lausanne. Among them was Casiri,Bibliotheca Arabico-Hispania. Some of these books had his name,E. Gibbon, printed in them in Roman letters; others had his coat of arms. Dr. Jarvis's library was sold by Lyman and Rawdon in New York on the 14th of October, 1851, for very good prices. I possess Gibbon's copy of Herrera'sAmerica, in English, 6 vols. 8vo.

I think there must be some mistake about the portrait of Dr. Franklin by West, mentioned byyour correspondent H. G. D. I have never heard of butoneportrait by West of Dr. Franklin, and that was painted for my grandfather, Mr. Edward Duffield, one of the executors of the Doctor's will, and sent to him by the Doctor himself. It is now in my possession, in excellent preservation. A short notice of it will be found in the ninth volume of Franklin'sWritings(Sparks's ed.), p. 493.

Edward D. Ingraham.

Walnut Street, Philadelphia.

Derivation of "Island"(Vol. viii., p. 49.).—H. C. K.'s derivation ofislandfromeye, the visual orb, because each are surrounded by water, seems to me so like a banter on etymologists, that I am doubtful whether I ought to notice it; but as our Editor seems, by the space he has given it, to take it as serious, I shall venture to say two or three words upon it. H. C. K. begins by begging the question: he says that "the etymon from the Fr.isle, It.isola, Lat.insula, ismanifestly erroneous." Now I think I can prove—and that by a single word—that it is "manifestly" the true one. I only reverse his order of placing these words; they should stand, the mother first, the children after;insulaLat.,isolaIt.,isleFr., and to them I add mysingle word, which H. C. K. has chosen to ignore altogether,isleEnglish; as,Isleof Wight,Isleof Man,Isleof Thanet,Islesof Arran, &c. This single word, thus supplied, is to my mind a sufficient answer to H. C. K.'s theory, but I may add, as a corroboration, the peculiarity of retaining inspelling, and dropping inpronunciation, thesin the Englishisleandisland, just as it is in the Frenchisleandislot. Indeed the relation between the French and English words is, in this case, notderivationbutidentity. I may also observe that the Scotch and Irish names for an island,inch,innis,ennis—as,Inch-keith,Innis-fallen,Ennis-killen—are "manifestly" derived frominsula, the common parent of all. I half suspect that H. C. K. is a wag, and meant to try whether we should take seriously what he meant asall my eye!

Spur(Vol. vi., pp. 242. 329.).—Tospuris tospere, by Gower writtensper, to search or seek, to inquire into; and your correspondents might have found the word fully treated and illustrated by Jamieson, and more briefly by Richardson. Toaskat church is a common expression, andSpurSunday is merelyAskingSunday.

Bloomsbury.

On the Use of the Hour-glass in Pulpits(Vol. vii., p. 489. Vol. viii., p. 82.).—The complete iron framework of an hour-glass remained affixed to the pulpit of Shelsley Beauchamp Church, Worcestershire, until the restoration of the church, about eight years ago, by the present rector, the Rev. D. Melville, who carefully preserved the hour-glass relic. In order to show how much had been done for the church, I drew interior and exterior views of the old building, with its great dilapidations and unusually monstrous disfigurements, which drawings were hung in the vestry, at the suggestion of the rector, as parish memorials; a proceeding which I think might be copied with advantage in all cases of church restoration. In the one drawing mentioned the hour-glass stand is a conspicuous object.

Cuthbert Bede, B.A.

The following extract is from a tract published by the Cambridge Camden Society, entitledA few hints on the Practical Study of Ecclesiastical Antiquities:

"Hour-glass Stand.A relick of Puritanick times. They are not very uncommon; they generally stand on the right-hand of the pulpit, and are made of iron. Examples Coton, Shepreth. A curious revolving one occurs at Stoke D'Abernon, Surrey, and in St. John Baptist, Bristol, where the hour-glass itself remains. Though a Puritanick innovation, it long kept its place: for Gay in hisPastoralswrites:'He said that Heaven would take her soul no doubt,And spoke thehour-glassin her praise quite out:'and it is depicted by the side of a pulpit in one of Hogarth's paintings."

'He said that Heaven would take her soul no doubt,And spoke thehour-glassin her praise quite out:'

'He said that Heaven would take her soul no doubt,

And spoke thehour-glassin her praise quite out:'

and it is depicted by the side of a pulpit in one of Hogarth's paintings."

I saw, a few weeks ago, an iron hour-glass stand affixed to the pulpit in Odell Church, Beds.

W. P. Storer.

Olney, Bucks.

"The inventorie of all such church goods, etc. ... which the church-wardens [of Great Staughton, co. Hunt.] are and stand charged with. May 31, 1640.[Inter alia.]"Itm. A pulpit standinge in the church, having a cover over the same, and an houre-glasse adjoininge."

"The inventorie of all such church goods, etc. ... which the church-wardens [of Great Staughton, co. Hunt.] are and stand charged with. May 31, 1640.

[Inter alia.]

"Itm. A pulpit standinge in the church, having a cover over the same, and an houre-glasse adjoininge."

Joseph Rix.

St. Neots.

Selling a Wife(Vol. vii., pp. 429. 602.).—There can be no question that this offence is an indictable misdemeanor. I made, at the time, a memorandum of the following case:

"West Riding Yorkshire Sessions, June 28, 1837. Joshua Jackson, convicted of selling his wife, imprisoned for one month with hard labour."

S. R.

Chiswick.

Impossibilities of History(Vol. viii., p. 72.).—St. Bernard, according to Gibbon, lived from 1091 to 1153. Henry I., who did rebel against his father, was twelve years older than the Saint, and ascended the throne at the age of twenty-one in the year 1100, when the Saint was nine years old. The descent from the devil alludes, I should think, to Robert le Diable, the father of the Conqueror. The historian ofThe Tabletfound the authority most probably in some theatrical review or fly-leaf of the libretto.

J. H. L.

Lad and Lass(Vol. vii., p. 56.).—Lass, Hickes (quoted by Lye in Junius) says, was originally written, and is a corruption ofladdess; thus, we may supposeladdess,ladse,lass: andladmay correlate with the Gr. ἀγωγὸς, a leader, so familiar to us in the sneered at pæd-agogue,i. e.the boy-leader. Thelad, from the Anglo-Saxonlædian, to lead (says Junius), is theleăd—"One who, on account of his tender years, is under aleader, a guide, a director."

We apply the common expression "He is yet inleadingstrings" to him who has not strength or courage to go alone, to act independently for himself.

Bloomsbury.

Enough(Vol. vii., p. 455.).—Enough was not, and is not always, nor was it originally, pronouncedenuf. The old way of writing was "ynou, inouh, ynowgh;" and in Gower,enoughis made to rhyme withslough, i. e.sloworslew, the past tense ofslay.Mr. Wrightwill find this to be so by looking into Richardson's quotations. The word, he will see also, was from very early times written, as still not unfrequently pronounced,eneworenow.

Bloomsbury.

History and Antiquities of Newbury.8vo. 1839. 340 pages. Two Copies.

Vancouver's Survey of Hampshire.

Hemingway's History of Chester.Large Paper. Parts I. and III.

Correspondence on the Formation of the Roman Catholic Bible Society.8vo. London, 1813.

Athenæum Journalfor 1844.

Howard Family, Historical Anecdotes of, by Charles Howard. 1769. 12mo.

Tooke's Diversions of Purley.

Nuces Phllosophicæ.by E. Johnson.

Paradise Lost.First Edition.

Sharpe's(Sir Cuthbert)Bishoprick Garland.1834.

Lashley's York Miscellany.1734.

Dibdin's Typographical Antiquities.4to. Vol. II.

Bayley's Londiniana.Vol. II. 1829.

The Scriptural Doctrine of the Trinity Justified.1774.

Parkhurst on the Divinity of Our Saviour.1787.

Berriman's Seasonable Review of Whiston's Doxologies.1719.

——Second Review.1719.

Bishop of London's Letter to Incumbents on Doxologies.26th Dec. 1718.

Bishop Marsh's Speech in the House of Lords, 7th June, 1822.

Hawarden on the Trinity.

——Address to the Senate(Cambridge).

——Commencement Sermon.1813.

Reply to Academicus by a Friend to Dr. Kipling.1802

Ryan's Analysis of Ward's Errata.Dubl. 1808.

Hamilton's Letters on Roman Catholic Bible.Dubl. 1826.

Dicken on the Marginal Renderings of the Bible.

Stephen's Sermon on the Personality of the Holy Ghost.1725. Third edition.

——Union of Natures.1722. Second Edition.

——Eternal Generation.1723. Second Edition.

——Heterodox Hypotheses.1724, or Second Edition.

⁂Correspondents sending Lists of Books wanted are requested to send their names.

⁂ Letters, stating particulars and lowest price,carriage free, to be sent toMr. Bell, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.

Arterushas misunderstood our Notice. Our object was to ascertainwherehe had found the Latin lines which formed the subject of his Query. They shall appear as soon as he has given us such reference.

C. M. I.will see that his wish has been complied with. The others we hope soon. We have not inserted his Note respecting a certain learned Professor, who, we think we can assureC. M. I.,does not belong to the sect which he mentions.

J. N. R.We cannot just now comply with this Correspondent's request, being away from our papers. It shall be attended to at the earliest opportunity.

S. L. P.Clarke'sHeraldry,a small volume published by Routledge, and Porny'sHeraldry,which may be picked up for a few shillings, would probably furnish what our Correspondent desires.

R. W. E.'s offer of the MS. Notes on Shakspeare are declined with thanks, on the grounds stated by our Correspondent, viz. that "they are not calculated to afford much assistance towards the elucidation of difficult passages."

J. C. E.,who writes respecting Milton'sLycidas,is requested to favour us with a full communication on the subject.

F. A.'s Query respecting A. E. I. O. U. in an epitaph was anticipated inVol. iv., p. 22.,which was replied to atp. 132.of the same volume.

J. O.IfJ. H.will send in his letter for this Correspondent, we are now in a position to forward it.

A Subscriber.Le Cardinal d'Ossat was ambassador from Henry III., and afterwards of Henry IV., to the Court of Rome, and his well-known correspondence is one of the classics of diplomacy.

Errata.—Vol. ii., p. 134., 2nd col., for "Hobbes" read "Nabbes."—Vol. vi. p. 502., 2nd col., for "Sir Thos. Browne" read "Tom. Brown."—Vol. viii., p. 40., 2nd col., for "scrakin" read "kraken;" p. 118., 2nd col., for "sounds" read "names."

A few complete sets of"Notes and Queries," Vols. i.tovii.,price Three Guineas and a Half, may now be had, for which early application is desirable.

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THE DOMESTIC ARCHITECTURE OF THE MIDDLE AGES. Vol. II.—THE FOURTEENTH CENTURY. By the Editor of "The Glossary of Architecture."

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