Replies to Minor Queries.

[The manner in which the glass rod is to be used for exciting or developing is very simple, although not easily described. The operator must provide himself with some pieces of thin board, somewhat larger than the paper intended to be used; on one of these two or three folds of blotting-paper are to be laid, and on these the paper intended to be excited, and which is to be kept steady by pins at the top and bottom right-hand corners, and the forefinger of the left hand. The operator, having ready in a small measure about thirty drops of the exciting fluid, takes the glass rod in his right hand, moves it steadily over the paper from the right hand to the left, where he keeps it, while with the left hand he pours the exciting fluid over the side of the glass rod, and moving thisto and froonce or twice to secure an equal portion of the exciting fluid along the whole length of the rod; he then moves the rod from left to right and back again, until he has ascertained that the whole surface is covered, taking care that none of the exciting fluid runs over the side of the paper, as it is then apt to discolour the back of it. When the whole surface has been thoroughly wetted, the superfluous fluid is to be blotted off with a piece of new blotting-paper.]

Wooden Tombs and Effigies(Vol. viii., p. 604.).—In addition to that mentioned by J. E. J., there is a wooden chest in the centre of the chancel of Burford Church, in the county of Salop, with a figure in plated armour on the top; the head resting on a helmet supported by two angels, and at the feet a lion crowned. An ornament of oak leaves runs round the chest, at the edge. This effigy is supposed to represent one of the Cornwall family, the ancient, but now extinct, barons of Burford. As I am preparing, with a view to publication, a history of this very ancient family, with an account of the curious and interesting monuments in Burford and other churches, I should esteem it a favour if any of your correspondents could furnish me with authentic information relative to any members of the family, or of any memorials of them in other churches than those of Worcestershire and Shropshire.

J. B. Whitborne.

Epitaph on Politian(Vol. viii., p. 537.).—Harwood'sAlumni Etonenses,A.D.1530, Hen. VIII., p. 22.:

"Edward Bovington was born at Burnham, and was buried in the chapel. Some member of the College made these lines on him:'Unum caput tres linguas habet,(Res mira!) Bovingtonus.'"

"Edward Bovington was born at Burnham, and was buried in the chapel. Some member of the College made these lines on him:

'Unum caput tres linguas habet,(Res mira!) Bovingtonus.'"

'Unum caput tres linguas habet,

(Res mira!) Bovingtonus.'"

This member must have seen Politian's epitaph.

J. H. L.

Defoe's Quotation from Baxter on Apparitions(Vol. ix., p. 12.).—The story copied byDr. Maitlandfrom Defoe'sLife of Duncan Campbell, is to be found nearly word for word in pp. 60, 61. ofThe Certainty of the Worlds of Spirits fully evinced by the unquestionable Histories of Apparitions, &c., by Richard Baxter, London, 1691. I can trace no mention of the Dr. Beaumont, author of theTreatise of Spirits, unless he be the "eminent apothecary in Henrietta Street, Covent Garden," stated by Nichols (Literary Anecdotes, vol. ix. p. 239.) to be the father of Mr. Beaumont, Registrar of the Royal Humane Society.

Ἁλιεύς.

Dublin.

Barrels Regiment(Vol. viii., p. 620.).—If the song referring to Barrel's regiment was written about 1747, it was not original, but a parody or adaptation of one inThe Devil to Pay, performed as a ballad opera in 1731; and which still maintains its place, if not on the stage, in recent editions of the "acting drama." I have not an old edition of the play, but quote from a collection of songs calledThe Nightingale, London, 1738, p. 232.:

"He that has the best wife,She's the plague of his life;But for her that will scold and will quarrel,Let him cut her off short,Of her meat and her sport,And ten times a day hoop her barrel, brave boys,And ten times a day hoop her barrel."

"He that has the best wife,

She's the plague of his life;

But for her that will scold and will quarrel,

Let him cut her off short,

Of her meat and her sport,

And ten times a day hoop her barrel, brave boys,

And ten times a day hoop her barrel."

May I append a Query to my reply? WasThe Nightingalepublished with a frontispiece? My copy is mutilated, but has belonged to some person who valued it much more highly than I do, as he has neatly repaired and replaced torn leaves and noted deficiencies. Prefixed is a mounted engraving of a bird in the act of singing, which, if intended for a nightingale, is really curious; as it is of the size and shape of a pheasant, with corvine legs and beak, and a wattle round the eye like that of a barb pigeon. The book is "printed and sold by J. Osborn," and shows that the post assigned to him inThe Dunciadwas not worse than he deserved.

H.B.C.

Garrick Club.

[Our correspondent seems to have the veritable original engraving; the nightingale or pheasant, or whatever it may he, is mounted on a branch over a stream near to three houses, and a village on its banks is seen in the distance.]

Sneezing(Vol. viii., pp. 366. 624.).—To the very interesting illustrations given by Mr. Francis Scott of the ancient superstitions associated with sternutation, I should like to add one not less curious than any which he has given. It is recorded in Xenophon'sAnabasis, lib. iii. cap. 2.

At the council of Greek generals, held after the death of Cyrus, Xenophon rose and made a speech. He set before his comrades the treachery of their late associate Ariæus; the serious difficulties attendant upon the position of the Greeks; and the necessity for immediate and vigorous action. Just as he had alluded to the probability of a severe conflict, and had invoked the aid of the gods, one of the companysneezed. He paused for a moment in his harangue, and every one present did reverence (προσεκόνησαν) to Jupiter. The circumstance seemed to give new spirit and fortitude to the whole assembly; and when Xenophon resumed, he said, "Even now, my comrades, while we were talking of safety, Zeus the saviour has sent us an omen; and I think it would become us to offer to the god a sacrifice of thanksgiving for our preservation." He then, in the manner of a modern chairman at Exeter Hall, invited all of that opinion to hold up their hands. This appeal having met a unanimous response, they all made their vows, sung the pæan, and the orator proceeded with his discourse.

The adoration of the god, or the use of some auspicious words or religious formulary, appears to have been designed to avert any evil which might possibly be portended by the omen. It seems by no means certain that it was always regarded as favourable. Xenophon, in the case referred to, contrived very adroitly to turn the incident to good account, and to interpret it as a sign of the divine favour. The form of one of the sentences I have translated—

"Ἐπεὶ περὶσωτηρίαςἡμῶν λεγόντων ὀιωνὸς τοῦ Διὸς τοῦΣωτῆροςἐφάνη."

affords a little illustration of the benediction in current use among the Greeks on such occasions, "Ζεῦσῶσον."

J. G. F.

Does "Wurm," in modern German, ever mean Serpent?(Vol. viii pp. 465. 624.).—F. W. J. is quite right as regards his interpretation of the wordWurm, used by Schiller in hisWallensteinin the passage spoken by Butler.

Wurmis not used in German to mean a serpent. Serpents (Schlangen) are vertebrata, and are therefore not confounded withWürmerby the Germans. The language of the people frames proverbs, not the language of science. The Germans apply the wordWurmto express pity or contempt. The mother says to her sick child, "ArmesWürmchen!" signifying poor, suffering, little creature. Man to man, in order to express contempt, will say "ElenderWurm!" meaning miserable wretch; an application arising out of the contemplation of the helpless state and inferior construction of this division of the animal kingdom. The German proverb corresponds to the English.

C. B. d'O.

Longfellow's Reaper and the Flowers(Vol. viii., p. 583.).—This charge of plagiarism, I think, is not a substantial one. To compare Death to a reaper, and children to flowers, is a very general idea, and may be thought by thousands, andexpressed in nearly the same words which Longfellow, and before him Luisa Reichardt, have used. The first line of the two respective poems are certainly word for word the same, but that is all; although the tendency of both poems is the same. Longfellow's poem is much superior to that of L. Reichardt; for, while the former has a beautiful clothing, colouring, and harmony, the latter is very crude, poor, and defective. Longfellow's long residence in Germany has indeed rendered him very susceptible to the form and spirit of German poetry, and hence there exist in his poems frequently affinities as to general forms and ideas: still, affinities arising from such causes cannot justly be termed plagiarism, much less the accidental choice of a very widely existent, natural thought. When Byron wrote his opening line toThe Bride of Abydos, he did not probably think of Göthe's

"Könnst du das Land wo die Citronen blühen?"

Byron was not a German scholar; and as the opening line is the only analogy between the two poems, we may justly believe it natural for any one who has lived in southern lands, to ask such a question. The charge of plagiarism, I think, ought to rest upon grounds which evince an actual copying.

C. B. d'O.

Charge of Plagiarism against Paley(Vol. viii., p. 589.).—As a personal friend of the gentleman who, under the name ofVeritas, brought, about five years ago, a charge of plagiarism against Paley, I feel called upon to say few words toFiat Just.

Truth cannot be refuted, and F. J. may look at the translation of the old Dutch book of Nieuwentyt's, which he will find in the British Museum library, the same place whereVeritasmade the discovery while examining the works of some continental metaphysicians: andFiat Just.will then no doubt regret having made the rash and illogical observation, "that the accusation be refuted,orthe culprit consigned to that contempt," &c. The character ofVeritasas man, moralist, and scholar, does not deserve so unjust and rash a remark.

The Dutch book, as well as the translation, are very scarce. Five and six copies of the latter could only be found at the time of the discovery in London.

C. B. d'O.

Tin(Vol. viii., p. 593.).—The suggestions of your correspondent S. G. C. are ingenious respecting the etymology ofCassiteros, but a slight examination will show they are erroneous. The Cassi was only one of the many tribes inhabiting Britain in the time of Cæsar, and it is by no means probable that it was able to confer its name upon the entire country, to the exclusion of all the rest; such as the Iceni, the Trinobanti, the Coritani, the Belgæ, and various others too numerous to mention. We must bear in mind that the Phœnicians gave the name of Cassiterides to the British Isles; and that in naming places they invariably called them after some known or supposed quality possessed by them, or from some natural appearance which first arrested their notice: and such was the case in this instance. We learn that it was the common belief in ancient times, that the islands to the west of Europe were shrouded in almost perpetual gloom and darkness; hence the British Isles were called Cassiterides, fromCeas, pronouncedKass, i. e. gloom, darkness, obscurity; andtir, i. e. lands, pluralCeasiterides, i. e. "the islands of darkness." And the tin which the Phœnicians procured from them received the appropriate name of Cassiteros,i. e.the metal from the islands of darkness.

Fras. Crossley.

John Waugh(Vol. viii, pp. 271. 400. 525.; Vol. ix, p. 20.).—The Rev. John Waugh was of Broomsgrove, Worcester, and died unmarried and intestate. Letters of administration of his estate in the province of York were granted Oct. 28, 1777, to his five sisters and co-heiresses, Judith, Isabella, Elizabeth, Mary, and Margaret, spinsters, who all were living at Carlisle; and were unmarried in August, 1792.

Wm. Durrant Cooper.

Rev. Joshua Brooks(Vol. viii., p. 639.).—Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazinefor March, 1821, contains a paper entitled a "Brief Sketch of the Rev. Josiah Streamlet." Under thissobriquet, a few incidents in the life of the Rev. Joshua Brooks are related, which may interest C. (1).

G. D. R.

Hour-glass Stand(Vol. viii., p. 454.).—There is an hour-glass stand attached to the pulpit at Nassington Church, Northants. Nassington is about six miles frown the town of Oundle.

G. R. M.

There is an hour-glass stand in Bishampton Church, Worcestershire.

Cuthbert Bede, B.A.

Teeth Superstition(Vol. viii., p 382.).—My wife, who is a Yorkshire woman, tells me that, whenever she lost a tooth as a child, her nurse used to exhort her to keep her tongue away from the cavity, and then she would have a golden tooth. She speaks of it as a superstition with which she has always been familiar.

Oxoniensis.

Walthamstow.

Dog-whipping Day in Hull(Vol. viii., p. 409.).—This custom obtains, or used to do, in York on St. Luke's Day, Oct. 18, which is there known by the name of "Whip-dog Day." Drake considers the origin of it uncertain and though he is of opinion that it is a very old custom, he does notagree with those who date it as far back as the Romans.

In theHistory of York, vol. i. p. 306., respecting the author of which a Query has appeared in "N. & Q.," Vol. viii., p. 125., the traditional account of its origin is given:

"That in times of Popery, a priest celebrating mass at the festival in some church in York, unfortunately dropped the pix after consecration, which was snatched up suddenly and swallowed by a dog that lay under the table. The profanation of this high mystery occasioned the death of the dog; and a persecution began, and has since continued on this day (St. Luke's), to be severely carried on against all the species in the city."

A very curious whipping custom prevails at Leicester, known by the name of "Whipping Toms," on the afternoon of Shrove Tuesday. It is thus described in Hone'sYear Book, p. 539.:

"In this space (the Newark) several (I think three) men called 'Whipping Toms,' each being armed with a large waggon whip, and attended by another man carrying a bell, claim the right of flogging every person whom they can catch while their attendant bell-man can keep ringing his bell."

Perhaps some one of your correspondents will be able to afford an origin for this odd usage.

R. W. Elliot.

Clifton.

A Spanish lady now resident in England, a member of the Latin Church, mentioned to me, some months since, a custom prevailing in her native land similar to that in Hull described byMr. Richardson. It arose on this wise: Once upon a time, on a high festival of the Church, when there was an exposition of the blessed Sacrament, a dog rushed into the church when the altar was unguarded, and carried off the Host. This deed of the sacrilegious animal filled the Spaniards with such horror, that ever after, on the anniversary of that day, all dogs were beaten and stoned that showed themselves in the streets.

Edward Peacock.

Bottesford Moors.

Mousehunt(Vol. viii., pp. 516. 606.).—I think the inquiry relative to this animal may be satisfactorily answered by the following quotation from a very excellent and learned work, entitledA Natural History of British and Foreign Quadrupeds, containing many Original Observations and Anecdotes, by James H. Fennell, 8vo., London, 1841:

"The Beech Marten is theMartes foinaof modern zoologists, theMartes Fagorumof Ray, theMartes Saxorumof Klein, theMustela Martesof Linnæus, and theMustela foinaof Gmelin. Its English synonymes are not less numerous; for, besides Beech Marten, it is called Stone Marten, Martern, Marteron, Martlett, andMousehunt. The last name I insert on the authority of Henley, thee dramatic commentator, who says it is the animal to which 'charming Willie Shakspeare' thus alludes inRomeo and Juliet:'Capulet.I have watch'd ere nowAll night——Lady Capulet.Ay, thou have been amouse-huntinyour time.'—Act IV. Sc. 4."In Knight'sPictorial Edition of Romeo and Juliet(1839), this and many other terms equally requiring explanation are left quite unelucidated; though one picture of this saidmouse-huntwould doubtless have been more assistant to the professed object of the work than the two unnecessary pictures it contains of certain winged monstrosities called Cupids."—P. 106.

'Capulet.I have watch'd ere nowAll night——Lady Capulet.Ay, thou have been amouse-huntinyour time.'—Act IV. Sc. 4.

'Capulet.I have watch'd ere now

All night——

Lady Capulet.Ay, thou have been amouse-huntin

your time.'—Act IV. Sc. 4.

"In Knight'sPictorial Edition of Romeo and Juliet(1839), this and many other terms equally requiring explanation are left quite unelucidated; though one picture of this saidmouse-huntwould doubtless have been more assistant to the professed object of the work than the two unnecessary pictures it contains of certain winged monstrosities called Cupids."—P. 106.

Mr. Fennell goes on to state, that the Beech Marten (aliasMousehunt) inhabits the woods and forests of most parts of Europe, seldom quitting them except in its nocturnal excursions; and he adds that—

"TheBeech Martendoes sometimes, in the Highlands of Scotland, where it is common, and calledTuggin, take to killing lambs, and makes sad havoc. Luckily, however, it is nearly exterminated in the south of that country. In Selkirkshire, it has been observed to descend to the shore at night time to feed upon mollusks, particularly upon the large Basket Mussel (Mytilus modiolus). But the ordinary prey of both this and the Pine Marten appears to the hares, rabbits, squirrels, moles, rats,mice; game birds; turkeys, pigeons, and other domestic poultry, and also the wild singing birds."—P. 109.

In the above work Mr. Fennell has given many other interesting zoological elucidations of Shakspeare, and of various other ancient poets.

G. Tennyson.

Rickmansworth.

St. Paul's School Library(Vol. viii., p. 641.).—A catalogue of the library was privately printed in 1836, 8vo. It is nominally under the care of the captain of the school, who, having his own duties to attend to, cannot be expected to pay much attention to it: this readily accounts for the disorder said to prevail.

It is believed to contain the copy ofVegetius de re militari, the perusal of which by Marlborough, when a pupil at the school, imbued him with that love for military science he in after-life so successfully cultivated.

It would be a good deed on the part of the wealthy company, the trustees of Colet's noble foundation, to enlarge the library and pay a salary to a librarian; it might thus become a useful appendage to the school, and under certain regulations be made accessible to the vicinity.

W. A.

German Tree(Vol. viii., p. 619.).—In answer to the inquiry ofZeus, who wishes to be informed whether this custom was known in England previous to 1836, I beg to refer him to Coleridge'sFriend, second landing-place, essay iii. (vol. ii.p. 249.), entitled "Christmas within doors in the north of Germany." The passage (apparently from Coleridge's journal) is dated "Ratzeburg, 1799." It is, I think, also extracted in Knight'sHalf-hours with the best Authors. Coleridge went to Germany in 1798 (Biog. Lit., vol. i. p. 211. note); but I imagine the passage I refer to did not appear till 1818, whenThe Friendwas published in three volumes (Biog. Lit., vol. ii. p. 420.). As the book is so common, I do not think it worth while to copy out the account.Zeushas by this time, I hope, had a Christmas Yggdrasil in his Olympus.

Eryx.

Derivation of the Word "Cash"(Vol. viii., p. 386.).—May not the wordcashbe connected with the Chinese coin bearing that name, which Mr. Martin, in his work on China (vol. i. p. 176.), describes as being—

"The smallest coin in the world, there being about 1000 to 1500 (cash) in a dollar,i. e.one-fifth to one-seventh of a farthing."

If I am not mistaken, the coin in question is perforated in the centre to permit numbers of the pieces being strung together, payments being made in so many strings of cash.

W. W. E. T.

66. Warwick Square, Belgravia.

The Poetical Works of John Dryden, edited by Robert Bell, Vol. I., is the first of what is proposed to be a revised and carefully annotated edition of the English Poets, which is intended to supply what the publisher believes to be an existing want, namely, "a Complete Body of English Poetry, edited throughout with judgment and integrity, and combining those features of research, typographical elegance, and economy of price, which the present age demands." Certainly, half-a-crown a volume fulfils the latter requirement in an extraordinary manner; and there can be little doubt that if the other essentials be as strictly fulfilled, and the collection embraces, as it is intended, not only the works of several poets who have been entirely omitted from previous collections, but those stores of lyrical and ballad poetry in which our literature is so preeminently rich,The Annotated Edition of the English Poetswill meet with that extensive sale to which alone the publisher can look for remuneration.

The Museum of Science and Art, edited by Dr. Lardner, is intended to supply a collection of instructive tracts and essays, composed in a popular and amusing style, and in easy language, on the leading discoveries in the Physical Sciences: so that persons, whose occupations exclude the possibility of systematic study, may in their short hours of leisure obtain a considerable amount of information on subjects of the highest interest. This design is extremely well carried out in the first four numbers, which are devoted to—I. and II. The Planets: Are they Inhabited Worlds? III. Weather Prognostics; and IV. Popular Fallacies. The introduction of details and incidents, which could not with propriety be introduced into works of a purely scientific character, give great variety and interest to the different papers.

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Revocation of the Edict of Nantes.—We cannot better rectify the error, natural error we had almost said, into whichMr. Macrayhas fallen, than by printing entire the following communication:

"British Museum,Jan. 17, 1854."Sir,"An extremely clever and interesting review of Pineton de Chambrun'sHistory of the Persecutions of the Protestants by the French King in the Principality of Orangeappeared in theJournal des Débatsof the 30th Nov. last. This article is dated from the British Museum (in the reading room of which establishment it may very probably have been written), and signedWilliam Jones. As I am the only person in the British Museum bearing the surname of Jones, the article has been attributed to me, in very courteous terms, by a correspondent of the "N. & Q." As I cannot claim the merit of being the writer, I beg to place this correction ofMr. Macray'svery natural mistake in your hands, to be used in such manner as you may think proper."I have the honour to be, Sir,"Your very obedient servant,"J. Winter Jones."

"British Museum,Jan. 17, 1854.

"British Museum,

Jan. 17, 1854.

"Sir,

"An extremely clever and interesting review of Pineton de Chambrun'sHistory of the Persecutions of the Protestants by the French King in the Principality of Orangeappeared in theJournal des Débatsof the 30th Nov. last. This article is dated from the British Museum (in the reading room of which establishment it may very probably have been written), and signedWilliam Jones. As I am the only person in the British Museum bearing the surname of Jones, the article has been attributed to me, in very courteous terms, by a correspondent of the "N. & Q." As I cannot claim the merit of being the writer, I beg to place this correction ofMr. Macray'svery natural mistake in your hands, to be used in such manner as you may think proper.

"I have the honour to be, Sir,"Your very obedient servant,"J. Winter Jones."

"I have the honour to be, Sir,

"Your very obedient servant,

"J. Winter Jones."

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THE CHRISTIAN REMEMBRANCER, No. LXXXIII., for JANUARY, 1854.

Contents.1. Census of Great Britain, 1851.2. St. Alfonso de Liguori's Theory of Truthfulness.3. The French Pulpit and the Court of Louis XIV.4. Bishop Kaye on the Council of Nicæa.5. Alison's Europe from the Fall of Napoleon.6. Maurice's Theological Essays.7. Notices of New Books, Pamphlets, &c.

Contents.

1. Census of Great Britain, 1851.2. St. Alfonso de Liguori's Theory of Truthfulness.3. The French Pulpit and the Court of Louis XIV.4. Bishop Kaye on the Council of Nicæa.5. Alison's Europe from the Fall of Napoleon.6. Maurice's Theological Essays.7. Notices of New Books, Pamphlets, &c.

1. Census of Great Britain, 1851.

2. St. Alfonso de Liguori's Theory of Truthfulness.

3. The French Pulpit and the Court of Louis XIV.

4. Bishop Kaye on the Council of Nicæa.

5. Alison's Europe from the Fall of Napoleon.

6. Maurice's Theological Essays.

7. Notices of New Books, Pamphlets, &c.

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REDUCTION IN PRICE of FRENCH PAPERS prepared for MONS. LE GRAY'S Process.—Examination of the Papers, and comparison with the Prices hitherto charged for the same description, is respectfully solicited, combined with a hope that, as the most careful Selection and Chemical Manipulation has been observed, the endeavour (by reducing their cost) to extend this beautiful and already extensively applied branch of Photographic Art, may secure a portion of public patronage. Canson Frères' Waxed Negative, 6s. per quire; Iodised ditto, 8s. 6d.; Sensitive, available for three weeks, 13s. Size, 17½ by 11½, demy folio. Specimens of either Papers sent Free on receipt of the Postage (10 Stamps) between boards. Address, post paid, to LUKE SAMS, 7. Adelphi Chambers, facing the Society of Arts, Adelphi, London.

For Family Reading.

BLENCOWE'S PLAIN SERMONS. First Series, fourth edition; Second Series, third edition; Third Series. Sold separately, at 7s.6d.per volume. These plain and short discourses have been found to be peculiarly suited for reading aloud in families and to the sick, on account of their simple and affectionate style, and the interesting and practical manner in which religious truths are inculcated. The publisher desires to point out their usefulness in these respects, having reason to believe that their circulation has hitherto been chiefly among the clergy, and that they are still comparatively little known to the laity.

London: GEORGE BELL. 186. (near St. Dunstan's Church) Fleet Street.

THE ENGLISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATION. Continued Monthly. Price 6d., or stamped 7d.

Contents of January Number.On Making Grammar Schools more available as Middle Schools.On Teaching Modern Languages.On the Introduction of Practical Science into Higher Schools.The Elegies of Propertius. By F. A. Paley.School Atlases of Ancient Geography.Notices of Books.

Contents of January Number.

On Making Grammar Schools more available as Middle Schools.On Teaching Modern Languages.On the Introduction of Practical Science into Higher Schools.The Elegies of Propertius. By F. A. Paley.School Atlases of Ancient Geography.Notices of Books.

On Making Grammar Schools more available as Middle Schools.

On Teaching Modern Languages.

On the Introduction of Practical Science into Higher Schools.

The Elegies of Propertius. By F. A. Paley.

School Atlases of Ancient Geography.

Notices of Books.

A Specimen on Receipt of Seven Stamps.

GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.

Valuable Illustrated Books at Reduced Prices.

ROBERTS' HOLY LAND. 250 Plates. 16l.16s.Published at 41 guineas.

DIGBY WYATT'S INDUSTRIAL ARTS OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY. 160 Plates. 2 vols. folio. half-bound morocco. 10l.10s.Published at 17l.17s.

DIGBY WYATT'S METAL WORK, and its ARTISTIC DESIGN. 50 Plates. Folio, half-bound morocco. 3l.3s.Published at 6l.6s.

London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.

BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION, No. 1. Class X., in Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all Climates, may now be had at the MANUFACTORY. 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold London-made Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 4 guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, 10, and 8 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior Lever, with Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's Pocket Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch skilfully examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, 2l., 3l., and 4l.Thermometers from 1s.each.

BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, the Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen.

65. CHEAPSIDE.

HEAL & SON'S EIDER DOWN QUILT is the warmest, the lightest, and the most elegant Covering for the Bed, the Couch, or the Carriage; and for Invalids, its comfort cannot be too highly appreciated. It is made in Three Varieties, of which a large Assortment can be seen at their Establishment. List of Prices of the above, together with the Catalogue of Bedsteads, sent Free by Post.

HEAL & SON, Bedstead and Bedding Manufacturers, 196. Tottenham Court Road.

3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON.

Founded A.D. 1842.

Directors.

Trustees.—W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq.,T. Grissell, Esq.Physician.—William Rich. Basham, M.D.Bankers.—Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross.

VALUABLE PRIVILEGE.

POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application to suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed in the Prospectus.

Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in three-fourths of the Profits:—

ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary.

Now ready, price 10s.6d., Second Edition, with material additions, INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE ON BENEFIT BUILDING SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land Investment, exemplified in the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3. Parliament Street, London.

52. Chancery Lane, London.

———

Subscribed Capital, ONE MILLION.

———

This Society Presents the Following Advantages:

The Security of a Subscribed Capital of ONE MILLION.

Exemption of the Assured from all Liability.

Premiums affording particular advantages to Young Lives.

Participating and Non-Participating Premiums.

In the former EIGHTY PER CENT. or FOUR-FIFTHS of the Profits are divided amongst the Assured Triennially, either by way of addition to the sum assured, or in diminution of Premium, at their option.

No deduction is made from the four-fifths of the profits for Interest on Capital, for a Guarantee Fund, or on any other account.

POLICIES FREE OF STAMP DUTY and INDISPUTABLE, except in case of fraud.

At the General Meeting on the 31st May last, A BONUS was declared of nearly Two Per Cent. per annum on theamount assuredor at the rate of from THIRTY to upwards of SIXTY per cent. on thePremiums paid.

POLICIES share in the Profits, even if ONE PREMIUM ONLY has been paid.

Next DIVISION OF PROFITS in 1856.

The Directors meet on Thursdays at 2 o'Clock. Assurances may be effected by applying on any other day between the hours of 10 and 4, at the Office of the Society, where prospectuses and all other requisite information can be obtained.

CHARLES JOHN GILL, Secretary.

XYLO-IODIDE OF SILVER, exclusively used at all the Photographic Establishments.—The superiority of this preparation is now universally acknowledged. Testimonials from the best Photographers and principal scientific men of the day, warrant the assertion, that hitherto no preparation has been discovered which produces uniformly such perfect pictures, combined with the greatest rapidity of action. In all cases where a quantity is required, the two solutions may be had at Wholesale price in separate Bottles, in which state it may be kept for years, and Exported to any Climate. Full instructions for use.

Caution.—Each Bottle is Stamped with a Red Label bearing my name, RICHARD W. THOMAS, Chemist, 10. Pall Mall, to counterfeit which is felony.

CYANOGEN SOAP: for removing all kinds of Photographic Stains. The Genuine is made only by the Inventor, and is secured with a Red Label bearing this Signature and Address, RICHARD W. THOMAS, CHEMIST, 10. PALL MALL, Manufacturer of Pure Photographic Chemicals: and may be procured of all respectable Chemists, in Pots at 1s., 2s., and 3s.6d.each, through MESSRS. EDWARDS, 67. St. Paul's Churchyard; and MESSRS. BARCLAY & CO., 95. Farringdon Street, Wholesale Agents.

COUNTY FIRE OFFICE, 50. REGENT STREET, and 2. ROYAL EXCHANGE BUILDINGS, LONDON.—Established 1806.

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