Miscellaneous.

[The following is a copy of the epitaph:"Nobles and heralds, by your leave,Here lies what once was Matthew Prior,The son of Adam and of Eve;Can Bourbon or Nassau claim higher?"]

[The following is a copy of the epitaph:

"Nobles and heralds, by your leave,Here lies what once was Matthew Prior,The son of Adam and of Eve;Can Bourbon or Nassau claim higher?"]

"Nobles and heralds, by your leave,

Here lies what once was Matthew Prior,

The son of Adam and of Eve;

Can Bourbon or Nassau claim higher?"]

Handwriting(Vol. viii., p. 639.).—In your concluding Number of last year, E. B. requested information as to any work in English, French, German, or Spanish, giving a standard alphabet for the various kinds of writing now in use, with directions for teaching the same. I fear I shall not satisfy all your correspondent's inquiries; but the following may be of some service. I have in my possession a German work, nearly of the kind he requires. The title is,Gründliche Anweisung zum Schönschreiben, by Martin Schüssler, Wiesbaden, 1820. It is of an oblong shape, and consists entirely of engraved plates, in number thirty-two. It begins with some directions for the formand inclination of letters; then follows an explanation of five rules for writing, which are given in the German handwriting. After exhausting the German, the author proceeds to English letters and handwriting, followed by engrossing hand. Then he gives thefractur, or black-letter characters, with some elaborate and beautiful capitals. He next gives specimens of French handwriting, and ends with Greek current hand, and plates of large capitals of ornamental patterns; all different.

If this work would at all answer the purpose of E. B., and he would wish to see it, it shall be sent to him by post on his giving his address to the writer, whose card is enclosed.

F. C. H.

I have in my possession for sale, a scarce old work, folio, a good clean copy of Geo. Bickman'sUniversal Penman, 1733; with numerous engravings.

D. H. Strahan.

10. Winsly Street, Oxford Street.

"Begging the Question" (Vol. viii., p. 640.; Vol. ix., p. 136.).—It may interest your logical readers to be informed of the fact that this fallacy was called thepetition of the principle, this being, of course, a literal rendering of the Latin phrase. The earliest English work on logic in which I have found this Latinism is,The Arte of Logike, plainelie set foorth in our English Tongue, easie both to be understoode and practised, 1584. Here occurs the following passage:

"Now of the default of Logike, called Sophisme. It is eyther { Generall. } / { Speciall. } The generall are those which cannot be referred to any part of Logike. They are eyther { Begging of the question, called the petition of the principle. } / { Bragging of no proof. } Begging of the question is when nothing is brought to prooue, but the question, or that which is as doubtfull."

C. Mansfield Ingleby.

Birmingham.

When and where does Sunday begin or end?(Vol. ix., p. 198.).—The Christian festival, commonly called Sunday, named by the ancient church "The Lord's Day," because that thereon the resurrection was accomplished, and the new creation, the work of Messias, commenced, this feast, I say, begins at six o'clock in the evening of Saturday, the last day of the week, at the close of that Hebrew fast; and the end of Sunday arrives at six o'clock in the evening of that first day of the week. When time was measured out, the count began with "the evening," which was created first; and which, with the succeeding morning, reckoned as the first day.

H. of Morwenstow.

This question has been, to a certain extent, before debated by Mr. Johnson in his addenda to hisClergyman's Vade Mecum, pp. 106, 107., andEcclesiastical Law, as quoted by Wheatly, who combated his reasoning of Sunday beginning at six o'clock on the Saturday evening. Johnson rests his argument upon Deuteronomy xvi. 6., where the sacrifice of the passover is ordered "at even, on the going down of the sun;" upon Exodus xii. 6., where the whole "congregation of Israel shall kill it in the evening;" and I think he might have also taken Genesis i. 5., "And the evening and the morning were the first day." Johnson says that

"The Church of England has divided her nights and days according to the Scriptural, not the civil account: and that though our civil day begins from midnight, yet our ecclesiastical day begins at six in the evening.... The proper time for vesper, or evening song, is six of the clock, and from that time the religious day begins."

Wheatly admits that "the festival is not past till evensong is ended," but does not agree to its commencing on the preceding evensong; for if it does, he cannot reconcile the rubric at the end of the Table of Vigils.

On the whole, I think Johnson has the best of the argument: and that Sunday begins ecclesiastically at six in the evening on Saturday; civilly, at midnight.

R. J. S.

Precious Stones(Vol. viii., p. 539.; Vol. ix., pp. 37. 88.).—Respecting precious stones, some information may be gleaned from the notes to Sir John Hill's translation of Theophrastus'History of Stones(8vo., 2nd edit., London, 1774).

J. M.

Oxford.

Scotch Grievance(Vol. ix., p. 160.).—Your correspondents refer to coins of a period when the Scotch do not complain. Their grievance, as alleged, is as to the mode of bearing the lionsincethe Union in 1707; to which the instances quoted, between the time of James I. and William III., have no reference.

"Corporations have no Souls," &c.(Vol. viii, p. 587.).—The following, which I extract from Hone'sTable-Book, is probably the remark to which your correspondent B. alludes:

"Mr. Howel Walsh, in a corporation case tried at the Tralee assizes, observed that a corporation cannot blush. It was a body, it was true; had certainly a head—a new one every year—an annual acquisition of intelligence in every new lord mayor. Arms he supposed it had, and long ones too, for it could reach at anything. Legs, of course, when it made such long strides. A throat to swallow the rights of the community, and a stomach to digest them! But who ever yet discovered, in the anatomy of any corporation, either bowels or a heart?"

Henry H. Breen.

St. Lucia.

Devereux Bowly(Vol. ix., p. 173.).—In reply toUneda'sinquiry, Devereux Bowly, watchmaker, of Lombard Street, London, died Mar. 15, 1773, in his seventy-eighth year.

He was a member of the Society of Friends, and being at the time of his decease a widower, and without family, he left a large portion of his property to their school, then at Clerkenwell, in the neighbourhood of which he resided.

T. S. N.

Reversible Names(Vol. viii., pp. 244. 655.).—There is a gentleman in this island who bears the name and surname ofXuaved Devaux, which are mutually reversible.

Henry H. Breen.

St. Lucia.

Your correspondentBalliolensis, in speaking of reversible or palindromic English names, seems to have overlooked the names ofHannahandAnna.

Duval Family(Vol. viii., pp. 318. 423.).—A grant was made by the crown in Ireland on the 4th July, 1 James II., to Garret Wall,aliasDuvall, sen., Esq.; Garret Wall,aliasDuvall, jun.; Jas. Wall,aliasDuvall; and Michael Wall of the manor, town, and lands of Culenemucky, co. Waterford.

J. F. Ferguson.

Member of Parliament electing Himself(Vol. viii., p. 536.).—In the article forwarded by H. M. are many gross errors. William M‘Leod Bannatyne, Esq., was Sheriff of Buteshire from Dec. 22, 1775, till May 28, 1799; during which period there were only two county elections in Buteshire, viz. April 22, 1784, and June 27, 1796 (the counties of Bute and Caithness being represented only in alternate parliaments), and onneitherof those occasions was he thesolefreeholder present. The statement in question can therefore only refer to the election on Nov. 13, 1806, when, owing to some accidental circumstances, he was the only freeholder present. In 1799 he was raised to the Bench of the Court of Session by the title of Lord Bannatyne; and consequently he neitherdidnorcouldact as sheriff seven years after he ceased to hold that office. It is true that, as a technical formality, he nominated himself chairman of the meeting to enable him to sign the minute of the election in that capacity; but it isnot truethat he either administered the oaths to himself, or signed the return of the election as sheriff. I was then a lad, and was present as a spectator on that occasion, when I saw Mr. Blain the sheriff-substitute administer the oaths to Lord Bannatyne; and, of course, Mr. Blain also made the election return, certifying that "the Honorable James Stuart Wortley Mackenzie of Rosehaugh, &c. (a relation of the family of Bute) had been duly elected." Thus you see that the title of the article is quite erroneous, and is not even borne out by the original account, as the freeholder did not electhimself, but another person; and he did not act in any other capacity than that of a freeholder: the case being extraordinary enough of onlyonefreeholder attending at a county election, without the addition of those marvellous circumstances.

J. M‘K.

Gresebrok, in Yorkshire(Vol. viii., p. 389.).—To assist your correspondentἩραλδικος, I may tell him that the family he inquires about now resides at Horton Castle and Audenham in Staffordshire. Many years ago, when I took some interest in genealogy, I had the pleasure of being a guest of this family; and I then heard it said, that they could trace a very ancient and brilliant line from one Osbert, who married a great heiress at the Conquest, and that they were direct descendants of the ancient kings of England. Some of Mr. Burke's publications I think would assistἩραλδικος; not having them by me, I cannot give the exact reference; but some months ago I saw, either in theLanded Gentry, or in theVisitations, a note of the family.[6]But I think, if your correspondent could by any means see Mr. Grazebrook's papers (as above noted), he would obtain all the particulars he may require.

Hospes.

Charlotte Street, London.

Footnote 6:(return)Ferdinando Smith, Esq., of Halesowen, born March 26, 1779, a magistrate and deputy-lieutenant, and Lieut.-Colonel of the Worcester Militia, married first, in July, 1802, Eloisa Knudson, who dieds. p.Sept. 14, 1805; and, secondly, Oct. 5, 1830, Elizabeth, fourth daughter of Michael Grazebrook, Esq., of Audnam, co. Stafford, by whom he left two surviving sons, Ferdinando Dudley Lea, now of Halesowen, and William Lea, born Feb. 27, 1836. Colonel Smith died July 20, 1841.—Burke'sLanded Gentry, p. 1248.—Ed.

Ferdinando Smith, Esq., of Halesowen, born March 26, 1779, a magistrate and deputy-lieutenant, and Lieut.-Colonel of the Worcester Militia, married first, in July, 1802, Eloisa Knudson, who dieds. p.Sept. 14, 1805; and, secondly, Oct. 5, 1830, Elizabeth, fourth daughter of Michael Grazebrook, Esq., of Audnam, co. Stafford, by whom he left two surviving sons, Ferdinando Dudley Lea, now of Halesowen, and William Lea, born Feb. 27, 1836. Colonel Smith died July 20, 1841.—Burke'sLanded Gentry, p. 1248.—Ed.

Sir Anthony Fitzherbert not Chief Justice(Vol. viii., pp. 576. 631.).—The accompanying extract will resolve the difficulty which M. W. R. proposes:

"But here our author objects against himself: That once upon a time the archbishop called a synod by his own authority, without the king's licence; and was thereupon prohibited by Fitzherbert, Lord Chief Justice; but the archbishop regarded not his prohibition. What this is to his purpose I cannot tell, nor do I see wherefore he brought it in, unless it were to blame Rolle for quoting Speed for it. And therefore, in behalf of both, I shall take the liberty to say thus much. That I know not what harm it is for a man in his own private collections—for such Rolle'sAbridgmentwas, though afterwards thought worthy of a public view—to note a memorable passage of history, and make a remark of his own upon it, out of one of the most faithful and judicious of all our modern historians."I have before taken notice of this passage, and that not from Speed, but from Roger Hoveden; fromwhom I suppose Speed may also have taken the relation. I shall therefore only beg to set this gentleman, to whom all our historians are I doubt equally unknown, right in two particulars; by telling him, thatneither was Fitzherbert the man who prohibited the archbishop, neither was he Chief Justice when he did it. His name was Geoffrey Fitz-Peter.He was Earl of Essex, and a very eminent man in those days; and his place was much greater than this author represents it; even Lord Justice of England, which he was first made by King Richard, anno 1198; and held in the King's absence to his death, anno 1213; in which year King John, going over into France, constituted Peter, Bishop of Winchester, Lord Justice in his place."—Wake'sAuthority of Christian Princes asserted, pp. 284-6.

"I have before taken notice of this passage, and that not from Speed, but from Roger Hoveden; fromwhom I suppose Speed may also have taken the relation. I shall therefore only beg to set this gentleman, to whom all our historians are I doubt equally unknown, right in two particulars; by telling him, thatneither was Fitzherbert the man who prohibited the archbishop, neither was he Chief Justice when he did it. His name was Geoffrey Fitz-Peter.He was Earl of Essex, and a very eminent man in those days; and his place was much greater than this author represents it; even Lord Justice of England, which he was first made by King Richard, anno 1198; and held in the King's absence to his death, anno 1213; in which year King John, going over into France, constituted Peter, Bishop of Winchester, Lord Justice in his place."—Wake'sAuthority of Christian Princes asserted, pp. 284-6.

Wm. Fraser, B.C.L.

Tor-Mohun.

The Privileges of the See of Canterbury(Vol. viii., p. 56.).—As no one has yet volunteered to solveMr. Fraser'squestion, How the letter of Pope Boniface ordaining that,however human circumstances might be changed, the city of Canterbury should ever thereafter be esteemed the metropolitan see, can be reconciled with the creation of the archiepiscopal see of Westminster,—I may suggest as a solution this maxim:

"Nihil tam conveniens est naturali æquitati, unumquodque dissolvi eo ligamine quo ligatum est."

It is possible, too, that Pope Pius IX. may have considered that a case had arisen for applying this principle,—

"Necessitas publica major est quam privata."

But be this as it may (and you will excuse me in observing, by the way, that I do not concur in the correctness of this hypothetical view if taken by his holiness), I hope we shall hear fromMr. Fraserwhether the former of the above maxims has been effectual to remove his difficulties, which, as I presume from their insertion in "N. & Q.," are not of a purely theological nature.

Respondens.

Chauncy or Chancy(Vol. ix., p. 126.).—Your correspondent J. Y. will find an account of Charles Chauncey, B.D., and Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, born in 1589, and died in 1671, in vol. iii. p. 451. of Brook'sLives of the Puritans. See also Chalmers'sBiographical Dictionary.

Ἁλιεύς

Dublin.

"Three cats," &c.(Vol. ix., P. 173.).-Miss Bockettwishes for the remainder of the "old ballad" beginning with "Three cats;" and I beg to inform her, that there never was any more than what she mentions. The object of the singer was, to cause fun by an elaborately modulated cadenza on the wordcoal-dust, and then to call on the company to join in chorus. He next continued with some significant word, as "notwithstanding;" and, after a pause of some bars rest, he went on with "Three cats," as before,ad infinitum, changing the initial word each time. It required some tact to give it effect; but, if sung by a clever humorist, was sure to keep the room in a roar of laughter. But its day is gone by.

Grimalkin.

Halliwell, in hisCollection of Nursery Rhymes, does not mention "Three cats by the fire-side," &c.; but I have in my possession several not named by him, and "Three cats," &c. amongst the number, which I have much pleasure in transcribing for the benefit ofJulia R. Bockett'sancient friend:

"Three cats sat by the fire-side,In a basket full of coal-dust,One cat said to the otherIn fun, pell mell, 'Queen Anne's dead.''Is she,' said Grimalkin, 'then I'll reign queen in her stead,'Then up, up, up, they flew up the chimney."

"Three cats sat by the fire-side,

In a basket full of coal-dust,

One cat said to the other

In fun, pell mell, 'Queen Anne's dead.'

'Is she,' said Grimalkin, 'then I'll reign queen in her stead,'

Then up, up, up, they flew up the chimney."

Anon.

Probably this is the song of "The Turnspits:"

"Two little dogs sat by the fire-side,In a basket full of coal-dust;Says one little dog to the other little dog,'If you don't go in, I must.'"

"Two little dogs sat by the fire-side,

In a basket full of coal-dust;

Says one little dog to the other little dog,

'If you don't go in, I must.'"

N.B.—Into the wheel.

Smokejack.

Officers of Charles I.(Vol. ix., p. 74.).—Sir T. Metcalfementions, as among the "curious stray sheets" in his possession, "a list of all the gentlemen and officers who fell in the cause of Charles I." As I have long wished to see a list of King Charles's officers, but have never, as yet, met with anything like a complete catalogue of those who fell, or of those who survived, it would be interesting to me, as I doubt not it would be interesting to many of your readers, to see this "curious stray sheet" transferred to the pages of "N. & Q."

Can you refer me to any published, or otherwise accessible, list of the officers who foughtagainstCharles I., whether by sea or land?

Is there any printed list of officers at the time of the Restoration?

* *

D. O. M.(Vol. iii., p. 173.; Vol. ix., p. 137.).—Would R. W. D. state his reasons for rendering these letters "Datur omnibus mori?" Such an inscription would of course beà proposin the case of a tombstone; but the ordinary interpretation, "Deo Optimo Maximo," would likewise be fitting, and it is not probable that the same initials should have two distinct meanings.

W. M. N.

Whitewashing in Churches(Vol. ix., p. 148.).—Mr. Hudson Turner informs us (DomesticArchitecture in England, vol. i. p. 246.) that as early as the thirteenth century the practice of the whitewashing buildings was universal; and that "the process, so vehemently denounced by modern antiquaries, was liberally applied also to ecclesiastical edifices."

William Kelly.

Leicester.

Mr. Hudson Turner says:

"We are not to consider the practice of whitewashing stonework as a vice peculiar to modern times. Our ancestors had as great an objection to the natural surface of stone, whether in churches or other buildings, as any church wardens or bricklayers of the nineteenth century. Several writs of Henry III. are extant, directing the Norman Chapel in the Tower to be whitewashed. Westminster Hall was whitewashed for the coronation of Edward I.; and many other ancient examples might be cited. In fact it seems to have been the rule to plaster ordinary stonework."—Domestic Architecture in England, p. xxvi.

A far earlier instance of the practice appears in Deuteronomy xxvii. 2.

K's question, however, is scarcely answered by the above, as it cannot be supposed that delicate sculpture was clogged with whitewash until it became obnoxious on religious grounds.

C. R. M.

Enfield Church(Vol. viii., p. 352.).—Your correspondent is quite wrong as to the date of this building. The nave is separated from the north and south aisles by an arcade of five arches of undoubted Middle Pointed work; not later than the beginning of the fourteenth century, to which date also belongs the east window of the chancel: the "clere-story," which has the device of a rose and wing (notring), is probably of the date assigned to the whole church by your correspondent. The south aisle was much altered about forty years ago, the windows of which are a bad imitation of those in the north aisle. In making alterations to the chancel in 1852 the piscina, and a portion of the sedilia, a drawing of which is given inThe Builder, vol. x. p. 797., with a window over, were brought to light. They belong to the First Pointed period, or about the latter part of the twelfth century; clearly showing that a portion, at least, of the church is of the last-mentioned date.

I have always understood that the wing and rose, on the walls of the clere-story, was the cognizance of Abbot Wingrose of Waltham.

Jas. P. St. Aubyn.

Coin of Carausius(Vol. ix., p. 148).—C. G. is right in considering his coin as of Carausius, who reigned from 1040 to 1046A.U.C.I would suggestP. F.for Pius Felix, as preferable toP. P.

The dates will show that the lettersMLXXIhave nothing to do with the year 1071. On other coins of Carausius we find the signsML,Moneta Londinensis, orMoneta Londini(percussa); andMSL,Moneta signata Londini. These interpretations are justified by analogy with the Roman coins, and by the signs on coins of Constantine,MSL, which must be interpreted as on the coins of Carausius,MLON, andMLN,Moneta Londini(percussa). The abbreviationLNforLONis analogous toRVforRavenna, which is undoubted.

As for the lettersXXI, they occur very frequently, either alone or with others, on coins of Aurelian and his successors. They have evidently relation to the value of the coin, and are replaced by the Greek lettersΚΑ, which have the same numerical value, on coins of Diocletian, &c. As analogous signs, I may quoteLXXIIandOB, the corresponding Greek letters, on amei respectively of Constantine and Valentinian, showing theameus=1⁄72of a pound;LXon silver coins of Constantius =1⁄60of a pound; andXCVIon denarii of Diocletian =1⁄96of a pound.

It has not yet been explained, however, in what relation these copper coins stood to the others, so as to justify theXXI, unless Mommsen may have done so in a book I have not seen,Ueber den Verfall des Münzwesens in der Kaiserzeit, 1851. See for the particulars of the above-cited coins, Pinder and Friedländer'sBeiträge zur Münzkunde, p. 17. and following.

W. H. Scott.

Torquay.

Society for Burning the Dead(Vol. ix., p. 76.).—

"The Pioneer Metropolitan Association for Promoting the Practice of Decomposing the Dead by the Agency of Fire. W. H. Newman, Hon. Sec., to whom all communications are to be addressed, post paid, at the City of London Mechanics' Institute, Gould Square, Crutched Friars, or at 7. Cleveland Street, Mile End Road."January, 1850."Arthur Trevelyan,"Associate."

"January, 1850.

"Arthur Trevelyan,"Associate."

"Arthur Trevelyan,

"Associate."

Anon.

Map of Dublin(Vol. ix., p. 171.).—Your querist C. H. will be shown with pleasure, at my house, a very ancient map of Dublin, styled "An Exact Copy of a Map of the City and Harbour of Dublin, from a Survey by John Rocque." There is no date to it, but I observe that the street I live in was called "Fleet Alley."

John H. Powell.

15. Westmoreland Street, Dublin.

Pettifogger(Vol. vii., p. 354.).—One who "would cast a mist before," and around, his clients. He makes it his constant practice to raise a "petty-fog."

"And thus much for this cloud, I cannot say rather thanpetty-fogof witnesses, with which Episcopal men would cast a mist before us, to deduce their exaltedEpiscopacy from Apostolick Times."—Milton, ofPrelatical Episcopacy, Ed. Col. Amst., 1698, vol. i. p. 245.

Is not this a more probable origin of the word than thepettivogueurof our etymologists? AndMr. Keightleywill, I am sure, permit me to suggest that it is a derivation at least as obvious and expressive aspettyfolker.

William Beal.

Brooke Vicarage, Norfolk.

Views in London by Canaletto(Vol. ix., p. 106.).—In reply to the Query of your correspondentGondola, I beg to say that I have long had the pleasure of possessing one of Canaletto's London views, that of the Thames from the Temple Gardens, in which the hand that painted gondolas and masks may be traced in Thames wherries and grave Templars. I believe there are others in the collections of the Dukes of Buccleugh and Northumberland.

Edmund Phipps.

Park Lane.

During the residence of Antonio Canaletto at Venice, he painted a number of pictures, at low prices, for Joseph Smith, Esq., the British consul; but that gentleman retailed those paintings at an enormous profit to English travellers. Canaletto finding this out, was induced to visit a country where his talents were so much appreciated. He accordingly came to England in the year 1746, being then about fifty years of age. He remained with us six or seven years (nottwo, as stated by Walpole), and during that period received great encouragement from the English nobility. His delineations of London and its environs, especially those of Thames scenery (of which he seems to have been very fond), are deservedly admired. Two of these are at Goodwood, and another (Parliament Street, looking towards Charing Cross) is in the Buccleuch Collection. Several London paintings were, at the beginning of the present century, in the possession of the Hon. Percy Wyndham. Some others are to be found in the royal collections, and in those of many noblemen and gentlemen of fortune.

Edward F. Rimbault.

London Fortifications(Vol. ix., pp. 174. 207.).—During the last civil war a fortification was erected at the Brill Farm, near old St. Pancras Church, where, 120 years after, Somers Town was built. A view of it is extant, and may be obtained for a few shillings. The Brill is also stated to have been a Roman station, but, I believe, without foundation.

G. J. S.

Tavistock Terrace, Holloway.

What Day is it at our Antipodes?(Vol. viii., pp 102. 649.).—After the able way in which this subject has been treated by A. E. B., I will only add an extract fromA Complete System of Geography, by Emanuel Bowen, London, 1747, vol. iii. p. 250.:

"One thing more is worth observing concerning this place (Macao), namely, that the Portuguese Sunday here is the Saturday with the Spaniards of the Philippine Islands, and so forward through all the days of the week, although there be scarce any difference in the longitude of both places. But the reason is, the Portuguese, in coming to Europe, pass eastward, whereas the Spaniards, coming from America, pass westward; so that between both, they have sailed round the globe: in doing which there is necessarily one day lost, as we have taken occasion to show in the introduction to this work."

John P. Stilwell.

Dorking.

When Dr. Ure tells us that from the year 1804, when he conducted the schools of chemistry and manufactures in the Andersonian Institution, up to the present day, he has been assiduously engaged in the study and improvement of most of the chemical, and many of the mechanical, arts; that during that period he has been habitually consulted professionally by proprietors of factories, workshops, and mines, to rectify what was amiss in their establishments, and to supply what was wanting, he shows clearly how great were his qualifications for the preparation ofA Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures, and Mines, containing a clear exposition of their principles and practice: and it is therefore little wonder that a work undertaken with such advantages should have reached what is now before us, a "fourth edition, corrected and greatly enlarged." Dr. Ure has, in this edition, turned to good account the many novelties of an interesting and useful nature first displayed in the Great Exhibition, and his two portly volumes may be consulted with advantage not only by manufacturers and professional men, but by lawyers, legislators, and, in short, all who take an interest in those achievements of science to which this great country owes its pre-eminence.

Unnoticed by reviewers, and unaided by favour or influence, Mr. Keightley tells us that hisMythology of Ancient Greece and Italyhas reached its third edition. So much the better, for it proves that the book has merits of its own, and those merits have won for it a place which will keep Mr. Keightley's name in memory as long as a love for classical literature and tasteful learning remains; and this, we suspect, will be longer than Mr. Keightley anticipates. As the success which has attended this valuable and original exposition of classical mythology renders it unnecessary to say one word as to its merits, we may content ourselves with stating that this edition has been carefully revised, has received numerous additions, and, although it is beautifully got up, is published at lower price than its predecessor.

The children of Lady Falmouth are blessed with a mother who possesses that invaluable gift, the art of making learning a pleasure; and we doubt not many a loving mother will be glad to find her labours lightened by the recently publishedConversations on Geography, or the Child's first introduction to where He is, what He is, and what else there is, by Viscountess Falmouth, Baroness Le Despencer. These conversations strongly remind one of Mrs. Marcet's, and we can give them no higher praise.

Whatever difference of opinion may exist as to the partial or impartial character of M. de Custine's work uponRussia, it contains much matter which will be read at the present important crisis with considerable interest; and in reprinting it in theirTraveller's Library, at a price which will place it within the reach of all classes of readers, Messrs. Longman have taken steps for securing toRussia byM. De Custine a wide-spread popularity.

Our valued correspondentMr. Singerhas kindly sent us a copy of a little offering to the manes of Shakspeare and Tieck, of which he has printed a few copies for private distribution. It isThe Midsummer Night, or Shakspeare and the Fairies, from the German of Ludwig Tieck, by Mary C. Rumsay. The work, one of exuberant fancy, was written when Tieck was only sixteen, but only published by his friend Bulow in 1851. It is translated with great ability; and we regret, for the sake of the many who would wish to possess it, thatMr. Singerdid not carry out his original intention, and publish it in aid of the funds for the monument to Tieck.

The Journal of Classical and Sacred Philology, No. I., March, 1854, is the first of a very valuable periodical, the nature and object of which are plainly indicated by its title. One very useful feature is itsContents of Foreign Journals, in which it records all the important contributions on sacred and classical philology inserted in the chief periodicals of the Continent.

We have before us the publications ofThe Arundel Society, orSociety for Promoting the Knowledge of the Fine Arts, for the fourth year: and they are indeed of a nature to effect the great object for which the Society was instituted. They consist of eight engravings on wood from drawings made by Mr. Williams, who was sent by the Society to Padua expressly for the purpose, from the frescos of Giotto in the Arena Chapel. The woodcuts have been executed by Messrs. Dalziel. With the rest of these prints will be issued a short description of the chapel and its frescos, prepared by Mr. Ruskin.

The Second Part of Mr. Netherclift'sAutograph Miscellanycontains fac-similes of the original depositions of their marriage by James II. and Anne Hyde; of an original letter from Luther to Cromwell, afterwards Earl of Essex; of a letter from Glover, Somerset Herald, to the Earl of Leicester; and of that portion of Sterne'sSentimental Journeyin which is related the episode of "The Dead Ass."

The success which has attended the publication of Miss Burney'sDiary, or, to give the work its more correct title,The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay, has induced Mr. Colburn to commence a new edition of it in seven three-shilling volumes.

Wanted To Purchase.

The Circle of the Seasons.London, 1823. 12mo.

***Letters, stating particulars and lowest price,carriage free, to be sent toMr. Bell, publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.

Particulars of Price, &c. of the following Books to be sent direct to the gentlemen by whom they are required, and whose names and addresses are given for that purpose:

London Labour and the London Poor.44 various Numbers, several of many of them.

Knight's National Cyclopædia.32 Parts.

Almanack of the Month, by Gilbert A. A'Beckett. Jan., Feb., June, Sept., and Dec., 1846.

Wanted byGeo. Newbold, 8. Regent Street, Vauxhall Road.

An Essay Explanatory of the Tempest Prognosticator in the Building of Great Exhibition.The last edition.

Wanted byJ. T. C., care of Messrs. M‘Gee & Co., Nassau Street, Dublin.

The Family Instructor, by De Foe. 2 Vols. 1841. Oxford, Talboys.

Allan Ramsay's Tea-Table Miscellany.1724.

Hazlitt's Select Poets of Great Britain.1825.

The Lady's Poetical Magazine, or Beauties of British Poets. 4 Vols. London, 1781.

The Hive, containing Vol. I. First Edition. 1724.

London Magazine.Vols. after the year 1763.

Wanted byFred. Dinsdale, Esq., Leamington.

Evans's Old Ballads.Vol. I. 1810.

Any of the Sermons, Tracts, &c., by the late Rev. A. G. Jewitt.

History of Lincoln, by A. Jewitt.

Howitt's Gipsy King, and other Poems. Either one or two copies.

Wanted byR. Keene, Bookseller, Irongate, Derby.

Henry's(Phillip)Life, by Sir J. B. Williams. Royal 8vo.

Wanted byT. Barcham, Bookseller, Reading.

Fresenius' Quantitative Analysis.Last Edition.

Wanted bySmith, Elder, & Co., 65. Cornhill.

Two Volumes ofPlates to Glossary of Architecture. Parker, Oxford. 1850.

Wanted byEd. Appleton, Torquay.

In consequence of the great length ofMr. Winthrop's valuable communication, and the number of articles waiting for insertion, we have this week the pleasure of presenting our readers with an extra eight pages.

We are compelled to postpone until next week Replies to several Correspondents and Notices of several books.

An Old F.A.S., F.R.S., F.S.A.We have not yet been favoured with a reply to our request for the name of this Correspondent, who states that "he selected the Eyre drawings from a large mass of papers" in 1847, and "is satisfied they are authentic drawings." We therefore repeat our request.

Mathew, a Cornish Family(Vol. ix., p. 22.).—Excuse my troubling you again aboutrealnames, but it is extraordinary how shy some men seem to be of theircognomenand habitat. In a late Number, p. 222., B. of Birkenhead asks about the family of Mathew. A great-great-grandmother of mine was of that Devon family, and I should be delighted to learn more than I know of her, and perhaps B. Birkenhead might instruct me. Do try to draw him from hiscover.

H. T. Ellacombe.

Rectory, Clyst St. George, Topsham, Devon.

Zeta.For notices of Mother Shipton, see"N. & Q.," Vol. v., p. 419.

C. W. B.Is our Correspondent quite certain there was a naval engagement, as the words of the pedigree simply state that he was on board when he died, in command of a body of Marines?

J. D.The wedge-shaped baths of glass, originally recommended byMr. Archer,are certainly the best. They are economical in use and very cleanly. They may, no doubt, be procured fromMr. Archer.The one we have in we got at Hockin's. There is little doubt that if, when properly constructed, they were sold at a reasonable price, they would entirely supersede baths of gutta percha.

B. P. (Warrington).We have often answered the question before. Precipitate the silver in the form of a chloride by means of common salt; put this into a crucible with twice or thrice the quantity of common carbonate of soda: The crucible being exposed to a strong heat, the metallic silver will form in a button at the bottom of the crucible. 2. Use a bath of thirty grains of nitrate of silver to the ounce, and drop into it a few drops of nitric acid, sufficient to turn litmus paper red. 3. A glass bath is far preferable to gutta percha.

E. W. (A Beginner).1. In all printing of positives it is needful to salt the paper; when albumenized paper is used it is combined with the albumen. 2. We have for many reasons entirely discarded the ammonio-nitrate of silver. We have seen very few positives produced by it which are permanent. 3. Sel d'or causes a sort of plum colour, which is much admired by some; intensity of light alone will not produce certain tints. We have met with uniform success by trusting to the formula given in"N. & Q."byDr. Diamond(Vol. viii., p. 324.),and its ease in manipulation has alone much to recommend it. 4. Proofs should be left in the hypo, until they are quite clear and transparent when held up to the light, looking like a piece of Chinese rice-paper. They at first change to a reddish-brown upon immersion, but if sufficiently printed that soon departs and becomes a very rich tint, the thin Canson's paper giving best. As a beginner we will forward you a small specimen of the color obtained.

Our Eighth Volumeis now bound and ready for delivery, price 10s. 6d., cloth, boards. A few sets of the whole Eight Volumes are being made up, price 4l. 4s.—For these early application is desirable.

"Notes and Queries"is published at noon on Friday, so that the Country Booksellers may receive Copies in that night's parcels, and deliver them to their Subscribers on the Saturday.

This Day is published, fcp. 8vo., 2s.6d.cloth.

THE GREAT SACRIFICE; or, THE GOSPEL ACCORDING TO LEVITICUS. By the REV. JOHN CUMMING, D.D.

***This forms the First COMPANION VOLUME to the SABBATH MORNING READINGS.

London: John F. Shaw, Southampton Row, and Paternoster Row.

HAMILTON and the PIANOFORTE.—Just published, the Fifty-Second Edition of this extraordinarily popular Author's MODERN INSTRUCTIONS for the PIANOFORTE, newly revised and greatly enlarged by CARL CZERNY (pupil of Beethoven). Large music folio, 62 pages, price only 4s.

Also, by the Same,

HAMILTON'S MODERN INSTRUCTIONS FOR SINGING. Large music folio, 5s.

May be ordered of all music-sellers and booksellers.

London: ROBERT COCKS & CO., New Burlington Street, Music Publishers to the Queen.

SIR HENRY BISHOP'S NEW BALLADS. Words by J. E. CARPENTER, ESQ. "Her bright Smile haunts me still." "He deems that I can love again." 2s.6d.each, "On the Banks of a beautiful River." "The mother's last Farewell." 2s.each. Also, "Mourn for the Mighty Dead," words by DR. MACKAY, 2s.The same for four voices, 3s.

London: ROBERT COCKS & CO., New Burlington Street, and of all Booksellers.

Just published, with ten coloured Engravings, price 5s.,

NOTES ON AQUATIC MICROSCOPIC SUBJECTS OF NATURAL HISTORY, selected from the "Microscopic Cabinet." By ANDREW PRITCHARD, M.R.I.

Also, in 8vo., pp. 720, plates 24, price 21s., or coloured, 36s.,

A HISTORY OF INFUSORIAL ANIMALCULES, Living and Fossil, containing Descriptions of every species, British and Foreign, the methods of procuring and viewing them, &c., illustrated by numerous Engravings. By ANDREW PRITCHARD, M.R.I.

"There is no work extant in which so much valuable information concerning Infusoria (Animalcules) can be found, and every Microscopist should add it to his library."—Silliman's Journal.

London: WHITTAKER & CO., Ave Maria Lane.

OLIVER CROMWELL.—A Fac-simile of a Newspaper, published during the Commonwealth, announcing the Death of Oliver Cromwell, and reviewing his Public and Private Life. Price 6d., or Free (by Post) on Receipt of Six Stamps.

KING CHARLES.—A Fac-simile of a very Curious, Interesting, and Droll Newspaper of King Charles's Reign, with a Sheet of Extraordinary Gleanings from numerous Ancient Newspapers. Price 6d., or Free (by Post) on Receipt of Six Stamps.

J. H. FENNELL, 1. Warwick Court, Holborn, London.

CLASSICAL MUSICAL LIBRARY.—Subscribers are liberally supplied, on loan, with every description of New Vocal and Instrumental Music, and have also at their disposal upwards of 3,000 volumes, including the Standard Operas, Italian, German, French, and English Songs, and all kinds of Instrumental Music. During the Term of Subscription, each Subscriber has the privilege of selecting—for his own property—from 100,000 different pieces, 3 Guineas' worth of Music. Prospectuses forwarded Free on application.

JULLIEN & CO., 214. Regent Street.

TO TOPOGRAPHICAL AND ANTIQUARIAN PRINT COLLECTORS.

T. HARWOOD begs to inform the above, that he has a large Collection of Prints, Topographical and Biographical Cuttings, Portraits, Arms, and Pedigrees, to Illustrate any County in England and Wales. Lists are now ready, and can be had Gratis, for the Counties of Cumberland, Gloucester, and North and South Wales, by addressing to

30. MANSFIELD STREET, KINGSLAND ROAD, LONDON.

BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION, No. 1. Class X., in Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all Climates, may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold London-made Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 4 guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, 10, and 8 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior Lever, with Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's Pocket Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch skilfully examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, 2l., 3l., and 4l.Thermometers from 1s.each.

BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, the Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen.

65. CHEAPSIDE.

CERTIFICATES IN DRAWING are granted to SCHOOLMASTERS and SCHOOLMISTRESSES, by the DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND ART, which will enable the holders of them to obtain an Augmentation of Salary from the Committee of Council for Education.

CLASSES for the INSTRUCTION of Schoolmasters and Mistresses and Pupil-Teachers in Freehand and Drawing, Linear Geometry, Perspective and Model Drawing, are formed in the Metropolis in the following places:

1. MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, Pall Mall.—Meeting on Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday Evenings, from 7 to 9; and Saturdays, from 1 to 3.

2. SPITALFIELDS, Crispin Street.—Meeting on Wednesday and Friday Evenings, from 7 to 9.

3. GORE HOUSE, Kensington.—Meeting on Monday and Thursday Evenings, from 7 to 9.

FEE for the Session of Five Months, from March to August, 5s.

For information, and Specimens of the Examination Papers, apply to the Secretary of the Department of Science and Art, Marlborough House, Pall Mall, London.

Entire Stock of the Publications of the Shakspeare Society; County Histories, and other Important Works.

PUTTICK AND SIMPSON, Auctioneers of Literary Property, will sell by auction, at their Great Room, 191. Piccadilly. on Wednesday, March 29, and two following days, the ENTIRE REMAINING STOCK of PUBLICATIONS of the SHAKSPEARE SOCIETY, consisting of complete sets, and the separate Volumes arranged in series and otherwise; also, Ormerod's Cheshire, 3 vols. large paper, subscription copy, uncut; Hutchins's Dorsetshire, 4 vols. calf, gilt; Gough's Sepulchral Monuments, 3 vols. in 5, superb copy. russia extra; Whitaker's Leeds and Richmondshire, 4 vols. large paper; Nichols's Bibliotheca Britannica Topographica, 8 vols. fine copy, uncut, very rare; Nichols's Collectanea Topographica et Genealogica, 8 vols.: Nichols's Leicestershire, 7 vols. uncut; Manning and Bray's Surrey, 3 vols.; J. M. W. Turner's Yorkshire Views, proofs, eight copies, half-bound; Stothard's Monumental Effigies, 2 vols. largest paper, the arms finely painted by Dowse: Dibdin's Spencer Catalogue, 7 vols. complete, large paper: Clarendon's Rebellion, 3 vols. large paper, splendidly illustrated with rare Engravings (from the Stowe Library): Rogers's Imitations of Drawings, 2 vols. half russia: Gentleman's Magazine, complete to 1850, and several sets from 1808 to 1850; a few Remainders of interesting Works, including the privately printed Catalogue of 5 vols. of valuable Manuscripts, late in the Collection of Dawson Turner, Esq.; Haweis's Sketches of the Reformation, &c.

Catalogues will be sent on application; if in the Country, on receipt of four stamps.

PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION.

THE EXHIBITION OF PHOTOGRAPHS, by the most eminent English and Continental Artists, is OPEN DAILY from Ten till Five. Free Admission.

Miniatures, Oil Paintings, Water-Colour, and Chalk Drawings, Photographed and Coloured in imitation of the Originals. Views of Country Mansions, Churches, &c., taken at a short notice.

Cameras, Lenses, and all the necessary Photographic Apparatus and Chemicals, are supplied, tested, and guaranteed.

Gratuitous Instruction is given to Purchasers of Sets of Apparatus.

PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION,168. New Bond Street.

PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS.—OTTEWILL & MORGAN'S Manufactory, 24. & 25. Charlotte Terrace, Caledonian Road, Islington. OTTEWILL'S Registered Double Body Folding Camera, adapted for Landscapes or Portraits, may be had of A. ROSS, Featherstone Buildings, Holborn; the Photographic Institution. Bond Street; and at the Manufactory above, where every description of Cameras, Slides, and Tripods may be had. The Trade supplied.

PHOTOGRAPHY.—HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collection, for obtaining Instantaneous Views, and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, according to light.

Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the choicest Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their Establishment.

Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used in this beautiful Art.—120. and 121. Newgate Street.

COLLODION PORTRAITS AND VIEWS obtained with the greatest ease and certainly by using BLAND & LONG'S preparation of Soluble Cotton; certainty and uniformity of action over a lengthened period, combined with the most faithful rendering of the half-tones, constitute this a most valuable agent in the hands of the photographer.

Albumenized paper, for printing from glass or paper negatives, giving a minuteness of detail maintained by any other method, 5s.per Quire.

Waxed and Iodized Papers of tried quality.

Instruction in the Processes.

BLAND & LONG, Opticians and Photographical Instrument Makers, and Operative Chemists, 153. Fleet Street. London.

***Catalogues sent on application.

THE SIGHT preserved by the Use of SPECTACLES adapted to suit every variety of Vision by means of SMEE'S OPTOMETER, which effectually prevents Injury to the Eyes from the Selection of Improper Glasses, and its extensively employed by

BLAND & LONG, Opticians, 153. Fleet Street, London.

CHUBB'S FIRE-PROOF SAFES AND LOCKS.—These safes are the most secure from force, fraud, and fire. Chubb's locks, with all the recent improvements, cash and deed boxes of all sizes. Complete lists, with prices, will be sent on application.

CHUBB & SON, 57. St. Paul's Churchyard, London; 28. Lord Street, Liverpool; 16. Market Street, Manchester; and Horseley Fields, Wolverhampton.

ARUNDEL SOCIETY.—The Publication of the Fourth Year (1852-3), consisting of Eight Wood Engravings by MESSRS. DALZIEL. from Mr. W. Oliver Williams' Drawings after GIOTTO'S Frescos at PADUA, is now ready; and Members who have not paid their subscriptions are requested to forward them to the Treasurer by Post-Office Order, payable at the Charing Cross Office.

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