Replies.

"Clarum et venerabile nomenGentibus, et multum nostræ quod proderat urbi?"

"Clarum et venerabile nomen

Gentibus, et multum nostræ quod proderat urbi?"

W. L.

Whipping by Women.—In the accounts of the constable of this parish for the year 1644, there are the following items:

"Paid to two men for watching Ellen Shaw, she beinge accused for felonie

0 3 0

"Paid to a woman for whippinge yesaid Ellen Shaw

0 0 4

"Paid for beare for her after she was whipped

0 0 3."

Was it the usual custom for women sentenced to whipping to be consigned to the tender mercies of one of their own sex?

J.Eastwood.

Ecclesfield.

Lærig(Vol. i., p. 292.).—Have we not a relic of this word in the vulgarleary, used of atoughcustomer, one not easily taken in?

J. W. H.

MS. History of Winchester School.—

"In the year 1715, proposals were published for an exact account of the History and Antiquities of this College of St. Mary; and large collections are made for that end, now dormant in a private hand."—Rawlinson'sEnglish Topographer, p 63., London, 1720.

Can any of your readers tell me where this invaluable MS. (if existing) may be found? and also what became of the late Rev. Peter Hall's collections in manuscript?

Mackenzie Walcott, M.A.

Benedicite.—When a priest saluted or was asked for his blessing,, he said "Benedicite," Bless ye,—Domino, or, in worse Latin,nomen Dei. understood. Can any one say whyBenedicatorBenediciminiwas not used, as the use ofBenedicitewas intendedto convey or invoke a blessing, not an exhortation to bless.

Peter Corona.

The Church History Society.—As one who feels greatly interested in the scheme for the establishment ofThe Church History Society, given in your number for the 2nd November last, and which you properly describe as "a proposal calculated to advance one of the most important branches of historical learning," will you permit me to inquire, through the medium of "Notes and Queries," whetherDr. Maitland's scheme has met with so much encouragement as to justify the expectation, and I will add the hope, that it may ever be fully carried out?

Laicus.

Pope Ganganelli.—There was aLife of Pope Clement XIV.(Ganganelli) published in London in 1785. It was a distinct work from that by Caraccioli. Can any of your readers inform me of the author's name; or is there any one who has seen the book, or can tell where a copy may be found?

Cephas.

Sir George Downing.—I should be glad to obtain any information respecting Sir George Downing, of East Halley, Cambridgeshire, and Gamlingay Park, or his family. He was ambassador from Cromwell and Charles II. to the States-General of Holland, secretary to the Treasury, and the statesman who caused the "Appropriation Act" to be passed, the 17th of Charles II. The family is of most ancient origin in Devonshire, and I have heard that a portrait of him is possessed by some person in that county.

Alpha.

Solemnization of Matrimony.—In the service of the Church for this occasion, on the ring being placed upon the woman's finger, the man is prescribed to say: "With this ring I thee wed, with my body I thee worship, andwith all my worldly goods I thee endow," &c. How is this last sentence to be reconciled with the law? or is the vow to be considered revocable?

A. A.

Abridge.

Passage in Bishop Butler.—In Bishop Butler's sermon "Upon the Government of the Tongue" occurs the following passage:

"There is in some such a disposition to be talking, that an offence of the slightest kind, and such as would not raise any other resentment, yet raises, if I may so speak, the resentment of the tongue, puts it into a flame, into the most ungovernable motions.This outrage, when the person it respects is present, we distinguish in the lower rank of people by a peculiar term."

Now I should be glad if any one could offer a conjecture as to the Bishop's meaning in this last sentence? I have shown it to several people, but no one has been able to think of this "peculiar term."

The Duke of Wharton's Poetical Works.—Ritson prepared an edition of this nobleman's poetical works for the press. It contained nearly as much again as the printed edition of 1732. What has become of the MS.?

Edward F. Rimbault.

Titus Oates.—Can any of your correspondents refer me to anautographof Titus Oates?

Edward F. Rimbault.

Erasmus' Colloquies—Apuleius' Golden Ass, Translations of.—Will any of your readers be kind enough to enlighten a provincial ignoramus by answering the following Queries:—

1. Which is the best and most complete English translation of Erasmus'Colloquies?

2. Is there an English translation of Apuleius'Golden Ass?

3. Is the French translation of the latter work considered a good one?

G. P. I.

The Molten Sea.—In 1835, Captain J. B. Jervis, of the Bombay Engineers, published at Calcutta an essay, entitledRecords of Ancient Science, in which he endeavours to reconcile the discrepancy between the 1 Kings, vii. 23. 26. and the 2 Chron. iv. 2. 5. by proving that a vessel of oblate spheroidal form—of 30 cubits in the periphery, and 10 cubits in the major axis—would (according to the acknowledged relation of the bath to the cubit) hold exactly 2,000 baths liquid measure, and 3,000 baths when filled and heaped up conically with wheat (as specified in Ezekiel, xlv. 11.).

I do not possess any means of criticising this explanation of the difficulty, and having searched in various modern commentaries for a notice of it without success, I venture to submit it in your columns to the attention of others.

Tyro-Etymologicus.

"Sedem Animæ", &c.—Will any of your correspondents inform me where the following quotation is taken from:—

"Sedem animæ in extremis digitis habent."

It will be found in Burton'sAnatomy of Melancholy, folio edition (7th), p. 55., and in the 8vo. edition of 1837, vol. iv. p. 80. Burton cites it as from Sallust, but the verbal index of that author has been consulted in vain for it.

W. S.

Richmond, Surrey.

Old St. Pancras Church.—Old St. Pancras has always been a noted burial-place for Roman Catholics that reside in or near London; and it has been assigned as a reason for that being their mausoleum and cemetery, that prayers and mass are said daily in a church dedicated to the same saint, in the south of France, for the repose of the souls of the faithful whose bodies are deposited in the church of St. Pancras near London (England), where crosses and Requiescat in Pace, or the initial of those words, R.I.P., are found on the sepulchral monuments. It is said prayer and massare said at St. Peter at Rome, also for the same purpose.

Can any of your readers inform me where that church is in the south of France; and when such prayers and masses were first said?

It is also understood that this church was the last whose bell tolled in England for mass, and in which any rites of the Roman Catholic religion were celebrated after the Reformation.

S. S. N. H.

(Vol. ii., p. 429.).

In answer to the Query ofMr. Ellacombe, "I should like to know whether the MSS. of Randle Holme, of Chester, 1670, which afterwards were penes Dr. Latham, are still accessible?"

1. The MSS. alluded to are those offoursuccessive antiquaries of that name, of whom an account will be found in Ormerod'sHist. Chesh., vol. ii., under "Tranmere."

2. The person intended wasnotDr. Latham, but Mr. William Latham, of Eltham, afterwards of Quenby Hall, Leicestershire,brotherof Dr. Latham,of Romsey, the naturalist.

3. The Holme MSS. wereneverin the possession of Mr. Latham, but ifMr. Ellacombewill refer to Dr. Gower's prospectus, reissued by Mr. Latham in 1800, he will find a correct statement of their having been obtained by Bishop Gastrell for the Earl of Oxford, and "eventually for the mighty emolument of the public." (p. 40.)

4. These MSS. (being part of the Harleian Collection),are accessibleto visitors of the reading room at the Museum, and extend, in the Harleian Catalogue, from No. 1920. to No. 2180. inclusive.

5. With respect toCradocks, as connected with Cheshire, Mr. E. will find notice in Ormerod'sHist. Chesh., iii. 236., of the tomb of Sir John Cradock in Nantwich Church, as lately, and perhaps now, remaining, and an account of itsformerstate in Chaloner's and Holme'sChurch Notes, Harl. MSS. 2151., and inOrdinary of Arms in King's Vale Royall, 1656, arms assigned to Cradock:—"Argent, on a chevron azure three garbs, or. Partridge (Hist. of Nantwich, 1773) names him Sir David, and states that the arms were notthendiscoverable." Platt's laterHistoryquotes Derrick'sLettersfor naming him Sir Roger.

The pedigree ofNewton, previouslyCradock, will be found at length in Lewys Dwnn'sVisitation of Wales(vol. i. p. 145.), published by the late Sir Samuel Meyrick, under the auspices of the Welsh MSS. Society. It places Newton in Pembrokeshire, and differs in some other respects fromMr. Ellacombe'saccount. The entry was made in 39 Eliz., 1597, and the close of the pedigree, translated into English, is as follows:

Sir John Newton, Kt.==_________________________________|_____________________| | |Henry Newton of 2 John Newton Frances, wifeHanham, Somersetshire. of Frusto. of WilliamLord Cobham.

Lancastriensis.

In Vol. ii., p. 286., an allusion is made by a correspondent to the following verses of the comic poet Crobylus, in reference to the antiquity of smoking:

Α. "Ἐγὼ δὲ πρὸς τὰ θερμὰ ταῦθ' ὑπερβολῇΤοὺς δακτύλους δήπουθεν ἰδαίους ἔχω,Καὶ τὸν λάρυγγ' ἥδιστα πυριῶ τεμαχίοις.Β. "Κάμινος, οὺκ ἄνθρωπος."Athen I. p. 5. F.

Α. "Ἐγὼ δὲ πρὸς τὰ θερμὰ ταῦθ' ὑπερβολῇΤοὺς δακτύλους δήπουθεν ἰδαίους ἔχω,Καὶ τὸν λάρυγγ' ἥδιστα πυριῶ τεμαχίοις.

Α. "Ἐγὼ δὲ πρὸς τὰ θερμὰ ταῦθ' ὑπερβολῇ

Τοὺς δακτύλους δήπουθεν ἰδαίους ἔχω,

Καὶ τὸν λάρυγγ' ἥδιστα πυριῶ τεμαχίοις.

Β. "Κάμινος, οὺκ ἄνθρωπος."Athen I. p. 5. F.

Β. "Κάμινος, οὺκ ἄνθρωπος."

Athen I. p. 5. F.

The two last verses are thus rendered in the passage referred to:

"And I will sweetly burn my throat with cuttings;A chimney, not a man."

"And I will sweetly burn my throat with cuttings;

A chimney, not a man."

Athenæus is describing the fondness of the ancient gourmands for eating their food extremely hot. As they had no forks, but, like the modern Orientals, carried their food to their mouth with their fingers, one Pithyllus used gloves in order to avoid burning his fingers. (Ib.I. p. 6. D.)

In the second line there is a pun upon the wordἰδαῖοςwhich is explained to mean "cold"—the allusion being to the Idæan Dactyli. (See Meineke,Fragm. Com. Gr., vol. iv. p. 568. Lobeck,Aglaoph. p. 1181.) The passage is to be translated thus:

A. My fingers are fire-proof against these exceedingly hot morsels, and I delight in burning my throat with slices of fish.

B. "A furnace, not a man."

In v. 3.πυριῶis the word properly applied to steaming in a vapour-bath; andτέμαχοςorτεμάχωνis a slice or cutlet of fish. (See Aristoph.Nub.339.) In v. 4.κάμινοςmust not be rendered "chimney". It is a furnace or oven, and not even a stove or hearth, as Scott and Liddell remark in v. The ancient Greeks, and probably the Romans likewise, were unacquainted with chimneys. (See Beckmann,Hist. of Inventions, art. "Chimneys," and Smith'sDict. of Greek and Rom. Ant., art. "House".) The meanings of the Latin wordcaminusare explained by Beckmann (Ib., vol. i. p. 301. ed. Bohn). The short poem ofκάμινος ἢ κεραμίς, attributed to Homer (Epig.14.), illustrates the meaning of the wordκάμινος. In these verses it is a furnace used for baking pottery.

Crobylus was not earlier than Olymp. 114.B. C.324. (See Meineke,Ib., vol. i. p. 490.)

(Vol. ii., pp. 218. 350. 295.).

The aphorism, "Antiquitas sæculi juventus mundi," which occurs in theTreatise de Augm. Scient., vol. viii. p. 39., and in theAdvancement of Learning, vol. ii. p. 46., ed. Montagne, may be safely attributed to Lord Bacon himself, though it is printed in both passages in the form of quotation, between inverted commas.

In theNovum Organum, lib. i. aph. 83, the thought appears in this form:

"De antiquitate autem, opinio quam homines di ipsâ fovent. negligens omnino est, et vix verbo ipsi congrua.Mundi enim senium et grandævitas pro antiquitate vere habenda sunt; quæ temporibus nostris tribui debent, non juniori ætati mundi, qualis apud antiquos fuit. Illa enim ætas, respectu nostri, antiqua et major; respectu mundi ipsius, nova et minor fuit."

The pointed and aphoristic form of the thought is due to Bacon; the thought itself has, however, been traced by Dr. Whewell to Giordano Bruno.

"It is worthy of remark, that a thought which is often quoted from Francis Bacon, occurs in Bruno'sCena di Cenere, published in 1584; I mean the notion, that the later times are more aged than the earlier. In the course of the dialogue, the Pedant, who is one of the interlocutors, says, 'In antiquity is wisdom;' to which the philosophical character replies, 'If you knew what you were talking about, you would see that your principle leads to the opposite result of that which you wish to infer; I mean, thatweare older and have lived longer than our predecessors.' He then proceeds to apply this, by tracing the course of astronomy through the earlier astronomers up to Copernicus."—Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences, vol. ii. p. 361.

TheAdvancement of Learningwas published in 1605, twenty-one years after the Treatise of Bruno. Mr. Hallam (History of Europe, vol. iv. p. 92.) treats the thought as the original property of Bacon; and although the first trace of it is to be found in Bruno, there is no improbability in supposing that it occurred independently to Bacon about the same time.

Bacon's Advancement in Learning(Vol. ii., p. 396.).—The writer in "Notes and Queries" speaks of the English text as being original, and the Latin a version of Lord Bacon'sInstauratio Magna; is he not mistaken? In reality there were two originals of that work, as we learn from Mallet's account prefixed to the folio edition of Bacon's works in 4 vols. London, 1740, p. xvii. et seq. (vol. first). The first edition was in English, London, 1605, and is to be found in the Bodleian. The Latin, published in 1623, is said by Mallet to be the work of Bacon himself, with the assistance of some friends, after he had enlarged and corrected the original; it is from this that Wats' version is made, which is very exact and faithful to its original. The title-page is engraved on copper by Marshall, with this inscription:

"INSTAVR. MAG. P. I.OF THEADVANCEMENT AND PROFICIENCEOFLEARNING or the PARTITIONS OF SCIENCES, IXBookes, Written in Latin by the Most Eminent, Illustrious, and Famous LORD FRANCIS BACON, Baron of Verulam, Vicont St. Alban, Counsilour of Estate, and Lord Chancellor of England, Interpreted byGilbert Wats, OXFORD: Printed by Leon. Lichfield, Printer to the Vniversity, for Rob. Young and Ed. Forrell,MDCXL in apostrophus style."

The passage referred to is at p. 36.:

"Indeed, to speak truly,Antiquitas seculi juventus mundi, certainly our times are the ancient times, when the world is now ancient, and not those which we count ancient,ordine retrogrado, by a computation backward from our own times."

Now this agrees exactly with Bacon's original Latin in Mallet's edition, vol. i. p. 43., except that ordine retrogrado is not in Italics; but in Bacon's English text (Mallet's edition, vol ii. p. 431.), the coincidence in all respects is complete:

"And to speak truly, Antiquitas sacculi, (sic) juventus mundi. These times are the ancient times when the world is ancient, and not those which we account ancientordine retrogrado, by a computation backward from ourselves."

Wats' version is the more exact of the two.

(Vol. ii., p. 442.).

In reply to the question of J., I send you some particulars aboutAumerleor Albemarle.

The first Earl of this place, which is the name of a small town or territory in Normandy, was Otho, descended from the Earls of Champagne, and nearly related to William the Conqueror, to whom he fled for protection, having killed a great person in that country, and obtained this earldom and the Isle of Holderness, in Yorkshire, for his maintenance. The title remained in the heirs of Otho till the death of William, eighth Earl of Albemarle, 44th Henry III., when it reverted to the Crown, with the lordship of Holderness, and in the 9th of Richard II. he granted them to Thomas of Woodstock, summoned to parliament as "Thomas, Duke of Albemarle, the king's loving uncle."

Without enumerating the different persons upon whom our kings subsequently conferred this title as often as it became extinct or vacant, it will be sufficient for our purpose to show, that at the Restoration the dukedom of Albemarle was given to General Monk, who, according to Banks (D. and E. Peerage, vol. iii. p. 37.), had a certain degree of hereditary pretension to the nameby which he was ennobled, inasmuch as he was descended from Margaret, eldest daughter and co-heir of Richard Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick and Albemarle; but this is not satisfactorily made out in Banks' table. At all events, the dukedom became again extinct on the death of Christopher Monk, the second Duke of Albemarle, in 1688, S.P.; but the name was once more revived in 1695-6, by William III., in favour of Arnold Joort Van Keppel, Lord of Voorst, who had attended the king in several campaigns, and was his Master of the Robes, and on the 10th of February in that year created "Earl of Albemarle in Normandy;" the title having been doubtless selected as one so frequently enjoyed by persons of the highest consideration, and not in any way resting upon an hereditary claim.

Braybrooke.

Audley End.

Cromwell Poisoned(Vol. ii., p. 393.).—Your correspondent P. T. queries if there be any other statement than that which he adduces respecting Cromwell having been poisoned. I would refer him to theAthenæ Oxoniensisof Anthony à Wood, vol. ii. p. 303.,[2]in which it is stated that Dr. George Bate's friends gave him credit for having given a baneful dose to the Protector, to ingratiate himself with Charles II. Amidst all the mutations of those changeful times, and whether Charles I., Cromwell, or Charles II. were in the ascendant, Dr. George Bate always contrived to be the chief state physician. In Whitelock'sMemorials of the English Affairs(1732), p. 494, it appears that the Parliament, in 1651, ordered Dr. Bate to go into Scotland to attend the General (Cromwell), and to take care of his health; he being his usual physician in London, and well esteemed by him. He wrote a work styledElenchus Motuum nuperorum in Angliâ. This was severely scrutinised in another, entitledElenchus Elenchi; sive Animadversiones in Georgii Batei, Cromwelli Paricidæ, aliquando Protomedici, Elenchi Motuum nuperorum in Angliâ. Autore Robt. Pugh; Parisiis, 1664.

Dr. Bate, who died 19th April, 1669, was buried at Kingston upon Thames.

§ N.

Nov. 9. 1850.

Footnote 2:(return)I allude to the old edition, 2 vols. Lond. 1691-2, folio; not having any other at hand.

I allude to the old edition, 2 vols. Lond. 1691-2, folio; not having any other at hand.

"Never did Cardinal bring Good to England" (Vol. ii., pp. 424, 450.).—Beruchinois right in his suggestion that Dr. Lingard may accidentally have omitted a reference to the place from whence he really derived this saying; for Hall tells us in hisChronicle(ed. 1809, p. 758.), that

"Charles, Duke of Suffolke, seeing the delay, gave a great clappe on the table with his hande and said, 'By the masse, now I see that the olde saied sawe is true,that there was never Legatt nor Cardinall that did good in Englande.'"

Whether Charles Brandon was a reader ofPiers Ploughman, I know not; but the following passage from that poem proves he was giving expression to a feeling which had long been popular in this country. I quote from Mr. Wright's edition, published by Pickering:

"I knew nevere CardinalThat he ne cam fra the Pope;And we clerkes, whan thei come,For hir comunes paieth,For hir pelure and hir palfreyes mete,And pilours that hem folweth."The comuneclamat cotidieEch a man til oother,The contree is the corsederThat Cardinals comme inne;And ther thei ligge and lenge moost,Lecherie there regneth."L. 13789—13800.

"I knew nevere CardinalThat he ne cam fra the Pope;And we clerkes, whan thei come,For hir comunes paieth,For hir pelure and hir palfreyes mete,And pilours that hem folweth.

"I knew nevere Cardinal

That he ne cam fra the Pope;

And we clerkes, whan thei come,

For hir comunes paieth,

For hir pelure and hir palfreyes mete,

And pilours that hem folweth.

"The comuneclamat cotidieEch a man til oother,The contree is the corsederThat Cardinals comme inne;And ther thei ligge and lenge moost,Lecherie there regneth."

"The comuneclamat cotidie

Ech a man til oother,

The contree is the corseder

That Cardinals comme inne;

And ther thei ligge and lenge moost,

Lecherie there regneth."

L. 13789—13800.

Mr. Wright observes in a note upon this passage, that "the contributions levied upon the clergy for the support of the Pope's messengers and agents was a frequent subject of complaint in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries."

Thetas.

Gloves not worn in the Presence of Royalty(Vol. i., p. 366.).—

"This week the Lord Coke, with his gloves on, touched and kissed the King's hand; but whether to be confirmed a counsellor, or cashiered, I cannot yet learn."—Letter inCourt and Times of Charles I., dated April, 1625.

W. Dn.

Nonjurors' Oratories in London(Vol. ii., p. 354.).—

"Nothing, my lord, appears so dreadful to me, as the account I have of the barefaced impudence of your Jacobite congregations in London. The marching of the King's forces to and fro through the most factious parts of the kingdom, must (in time) put an end to our little country squabbles; but yourfifty churchesof nonjurors could never be thus daring, were they not sure of the protection of some high ally."—Letter from Bishop Nicholson to Archbishop Wake, dated Rose, Sept. 20. 1716. in Ellis'sLetters, Series iii.

W. Dn.

"Filthy Gingran"(Vol. ii., p. 335).—I have found the following clue to the solution of my Query on this point:—

"Gingroen (gin-croen)s. f., the toad-flax, a kind of stinking mushroom."—Owen'sWelsh Dictionary.

There is, however, some mistake (a high authority informs me) in the explanation given in the dictionary. Toad-flax is certainly not a "mushroom," neither does it "stink." Is the Welsh word applied to both equivocally as distinctobjects? In Withering'sArrangement of British Plants, 7th edit., vol. iii., p. 734., 1830, the Welsh name ofAntirrhinum Sinaria, or common yellow toad-flax, is stated to beGingroen fechan.

I must still invite further explanation.

A. T.

Michael Scott(Vol. ii., p. 120.).—A correspondent wishes to know what works of Michael Scott's have ever been printed. In John Chapman's Catalogue for June, 1850, I see advertised

"Michael Scott's Physionomia, Venet. 1532.———— Chyromantia del Tricasso da Ceresari, 2 vols. in 1, 1532."

"Michael Scott's Physionomia, Venet. 1532.

———— Chyromantia del Tricasso da Ceresari, 2 vols. in 1, 1532."

H. A. B.

The Widow of the Wood(Vol. ii., p. 406.).—Your correspondent is referred to Lowndes'sBibliographical Manual, vol. iii. p. 1868, for some mention of this work. It is there stated that the late eminent conveyancer, Francis Hargreave, the step-son of the lady, "bought up and destroyed every copy of this work that he could procure."

J. H. M.

Bath.

The Widow of the Wood, 1775, 12mo., pp. vi. and 208. (Inquired after at Vol. ii, p. 406.)—I have this book. It appears to be a Narrative of Complaint of the widow of "John Wh—y, Esq.," of "Great H-y-w—d" (Great Heywood, near Stafford), against Sir W—m W—y in the same neighbourhood.

Thomas Kerslake.

Bristol.

Modum Promissionis(Vol. ii., pp 279. 347.).—Your correspondent C. H. has not solved my difficulty as tomodum promissionis. In the hope that he, or others, will still kindly endeavour to do so, I subjoin the context in which it stands:—

"Noluit Jethro legem posteris figere: sed, quoad quietam stationem adeptus esset populus, remedium præsentibus incommodis, atque (ut vulgo loquitur) modum promissionis ostendit."

An old French translation renders it:—

"Il n'a point donc voulu mettre loy pour la posterité: mais seulement remedier aux incommoditez presentespar maniére de provision(comme on dit)," &c.

The general import of the passage is, that Jethro's counsel to Moses, as to the appointment of rulers over the people, was not intended to apply to Canaan, but only to their sojourn in the wilderness.

I do not see how the "formula professionis monasticæ" helps us; unless, indeed, "modus promissionis" were a kind of temporary and conditional vow, which does not appear in Ducange.

C. W. B.

End of Easter(Vol. ii., p. 9).—Should not the end of Easter be considered its octave—Low Sunday?

J. W. H.

First Earl of Roscommon(Vol. ii., p. 325.).—There was, in the burying-ground of Kilkenny-West, some thirty-five years or more ago, an old tombstone belonging to the Dillon Family, on which was traced the genealogy of the Roscommon branch from one of the sons of the first earl (if I remember right, the third or fourth), down to a Thomas, who had, I have heard my father say, a son called Garrett, who had issue two sons, Patrick and Thomas. Patrick was always, in that part of the country,considered the heirto this title. Patrick and Thomas had issue, (living or dead I know not), but should imagine dead; as, had they been living, they would no doubt have come forward when the late earl claimed the title, as he claimed it as being descended from the youngest son of the first earl, whereas Patrick and Thomas were certainly the descendants of one of the elder sons of the first earl; and therefore, had the sons of either Patrick or Thomas come forward, it would no doubt have been decided in their favour. On this account, it was several years before the late earl's claim was fully confirmed, as it was thought that some of the descendants of the elder branches might come forward. This would have attracted my attention earlier had I not been abroad.

An Hibernian.

Mivart's Hotel, London.

Dryden's "Absolom and Achitophel"(Vol. ii. p. 423.).—The passage inAbsolom and Achitophelis taken from Fuller'sProfane State, speaking of Alva:

"He was one of a lean body and visage, as if his eager soul, biting for anger at the clog of his body, desired to fret a passage through it;"

and from Carew, p. 71.,

"The purest soul that ere was sentInto a clayey tenement."

"The purest soul that ere was sent

Into a clayey tenement."

C. B.

Cabalistic Author(Vol. ii., p. 424.).—"W. C. or twice five hundred." The meaning is very evident. V. signifies five, and C. one hundred. W. is two V's, therefore W. C. twice five hundred.

Terra Martis.

\[ [Another correspondent points out that W. C., the author, may probably beWilliamCooper the printer.] \]

Twickenham—Did Elizabeth visit Bacon there?(Vol. ii., p. 408.).—

"At Twickenham Park, either in this [1592] or the following year, through the immediate interest of his steady patron, the Earl of Essex, Mr. Francis Bacon had the honour of entertaining Queen Elizabeth, where he presented her with the sonnet in honour of that generous nobleman."—Nichols'sProgresses of Queen Eliz., 2d ed. iii. p. 190.

J. I. D.

Legend of a Saint and Crozier(Vol. ii., p. 267.)—The incident is related of St. Patrick and one of the kings of Cashel, and formed the subject of the first picture exhibited by James Barry. In thePursuit of Knowledge under Difficulties, London, 1831, (art. Barry, p. 159.) it is stated that:

"The picture was painted in his twentieth or twenty-first year, on the baptism by St. Patrick of one of the kings of Cashel, who stands unmoved while the ceremony is performed, amidst a crowd of wondering spectators; although the saint, in setting down his crosier, has, without perceiving it, struck its iron point through the royal foot."

Este.

Becket(Vol. ii., pp. 106. 270. 364.).—It so happens that, before seeing,Mr. Venables'communication, with his quotations from theMonasticon(Vol. ii., p. 364), I had taken an opportunity of looking into a friend's copy of that work, and had there found what seems to be a key to the origin of the designation "St. Thomas of AconorAcres." It is stated, in a quotation from Bp. Tanner, that

"The hospital [in Cheapside] consisted of a master and several brethren, professing the rule of St. Austin, but were of a particular order, which was about this time instituted in the Holy Land, viz.Militiæ Hospitales S. Thomæ Martyris Cantuariensis de Acon, being a branch of the Templars."—Monast.vi. 646.

and the same title occurs in the charter of Edward III. (ibid.) Now it appears to me that the wordsde Aconhere relate, not to the saint, but to the order which took its name from him; and this view is confirmed by the passage which Mr.Venablesquotes fromMatthew of Westminster, as to the foundation of a chapel in honour of St. Thomas, at Acre, in Syria,A. D.1190. It is easy to suppose that in course of time, especially when the origin of the designation had been cast into the shade by the cessation of the Crusades, and the ruin of the great order to which the brethren of St. Thomas were at first attached, the patron himself may have come to be styledde Aconorof Acres: and this seems to be the case in the Act of 23 Hen. VI. (Monast.vi. 247.)

Allow me to ask a question as to another point in the history of Becket. Among his preferments is said to have been the parish of "St. MaryLittoryorad Litters," which is commonly supposed to mean St. Mary-le-Strand.[3]My friend Mr. Foss, in his elaborate work onThe Judges of England, contradicts this, on the ground that there was then no parish of that name; and he supposes St. Mary-at-Hill to be intended. Now the wordsad Litterswould be alike applicable as a description in either case but it appears to me that, if the city church were meant, it would be styled, as it usually is,ad Montem, and thatad Littersis Latin forle Strand. Was there not then an ancient church so called, until the demolitions of Protector Somerset in that quarter? And is not the common belief as to Becket's parish correct? I ask in great ignorance, but not without having vainly searched some books from which information might have been expected.

J. C. R.

Footnote 3:(return)We have in the name of this church an answer to A. E. B.'s Query, Vol. ii., p. 396., as to whether the Strand was ever known asLe Strand,—the Church of St. Mary-le-Strand.—Ed.

We have in the name of this church an answer to A. E. B.'s Query, Vol. ii., p. 396., as to whether the Strand was ever known asLe Strand,—the Church of St. Mary-le-Strand.—Ed.

Aërostation(Vol. ii., pp. 199. 317. 380.).—I happen to remember a few old verses of a squib on Lunardi, which may be enough seasoned with the dust of oblivion to interest some of your readers.

"Good folks, can you believe your eyes?Vincenzo di LunardiHas made a voyage to the skies,That foreigner foolhardy!"He went up in a round baloon(For moon is luna, Latin),To pay a visit to the moon;A basket-boat he sat in."And side by side the moon, he cried'How do, fair cousin moon? eh!'Through telescopes they were espied,Baloon—Lunardi—Luna.* * * * *"When weary on the wing, to perchOnce more, and air abandon,Quite apropos he swooped in searchOf solid earth to 'Stand-on.'[4]* * * * *"Now after all remains to tellHow learned Mr. Baker,Set up amoonstonewhere he fell,And called the field 'wise-acre.'

"Good folks, can you believe your eyes?Vincenzo di LunardiHas made a voyage to the skies,That foreigner foolhardy!

"Good folks, can you believe your eyes?

Vincenzo di Lunardi

Has made a voyage to the skies,

That foreigner foolhardy!

"He went up in a round baloon(For moon is luna, Latin),To pay a visit to the moon;A basket-boat he sat in.

"He went up in a round baloon

(For moon is luna, Latin),

To pay a visit to the moon;

A basket-boat he sat in.

"And side by side the moon, he cried'How do, fair cousin moon? eh!'Through telescopes they were espied,Baloon—Lunardi—Luna.

"And side by side the moon, he cried

'How do, fair cousin moon? eh!'

Through telescopes they were espied,

Baloon—Lunardi—Luna.

* * * * *

"When weary on the wing, to perchOnce more, and air abandon,Quite apropos he swooped in searchOf solid earth to 'Stand-on.'[4]

"When weary on the wing, to perch

Once more, and air abandon,

Quite apropos he swooped in search

Of solid earth to 'Stand-on.'[4]

* * * * *

"Now after all remains to tellHow learned Mr. Baker,Set up amoonstonewhere he fell,And called the field 'wise-acre.'

"Now after all remains to tell

How learned Mr. Baker,

Set up amoonstonewhere he fell,

And called the field 'wise-acre.'

Perhaps some of your correspondents could supply the remaining stanzas. I fancy there were several more. As far as I can remember, they chiefly related to M. Lunardi's conversation with the moon, which, involving some political allusions, did not so much hit my youthful imagination at the time. When a boy, I have frequently heard my father repeat the lines.

C. J. F.

Footnote 4:(return)Standon, Herts, where he alighted.

Standon, Herts, where he alighted.

Aërostation, Works on(Vol. ii., pp. 317. 380.).—If your correspondent who inquires respecting works on aërostation will look into theRevue des Deux Mondesfor October 15, he will find an article on that subject, detailing the various attempts made from the time of Montgolfier down to a very recent period.

A still later communication has been made to the world in the French newspaper,La Presse, of yesterday's date (Nov. 7th), relating, in terms of exultation, a successful experiment made in Paris by Messrs. Julien and Arnault to steer a machineagainst the wind, in which hitherto impracticable attempt they are said to have completely succeeded at repeated times, and the mechanicalmeans by which they attained their object are detailed.

J.M.

Oxford, Nov. 8.

Kilt(Vol. ii., p. 62.).—Your correspondentΣ. will find some information regarding the introduction of thekiltinto Scotland in a volume entitledNotes to assist the Memory in various Sciences, 2d edition, London, Murray, 1827. I quote the passage, p. 297.:

"The Pheliebeg.Thomas Rawlinson, an iron-smelter and an Englishman, was the person who, about or prior toA. D.1728, introduced the pheliebeg, or short kilt, worn in the Highlands. This fact, very little known, is established in a letter from Ewan Baillie, of Oberiachan, inserted in theEdinburgh Magazinefor 1785, and also by the Culloden Papers."

The writer of that work, and of thatdaringstatement, was, I have been informed, a Scottish military gentleman of the name of Hamilton. This origin of the kilt is also mentioned by Mr. Robert Chambers in hisLife of Duncan Forbes, of Culloden. See hisBiographical Dictionary of Eminent Scotsmen.

Scotus Secundus.

Edinburgh, Nov. 22.

Bacon Family(Vol. ii., p. 247.).—The origin, of this surname is to be found, I conceive, in the wordBeacon. The man who had the care of theBeaconwould be calledJohnorRoger of the Beacon. Beacon Hill, near Newark, is pronounced in that locality as if speltBacon Hill.

W. G. S.

Mariner's Compass(Vol. ii., p. 56.).—The "fleur de lis" was made the ornament of the northern radius of the mariner's compass in compliment to Charles of Anjou (whose device it was), the reigning king of Sicily, at the time when Flavio Gioja, the Neapolitan, first employed that instrument in navigation.

O. P. Q.

Arabic Numerals, Brugsch(Vol. ii., pp. 294. 424.).—Brugsch, Numerorum apud Veteres Ægyptos demoticorum Doctrina. Ex Papyris et Inscriptionibus nunc primum illustrata. 4to., with five plates of facsimiles, &c., is published in this country by Williams and Norgate, Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, where J. W. H. may see it, or whence he may get any information he may require respecting it.

Mr. Bohn has just issued a new volume of his Antiquarian Library; and we shall be greatly surprised if it does not prove one of the most popular of the whole series. It is a new and greatly enlarged edition of Mr. Keightley'sFairy Mythology illustrative of the Romance and Superstition of various Countries, a work characterised alike by a quick perception of the beauty of the popular myths recorded in its pages, the good taste manifested in their selection, and the learning and scholarship with which Mr. Keightley has illustrated them. The lovers of folk-lore will be delighted with this new edition of a book, which such men as Goethe, Grimm, Von Hammer, Douce, and Southey have agreed in commending; and of which the appearance is particularly well timed, for a fitter book for fire-side reading, or a Christmas present, we know not than this edition of Keightley'sFairy Mythology, with its inimitable frontispiece by George Cruikshank, which alone is worth the price of the volume.

Whitaker'sClergyman's Diary and Ecclesiastical Calendaris intended to supply a want which is acknowledged to have been long felt by the clergy, though the lawyer and man of business have been for many years well supplied with works of a similar character. A glance at the Table of Contents shows how much valuable matter, of especial interest to our clerical friends, has here been collected from various sources for their information; and to prove the value of a work destined, we have no doubt, to find for many years an extensive and well-deserved patronage.

Few of our readers but have tested and found the value of Mrs. Cowden Clarke'sConcordance to Shakspeare; and few are the nurseries into which some of her clever and kindly books for children have not found their way; so that albeit her projected series of tales,The Girlhood of Shakspeare's Heroines, scarcely belongs to the class of works usually noticed in our columns, we gladly find in Mrs. Clarke's love of children and reverence for Shakspeare, an excuse for saying a few words in favour of her good work of tracing the probable antecedents in the history of some of Shakspeare's heroines.

We have received the following Catalogues:—Edward Stibbs' (331. Strand) Catalogue, Part I, of a Valuable Collection of Books; W. S. Lincoln's (Cheltenham House, Westminster Road) Catalogue No. 63. of English and Foreign Second-hand Books.

Ducange's Glossary, (Didot's edition).

Odd Volumes.

Chalmer's British Poets, Vols. IV. and VI.

*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price,carriage free, to be sent toMr. Bell, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street

Norvicensisis informed that upon reference to Stewart's(11.King William Street)Catalogue, we find No.1304. Dodd's Commentary, 3 vols. folio, 1770,marked at2l.16s.The work is esteemed for the notes of Locke, Waterland, and Clarendon, which it contains.

We have again to request the indulgence of many of our correspondents for the postponement of their communications.

We have to thank several correspondents for correcting an oversight inDr. Bell'sarticle onJulin.The line

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