Replies.

Easton.

T. Gilburt on Clandestine Marriages.—I have a MS. against the validity of clandestine marriages, dated from Oxford, June 23rd, 1682, signed T. Gilburt. It is a learned and argumentative treatise on this subject. It is entitled:

"An Argument against the Validitie of Clandestine Marriages in the Sight of God. Sent with a Letter to a person of Qualitie desiring my Judgment in yecase wherein he was too nearly concerned."

I am anxious to know who this T. Gilburt may have been.

W. F.

Father Hehl, and Cahagnet.—If any of your numerous readers can say where any account of Father Hehl, who in 1774 discovered animal magnetism, may be found; and whether such a person as M. L. Alph. Cahagnet islivingin Paris or elsewhere, whether he is a doctor or pharmacien, what his age may be, and whether the persons whose letters are given in his book,Arcanes de la Vie future dévoilés, are real or imaginary beings, they will greatly comfort

Engastrimythus.

Roman Catholic Bishops in Ireland.—Can any of your readers refer me to any printed or manuscript account of the appointment of Roman Catholic bishops in Ireland by the Stuart family subsequent to the death of James II., containing names, dates, &c.?

Drumlethglas.

Derivation of the Word Fib.—Can any of your readers suggest a proper derivation of this word? Old Bailey, to whom a reference would occasionally save many doubts and inquiries, connects it with "fable." Johnson says nothing as to the etymology, but explains it as "a cant word among children;" while, at the same time, he inserts it on the authority of Pope and Arbuthnot.

In reading the works of that very learned and instructive author, Samuel Werenfels, I was struck with a passage in hisDiatribe de Meteoris, p. 272. (Amstel. Wetstein, 1702), which seemed to furnish a probable solution of the question:—"Propter abusum nominis Phœbi evenit, ut omnes qui, altius in oratione, quam decet, se extollere volunt, Gallis hodiernisφοιβολογεῖνPhœbum loqui,ParlerPhebus, dicantur." So far as the sound is concerned, this seems a nearer approximation to "fib" than the word "fable." The sense, too, is notveryremote from the accepted one of "talking fibs." Query, as to this conjecture?

C. H. P.

Brighton, Feb. 10. 1851.

Thomas May, the Author of the Supplement to Lucan.—Who was this Thomas May? To an Elzevir edition of Lucan, 1658, Amsterdam, "accuranto Cornelio Schrevelio," there is added "Supplementum Lucani Libri Septem; authore Thoma Maio, Anglo." In the preface it is stated, "Supplementum Lucani ab Anglo quodam antehâc seorsim editum, et huic materiæ aptissimum adjunximus, ne quid esset quod hic desideraretur." In the fourth book of thisSupplement, Cato is represented as soliloquising before his death as follows:—

"Quam diversa, inquit, restant post funera sortes!Credo equidem, divine Plato, te dogmata veraHæc ipsum docuisse Deum. Deus ipse sequendam(Aut Natura homines ratioque innata fefellit)Proposuit virtutem, et præmia debita justisHæc quonian justos injusta potentia fraudatSæpius in terris, et gens humana rebellatSolvere post mortem justissimus ipse tenetur."

"Quam diversa, inquit, restant post funera sortes!

Credo equidem, divine Plato, te dogmata vera

Hæc ipsum docuisse Deum. Deus ipse sequendam

(Aut Natura homines ratioque innata fefellit)

Proposuit virtutem, et præmia debita justis

Hæc quonian justos injusta potentia fraudat

Sæpius in terris, et gens humana rebellat

Solvere post mortem justissimus ipse tenetur."

The famous soliloquy in Addison'sCatoseems to resemble this, in its general tone of thought. In a former passage occur these lines:—

"Solatia sola hæc,Quod meliore frui post mortem lumine sperat.Immortalem animam spes hæc probat."

"Solatia sola hæc,

Quod meliore frui post mortem lumine sperat.

Immortalem animam spes hæc probat."

The idea is similar to that contained in—

"Else whence this pleasing hope, this fond desire,This longing after immortality?"

"Else whence this pleasing hope, this fond desire,

This longing after immortality?"

Addison seems to me to have had May's description of Cato's death in his mind, when he wrote the soliloquy.

J. H. L.

Bunting's Irish Melodies.—This admirable musical scholar many years since promised a new edition of the first two volumes of hisIrish Airs. Is there any hope of this being soon accomplished?

George Stephens.

Stockholm.

Rudbeck, Campi Elysii.—A copy of this work is said to exist in Sherard's[6]Collection, in the Botanical Garden, Oxford. It must have been acquiredbefore1797. (SeeBibliotheca Banksiana, iii. 67.)

Vol. I.—The title and some following leaves are written. Does any note exist as towhocopied these leaves, orwhen, orwhere?

Is any name of any former owner written on the book-back, title, or elsewhere; or is it known when it was purchased, or at what price?

Does any library-mark, auction-number, or other identifying signature occur?

Is it quite complete at the end, or is anything missing after page 224.?

Does the whole consist of figures, or have some leaves an introduction, text, or corrections, &c.?

Vol. II.—Does anything in this volume illustrate any of the above questions?

A Swedish Bibliognost.

Stockholm.

Footnote 6:(return)Sherard, 1738.

Sherard, 1738.

Prince of Wales' Motto(Vol. iii., p. 106.).—The Query ofEffessais one of great interest to us "Taffies," but I wish to add the following to it. Is there any foundation for the idea, which we so strenuously maintain, that "Ich Dien" is a misspelled edition of "Eich Dyn," "Behold the man:" and that the motto was bestowed on Edward of Carnarvon in consequence of his royal father having learned these two Welsh words, and made use of them when he presented his infant to the assembled tribes as a prince who could "speak no word of English?"

Seleucus.

Borrow's Danish Ballads.—The singular author ofLavengro, Mr. Geo. Borrow, some years ago published certain translations of Danish or other northern ballads, with which I have never been able to meet. Can you or any of your readers furnish me with the title of the book and publisher's name?

My curiosity respecting it has again been aroused somewhat strongly by the account inLavengroof the way in which he began to study Danish. It might afford a good lesson to allyoung"philologers."

I presume that, at the mature age of "Notes and Queries," commonplace compliments as to its usefulness and high general value, begin to be very stale; but I cannot close without a hearty "God speed" to you in your labours.

Bruno.

Head of the Saviour.—Can any of your readers give me some information about an engraving of our Saviour, which may just now be seen in many of the London print-shops? It represents the side-face, and is said to be a fac-simile of a likeness engraved on an emerald by order of some Roman Emperor, and which served as the ransom of some other famous person (who, I quite forget). Is this really the truth?

P. M. M.

Lines on English History.—The Sword Flamberg.—I shall be greatly obliged to any of your correspondents who can inform me where I can procure a copy of some lines on English history, commencing:

"William the Norman conquers England's state—In his own forest Rufus meets his fate," &c.

"William the Norman conquers England's state—

In his own forest Rufus meets his fate," &c.

They are said to be written by a Roman Catholic gentleman named Chaloner.

I also wish to know something about the old German sword called the "Flamberg." I have seen it represented as twisted like a column of flame, and should like to know its history, and whether there was any allusion in it to the flaming sword that kept the gate of Paradise.

Mention is made of it by Körner in his poem, "Männer und Buben:"

"Stosst mit anMann für MannWer den Flamberg schwingen kann."

"Stosst mit an

Mann für Mann

Wer den Flamberg schwingen kann."

Can your correspondents tell me, also, whether there is such a phrase, expressive of the place where four roads met, as a "four warnt way," and whence its origin, and how properly spelt?

An English Mother.

Denarius Philosophorum.—Can you inform me what the inscription "Denarius Philosophorum" means, on Bishop Thornborough's monument in Worcester Cathedral?

D. Y.

"Sees Good in everything."—Where does the line,

"Sees good in everything, and God in all."

come from?

D. Y.

Christchurch, Oxford.

Oxford Friar's Voyage to the North Pole.—In a book I have, entitledProspects of the most famous Parts of the World, date 1646, occurs the following:

"Towards the north pole we have gained, more in proportion, as far as Nova Zembla, and the sea is known to be navigable to the 81st degree: whether the rest be land or not it never yet appeared to any (as I heare of) but an Oxford Friar by a Magique voyage. He reports of a Black Rock just under the pole, and an Isle of Pygmies; other strange miracles, to which, for my part, I shall give little credit till I have better proof for it than the Devil's word."

Query, Who was the friar? and where is the account of his voyage to be found?

J. Y. R.

Roman Catholic Church.—The Rev. J. M. Neale has just published an appendix to hisIntroduction to the History of the Holy Eastern Church, containing a list of all the sees in that communion, with the names of the present possessors. Can any of your correspondents inform me where I can meet with a similar notitia of the sees in the Roman Catholic Church?

E. H. A.

[TheAlmanach du Clergé de Francecontains a catalogue of Roman Catholic bishops throughout the world, complied from documents furnished by the Congregation De Propaganda Fide of Rome.]

Cor Linguæ.—May I ask who is the author of the following epigram, quoted by Coke on the trial of Garnet?

"Cor linguæ fœderat naturæ sanctio,Veluti in quodam certo connubio;Ergo cum dissonent cor et locutio,Sermo concipitur in adulterio."

"Cor linguæ fœderat naturæ sanctio,

Veluti in quodam certo connubio;

Ergo cum dissonent cor et locutio,

Sermo concipitur in adulterio."

J. Bs.

Bishop Hooper's Godly Confession, &c.—Being engaged in editing Bishop Hooper's works, and finding myself impeded by want of the original edition of hisGodly Confession and Protestation of the Christian Faith, printed at London by John Day, 1550, I am induced to seek your assistance, and to ask whether you can inform me where a copy of the above work may be found?

(The Rev.) Charles Nevinson.

Browne's Hospital, Stamford.

Extradition, Ignore, Diamagnetism.—In pursuance of my note to you regarding the definition of words in science and literature which may have sprung up of late years, will you allow me to quote, as instances in the latter department, the two words "extradition" and "ignore?"

1. Is the following a correct definition of "extradition," viz., "the surrender by a state, of a political refugee, at the request of a foreign power?"

2. Is the etymology of the word made up of "extra" and "ditio" put for "deditio," a giving up or surrendering?

Does "ignore" mean to "treat as non-existent;" and are there no other words in the language which express exactly the meaning conveyed by these two?

In science, I would ask, is "diamagnetism" correctly explained by terming it "the property of any substance whereby it turns itself, when freely suspended, at right angles to the magnetic meridian."

P. S.

Cinquante Lettres d'Exhortation.—Can any of your readers inform me who is the author of the following work?—

"Cinquante lettres d'exhortation et de consolation sur les souffrances de ces derniers tems, et sur quelques autres sujets; écrites à diverses personnes par Mons. D. V. B. pendant ses exils et ses prisons, en France; et depuis que par ordre du Roi, il s'est retiré en Hollande. La Haye, 1704, 8vo."

The copy which I have seen is lettered on the back "Beringke-Lettres;" but I can find no account of any person of that name at all likely to have written the letters, nor any authority for ascribing their authorship to a person of that name.

Tyro.

Dublin.

Old Tract on the Eucharist.—Can any of your readers tell me the name of the author of the following tract?—

"A Full View of the Doctrines and Practices of the Ancient Church, relating to the Eucharist. Lond. 1688."

Wishing to procure a copy, I have asked several booksellers, but without success. It has been most strongly recommended by a writer of the present day.

Abhba.

(Vol. iii., p. 106.)

Your correspondent and querist, J. D. A., asks for some information respecting the coat of arms surmounted by a cardinal's hat, sculptured and affixed to one of the pillars of the south transept in St. Saviour's Church, Southwark. I send in reply an extract from a now scarce book, Arthur Tiler'sHistory and Antiquities of St. Saviour's, 1765, with which all the later historians of the church agree:—

"Anno 1400. 2 Hen. IV."The whole church was new built about this time; Henry Beaufort (second son of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, son of Edward III.), Cardinal of St. Eusebius, and Bishop of Winchester from the year 1405 to the time of his death in 1447, might have contributed towards the building, being a man of great wealth, for which he was called the rich Cardinal,as the arms of the Beauforts are carved in stone on a pillar in the south cross aisle; and by the remaining sculpture on each side it appears to be done for strings pendant from a Cardinal's hat placed over them. The arms are quarterly France and England, a border compone argent and azure."

"Anno 1400. 2 Hen. IV.

"The whole church was new built about this time; Henry Beaufort (second son of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, son of Edward III.), Cardinal of St. Eusebius, and Bishop of Winchester from the year 1405 to the time of his death in 1447, might have contributed towards the building, being a man of great wealth, for which he was called the rich Cardinal,as the arms of the Beauforts are carved in stone on a pillar in the south cross aisle; and by the remaining sculpture on each side it appears to be done for strings pendant from a Cardinal's hat placed over them. The arms are quarterly France and England, a border compone argent and azure."

When the transepts were rebuilt, some years since, the cardinal's hat, which till that time was nearly defaced, was then restored, and the coat of arms newly emblazoned.

W. B.

19. Winchester Place, St. Saviour's, Southwark.

[G. A. S. andJames H. Smithhave forwarded similar replies.]

With reference to the Query of J. D. A. (p. 106. antè), it would appear that the cardinal's hat, but with a difference in the number of rows of tassels, is sometimes seen on the monuments of men who never were raised to that dignity.

In the Cathedral of St. Canice, Kilkenny, are two monuments placed there during the rule of the Confederate Catholics, viz., that of James Cleere, "Protonotarius et Rector ecclesiæ D. Joannis Diœcesis oporiensis," who diedA.D.1643, Nov. 14; and David Rothe, intrusive Roman Catholic Bishop of Ossery, who died some years after—on both of which the arms of the individual are surmounted by a cardinal's hat. It is quite certain that neither of these ecclesiastics had a right to this distinctionas cardinals. For the right of Bishops and Prothonotaries to wear hats or caps of the same shape as the cardinals, with their colours and peculiarities, seeGlossary of Heraldry(Oxford), under "Cap-Cardinals." Any further examples will oblige

J. Graves.

Kilkenny, Feb. 10. 1851.

The Cardinal's hat, with arms beneath, on a pillar near the poet Gower's monument, in St. Saviour's, Southwark, refers directly to the beneficence of that busy cardinal and very remarkable man,Cardinal Beaufort, Bishop of Winchester, and who in that capacity resided in the adjoining palace; indirectly it refers to the marriage of James V. of Scotland with Jane Beaufort, the Cardinal's niece: and it is something to the honour of St. Mary Overies, (the church in question,) to add that it was within its walls that the ceremony took place. Besides Gower, the parish registers state that Edmond Shakspeare ob. 1607 (one of the brothers of the great dramatist), John Fletcher ob. 1625, and Philip Massinger ob. 1640. (See Mr. Knight'sOld England, eng. 548. p. 147.)

Blowen.

A cardinal's hat is differenced by colour and the number of its tassels, not by its shape, which is the same for all clergymen. Thus, for simple priests, a black hat, with one tassel on either side; for a bishop, a green hat with three tassels; for a cardinal, a crimson hat with five or seven tassels. What the reason may be for the variation in the number of the tassels amongst cardinals, I should be glad to learn.

W. D-n.

In Ciaconius (Vitæ et Res Gestæ Pontificum, Rome, 1630), there is a list of all the cardinals created up to that date, with their armorial bearings; and the only instances of France and England quarterly (which is, no doubt, what is intended), are those of Cardinal Beaufort, Bishop of Winchester, and Cardinal Hallum, Bishop of Salisbury. I can find no mention anywhere of the family of Cardinal Hallum, or Hallam; and should be glad to know who he was descended from, and why he had those arms assigned to him by Ciaconius, who is tolerably correct.

A. W. M.

(Vol. iii., p. 40.)

I cannot referDemonologistto anauthenticreport of Booty's case, but I believe none is more so, than that in Kirby'sWonderful and Eccentric Museum, vol. ii. p. 247.

The following extract is given from the journal of Mr. Spinks:—

"Friday, 15th May, 1687. We had the observation of Mr. Booty this day. Captain Barrisby, Captain Bristowe, Captain Brown, I, and Mr. Ball, merchant, went on shore in Captain Barnaby's boat, to shoot rabbits upon Stromboli; and when we had done we called all our men together by us, and about half an hour and fourteen minutes after three in the afternoon, to our great surprise, we all of us saw two men come running towards us with such swiftness that no living man could run half so fast as they did run, when all of us heard Captain Barnaby say, 'Lord bless me, the foremost is old Booty, my next-door neighbour;' but he said he did not know the other that run behind: he was in black clothes, and the foremost was in grey. Then Captain Barnaby desired all of us to take an account of the time, and put it down in our pocket-books, and when we got on board we wrote it in our journals; for we saw them into the flames of fire, and there was a great noise which greatly affrighted us all; for we none of us ever saw or heard the like before. Captain Barnaby said he was certain it was old Booty, which he saw running over Stromboli and into the flames of Hell. It is stated that Captain Barnaby told his wife, and she told somebody else, and that it was afterward told to Mrs. Booty, who arrested Captain Barnaby in a thousand pound action, for what he had said of her husband. Captain Barnaby gave bail to it, and it came on to a trial in the Court of King's Bench, and they had Mr. Booty's wearing apparel brought into court, and the sexton of the parish, and the people that were with him when he died; and we swore to our journals, and it came to the same time within two minutes; ten of our men swore to the buttons on his coat, and that they were covered with the same sort of cloth his coat was made of, and so it proved. The jury asked Mr. Spinks if he knew Mr. Booty. He answered, 'I never saw him till he ran by me on the burning mountain.'"

The chief justice from April, 1687, to February, 1689, was Sir Robert Wright. His name is not given in the report, butthe judgesaid—

"Lord have mercy upon me, and grant that I may never see what you have seen: one, two, or three may be mistaken, but thirty never can be mistaken. So the widow lost her suit."

An action for slander of a deceased husband, brought by the widow, and the defendant held to bail, is a remarkable beginning. The plea of justification, that Booty ran into Hell, is hardly supported by evidence that he ran into the flames at Stromboli. The evidence was, that the defendantsaidthat one of the two runners was Booty; it does not appear that the other witnesses knew him. The witnesses must have kept a good look to observe the buttons of Booty's coat when he ran more than twice as fast as any living man could run. Finally, as the time of the death and the observation "came to the same within two minutes," and Stromboli is about 15° east of Gravesend, Booty must have run to Hell before he died.

I have no doubt that "the case is well known in the navy." The facts are of the sort usually reported to the marines; but the law such as was unknown before 9 & 10 Vict. c. 95.

H. B. C.

U. U. Club, Feb. 11.

(Vol. ii., p. 440.; Vol. iii., p. 92.)

I question the position of S. K., that the phrase "post conquestum" is used in the deed he cites (Vol. ii., p. 92.) for the accession of the king. "Post conquestum" was, in records and deeds, applied with more or less frequency to all our kings, from Edward III. to Henry VIII. To show this I give the following references to the pages of Madox'sFormulare Anglicanum:—

Edward III.12. 19. 92. 94. 120. 121. 139. 140. 166. 167. 168. 201. 203. 228. 229. 230. 264. 282. 283. 318. 322. 349. 361. 362. 386. 387. 388. 389. 402. 403.

Richard II.66. 96. 122. 123. 140. 141. 169. 203. 268. 284. 323. 325. 326. 327. 362. 390. 404. 405. 410.

Henry IV.67. 97. 98. 124. 125. 142. 172. 204. 205. 269. 270. 284. 285. 328. 329. 330. 350. 391. 405. 407.

Henry V.67. 68. 126. 143. 144. 206. 285. 331. 391. 408. 420.

Henry VI.18. 34. 100. 101. 103. 104. 126. 127. 145. 147. 148. 206. 207. 208. 233. 270. 271. 286. 331. 332. 333. 334. 351. 364. 392. 393. 394. 409. 410. 434.

Edward IV.128. 148. 209. 234. 286. 335. 352. 365. 394. 395.

Richard III.108. 209. 212. 411.

Henry VII.71. 214. 235. 339. 352. 365. 396. 412. 438.

Henry VIII.235. 236. 273. 343. 396. 414.

I believe "post conquestum" was also applied to Edward V.; but the records and deeds of his short reign are necessarily but few.

I conjecture that the use of the term "post conquestum" thus originated.

As we had Kings of England of the name of Edward before the Conquest, Edward the First was distinguished from these monarchs by being styled "King Edward, the son of King Henry" (his father was called "King Henry, the son of King John"). In like manner, Edward II. was distinguished from his father by being called "King Edward, the son of King Edward;" but Edward III. could not thus be distinguished from his father; he was therefore called King Edward III.; but, as there were Kings Edwardbeforethe Conquest, the third was qualified by the addition of the phrase in question, "post conquestum." To Richard II. generally, and to his successors up to Henry VIII. either generally or occasionally, the same phrase, "post conquestum," was also applied; but, if we except Edward IV. and V., this phrase was not at all required, or applicable in their cases, inasmuch as no King of Englandbeforethe Conquest was named either Richard or Henry.

C. H. Cooper.

Cambridge, Feb. 4. 1851.

(Vol. ii., p. 375.; Vol. iii., p. 120.)

Upon the deposition of Richard II., 30th September, 1399, Henry IV., then Duke of Lancaster, claimed the crown in the following terms:

"In the name of the Fader, Sonne, and Holy Ghost, I, Henry of Lancastre, chalenge this Rewme of Ynglonde and the Croune, with all the Membres and the appurtenances, als I that am descendit be ryght lyne of the Blode comyng fro the gude Lord King Henry thirde, and thorghe that ryght that God of his grace hath sent me with helpe of my kyn and of my friendes to recover it: the which Rewme was in poynt to be ondone for defaut of Governance, and undoying of the gude Lawes."

Rapin observes upon this (vol. i. p. 476.):—

"It was not without reason that he affected to make use of obscure expressions, which left undetermined the foundation upon which he built his pretended right. If he seemed to derive his title from Henry III. rather than from Edward III., his grandfather, it was because there was a rumour that Edmund, Earl of Lancaster, surnamed Crouch-back, was eldest son of Henry III.; but by reason of his deformity Edward I., his younger brother, was placed on the throne. According to this supposition, the Duke would have made the ignorant believe he could ground his title upon being son of Blanch of Lancaster, granddaughter of Edmund Crouch-back, and heiress of that family. But as he was sensible everybody could not be imposed upon by so gross a forgery, he added certain expressions, intimating that he built his right also upon the service he had just done the state. This is the meaning of the claim, expressed in such obscure terms. As it was resolved to adjudge the crown to the Duke, the Parliament took care not to examine his claim too closely, but were very willing to suppose it uncontestable. Thus, without any regard to the just rights of the Earl of March, it was decreed that Henry should be proclaimed king, which was done that very day," &c.

It would seem, however, that Henry was to a certain extent compelled to make his claim to the crown in the form he did (Hales,Hist. C. L.c. 5.), notwithstanding his desire to do so as a conqueror. (Seld.Tit. Hon.l. 3.)

J. B. Colman.

Chauncy—Entwysel.—To a dry genealogical Query (Vol. iii., p. 61.), your readers will wish me to reply as briefly as possible. F. R. R. will find that Sir H. Chauncy's statement is borrowed from Weever. The latter founded his statement, that "Wilfred Entwysel was the last heir of his house," on the authority of Dalton, Norroy; but this statement, as your correspondent has shown, and as other evidence would prove, is not well-founded. It may be assumed that Sir Bertyne Entwysel did not leave issue,male, by Lucy his wife, the daughter of Sir John Ashton, of Ashton-under-Lyne, as Leland speaks of a daughter only, "of whom Master Bradene, of Northamptonshire, is descended." His connexion with Lancashire is shown by his epitaph, and by our finding his name as a witness to a Lancashire charter. The alliance which he formed may be urged as a further proof. Leland's expression, that "he came into England," may imply that Sir Bertyne remained in France discharging the duties of his office, from the period of the Battle of Agincourt, where hesignally distinguished himself, until his services were again called for in the Wars of the Roses.

J. H. M.

"Pretended" Reprint of Ancient Poetry, in J. Taylor's Catalogue of 1824 (Vol. ii., p. 463.), replied to byCato(Vol. ii., p. 500.).—My attention has been drawn to the above, wherein doubts have been raised as to the existence of a volume supposed to beUNIQUE; and criticisms follow on my note, which records the fact, that "onlyTWO COPIESwere reprinted."Catohas already stated that the reprinting theTWO COPIESwas at the expense of the late Rev. Peter Hall; andONE COPYproduced at his sale twenty shillings: the other copy bore the impress of Mr. Davidson, a highly respectable printer; and that only two copies were reprinted, one of which came direct to me from the Rev. Peter Hall. This copy was purchased from me by an eminent statesman, who has formed one of the finest libraries in the kingdom.

James Taylor,Formerly of Blackfriars Road.

Newick, Jan. 27. 1851.

Lights on the Altar.—I would refer your correspondentD. Sholbus(Vol. ii., p. 495.) to one of the Canons published under King Edgar, about the year 968. Lambard's Latin version of the ordinance is as follows:—

"Semper in ecclesia lumen ardeat dum Missa decantetur."

(Ἀρχαιονομία, ed. Wheloc. p. 70. Cantab. 1644. Compare Cressy'sChurch History of Brittany, p. 870.A.D.1668.)

R. G.

Cognation of the Jews and Lacedæmonians(Vol. ii., p. 377.).—I should occupy too much space in your interesting publication were I to give a list of the critics or ethnographers who have commented on this passage, and shall therefore be content to mention some of the most important works which may afford sufficient information, or at least enable your correspondent to pursue the inquiry farther.

Calmet'sDissertation sur la Parenté des Juifs et des Lacédémoniens, which is included in his Dissertations, Paris, 1720, in 3 vols. 4to, and also in hisCommentaires.—Stillingfleet'sOrigines Sacræ, book iii., c. 4., who admits the probability that the Spartans had relation to Abraham, as deriving from Phaleg, from whom Abraham came. This appears to have been intended by the expressions of Josephus,ἐξ ἑνὸς γένους καὶ ἐκ τῆς πρὸς Ἀβραμον οἰκειότητος(book xii. c. iv.); but the Versions, and most critics, interpret the words in the 12th chap. of 1 Maccabees,ἐκ γένους Ἀβρααμ, as implying that they came from Abraham: see Selden,de Synedriis, l. ii. c. iii. s.v.—The Rev. Charles Forster'sHistorical Geography of Arabia, part i. sect. vi., in which he discusses "the vestiges of Arab colonies, and maintains the Arabo-Abrahamic origin of the Greeks."—Stephanus Morinus, inDiss. de Cognatione Lacedæmoniorum et Hebræorum(inter dissertationes viii. Dordraci, 1700, 8vo.)

Your correspondent, who, in Vol. ii., p. 230., requests to be supplied with "a list of all the theories and publications respecting the ten tribes commonly called the Lost Tribes," will probably be satisfied with that furnished by Basnage'sHistory of the Jews, in which, however, he overlooks the theory of Olaus Rudbeckius, Filius, that they are to be found neither in Asia, nor Africa, nor America, but in Lapland! The same author, in a treatisede Ave Selau, cujus mentio fit Numer.xi. 31., endeavours to establish an analogy between the Hebrew and Gothic languages.

T. J.

Queen Mary's Lament(Vol. iii., p. 89.).—The following copy of verses, written by this beautiful and unfortunate princess, during her confinement in Fotheringay Castle, was presented to the public by the kindness of a very eminent and liberal collector:—

"Que suis-je helas? et de quoi sert la vie?J'en suis fors qu'un corps privé de cueur;Un ombre vayn, un objet de malheur,Qui n'a plus rien que de mourir en vie.Plus ne me portez, O enemys, d'envie,Qui n'a plus l'esprit à la grandeur,J'ai consommé d'excessive douleur,Voltre ire en bref de voir assouvie.Et vous amys qui m'avez tenu chere,Souvenez-vous que sans cueur, et sans santey,Je ne scaurois auqun bon œuvre faire.Souhaitez donc fin de calamitey,Et quesus basétant assez punie,J'aie ma part en la joie infinie."

"Que suis-je helas? et de quoi sert la vie?

J'en suis fors qu'un corps privé de cueur;

Un ombre vayn, un objet de malheur,

Qui n'a plus rien que de mourir en vie.

Plus ne me portez, O enemys, d'envie,

Qui n'a plus l'esprit à la grandeur,

J'ai consommé d'excessive douleur,

Voltre ire en bref de voir assouvie.

Et vous amys qui m'avez tenu chere,

Souvenez-vous que sans cueur, et sans santey,

Je ne scaurois auqun bon œuvre faire.

Souhaitez donc fin de calamitey,

Et quesus basétant assez punie,

J'aie ma part en la joie infinie."

The verses are written on a sheet of paper, by Mary herself, in a large rambling hand. The following literal translation of them was made by a countrywoman of Mary's, a lady in beauty of person and elegance of mind by no means inferior to that accomplished and unfortunate princess:

"Alas, what am I? and in what estate?A wretched corse bereaved of its heart,An empty shadow, lost, unfortunate:To die is now in life my only part.Foes to my greatness, let your envy rest,In me no taste for grandeur now is found;Consum'd by grief, with heavy ills oppress'd,Your wishes and desires will soon be crown'd.And you, my friends, who still have held me dear,Bethink you, that when health and heart are fled,And ev'ry hope of future good is dead,'Tis time to wish our sorrows ended here;And that this punishment on earth is given,That my pure soul may rise to endless bliss in heaven."

"Alas, what am I? and in what estate?

A wretched corse bereaved of its heart,

An empty shadow, lost, unfortunate:

To die is now in life my only part.

Foes to my greatness, let your envy rest,

In me no taste for grandeur now is found;

Consum'd by grief, with heavy ills oppress'd,

Your wishes and desires will soon be crown'd.

And you, my friends, who still have held me dear,

Bethink you, that when health and heart are fled,

And ev'ry hope of future good is dead,

'Tis time to wish our sorrows ended here;

And that this punishment on earth is given,

That my pure soul may rise to endless bliss in heaven."

Immediately before her execution she repeated the following Latin prayer, composed by herself,and which has been set to a beautiful plaintive air, by Dr. Harington of Bath:

"O Domine Deus speravi in te!O care mi Jesu, nunc libera me!In durâ catenâ, in miserâ poenâ desidero te!Languendo, gemendo, et genuflectendo,Adoro, imploro, ut liberes me!"

"O Domine Deus speravi in te!

O care mi Jesu, nunc libera me!

In durâ catenâ, in miserâ poenâ desidero te!

Languendo, gemendo, et genuflectendo,

Adoro, imploro, ut liberes me!"

It may be thus paraphrased:

"In this last solemn and tremendous hour,My Lord, my Saviour, I invoke Thy power!In these sad pangs of anguish and of death,Receive, O Lord, Thy suppliant's parting breath!Before Thy hallowed cross she prostrate lies,O hear her prayers, commiserate her sighs!Extend thy arms of mercy and of love,And bear her to thy peaceful realms above."Anecdotes of some Distinguished Persons,8vo. London, 1795, vol. i. p. 154.

"In this last solemn and tremendous hour,

My Lord, my Saviour, I invoke Thy power!

In these sad pangs of anguish and of death,

Receive, O Lord, Thy suppliant's parting breath!

Before Thy hallowed cross she prostrate lies,

O hear her prayers, commiserate her sighs!

Extend thy arms of mercy and of love,

And bear her to thy peaceful realms above."

Anecdotes of some Distinguished Persons,

8vo. London, 1795, vol. i. p. 154.

H. E.

Tandem D. O. M.(Vol. iii., p. 62.)—I would suggest that this inscription might be resolved into

"Tandem Deus Otia Misit,"

a thanksgiving for the fulfilment of some oft-made prayer or long-cherished hope; the idea—if I am right in my conjecture—having probably been taken from the 6th line of Virgil's 1st Eclogue—

"O Melibæe! deus nobis hæc otia fecit."

Any accounts that remain of the great Carthaginian Captain's Cornish namesake, may perhaps tend to show that he had preferred the "otium cum dignitate" of literary leisure to the turmoil of the battle of life, and to the use of theharness, whether civil or military, that it had forced him to wear.

C. Forbes.

Temple.

[J. V. S. suggests, "May it not in its complete state be 'Tandem Deo, Optimo et Maximo,' and its translation, 'When all is done, let praise be to God most mighty and most beneficent?'" and X. Z. says, "Possibly, 'Tandem desiderato opere mactus'—not, I think, a very choice specimen of Latinity, but perhaps good enough for a fly-leaf."]

Tandem D. O. M.(Vol. iii., p. 62.).—Is not D. O. M. the common abbreviation for "Deo Optimo Maximo?" and so the whole phrase an acknowledgment by the painful (and probably pious) collector of the most interesting library referred to, of his thanks to God on having "at length" obtained possession of some long-coveted folio, or vainly-sought-for edition?

J. Eastwood.

Ecclesfield.

D. O. M.—I am emboldened by the Query respecting "Tandem D. O. M. (Vol. iii., p. 62.) to ask, what is the solution of D. O. M.? On the head of a tombstone, the inscription is frequent on the continent. I am aware that it is interpreted "Deo Optimo Maximo" when occurring in the dedication of a church; but it appears on a tomb to supply the place of our M.S., or the D. M. of the Romans. Can any of your readers give me the true meaning? It must be well known, I should think, to all who have studied inscriptions. As I am indebted to Faber Marinus for an excuse for putting this Query, it is only courteous to suggest a solution to his D. O. M.—may it be "Datus omnino Musis?"

Ωω.

To such of our readers, and we believe they form neither the least numerous nor the least intelligent portion of our friends, who consider the columns which we devote toFolk Loreamong the most interesting parts of our paper, we recommend an attentive perusal of a little work, which has just reached a second edition, and which is calculated to invest with fresh interest that very curious subject. We allude to Dr. Herbert Mayo's volumeOn the Truths contained in Popular Superstitions, with an Account of Mesmerism. Dr. Mayo's object is "to exhibit in their true light the singular natural phenomena by which old superstition and modern charlatanism have in turn profited,—to indicate their laws, and to develope their theory"—and he does this in a way to excite the reader's deepest attention, and to convince him that there are more things in heaven and earth than are dreamt of in his philosophy.

Daily Steps towards Heaven, or Practical Thoughts on the Gospel History, and especially on the Life and Teaching of our Lord Jesus Christ. For every Day in the Year, according to the Christian Seasons, with Titles and Characters of Christ, and a Harmony of the Four Gospels, is the ample and descriptive title of a small devotional volume, which has been received with such favour by all classes of churchmen as to have passed through two large editions in little more than a twelve-month; which is better testimony to its merits than any we could give.

Messrs. Sotheby and Wilkinson will sell on Monday next, and the five following days, a valuable collection of Books, from the library of a gentleman in the country, among which will be found some curious early English Tracts relating to the Church, and some scarce poetical pieces.

Messrs. Puttick and Simpson, of 191. Piccadilly, will sell on Monday, and five following days, the valuable library of the late Rev. George Innes, Head Master of the King's School, Warwick; together with the library of a clergyman.

Books Received.—Dr. Pusey's Letter to the Lord Bishop of London, in explanation of some Statements contained in a Letter by the Rev. W. Dodsworth.

Directions for the Preservation of English Antiquities, especially those of the First Three Periods.By J. Y. Akerman. This little tract, which is illustrated with numerous woodcuts, has been prepared by the Secretary of the Society of Antiquaries, in a cheap form (it is soldfor a penny!), that by its wide circulation, especially among agricultural labourers, it may be the means of preserving many remains of interest. Is it too much to ask those who approve of Mr. Akerman's object to assist in its circulation; and to further that object by depositing any articles which it may be the means of rescuing from destruction either in the British Museum, or the Museum of the Society of Antiquaries.

Catalogues Received.—B. Quaritch's (16. Castle Street, Leicester Square) Cheap Book Circular, and Catalogue of Books in all Languages; J. Russell Smith's (4. Old Compton Street, Soho) Catalogue of Ancient Manuscripts on Vellum and Paper; Deeds, Charters, and other Documents relating to English Families and Counties; Hebrew Manuscripts, Autograph Letters, &c.

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