Chapter 2

Sesame and Lilies, § 30.*      *      *      *      *Whether it is indeed the gods who have given any gentleman the grace to despise the rabble depends wholly on whether it is indeed the rabble, or he, who are the malignant persons.Fiction, Fair and Foul, § 46.*      *      *      *      *I have summed the needful virtue of men under the terms of gentleness and justice; gentleness being the virtue which distinguishes gentlemen from churls, and justice that which distinguishes honest men from rogues. Now gentleness may be defined as the Habit or State of Love, and ungentleness or clownishness as the State or Habit of Lust.Now there are three great loves that rule the souls of men: the love of what is lovely in creatures, and of what is lovely in things, and what is lovely in report. And these three loves have each their relative corruption, a lust—the lust of the flesh, the lust of the eyes, and the pride of life.And, as I have just said, a gentleman is distinguished from a churl by the purity of sentiment he can reach in all these three passions; by his imaginative love, as opposed to lust; his imaginative possession of wealth as opposed to avarice; his imaginative desire of honour as opposed to pride.Fors Clavigera, Letter41.*      *      *      *      *Of all essential things in a gentleman's bodily and moral training, this is really the beginning—that he should have close companionship with the horse, the dog, and the eagle. Of all birthrights and bookrights—this is his first. He needn't be a Christian,—there have been millions of Pagan gentlemen; he needn't be kind—there have been millions of cruel gentlemen; he needn't be honest,—there have been millions of crafty gentlemen. He needn't know how to read, or to write his own name. But hemusthave horse, dog, and eagle for friends. If then he has also Man for his friend, he is a noble gentleman; and if God for his Friend, a king. And if, being honest, being kind, and having God and Man for his friends, hethengets these three brutal friends, besides his angelic ones, he is perfect in earth, as for heaven. For, to be his friends, these must be brought up with him, and he with them. Falcon on fist, hound at foot, and horse part of himself—Eques, Ritter, Cavalier, Chevalier.Yes;—horse and dog you understand the good of; but what's the good of the falcon, think you?To be friends with the falcon must mean that you love to see it soar; that is to say, you love fresh air and the fields. Farther, when the Law of God is understood, you will like better to see the eagle free than the jessed hawk. And to preserve your eagles' nests, is to be a great nation. It means keeping everything that is noble; mountains and floods, and forests, and the glory and honour of them, and all the birds that haunt them.Fors Clavigera, Letter75.BALLANTYNE PRESS, EDINBURGH*      *      *      *      *The Works of RuskinThese are published in various forms:—1. The Library Edition, now in course of issue.This is the definitive and complete edition, and contains much literary and personal matter, not published in any other form. It alone contains all Ruskin's works. This edition is strictly limited, and should be subscribed for without delay.2. The Works Edition. 8vo.3. The Students' Edition. Crown 8vo.4. The Pocket Edition. Fcap. 8vo. (See p. 3et sqq.).Intending Subscribers to THE LIBRARY EDITION can arrange for payment by annual instalments on application to the Publisher.Information about any of the foregoing can be had of Mr. G. Allen, 156 Charing Cross Road, London, who will send complete Catalogue on application.Ruskin Reprints forthe PocketFcap. 8vo, Gilt tops, Gilt backs.Autograph on side.CLOTH LIMP . . . 2s. 6d )LEATHER LIMP . . 3s. 6d ) net per Vol.With IndicesNOW READYSESAME AND LILIES.Three Lectures and Long Preface.THE CROWN OF WILD OLIVE.Essays on Work, Traffic, War, andthe Future of England.THE TWO PATHS.On Decoration and Manufacture.TIME AND TIDE.On Laws of Work.LECTURES ON ART.Delivered at Oxford in 1870.A JOY FOR EVER.On the Political Economy of Art.THE QUEEN OF THE AIR.A Study of Greek Myths.THE ETHICS OF THE DUST.On the Elements of Crystallisation.THE ELEMENTS OF DRAWING.With 50 Woodcuts.THE EAGLE'S NEST.On the Relation of Natural Science to Art.MUNERA PULVERIS.On the Elements of Political EconomyFRONDES AGRESTES.Readings in "Modern Painters."MORNINGS IN FLORENCE.Studies of Christian Art.ST. MARK'S REST.The History of Venice.THE STONES OF VENICE.Vol. I. Selections for Travellers.THE STONES OF VENICE.Vol. II. Selections for Travellers.*      *      *      *      *IN PREPARATIONRUSKIN TREASURIESA Series of little Books onLIFE, ART, TRADE, WORK, &c., &c.Demy 32mo, Cloth, 6d. each net;Leather, gilt, 1s. each netList of Titles—Wealth.Women and Dress.Girlhood.Religion.Art.Education and Youth.The Dignity of Man.Vulgarity.Liberty and Government.Economy.Maxims.Trade and Money.Books and Reading.The Bible.Shakespeare.The Greek Poets.The Latin Poets.Dante.Architecture.Artists (Various).Sculpture.Engraving and Photography.*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOKOF VULGARITY***

Sesame and Lilies, § 30.

*      *      *      *      *

Whether it is indeed the gods who have given any gentleman the grace to despise the rabble depends wholly on whether it is indeed the rabble, or he, who are the malignant persons.

Fiction, Fair and Foul, § 46.

*      *      *      *      *

I have summed the needful virtue of men under the terms of gentleness and justice; gentleness being the virtue which distinguishes gentlemen from churls, and justice that which distinguishes honest men from rogues. Now gentleness may be defined as the Habit or State of Love, and ungentleness or clownishness as the State or Habit of Lust.

Now there are three great loves that rule the souls of men: the love of what is lovely in creatures, and of what is lovely in things, and what is lovely in report. And these three loves have each their relative corruption, a lust—the lust of the flesh, the lust of the eyes, and the pride of life.

And, as I have just said, a gentleman is distinguished from a churl by the purity of sentiment he can reach in all these three passions; by his imaginative love, as opposed to lust; his imaginative possession of wealth as opposed to avarice; his imaginative desire of honour as opposed to pride.

Fors Clavigera, Letter41.

*      *      *      *      *

Of all essential things in a gentleman's bodily and moral training, this is really the beginning—that he should have close companionship with the horse, the dog, and the eagle. Of all birthrights and bookrights—this is his first. He needn't be a Christian,—there have been millions of Pagan gentlemen; he needn't be kind—there have been millions of cruel gentlemen; he needn't be honest,—there have been millions of crafty gentlemen. He needn't know how to read, or to write his own name. But hemusthave horse, dog, and eagle for friends. If then he has also Man for his friend, he is a noble gentleman; and if God for his Friend, a king. And if, being honest, being kind, and having God and Man for his friends, hethengets these three brutal friends, besides his angelic ones, he is perfect in earth, as for heaven. For, to be his friends, these must be brought up with him, and he with them. Falcon on fist, hound at foot, and horse part of himself—Eques, Ritter, Cavalier, Chevalier.

Yes;—horse and dog you understand the good of; but what's the good of the falcon, think you?

To be friends with the falcon must mean that you love to see it soar; that is to say, you love fresh air and the fields. Farther, when the Law of God is understood, you will like better to see the eagle free than the jessed hawk. And to preserve your eagles' nests, is to be a great nation. It means keeping everything that is noble; mountains and floods, and forests, and the glory and honour of them, and all the birds that haunt them.

Fors Clavigera, Letter75.

BALLANTYNE PRESS, EDINBURGH

*      *      *      *      *

The Works of Ruskin

These are published in various forms:—

1. The Library Edition, now in course of issue.

This is the definitive and complete edition, and contains much literary and personal matter, not published in any other form. It alone contains all Ruskin's works. This edition is strictly limited, and should be subscribed for without delay.

2. The Works Edition. 8vo.

3. The Students' Edition. Crown 8vo.

4. The Pocket Edition. Fcap. 8vo. (See p. 3et sqq.).

Intending Subscribers to THE LIBRARY EDITION can arrange for payment by annual instalments on application to the Publisher.

Information about any of the foregoing can be had of Mr. G. Allen, 156 Charing Cross Road, London, who will send complete Catalogue on application.

Ruskin Reprints forthe Pocket

Fcap. 8vo, Gilt tops, Gilt backs.Autograph on side.

CLOTH LIMP . . . 2s. 6d )LEATHER LIMP . . 3s. 6d ) net per Vol.With Indices

NOW READY

Three Lectures and Long Preface.

Essays on Work, Traffic, War, andthe Future of England.

On Decoration and Manufacture.

On Laws of Work.

Delivered at Oxford in 1870.

On the Political Economy of Art.

A Study of Greek Myths.

On the Elements of Crystallisation.

With 50 Woodcuts.

On the Relation of Natural Science to Art.

On the Elements of Political Economy

Readings in "Modern Painters."

Studies of Christian Art.

The History of Venice.

Vol. I. Selections for Travellers.

Vol. II. Selections for Travellers.

*      *      *      *      *

IN PREPARATION

RUSKIN TREASURIES

A Series of little Books onLIFE, ART, TRADE, WORK, &c., &c.

Demy 32mo, Cloth, 6d. each net;Leather, gilt, 1s. each net

List of Titles—

Wealth.Women and Dress.Girlhood.Religion.Art.Education and Youth.The Dignity of Man.Vulgarity.Liberty and Government.Economy.Maxims.Trade and Money.Books and Reading.The Bible.Shakespeare.The Greek Poets.The Latin Poets.Dante.Architecture.Artists (Various).Sculpture.Engraving and Photography.

*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOKOF VULGARITY***


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