How puns were made on Captain Newport's name119Great importance of the Indian alliance120Gentlemen as pioneers121All is not gold that glitters122Smith's attempts to make glass and soap123The Company is disappointed at not making more money124Tale-bearers and their complaints against Smith124Smith's "Rude Answer" to the Company125Says he cannot prevent quarrels125And the Company's instructions have not been wise126From infant industries too much must not be expected whilethe colonists are suffering for want of food127And while peculation and intrigue are rife and we are in soreneed of useful workmen128Smith anticipates trouble from the Indians, whose characteris well described by Hakluyt129What Smith dreaded130How the red men's views of the situation were changed131Smith's voyage to Werowocomoco132His parley with The Powhatan133A game of bluff134The corn is brought135Suspicions of treachery136A wily orator137Pocahontas reveals the plot138Smith's message to The Powhatan138,139How Smith visited the Pamunkey village and brought Opekankanoto terms139,140How Smith appeared to the Indians in the light of a workerof miracles141What our chronicler calls "a pretty accident"141How the first years of Old Virginia were an experiment incommunism142Smith declares "He that will not work shall not eat," butthe summer's work is interrupted by unbidden messmatesin the shape of rats143Arrival of young Samuel Argall with news from London143,144Second Charter of the London Company, 1609144The council in London145The local government in Virginia is entirely changed andThomas, Lord Delaware, is appointed governor for life146A new expedition is organized for Virginia, but still with acommunistic programme147,148How the good ship Sea Venture was wrecked upon the Bermudas149How this incident was used by Shakespeare in The Tempest150Gates and Somers build pinnaces and sail for Jamestown,May, 1610151The Third Supply had arrived in August, 1609151And Smith had returned to England in October152Lord Delaware became alarmed and sailed for Virginia152Meanwhile the sufferings of the colony had been horrible153Of the 500 persons Gates and Somers found only 60 survivors,and it was decided that Virginia must be abandoned154Dismantling of Jamestown and departure of the colony154,155But the timely arrival of Lord Delaware in Hampton Roadsprevented the dire disaster155
CHAPTER V.
BEGINNINGS OF A COMMONWEALTH.
To the first English settlers in America a supply of Indiancorn was of vital consequence, as illustrated at Jamestownand Plymouth156Alliance with the Powhatan confederacy was of the first importanceto the infant colony157Smith was a natural leader of men157With much nobility of nature158And but for him the colony would probably have perished159Characteristic features of Lord Delaware's administration160Death of Somers and cruise of Argall in 1610161Kind of craftsmen desired for Virginia162Sir Thomas Dale comes to govern Virginia in the capacity ofHigh Marshal163A Draconian code of laws164Cruel punishments165How communism worked in practice166How Dale abolished communism167And founded the "City of Henricus"167,168How Captain Argall seized Pocahontas168Her marriage with John Rolfe169How Captain Argall extinguished the Jesuit settlement atMount Desert and burned Port Royal170But left the Dutch at New Amsterdam with a warning171How Pocahontas, "La Belle Sauvage," visited London andwas entertained there like a princess171,172Her last interview with Captain Smith172Her sudden death at Gravesend173How Tomocomo tried to take a census of the English173How the English in Virginia began to cultivate tobacco inspite of King James and his Counterblast174Dialogue between Silenus and Kawasha175Effects of tobacco culture upon the young colony176,177The London Company's Third Charter, 1612177,178How money was raised by lotteries178How this new remodelling of the Company made it an importantforce in politics179Middleton's speech in opposition to the charter180Richard Martin in the course of a brilliant speech forgetshimself and has to apologize181How factions began to be developed within the London Company182Sudden death of Lord Delaware183Quarrel between Lord Rich and Sir Thomas Smith, resultingin the election of Sir Edwin Sandys as treasurer of theCompany184Sir George Yeardley is appointed governor of Virginia whileArgall is knighted185How Sir Edwin Sandys introduced into Virginia the firstAmerican legislature, 1619186How this legislative assembly, like those afterwards constitutedin America, were formed after the type of theold English county court187How negro slaves were first introduced into Virginia, 1619.188How cargoes of spinsters were sent out by the Company inquest of husbands189The great Indian massacre of 1622189,190
CHAPTER VI.
A SEMINARY OF SEDITION.
Summary review of the founding of Virginia191-194Bitter hostility of Spain to the enterprise194Gondomar and the Spanish match195Gondomar's advice to the king196How Sir Walter Raleigh was kept twelve years in prison197But was then released and sent on an expedition to Guiana198The king's base treachery199Judicial murder of Raleigh200How the king attempted to interfere with the Company'selection of treasurer in 1620201How the king's emissaries listened to the reading of thecharter202Withdrawal of Sandys and election of Southampton203Life and character of Nicholas Ferrar203-205His monastic home at Little Gidding205How disputes rose high in the Company's quarter sessions206,207How the House of Commons rebuked the king207,208How Nathaniel Butler was accused of robbery and screenedhimself by writing a pamphlet abusing the Company208Some of his charges and how they were answered by Virginiasettlers209As to malaria209As to wetting one's feet210As to dying under hedges211As to the houses and their situations211,212Object of the charges212Virginia assembly denies the allegations213The Lord Treasurer demands that Ferrar shall answer thecharges214A cogent answer is returned214,215Vain attempts to corrupt Ferrar215,216How the wolf was set to investigate the dogs216The Virginia assembly makes "A Tragical Declaration"217On the attorney-general's advice aquo warrantois served217,218How the Company appealed to Parliament, and the king refusedto allow the appeal217,218The attorney-general's irresistible logic219Lord Strafford's glee220How Nicholas Ferrar had the records copied221,222The history of a manuscript221,222
CHAPTER VII.
THE KINGDOM OF VIRGINIA.
A retrospect223Tidewater Virginia224A receding frontier224,225The plantations225Boroughs and burgesses226Boroughs and hundreds227,228Houses, slaves, indentured servants, and Indians229Virginia agriculture in the time of Charles I230Increasing cultivation of tobacco231Literature; how George Sandys entreated the Muses withsuccess232Provisions for higher education233Project for a university in the city of Henricus cut short bythe Indian massacre234Puritans and liberal churchmen235How the Company of Massachusetts Bay learned a lessonfrom the fate of its predecessor, the London Companyfor Virginia236,237Death of James I238Effect upon Virginia of the downfall of the Company238-240The virus of liberty240How Charles I. came to recognize the assembly of Virginia241-243Some account of the first American legislature243,244How Edward Sharpless had part of one ear cut off245The case of Captain John Martin245How the assembly provided for the education of Indians246And for the punishment of drunkards246And against extravagance in dress246How flirting was threatened with the whipping-post247And scandalous gossip with the pillory247How the minister's salary was assured him247How he was warned against too much drinking and card-playing248Penalties for Sabbath-breaking248Inn-keepers forbidden to adulterate liquors or to charge toomuch per gallon or glass249A statute against forestalling249,250How Charles I. called the new colony "Our kingdom ofVirginia"251How the convivial governor Dr. Pott was tried for stealingcattle, but pardoned for the sake of his medical services253Growth of Virginia from 1624 to 1642253,254
CHAPTER VIII.
THE MARYLAND PALATINATE.
The Irish village of Baltimore255Early career of George Calvert, first Lord Baltimore255,256How James I. granted him a palatinate in Newfoundland256Origin of palatinates256,257Changes in English palatinates258,259The bishopric of Durham259,260Durham and Avalon260How Lord Baltimore fared in his colony of Avalon in Newfoundland261His letter to the king262How he visited Virginia but was not cordially received263,264How a part of Virginia was granted to him and received thename of Maryland265Fate of the Avalon charter266Character of the first Lord Baltimore267Early career of Cecilius Calvert, second Lord Baltimore268How the founding of Maryland introduced into America anew type of colonial government269,270Ecclesiastical powers of the Lord Proprietor271Religious toleration in Maryland272The first settlement at St. Mary's273Relations with the Indians274Prosperity of the settlement275Comparison of the palatinate government of Maryland withthat of the bishopric of Durham275-285The constitution of Durham; the receiver-general276Lord lieutenant and high sheriff276Chancellor of temporalities277The ancient halmote and the seneschal277The bishop's council278Durham not represented in the House of Commons untilafter 1660278Limitations upon Durham autonomy279The palatinate type in America280Similarities between Durham and Maryland; the governor281Secretary; surveyor-general; muster master-general; sheriffs282The courts282,283The primary assembly283Question as to the initiative in legislation284The representative assembly284,285Lord Baltimore's power more absolute than that of any kingof England save perhaps Henry VIII285
CHAPTER IX.
LEAH AND RACHEL.
William Claiborne and his projects286Kent Island occupied by Claiborne287Conflicting grants288Star Chamber decision and Claiborne's resistance289Lord Baltimore's instructions290The Virginia council supports Claiborne290,291Complications with the Indians291,292Reprisals and skirmishes293Affairs in Virginia; complaints against Governor Harvey293,294Rage of Virginia against Maryland294,295How Rev. Anthony Panton called Mr. Secretary Kemp ajackanapes295Indignation meeting at the house of William Warren296Arrest of the principal speakers296Scene in the council room296,297How Sir John Harvey was thrust out of the government297How King Charles sent him back to Virginia298Downfall of Harvey299George Evelin sent to Kent Island299Kent Island seized by Leonard Calvert300The Lords of Trade decide against Claiborne301Puritans in Virginia301,302The Act of Uniformity of 1631303Puritan ministers sent from New England to Virginia303The new Act of Uniformity, 1643304Expulsion of the New England ministers304Indian massacre of 1644305Conflicting views of theodicy306Invasion of Maryland by Claiborne and Ingle306-308Expulsion of Claiborne and Ingle from Maryland308Lord Baltimore appoints William Stone as governor308Toleration Act of 1649309-311Migration of Puritans from Virginia to Maryland312Designs of the Puritans313Reluctant submission of Virginia to Cromwell314Claiborne and Bennett undertake to settle the affairs ofMaryland315Renewal of the troubles316The Puritan Assembly and its notion of a toleration act316Civil war in Maryland; battle of the Severn, 1655317Lord Baltimore is sustained by Cromwell and peace reignsonce more318
MAPS.