Libraries, Circulating, I., 123;public, 187-191Library, National, I., 86, 87, 187, 189-191;Arsenal, 290;in the Hôtel de Pimodan, 291;of the Institute, II.,55;Sainte-Geneviève, 65, 66;in the School of Mines, 167Lighting of Paris, II.,28L’Île de la Cité, I., 6, 249L’illustre Theatre, II.,291Littéraire, Café, I., 107, 108Liszt, Abbé, I., 315Locke interests himself in an opera-singer, I., 74Lombards, College and chapel of the, II.,71Lomenie de Brienne et Loutrec, Hôtel, II.,177,237,238London contrasted with Paris, I., 9Longchamp, Abbey of, I., 219-221;promenade, 221L’Opéra, Place de, I., 133Loriquet, Father, as an historian, II.,250,251Lorme, Marion de, and her residence in the Place Royale, I., 69L’Orme, Philibert de, and the church of Saint Eustace, I., 5Lorraine, Cardinal de, and the massacre of St. Bartholomew, I., 22Losme, De, major of the Bastille, I., 52Louis VI. and the right of clergy to fight duels, I., 346Louis VII., his offence against the Chapter of Notre Dame, I., 12, 13;and the lepers, II.,142Louis IX. and the Louvre, I., 194Louis XI. borrowing a book from the Faculty of Medicine, I., 13;his coronation, 314Louis XII., his library, I., 187Louis XIII., his statue erected by Richelieu, I., 69, 70;his funeral, 99;and the Palais Royal, 166;and the Royal Printing Office, 307;and the Jardin des Plantes, II.,147;and Versailles, 338Louis XIV., Statue of, I., 2;proscribes Gothic architecture, 5;and the burial of Molière, 58, 111;and opera-singers, 89;his funeral, 99; II.,94;and the Italian actors, I., 117;and the licence for masked balls, 139;presents the Palais Royal to Philip of Orleans, 166;and the Louvre, 197-199;his collection of pictures, 201, 202;and duelling, 350;and disabled soldiers, II.,187;and Versailles, 338Louis XV. consigns the Encyclopædia to the Bastille, I., 55;stabbed by Damiens, 76;his conduct compared with that of the Duke of Berri, 91;his funeral, 99; II.,95;and the Madeleine, I., 142;his statue, 143, 144;and the Comédie Française, 175;and the Royal Military School, 229;founds the Church of Sainte-Geneviève, II.,62;and the beggars, 326Louis XVI. confined in the Rue du Temple, I., 2, 70;after the capture of the Bastille, 52;his mild government, 55;flight from Paris, 87, 211;reputed burial-place, 100;his execution, 146, 147-150;brought back to the Tuileries, 214;and the celebration in the Champ de Mars, 231, 232;his trial, II.,234;and Versailles, 345Louis XVII., his life in the Temple and death, I., 70;the supposition that he escaped from the Temple and lived till 1872, 70, 71;his reputed burial-place, 100Louis XVIII. inaugurates the new statue of Henry IV., I., 35;and the burial of Mlle. Raucourt, 58;and the murder of the Duke of Berri, 90;obsequies of, II.,96,99;and the Madeleine, I., 142;and the pictures in the Louvre, 204;and the dungeon of Marie Antoinette, 263;and Lavalette, 318, 320;and the Abbé Edgeworth, II.,302Louis Napoleon, Prince, his two attempts to secure the throne, I., 95-97; II.,116-123;his trial at the Luxemburg, 123, 124.(See also Napoleon III.)Louis-Philippe:abdication and flight, I., 2, 3;fortifications constructed under, 7;lays first stone of the monument in the Place de la Bastille, 59;military glories of his reign, 75;Fieschi’s attempt upon his life, 76-79; II.,112-114;hissang-froid, I., 78;insurrection of June, 1832, against him, 93, 94;his burial-place, 100;unveils the new statue of Napoleon on the Vendôme Column, 156;and the Palais Royal, 167, 168;and the Élysée Palace, 218;and the Arc de Triomphe, 225;and Talleyrand, II.,241Louis-Philippe Bridge, II.,34Louis, Dr., and the guillotine, I., 328, 329Louis le Gros and the Palais de Justice, I., 250Louis, St.:funeral, I., 98;preservation of his heart, 102; II.,91;effigy in the Palais de Justice, I., 260;and Blanche de Castille, I., 267Louis, St., Bridge, I., 34Louis, St., Island of, II.,34Louis, St., and St. Paul, Church of, and a picture by Eugène Delacroix, I., 284Louvel, assassin of the Duke of Berri, I., 90, 91;his trial, II.,114-116Lovat, Lord, Decapitation of, and George Selwyn, I., 18Louviers, Island of, II.,34Louvre, The:origin, I., 193;reconstructed by Philip Augustus, 194;the Tower, 194;additions made by Louis IX. and Charles X., 194;historical events, 194, 195;its architect and alterations by Catherine de Médicis, 195;royal residents, 196, 197;extensions, under Louis XIV., 198;its picture-gallery, 199, 201-206;completed by Napoleon III.,200Lucas, Hippolyte, librarian at the Arsenal, I., 290Lulli’s operas, I., 127, 135Lunatic asylums, II.,207-214, 223-225Lunatics, Prison for, I., 63;their treatment at various periods, 207, 208;number in France, 209Lunge, The brothers, I., 111Lutetia, the Paris of the Romans, I., 3;its position and development, 6;rebuilt and governed as a Roman town, 6;and the Emperor Julian, 7;governed by bishops, besieged by Franks, and invaded by Normans, 7;an island, 7;its church and palace, 249;and the hot baths, II.,73Lutheran Church, I., 304Luxemburg Palace, I., 10;its originator and various owners, II.,111;becomes the Senate or Chamber of Peers, 112;celebrated trials, 112;trial of Fieschi, 112-114;trial of Louvel, 114-116;trial of Louis Napoleon, 116-124;and the case of Praslio, 124, 129;the gardens and picture-gallery, 130Luxor, Obelisk of, I., 154Lyceum of Louis the Great, II.,59Lyons, Number of Huguenots killed at, I., 27;incidents of the massacre of Huguenots, 27Machines, Exhibition of, I., 301, 302MacMahon, Marshal, II.,358Madeleine, The, its architecture, I., 11, 142;its history, decorations, preachers, &c., 142, 143Madeleine, Boulevard, I., 43, 142Magic, Burning for the crime of, I., 15Magicians in Paris, I., 16, 17;patronised by Catherine de Médicis, 42Magloire, St., Abbey of, I., 314Magny Restaurant, II.,108Maintenon, Mme. de, satirised by Italian actors, I., 116;and disabled soldiers, II.,187;and the Tsar, 344Maison Dorée, La, I., 122, 123Maison de Villas, II.,331Malesherbes, M. de, and the execution of Louis XVI., I., 147;his monument in the Palais de Justice, 258Malle de Scudéry, novelist, I., 299Man in the iron mask, I., 284Mandelot, Governor of Lyons, and the massacre of Huguenots, I., 27Maniaut, Du, and Porte Saint-Martin Theatre, I., 92Mansard, the architect, I., 67;and the Place Vendôme, 155;and the Val de Grâce, II.,90Manteuffel, Baron Ernest von, andLes deux Pages, I., 36Maps, School of, I., 305Maquet, Auguste, I., 303Mara, Mme., I., 135Marais, The, its illustrious residents, I., 67Marais, Rue des, I., 3, 67Marais, Théâtre du, I., 174; II.,110Marat, I., 151;disposal of his remains, II.,106;editor ofAmi du Peuple, 109Marble Table, Theatre of the, I., 250, 252Marcel, Étienne, Mayor of Paris, I., 242;builds the Bastille, 286Marcellus, Bishop, I., 14Marchaud, Guillaume, architect and builder of Pont-Neuf, I., 31Marché, Rue du, I., 161Marché des Innocents, Rue du, Events associated with, I., 3Margaret of Navarre, Queen, and the preaching of Protestants, I., 287; II.,38Marguerite of Lorraine, Marriage of, I., 27Marguerite de Valois and her lovers, I., 35; II.,159Marie Antoinette confined in the Rue du Temple, I., 2, 70;at a notable performance at the Académie Royale de Musique, 87;insulted at the Opéra Comique, 87;marriage, 144;her execution, 150;carries her son into the Assembly, 207;in the Conciergerie, 263;affair of the necklace, 307; II.,345Marie de Médicis and her belief in magic, I., 17;and the Luxemburg Palace, II.,111Marie Bridge, II.,34Marigny, Avenue, I., 223, 224Market:in the Place de la République, I., 84;in the Place de la Madeleine, 142;Temple, 303, 304;Innocents, 312;Corn, 314, 318;Fish, 315; II.,316;Ave Maria, I., 290;of St. Germain, II.,171Markets, Central, I., 314, 315-318; II.,166,167,315,316Marly, II.,339,340Marne, River, II.,287Marot, Clément, his translation of the Psalms, I., 287; II.,38Marriage of Duc de Joyeuse and Marguerite of Lorraine at the Church of St.-Germain-l’Auxerrois, I., 27Marriage of Figaro, I., 44-46, 179;its effect on the public mind, 67Mars, Mlle., I., 103;inHernani, 181, 183;and Mlle. Rachel, 298Martin, St., Boulevard, I., 93Martin, St., Porte, I., 93, 98Masked balls, I., 139Massacre of St. Bartholomew and the bell of St.-Germain-l’Auxerrois, I., 2, 9, 289;its authors, 22, 289;preparations, 23;murder of Coligny, 24, 289Massenet’s operas, I., 138Maubuée, La, Jews roasted at, I., 3Maurevel fires at Admiral Coligny, I., 23Maury, M. l’Abbé, his oration in defence of the Parliament, I., 163, 164Mazarin, and Count de Rochefort, I., 37;and the introduction of opera into France, 74, 116;his project for establishing a college, II.,289Mazarin Library, I., 191Mazarin Palais, II.,288Mazas, Prison of, I., 261; II.,131;construction, and riots of first inmates, 137;and the cellular system, 137, 138;sanitation, régime, and administration, 138Medicine, School of, and practical school, II.,106,107Mendicancy, II.,324-330Ménilmontant, I., 335Mercier, his description of the Pont-Neuf, I., 36, 37;on the Académie Française, 37, 38;description of public executioner, 39;on the political indifference of Parisians, and the mild government of Louis XVI., 54, 55;on hackney coaches, 262;on the spy system, 271, 272;on the Hôtel-Dieu, 279-281;on the Mont-de-Piété, 306;views on the Sorbonne, II.,52,53;on the Panthéon, 64Méry at the Café de la Régence, I., 109Méry, St., Church of, I., 93, 293, 294Meyerbeer, hisRobert le Diable, I., 135Michelet on the Jacobins, I., 162Middle Ages:curiosities of the period in the Cluny Museum, II.,78;arms and armour in the Artillery Museum, 86, 87;burning of lunatics, 207Mignard, the painter, I., 159Mignons, The, their contest with the partisans of the Duke of Guise, I., 69Mignot, François Marie, I., 322Military School, Site of old, I., 127Military spectacles in circuses and theatres, I., 75Mille, Laurent de, and the assassination of a banker in the Rue de Venise, I., 298Mineralogy, Museum of, II.,130Ministry of Justice, I., 158Mirabeau:his motion in the Assembly on July 8th, 1789, I., 47;his death, 163;place of burial, II.,63;letters from the Bastille to “Sophie,” 139, 279;early life, marriage, and imprisonment, 279;captivity at Vincennes, and visit to Prussia, 280;his “Secret History,” and “Prussian Monarchy,” 281;political life, relations with the Court, and his death, 282;and the Breton Club, I., 162Miraille, Dominique, burnt for the crime of magic, I., 15Miramion, Madame Beauharnais de, and her house of refuge for girls, II.,138Mirlitons Club, I., 140Miron, François, his offering of a silver lamp in Notre-Dame, I., 15Molay, Jacques de, burned on the Pont-Neuf, I., 3, 276Molé, in theMarriage of Figaro, I., 45Molière, birthplace, I., 2, 322;death and burial, 2, 58, 111, 112;residence, 111;benevolent act of his widow, 112;his borrowing from the Italians, 117;as represented by Scarron, 173, 174;estrangement from Racine, 174;joins a troop of wandering players, 174;imprisoned for debt, 290;his Scottish descent, 315;and the Val de Grâce, II.,91Molière Theatre, I., 296Momus, Café, I., 110, 111Monastery of the Jacobins, I., 161Monceau, Parc, I., 344Monks and duelling, I., 346Montalivet, M. de, his interview with Napoleon, I., 291Montansier, Mlle., I., 86, 183Mont-de-Piété, I., 305, 306;external appearance, II.,160;internal arrangements, 161;Alfred Delvau’s description of the borrowers, 162;its founder, 163;description by M. Blaize, 163-166Montesquieu shoots the Prince of Condé, I., 22;his interest in opera-singers, 74Montgomery kills Henri II. in a tournament, I., 68Montlhéry, Battle of, I., 43, 144Montmartre, Boulevard, in former times, I., 2, 104, 113;Butte, 340, 342;Cemetery, 342;observatory, 342;and the church of St. Peter, 342;and the Frascati gaming-house, 104-106Montmorency, Constable de, Hotel built by, I., 290Montparnasse, its associations and occupants, II.,250-253Montparnasse Theatre, II.,250Monument to the Republic, I., 84Moralities, Performance of, at the Palais de Justice, I., 250Moreau, Hégésippe, II.,250,251Morgue, The, II.,34,35Moulins, Assembly at, I., 22Mun, Comte de, II.,71Municipality of Paris, I., 243Murat and the Élysée Palace, I., 218Mürger, Henri, I., 110, 342;his “Vie de Bohême,” 367Murillo, his “Conception of the Virgin,” at the Louvre, I., 206Museum, Artillery, II.,83-88;Carnavalet, I., 67, 310;Cluny, II.,76-82;of French monuments, II.,175;of mineralogy, II.,130;des Thermes, I., 314Musical Artists, Society of, I., 315Musset, Alfred de, at the Café de la Régence, I., 109Mysteries, Performance of, I., 19, 226, 314Napoleon I. and his coronation in Notre-Dame, I., 12, 19-21;andThe Man of Destinyat Porte Saint-Martin Theatre, 92;his burial-place, 100;and opera-singers, 135;and the Madeleine, 142;and the Column of Austerlitz, 155;and the Comédie Française, 178;at the Élysée Palace, 218;and the Bois de Boulogne, 222;and the Arc de Triomphe de l’Étoile, 224;at the Royal Military School, 230;and the Rue de Rivoli, 283;and the Legislative Body, II.,232;his nobility, 303Napoleon III.:his burial-place, I., 100; II.,97;completes the Louvre, I., 200;and the Rue de Rivoli, 283;birthplace, 340;and the monument to Marshal Ney, II.,106;sends 500 citizens to Sainte-Pélagie, 141;creation of nobles, 303.(See also Louis Napoleon)Napoleon III. Bridge, II.,33Napoleon Barracks, I., 283National Assembly:its heroic behaviour during the revolution of 1789, I., 50;decrees the destruction of royal tombs, 102; II.,98;description of a debate, I., 163-165National Guard, their behaviour at the insurrection of June, 1832, I., 94National Library:the danger of fire from the proximity of the Salle Montansier, I., 86, 87;and Louis XI., 187;sequestration of Scheffer and Hanequis’ books, 187;its gradual growth, 189, 190;regulations, 191National Museum of French Monuments, II.,175National School of Mines, II.,166National workshops, II.,130,247Naundorff, pretender to the French throne, I., 70, 71Naval and Military Club, I., 140Navarre, Queen of, Death of the, I., 23Necker, Dismissal of, I., 47;bust, veiled with crape, carried through Paris, 48Necklace, diamond, Affair of the, II.,345Necropolis of Saint-Denis, Burial of kings at the, I., 98-102;destruction of tombs and mausoleums by the National Assembly, 102Nemours, Duc de, his duel with the Duke de Beaufort, I., 350Nesle, Mme. de, principal in a duel, I., 350Nesle, Tower of, II.,288Neuf Bridge, II.,34Nevers, Duke of, I., 23New Opéra, The:dimensions, I., 133;opening, cost, and number of persons employed, 138;masked ball, 139New Year’s gifts, I., 113, 114; II.,22New York Herald, Office of the, I., 140Newspapers suppressed by Charles X., I., 2;after the Revolution, II.,180;prosecutions of 1835, 181;the first paper, 270;leading newspapers and their writers, 270-273Ney, Marshal, and the fencing-master, I., 350;espousal of the cause of Napoleon, II.,103,104;trial and execution, 105, 106;monument to his memory, 106Nicholas-in-the-Fields, St., Church of, I., 299Nobility, Emigration of the, II.,295-298Nodier, Charles, custodian of the Arsenal Library, I., 290Normans, their burning of a part of Paris, I., 3;invasion of Paris, 7Notre-Dame, founding of, I., 3;Paris seen from the towers of, 4;on the site of a Temple to Jupiter, 6, 12, 14;coronation of Napoleon in, 12, 19-21;wand of Louis VII. deposited in, 12, 13;funeral of Raimond Diocre, 13, 14;formerly consisting of two edifices, 14;known as the “New Church” in the twelfth century, 14;embellishments under Louis XIII.,14;mutilations and restoration, 14;absolution of Raymond VII.,14;put to various uses, 15;coronation of Henry VI. of England as King of France, 15;panic caused by robbers, 15;celebration of the Feast of Reason, 15;executions in front of, 15;penance of Damiens in front of, 17;mass for Madeleine Guimard’s broken arm, 19;dramatic performances, 19Notre-Dame-de-Lorette, Church of, I., 340Novels, Price of, I., 124Nursing Institution, II.,196Obelisk of Luxor, I., 154Observatory, founding and design, II.,102;copper cupola, 102;instruments, 102, 103;execution of Marshal Ney in the Avenue, 103Observatory of Montmartre, I., 342O’Connell, his will that his heart should be sent to Rome, I., 102; II.,91Octroi, The, I., 7, 48; II.,318Odéon Theatre, I., 10; II.,110,291,292Odo the Falconer, I., 293Old-clothes dealers, II.,260,261Olivier, Mlle., in theMarriage of Figaro, I., 45Omnibuses, II.,31Opéra, The:described by Rousseau, I., 134, 135;Dr. Burney’s opinion, 134;rehearsals, 136;first performances, 138Opéra Comique, The, Marie Antoinette insulted at, I., 87;its establishment, 115, 117;its operas, 118;destroyed by fire, 118;its history, 292Opera, Grand, its dimensions and commodiousness, I., 133;its inauguration, 138;and masked balls, 139Opera House in the Rue Le Pelletier, destroyed by fire, I., 127;andWilliam Tell, 138Opera-singers, engaged through the agency of diplomatists, I., 74;compelled to perform bylettres de cachet, 89;their immunities, 89;salaries, 134;training, 135;costumes, 322-324Opéra, National, formerly Académie Royale de Musique, I., 87;its direction under the Republic, 87, 88Operas, Composers of, at the Opéra Comique and the Académie, I., 118Orchestra of blind men, I., 110Organ-grinders, II.,327Orleans, brother of Charles VI., Duke of, assassinates the Duke of Burgundy, I., 2Orleans, Louis Philippe Joseph, Duke of,(See Égalité, Philippe)Orleans, Philip II., Duke of, liberates prisoners from the Bastille, I., 99;and the Palais Royal, 167Oriental Languages, School, II.,177Orsi, Count, and Boulogne expedition of Louis Napoleon, II.,117-124Oyster-women, II.,7,8Paix, Rue de la, I., 158Palace of Industry and the Exhibition of 1855, I., 223, 224Palace of National Archives, I., 304Palais:Bourbon, I., 231, 236;Cardinal, 306, 307;de Justice, 250-260;Mazarin, 288, 289;Royal, 2, 166-170;des Thermes, II.,73Palais, du, Boulevard, I., 264, 269Palais Bourbon:inappropriateness of name, II.,231;construction, history, and use, 231;and the Legislative Body, 231, 236Palais de Justice:its Roman origin and early history, I., 250, 251;fire of 1618, 252;fire of 1776, 253;reconstructed and enlarged, 253;design, dimensions, tower and courts, 254;stalls and booths, grand staircase, &c., 255;picture by Van Eyck, 256;Salle des Pas Perdus, 258;monument to Malesherbes, 258;the Golden Room, 258;trials in the “Hall of Equity” and the case of Cazotte, 259;Galerie Saint-Louis, 259, 260;Bureau of Judicial Assistance, 260;collection of articles taken from prisoners, 260Palais Royal:revolutionary scenes enacted there, I., 2, 169, 170;its original name, 166;presented to Louis XIII. by Richelieu, 166;residence of Henrietta of France and of Philip of Orleans, 166;burning and re-erection of theatre, 166;galleries turned into shops, 167;place of dissipation, 167;various owners, 168;fired by Communards, 168; II.,359Palais Royal Theatre, I., 184Palissy, Bernard, specimens of his work in the Cluny Museum, II.,79Panoramas established by Robert Fulton, I., 103Panoramas, Passage de, I., 103Panthéon, I., 3, 10;the site, II.,59;founded as the Church of Sainte-Geneviève, 63;decision of the Constituent Assembly, 63;its illustrious dead, 63, 64Panthéon Theatre, II.,89Parc, Mlle. du, her lovers and her intrigues, I., 174Paris, Count of, and his claim to the throne, II.,305,306“Parisians,” The, I., 103Parvis of Notre-Dame, its historical associations, I., 276, 277Pascal, Statue of, I., 283Pasdeloup, Popular Concerts started by I., 76Pasquier, Baron, and the spy system, II.,18Passage des Panoramas, I., 103Paul, Hotel St., II.,158Paul, St. Vincent de, and his asylum for foundlings, II.,102;and the lepers, 142;and the inmates of La Salpêtrière, 211Paulmy, M. de, and the sale of his books to the Count of Artois, I., 290Pauvent, first Protestant put to death in France, I., 286Pavilion of Hanover, I., 126Peasants, II.,167-170, 310, 311Pelagie, Ste., Prison: I., 170; II.,131;origin and first uses, 138, 139;at the Revolution and under the Second Empire, 139;Duchess of Berri’s Chapel and employment of prisoners, 139;class of inmates and official staff, 139, 140;celebrated prisoners, 140;during the Republic and under Napoleon III.,141;famous escapes, 141, 142Pelletan, Dr., and the heart of Louis XVII., II.,92Pène, Henri de, fights a duel at Vincennes, I., 61Père-Lachaise, Cemetery of:origin of name, I., 333;site and characteristics, 334;monuments and graves of notable people, 334;the slaughter of May, 1871, 335; II.,359;the crematorium, I., 335;demonstration of students in connection with the death of Lallemand, 359Périne, Institution Sainte-, II.,331Perrault, Claude, and the completion of the Louvre, I., 198Peter the Great, his visit to Versailles, II.,343,344Pétion and the Breton Club, I., 162Petty trades, II.,259-264, 265, 266Philip II. of Spain and the massacre of St. Bartholomew, I., 22Philip Augustus:Burial at St. Denis of, I., 98;reconstructs the Louvre, 194;and the Palais de Justice, 250;founds the Central Markets, 315;his towers, II.,157Philip the Fair and the Palais de Justice, I., 250Philip the Long, and the church of Notre Dame de Boulogne, I., 221Piccini’s operas, I., 135Pichon, Baron, his collection of books and objects of art, I., 291Picture-dealers, II.,255,256Picture-gallery at the Louvre, I., 201-206;at the Cluny Museum, II.,79,80;at the Luxemburg Palace, 130Pillory, II.,315Pimodan, Lieut-General Count de, I., 291Pinel, reformer of lunatic asylum system, II.,211,222Piron, and the Académie Française, I., 37, 38Pius IV. and the massacre of St. Bartholomew, I., 22Place, de la Bastille, I., 43, 52, 59;du Château d’Eau, I., 84;du Châtelet, I., 291, 292;de la Concorde, II.,143-154;de Grève, I., 2, 15, 39, 289;de l’Hôtel-de-Ville, I., 39, 281;St. Jacques, I., 282;Maubert, II.,71,72;de l’Opéra, I., 133;du Parvis, I., 276;de la Roquette, I., 282;Royale, I., 68, 69;Vendôme, I., 133, 155-158; II.,359;des Victoires, I., 2;des Vosges, I., 68Poissonnière, Boulevard, I., 103Pol, St., Execution of the Constable of, I., 282Police-courts, I., 261Polignac, Mme. de, principal in a duel, I., 350Political indifference of Parisians, I., 54Polytechnic School, I., 358Pompadour, Mme. de, and her treatment of Latude, II.,214-216Pomponne, Marquis de, his burial-place, I., 294Pont-Neuf, the, Statue of Henry IV. on, I., 3;events occurring on, 3;the oldest bridge in Paris, 30;first stone laid by Henry III.,30;restored, 35;incident of Mlle. Contat and Prince Henry of Prussia, 35, 36;Mercier’s account of, 36, 37;robberies committed by gentlemen on, 37;resort of beggars, 38, 39Poor, The:their treatment, II.,193;institute for their nursing, 196, 197;homes, retreats, “bureaux,” and Government aid, 331-337Popular concerts started by Pasdeloup, I., 76Poquelins, House of the, I., 315Porcelain, Sèvres, II.228-230Portal, Bérenger de, I., 290Porte Saint-Denis, Construction and design of, I., 98Porte Saint-Martin, I., 93, 98Porte Saint-Martin Theatre, I., 80;closed at intervals and afterwards re-opened by Du Maniaut, 92;burnt, and rebuilt, 93Post-cards, Adoption and circulation of, I. 322Potel and Chabot, Firm of, and the banquet to ten thousand mayors, I., 126Poussin, Nicolas, and the Louvre, I., 198Prado, The, I., 269Praslin, Duc de, Crime and suicide of, II.,124-130Press, The:in 1728, II.,268;under the Convention, the Directory, and the Consulate, 269;at the second Restoration, 269;“ordonnances” of 1830, 269;abolition of censorship by Louis Philippe, 269;after the revolution of 1848, 270;leading newspapers and journalists, 270-273Press Club, I., 139Prefect of Police, I., 270Preville in theMarriage of Figaro, I., 45Prévôt, Rue de, I., 284Printers, and the suppression of newspapers by Charles X., I., 2Printing, its introduction, II.,178;work of Garamond and Robert Étienne, 178;restrictions and opposition, 179;privileges granted by Henry IV., and the censorship of Louis XIII.,180;in 1791, 180;