FOOTNOTES1Constable, by C. Holmes. London: Unicorn Press, 1901.2Having no concern here with disputed attributions, I have used the name of Patinir for convenience’ sake alone. The connoisseur may substitute any alternative he prefers.3Constable, by C. J. Holmes.4Five Essays on Picturesque Subjects, by William Gilpin, p. 19. London, 1808.5A Tour to the Lakes, by William Gilpin, vol. i. p. 89. London, 1808.6Since this was written Mr. Binyon’s book,The Flight of the Dragon(Wisdom of the East Series: John Murray), has appeared, which treats more fully and with far greater skill and knowledge than I possess with the question of landscape in Eastern art. As I unfortunately read the book too late to incorporate any of its suggestions in the present article, I would refer those readers who are interested to this masterly essay, which confirms and develops the ideas at which I have hinted, without, I am glad to say, making it necessary for me to alter my conclusions.7For these observations on Indian art I am indebted to a highly suggestive essay on ‘The Aims and Methods of Indian Art,’ by Dr. Coomaraswamy, contained in hisEssays in National Idealism. London: Probsthain and Co.8The charge that Cézanne’s work displays a ‘personal clumsiness of touch’ was made by Mr. Holmes in his notes on the Grafton Exhibition in 1910, and though denied by some critics is completely borne out by the judgment of those who knew the artist personally. M. Alexandre speaks of his ‘éloquente impuissance.’9Introduction to an Exhibition of Pictures, by Camille Pissarro, at the Stafford Gallery. London, 1911.10La Nouvelle Héloïse, PartI., Letter 23.11The Prelude.12The Dome, vol. i. p. 147. London: Unicorn Press, 1899.13Notes on the Science of Picture-making, by C.J. Holmes. Chatto and Windus, 1910.14Notes on the Science of Picture-making, by C. J. Holmes. Chatto and Windus, 1910.15Of the claim of Segantini to be considered the true mountain artist I speak with some diffidence, as my acquaintance with him is small. But from what I have seen, I should say that he found himself unable to get away from the contrast between human figures and landscape which hampered the early English water-colourists, with the result that the spirit of the mountains does not dominate his pictures. In any case, his outlook is purely that of the naturalist, and if he is right, then Mr. Holmes is wrong—a conclusion to which I cannot subscribe.16Saturday Review, March 4, 1911.17There lieth between us long space of shadowy mountains and sounding sea. (Lang, Leaf, and Myers.)18And it showed like a shield in the misty deep. (Butcher and Lang.)19Yea, for he was a monstrous thing and fashioned marvellously, nor was he like to any man that lives by bread, but like a wooded peak of the towering hills, which stands out apart and alone from others. (Butcher and Lang.)20They found his wife therein: she was huge of bulk as a mountain peak, and was loathly in their sight. (Butcher and Lang.)21For I went up a craggy peak, a place of outlook, and saw the isle crowned about with the circle of the endless sea, the isle itself lying low: and in the midst thereof mine eyes beheld the smoke through the thick coppice and the woodland. (Butcher and Lang.)22For thence all Ida was plain to see: and plain to see were the city of Priam, and the ships of the Achæans. (Lang, Leaf, and Myers.)23No mortal man may scale it or set foot thereon, not though he had twenty hands and feet. For the rock is smooth and sheer, as it were polished. (Butcher and Lang.)24Nay, they stood firm, and embattled like a steep rock and a great, hard by the hoary sea, a rock that abides the swift paths of the shrill winds, and the swelling waves that roar against it. Even so the Danaans steadfastly abode the Trojans, and fled not away.25Pitiless that thou art, the knight Peleus was not then thy father, nor Thetis thy mother, but the grey sea bare thee, and the sheer cliffs, so untoward is thy spirit.26And Earth bore the long mountains, the graceful habitations of the divine Nymphs, who dwell on the wooded mountains.27Olympus, where, as they say, is the seat of the gods that standeth fast for ever. Not by winds is it shaken, nor ever wet with rain, nor does the snow come nigh thereto, but most clear air is spread about it, and the white light floats over it.28Alpine Journal, vol. xxii.29The untrodden peaks of Parnassus shine forth and welcome for mortals the rim of the new day.30Mother of wild beasts.31Of baleful counsel, wizard.32Rawlinson,ad Herod.iv. 184.33Ad Pindar, N. ii.11.34Fasti, v.35‘Might, daughter of Endurance,’ is the abstraction with which Mr Bury replaces ‘Alcyone, daughter of Atlas.’36Ætna, mother mine.37Cool water which well-wooded Ætna pours down for me from her white snow, a draught divine.38Was wasting away like snow beneath the long ridge of Hæmus, or Athos, or Rhodope, or Caucasus at the end of the world.39High-counselling.40Beneath the age-old mountains of Phlius.41And he called it the Hill of Cronos: for before Oinomaos ruled, it had no name, and it was wet with much snow.42Ætna, whence purest springs of fire unapproachable burst forth from their caverns; springs which by day pour out a lurid river of smoke, but in the darkness the rocks are borne on eddies of blood-red flame to fall crashing upon the ocean-plain far below. So does that prone monster send forth torrents of fire most dread: a portent wondrous to look upon, a marvel even to hear from those at hand.43Pillar of heaven, snowy, nurse of keen snow through all the year.44Cithæron, nurse of snow.45Streams of fire shall one day break forth, devouring with cruel jaws the level fields of fair-fruited Sicily: such fury shall Typhoeus pour forth, boiling with the missiles of hot, insatiable, fire-breathing spray, for all that the bolt of Zeus has scorched him to ashes.46Il.xii. 278.47But they stood like mists that Cronos’ son setteth in windless air on the mountain-tops, at peace, while the might of the north wind sleepeth and of all the violent winds that blow with keen breath and scatter apart the shadowing clouds. Even so the Danaans withstood the Trojans steadfastly and fled not.48And as when from the high crest of a great hill Zeus, the gatherer of the lightning, hath stirred a dense cloud, and forth shine all the peaks and sharp promontories, and glades, and from heaven the infinite air breaks open.
1Constable, by C. Holmes. London: Unicorn Press, 1901.
1Constable, by C. Holmes. London: Unicorn Press, 1901.
2Having no concern here with disputed attributions, I have used the name of Patinir for convenience’ sake alone. The connoisseur may substitute any alternative he prefers.
2Having no concern here with disputed attributions, I have used the name of Patinir for convenience’ sake alone. The connoisseur may substitute any alternative he prefers.
3Constable, by C. J. Holmes.
3Constable, by C. J. Holmes.
4Five Essays on Picturesque Subjects, by William Gilpin, p. 19. London, 1808.
4Five Essays on Picturesque Subjects, by William Gilpin, p. 19. London, 1808.
5A Tour to the Lakes, by William Gilpin, vol. i. p. 89. London, 1808.
5A Tour to the Lakes, by William Gilpin, vol. i. p. 89. London, 1808.
6Since this was written Mr. Binyon’s book,The Flight of the Dragon(Wisdom of the East Series: John Murray), has appeared, which treats more fully and with far greater skill and knowledge than I possess with the question of landscape in Eastern art. As I unfortunately read the book too late to incorporate any of its suggestions in the present article, I would refer those readers who are interested to this masterly essay, which confirms and develops the ideas at which I have hinted, without, I am glad to say, making it necessary for me to alter my conclusions.
6Since this was written Mr. Binyon’s book,The Flight of the Dragon(Wisdom of the East Series: John Murray), has appeared, which treats more fully and with far greater skill and knowledge than I possess with the question of landscape in Eastern art. As I unfortunately read the book too late to incorporate any of its suggestions in the present article, I would refer those readers who are interested to this masterly essay, which confirms and develops the ideas at which I have hinted, without, I am glad to say, making it necessary for me to alter my conclusions.
7For these observations on Indian art I am indebted to a highly suggestive essay on ‘The Aims and Methods of Indian Art,’ by Dr. Coomaraswamy, contained in hisEssays in National Idealism. London: Probsthain and Co.
7For these observations on Indian art I am indebted to a highly suggestive essay on ‘The Aims and Methods of Indian Art,’ by Dr. Coomaraswamy, contained in hisEssays in National Idealism. London: Probsthain and Co.
8The charge that Cézanne’s work displays a ‘personal clumsiness of touch’ was made by Mr. Holmes in his notes on the Grafton Exhibition in 1910, and though denied by some critics is completely borne out by the judgment of those who knew the artist personally. M. Alexandre speaks of his ‘éloquente impuissance.’
8The charge that Cézanne’s work displays a ‘personal clumsiness of touch’ was made by Mr. Holmes in his notes on the Grafton Exhibition in 1910, and though denied by some critics is completely borne out by the judgment of those who knew the artist personally. M. Alexandre speaks of his ‘éloquente impuissance.’
9Introduction to an Exhibition of Pictures, by Camille Pissarro, at the Stafford Gallery. London, 1911.
9Introduction to an Exhibition of Pictures, by Camille Pissarro, at the Stafford Gallery. London, 1911.
10La Nouvelle Héloïse, PartI., Letter 23.
10La Nouvelle Héloïse, PartI., Letter 23.
11The Prelude.
11The Prelude.
12The Dome, vol. i. p. 147. London: Unicorn Press, 1899.
12The Dome, vol. i. p. 147. London: Unicorn Press, 1899.
13Notes on the Science of Picture-making, by C.J. Holmes. Chatto and Windus, 1910.
13Notes on the Science of Picture-making, by C.J. Holmes. Chatto and Windus, 1910.
14Notes on the Science of Picture-making, by C. J. Holmes. Chatto and Windus, 1910.
14Notes on the Science of Picture-making, by C. J. Holmes. Chatto and Windus, 1910.
15Of the claim of Segantini to be considered the true mountain artist I speak with some diffidence, as my acquaintance with him is small. But from what I have seen, I should say that he found himself unable to get away from the contrast between human figures and landscape which hampered the early English water-colourists, with the result that the spirit of the mountains does not dominate his pictures. In any case, his outlook is purely that of the naturalist, and if he is right, then Mr. Holmes is wrong—a conclusion to which I cannot subscribe.
15Of the claim of Segantini to be considered the true mountain artist I speak with some diffidence, as my acquaintance with him is small. But from what I have seen, I should say that he found himself unable to get away from the contrast between human figures and landscape which hampered the early English water-colourists, with the result that the spirit of the mountains does not dominate his pictures. In any case, his outlook is purely that of the naturalist, and if he is right, then Mr. Holmes is wrong—a conclusion to which I cannot subscribe.
16Saturday Review, March 4, 1911.
16Saturday Review, March 4, 1911.
17There lieth between us long space of shadowy mountains and sounding sea. (Lang, Leaf, and Myers.)
17There lieth between us long space of shadowy mountains and sounding sea. (Lang, Leaf, and Myers.)
18And it showed like a shield in the misty deep. (Butcher and Lang.)
18And it showed like a shield in the misty deep. (Butcher and Lang.)
19Yea, for he was a monstrous thing and fashioned marvellously, nor was he like to any man that lives by bread, but like a wooded peak of the towering hills, which stands out apart and alone from others. (Butcher and Lang.)
19Yea, for he was a monstrous thing and fashioned marvellously, nor was he like to any man that lives by bread, but like a wooded peak of the towering hills, which stands out apart and alone from others. (Butcher and Lang.)
20They found his wife therein: she was huge of bulk as a mountain peak, and was loathly in their sight. (Butcher and Lang.)
20They found his wife therein: she was huge of bulk as a mountain peak, and was loathly in their sight. (Butcher and Lang.)
21For I went up a craggy peak, a place of outlook, and saw the isle crowned about with the circle of the endless sea, the isle itself lying low: and in the midst thereof mine eyes beheld the smoke through the thick coppice and the woodland. (Butcher and Lang.)
21For I went up a craggy peak, a place of outlook, and saw the isle crowned about with the circle of the endless sea, the isle itself lying low: and in the midst thereof mine eyes beheld the smoke through the thick coppice and the woodland. (Butcher and Lang.)
22For thence all Ida was plain to see: and plain to see were the city of Priam, and the ships of the Achæans. (Lang, Leaf, and Myers.)
22For thence all Ida was plain to see: and plain to see were the city of Priam, and the ships of the Achæans. (Lang, Leaf, and Myers.)
23No mortal man may scale it or set foot thereon, not though he had twenty hands and feet. For the rock is smooth and sheer, as it were polished. (Butcher and Lang.)
23No mortal man may scale it or set foot thereon, not though he had twenty hands and feet. For the rock is smooth and sheer, as it were polished. (Butcher and Lang.)
24Nay, they stood firm, and embattled like a steep rock and a great, hard by the hoary sea, a rock that abides the swift paths of the shrill winds, and the swelling waves that roar against it. Even so the Danaans steadfastly abode the Trojans, and fled not away.
24Nay, they stood firm, and embattled like a steep rock and a great, hard by the hoary sea, a rock that abides the swift paths of the shrill winds, and the swelling waves that roar against it. Even so the Danaans steadfastly abode the Trojans, and fled not away.
25Pitiless that thou art, the knight Peleus was not then thy father, nor Thetis thy mother, but the grey sea bare thee, and the sheer cliffs, so untoward is thy spirit.
25Pitiless that thou art, the knight Peleus was not then thy father, nor Thetis thy mother, but the grey sea bare thee, and the sheer cliffs, so untoward is thy spirit.
26And Earth bore the long mountains, the graceful habitations of the divine Nymphs, who dwell on the wooded mountains.
26And Earth bore the long mountains, the graceful habitations of the divine Nymphs, who dwell on the wooded mountains.
27Olympus, where, as they say, is the seat of the gods that standeth fast for ever. Not by winds is it shaken, nor ever wet with rain, nor does the snow come nigh thereto, but most clear air is spread about it, and the white light floats over it.
27Olympus, where, as they say, is the seat of the gods that standeth fast for ever. Not by winds is it shaken, nor ever wet with rain, nor does the snow come nigh thereto, but most clear air is spread about it, and the white light floats over it.
28Alpine Journal, vol. xxii.
28Alpine Journal, vol. xxii.
29The untrodden peaks of Parnassus shine forth and welcome for mortals the rim of the new day.
29The untrodden peaks of Parnassus shine forth and welcome for mortals the rim of the new day.
30Mother of wild beasts.
30Mother of wild beasts.
31Of baleful counsel, wizard.
31Of baleful counsel, wizard.
32Rawlinson,ad Herod.iv. 184.
32Rawlinson,ad Herod.iv. 184.
33Ad Pindar, N. ii.11.
33Ad Pindar, N. ii.11.
34Fasti, v.
34Fasti, v.
35‘Might, daughter of Endurance,’ is the abstraction with which Mr Bury replaces ‘Alcyone, daughter of Atlas.’
35‘Might, daughter of Endurance,’ is the abstraction with which Mr Bury replaces ‘Alcyone, daughter of Atlas.’
36Ætna, mother mine.
36Ætna, mother mine.
37Cool water which well-wooded Ætna pours down for me from her white snow, a draught divine.
37Cool water which well-wooded Ætna pours down for me from her white snow, a draught divine.
38Was wasting away like snow beneath the long ridge of Hæmus, or Athos, or Rhodope, or Caucasus at the end of the world.
38Was wasting away like snow beneath the long ridge of Hæmus, or Athos, or Rhodope, or Caucasus at the end of the world.
39High-counselling.
39High-counselling.
40Beneath the age-old mountains of Phlius.
40Beneath the age-old mountains of Phlius.
41And he called it the Hill of Cronos: for before Oinomaos ruled, it had no name, and it was wet with much snow.
41And he called it the Hill of Cronos: for before Oinomaos ruled, it had no name, and it was wet with much snow.
42Ætna, whence purest springs of fire unapproachable burst forth from their caverns; springs which by day pour out a lurid river of smoke, but in the darkness the rocks are borne on eddies of blood-red flame to fall crashing upon the ocean-plain far below. So does that prone monster send forth torrents of fire most dread: a portent wondrous to look upon, a marvel even to hear from those at hand.
42Ætna, whence purest springs of fire unapproachable burst forth from their caverns; springs which by day pour out a lurid river of smoke, but in the darkness the rocks are borne on eddies of blood-red flame to fall crashing upon the ocean-plain far below. So does that prone monster send forth torrents of fire most dread: a portent wondrous to look upon, a marvel even to hear from those at hand.
43Pillar of heaven, snowy, nurse of keen snow through all the year.
43Pillar of heaven, snowy, nurse of keen snow through all the year.
44Cithæron, nurse of snow.
44Cithæron, nurse of snow.
45Streams of fire shall one day break forth, devouring with cruel jaws the level fields of fair-fruited Sicily: such fury shall Typhoeus pour forth, boiling with the missiles of hot, insatiable, fire-breathing spray, for all that the bolt of Zeus has scorched him to ashes.
45Streams of fire shall one day break forth, devouring with cruel jaws the level fields of fair-fruited Sicily: such fury shall Typhoeus pour forth, boiling with the missiles of hot, insatiable, fire-breathing spray, for all that the bolt of Zeus has scorched him to ashes.
46Il.xii. 278.
46Il.xii. 278.
47But they stood like mists that Cronos’ son setteth in windless air on the mountain-tops, at peace, while the might of the north wind sleepeth and of all the violent winds that blow with keen breath and scatter apart the shadowing clouds. Even so the Danaans withstood the Trojans steadfastly and fled not.
47But they stood like mists that Cronos’ son setteth in windless air on the mountain-tops, at peace, while the might of the north wind sleepeth and of all the violent winds that blow with keen breath and scatter apart the shadowing clouds. Even so the Danaans withstood the Trojans steadfastly and fled not.
48And as when from the high crest of a great hill Zeus, the gatherer of the lightning, hath stirred a dense cloud, and forth shine all the peaks and sharp promontories, and glades, and from heaven the infinite air breaks open.
48And as when from the high crest of a great hill Zeus, the gatherer of the lightning, hath stirred a dense cloud, and forth shine all the peaks and sharp promontories, and glades, and from heaven the infinite air breaks open.
Transcriber’s Note:Obvious printer errors corrected silently.Inconsistent spelling and hyphenation are as in the original.
Obvious printer errors corrected silently.
Inconsistent spelling and hyphenation are as in the original.