57.Nu’mânid,120.Nûr al-Dîn,153,154,158, 160 (Maḥmûd).OOdhruḥ,98-103,110.Oppenheim, Baron,60n.,123.Orontes, the,64,108.Orthma, Khân,72.Ortokid Alpi,159.PPalatitza,138n.Palmyra,101,126.Parwêz,seeKhusrau II Parwêz.Pasargadae,62,63,96,119,123n.Pergamon,66n.,69n.,73n.,89,124,125n.Perge,124,125.Perrot,65n.,68n.,70n.,75n.,78n.,93n.,94n.,106n.,108n.,109n.,122n.,123n.,128n.,140n.Persepolis,63,64,76and n.,80,119.Persia,65,71,73,74,110,123,137,140,168.Persian Gulf, the,1.Perugia,136.Petra, vii,97,126-9,135,136,138,142.Philon of Byzantium,109.Pinara,108.Place,68and n.,94and n.Polybius,98.Pompeii,72,87,124;Oscan,124.Praeneste,125n.Preusser, Dr.,152.Priene,87,88,124,125and n.,126.Princeton Expedition, the,111.Probus,110.Promis,109n.,136n.Ptolemy Philadelphos,124n.,128n.Puchstein,62n.,93n.,108n.,123n.,126n.,127and n.,128n.Pydnai,108.Qal-Qabbet al-Khaḍrâ,162and n.Qadesh,108.Qâdisiyyeh,58,162,167.Qairawân,152.Qalb Lôzeh,132n.Qanawât,126.‘al-Qâsin ‘Ali, Abu,158n.,159n.Qaṭal,103-6,110-13,118,120.Qṣair, viii,1,38-9.Qṣair ‘Amrah,see‘Amrah.al-Quṭquṭâneh,162,164.Quyundjik,75,76,77,90,93,94,123.RRaḥḥâliyyeh,1.Ramâdi,2.Rameses II,108.Ramsay,73n.,78n.,138n.Raqqah,138,142,153,154,158,165,166,168.Râs al-’Ain,60n.,123.al-Rasâs, Umm,106.Rashîd,167.Reuther, Dr., xi,6-36passim,82and n.,83,131,132n.,136-40,166.Rhages,41n.Rḥaibeh,112.Ridjm el-Melfûf,70n.Rimini,128.Ritter, xi.Roderick, King,112.Rome,72,73,95,110,126.Rothstein,57n.,59n.al-Ruḥbân,57.Ruḥbeh,58and n.Ruḥeimeh,58n.Rûm,120.Ruṣâfah,150.SSaalburg, the,98n.Sachau,152n.Sa’d ibn abi Waqqâs,148.al-Sadîr,57.Ṣaffâh,167.Sa’îd ibn ‘Âmir ibn Ḥudhaim,153.St. Petersburg,133.Sais, Djebel,56,111.Sakcheh Geuzu,60n.,122.Saladin, M., x n.,152n.Ṣalâḥ al-Dîn,152,153,159.Salamah,74n.Salmanassar III,106n.Salmon,154n.Sâl Nâmeh,58.Sâmarrâ,58,70n.,84,87,92,93,121,132and n.,135,138,140-4,151,156-8,164-6.al-Ṣarakh, Ḥammâm,111,112,165.Sardis,96.Sargon, palace of,68,81,94,122.Sarre, Prof., xii,41n.,60n.,65n.,74n.,80n.,84,94n.,107n.,130n.,143n.,153n.,154n.,160n.,166n.Sarvistân,53n.,71,74and n.,78-80,82,84,92,115,118n.,119,134,136,137,165.Saudâ,146.Savignac,126n.,127n.Sbai’i, Bir,2.Schefer,159n.Schrader,124n.Schreiber,135n.Schultz,117n.,118,133n.,138n.Schultze,109,136.Seleucia,65,69,70,119.Selinus, acropolis of,109.Septimius Severus,69n.Sextius Florentinus,128n.Shabîb, revolt of,164n.Shahbâ,126.Shâhnâmah, the,22n.Shakhârîz,2.Shammar, tribe,2.Shamshi-Adad,93.Sham’ûn, Qaṣr,59.Shapûr I,94.Shapûr II,57,96.Shaqqah,73n.,126,139.Shethâthâ, Shefâthâ, x, xi,1,2,3and n.Shîrîn, Qaṣr-i-, viii,44-54,60,70,74and n.,76,79,80and n.,81,82,84,86,87,90,93,94,96,105,119,120,137,164,165.Shirwân,80n.,134.Shuhbâ,98n.al-Shukâfa, Kôm,135.Sî’,126,138.Sicily,108,109.Sidi al-Ḥalwi,152.Sieglin,135n.Sim’ân, Qal’at,84n.Simbel, Abû,108.Sindâd,57n.Sindjâr, Djebel,143.Sinimmâr,57and n.al-Ṣinnîn,57.Sixtus of Bourbon, Prince,58n.Ṣlaibiyyeh tomb,165n.Slâm, Biyâr,2.Smith, George,90.Smyrna,108.Solomon’s temple,94,116.Spain,110,143.Spalato,121.Sprenger,122n.Stockstadt,100n.Stolle,98n.Strabo,69and n.,91,92.Strzygowski, Prof., xii,117n.,133n.,134n.,135n.,138n.,152n.Studniczka,128n.Ṣukhail,5.Ṣukhûr, the,55,118n.Sulâm,162.Sulṭan Khân,78.Sûq al-Ghazl,40.Susa,63,81and n.,90,96,107.Swaidâ,126.Syria, vii,57,66,70,72,73,97,104,116,126,133,135,139,142,143,151,152,166;Eastern,98n.;Northern,60,75,98n.,132,141n.TṬabari,57n.,148and n.,149and n.,150and n.,162.Tâg-i-Îwân,72n.Ṭahmâsgerd, Mâr,71,134,140.Takhmâ al-Asadi, Ibn,164.Takht-i-Mâder-i-Suleimân,96.al-Tamr, ‘Ain,2,3,40,43and n.,59.Taposiris Magna,124n.Tâq-i-Girrâ,166.Ṭâr, the,162and n.Ṭâûq,40.Tavernier, ix, x n.Taylor, Major John, x.Ṭayy, the,59.Teano,56n.,145n.,146n.,147n.,148n.,149n.,151n.Teixeira, Pedro, ix, xi.Tekrît,140n.,143.Tellôh,78,87,122,142.Texier, viii,109n.Tha’labites, the,56.Thapsus,109.Theophilus,121.Thiersch, Prof.,92n.,124n.,128n.,151n.Thomas, Félix,68.Tigris, the,64,69,84.Tilimsân,152.al-Tiqtaqa, Ibn,143n.Tiryns,65n.,108,120.Tornberg,3n.Trajan, Emperor,69n.,98,110.Trajan’s camp,101.Troy,108,120.al-Ṭûbah,111-14,116-18,120,165.Ṭulûn, Ibn, mosque of,92n.,135,142-4,156,158.Tunis,142,152.Ṭaquṭqâneh (el-Heiadîe),58and n.,162.Tyre,109.Tzâriq,57n.Ual-Ubaiḍ, Wâdi,1,2,3,5,162,168.Ukhaiḍir,passim;see alsoel-Chader.Ulu Djâmi’,132n.‘Umar,147-51.‘Umar ibn ‘Abd al-Azîz,147.Umtâ’iyyeh,133n.‘Uthmân,147.al-’Uzza, ‘Abd,57n.VVan Berchem, M. Max,133n.,143n.,152n.,154,160.Veramîn,41n.Vespasian, Emperor,97.Vienna, xii.Viollet, M.,16n.,86,156n.Vitruvius,109,128.WWalîd (son of Yazîd ibn ‘Abd al-Malik),110.al-Walîd, Umm,106.Walîd ibn ‘Abd al-Malik,147,148.Wardân, Qaṣr ibn,105,112,165.Warka,65,90,122,140,141n.,142n.Wâsiṭ,162n.Weissenberg,99n.Wellhausen,146.Wetzel, Dr.,16n.al-Weyned,111n.Wiegand,124n.Wiesbaden,99.Willcocks, Sir William,1and n.Wizikh,2.Wright,56n.Wüstenfeld,3n.,147n.Wuswas,122,142n.XXanthos,108.Xeque Mahamed Eben Raxet, ix.Xeres, battle of,112.Xerxes,63.YYamanlar Dâgh, the,108.Ya’qûbi,167and n.Yâqût,3,110,147n.,162and n.,164and n.Yazdegerd I, King,57.Yazîd ibn ‘Abd al-Malik (Yazîd II),110,117.Yazîd III,111,162n.Yûsuf ibn ‘Umar,162n.,168.Zal-Zahrâ,seeMedînat al-Zahrâ.al-Zaitûn, Umm,73n.Zaitûnah, the,152.Zaqârît, sub-tribe,2,5.al-Zebîb, Khân,106.Zindjirli,60and n.,61,62n.,63,107,109,119,122.Ziyâd ibn Abîhî,17n.,146n.,148,149,168.Zohâb,105,120.Zugmantel,100n.Zûrah,164.