Chapter 22

[410]Saladin,La mosquée de Sidi Okba à Kairouan, pp. 18 et seq.[411]Saladin,Manuel d’art musulman, Architecture, Fig. 139.[412]Marçais,Monuments de Tlemcen, Figs. 14, 49, 69.[413]Nordmesopotamische Baudenkmäler, Plate 73.[414]Cf. the narrow blind arches on either side of the lîwân in the central court at Ukhaiḍir.[415]Sachau,Reise in Syrien und Mesopotamien, p. 221.[416]Orientalische Literaturzeitung, September 1911, p. 422.[417]Futûḥ, p. 178.[418]Amurath to Amurath, p. 56.[419]Balâdhuri,Futûḥ, p. 179.[420]Amurath to Amurath, p. 57; Sarre-Herzfeld,Euphrat-und Tigris-Gebiet, vol. i, p. 4, and vol. iii, Plate 66.[421]Salmon,Introduction topographique à l’histoire de Baghdad d’al-Khaḷîb, Arabic text, p. 60; Sarre-Herzfeld,Euphrat-und Tigris-Gebiet, p. 91.[422]Amurath to Amurath, p. 243; Sarre-Herzfeld,Euphrat-und Tigris-Gebiet, p. 69.[423]It appears in M. Viollet’s plan, ‘Description du palais d’al-Moutasim,’Mémoires présentés à l’Acad. des Inscr. et Belles-Lettres, vol. xii, pt. ii. Plate 8.[424]Herzfeld,Erster vorl. Bericht, p. 7.[425]Idem, p. 37.[426]A.H.484; it is the inscription on the north wall. On the south wall of the same wing there is an inscription, which probably alludes to some reparation and gives the dateA.H.874 =A.D.1469. The inscription on the minaret is in the name of the Inalid Inaldi (A.H.503-536 =A.D.1109-1141). Two decrees are built into the north wall of the wide central aisle; they are dated respectivelyA.H.639 =A.D.1241, andA.H.731 =A.D.1330. The east wing of the ḥaram bears an inscription on the north wall datedA.H.550 =A.D.1155, and another on the same wall datedA.H.1094 =A.D.1683, while upon the east gable there is an inscription datedA.H.735 =A.D.1334. An inscription on the west arcade of the ṣaḥn is datedA.H.518 =A.D.1124, and the eastern arcade is datedA.H.559 =A.D.1163, while a second inscription contains the name of Abû ‘al-Qâsin ‘Ali, who died aboutA.H.575 =A.D.1179. On the east gate there is an inscription datedA.H.575 =A.D.1179. The madrasah at the north-west corner of the ṣaḥn is datedA.H.935 =A.D.1528; the wall to the east of the north door (behind the arcade)A.H.625 =A.D.1228; the small madrasah court to the north of this wallA.H.595 =A.D.1198, and the north doorway of this madrasahA.H.576 =A.D.1180.[427]Orientalische Literaturzeitung, September 1911, p. 399. InA.D.1046 Nâṣiri Khusrau saw a mosque here which had marked resemblances with the existing building. Ed. Schefer, p. 28.[428]Sarre-Herzfeld,Euphrat-und Tigris-Gebiet, vol. i, p. 17; and vol. iii, Plate 88.[429]Mission en Mésopotamie, vol. i, Plate 20.[430]Ibn al-Athîr, vol. v, p. 224. The governor of ‘Irâq, Yûsuf ibn Umar, was imprisoned in the Khaḍrâ by Yazîd III,A.D.744. See too Lammens, ‘La Bâdia et la Ḥîra,’Mélanges de la Fac. Or., vol. iv, p. 100.[431]Futûḥ, p. 284. The palace of Ḥadjdjâdj in Wâsiṭ was called al-Qabbet al-khaḍrâ on account of its green dome; ibid., p. 290.[432]Yâqût, vol. iv, p. 121.[433]Professor Musil also heard the name; he writes it Aslâm and applies it to the southern end of the Ṭâr.Proceedings of the K. Akad. der Wiss. in Wien, No. 1, 1913, p. 10. Bir Aslâm appears in Captain Leachman’s map.Journal of the R. Geog. Soc., 1911.[434]Ibn al-Athîr, vol. ii, p. 349.[435]Ibn al-Athîr, vol. iv, p. 328. Yâqût’s alternate site, between ‘Ain al-Tamr and Damascus, must therefore be rejected. Ibn al-Athîr refers to it in this passage in connexion with the revolt of Shabîb, during the vicegerency of Ḥadjdjâdj.[436]Flandin-Coste,Voyage en Perse, p. 27.[437]Dieulafoy,L’Art antique de la Perse, vol. iv, Fig. 26.[438]‘Genesis der islamischen Kunst,’Der Islam, vol. i, p. 112.[439]Butler,Ancient Architecture in Syria, Sect. B, pt. i, p. 32.[440]The arches of the tomb known as Ṣlaibiyyeh are the best preserved.Amurath to Amurath, Figs. 150 and 151, and Herzfeld,Erster vorl. Bericht, Fig. 6. Dr. Herzfeld found in it three graves, and he believes it to have been the mausoleum of the khalifs Muntaṣir, Mu’tazz, and Muhtadi.[441]Amurath, Figs. 43 and 44.[442]Sarre-Herzfeld,Iranische Felsreliefs, pp. 232 et seq.[443]Third and second century B. C., Delbrück,Hellenistische Bauten in Latium, pt. ii, p. 68.[444]Bell,Churches and Monasteries of the Ṭûr ‘Abdîn, p. 87 (31).[445]Sarre-Herzfeld,Euphrat-und Tigris-Gebiet, vol. i, Fig. 57; and vol. iii, Plate 68.[446]Ya’qubi, ed. de Goeje, p. 311. Dr. Moritz calls my attention to a passage inMurudj al-Dhahabof Mas’ûdi (ed. Barbier de Meynard), vol. viii, p. 294, in which it is related that the khalif Rashid built wells, cisterns, and castles along the Mekkah road. These castles can, however, have been nothing but guard-houses.[447]Le Strange,Lands of the Eastern Khalifate, p. 77.[448]Lammens, ‘Ziâd ibn Abîhi,’Rivista degli Studi Orientali, vol. iv, p. 232 and p. 656, note 2.

[410]Saladin,La mosquée de Sidi Okba à Kairouan, pp. 18 et seq.

[411]Saladin,Manuel d’art musulman, Architecture, Fig. 139.

[412]Marçais,Monuments de Tlemcen, Figs. 14, 49, 69.

[413]Nordmesopotamische Baudenkmäler, Plate 73.

[414]Cf. the narrow blind arches on either side of the lîwân in the central court at Ukhaiḍir.

[415]Sachau,Reise in Syrien und Mesopotamien, p. 221.

[416]Orientalische Literaturzeitung, September 1911, p. 422.

[417]Futûḥ, p. 178.

[418]Amurath to Amurath, p. 56.

[419]Balâdhuri,Futûḥ, p. 179.

[420]Amurath to Amurath, p. 57; Sarre-Herzfeld,Euphrat-und Tigris-Gebiet, vol. i, p. 4, and vol. iii, Plate 66.

[421]Salmon,Introduction topographique à l’histoire de Baghdad d’al-Khaḷîb, Arabic text, p. 60; Sarre-Herzfeld,Euphrat-und Tigris-Gebiet, p. 91.

[422]Amurath to Amurath, p. 243; Sarre-Herzfeld,Euphrat-und Tigris-Gebiet, p. 69.

[423]It appears in M. Viollet’s plan, ‘Description du palais d’al-Moutasim,’Mémoires présentés à l’Acad. des Inscr. et Belles-Lettres, vol. xii, pt. ii. Plate 8.

[424]Herzfeld,Erster vorl. Bericht, p. 7.

[425]Idem, p. 37.

[426]A.H.484; it is the inscription on the north wall. On the south wall of the same wing there is an inscription, which probably alludes to some reparation and gives the dateA.H.874 =A.D.1469. The inscription on the minaret is in the name of the Inalid Inaldi (A.H.503-536 =A.D.1109-1141). Two decrees are built into the north wall of the wide central aisle; they are dated respectivelyA.H.639 =A.D.1241, andA.H.731 =A.D.1330. The east wing of the ḥaram bears an inscription on the north wall datedA.H.550 =A.D.1155, and another on the same wall datedA.H.1094 =A.D.1683, while upon the east gable there is an inscription datedA.H.735 =A.D.1334. An inscription on the west arcade of the ṣaḥn is datedA.H.518 =A.D.1124, and the eastern arcade is datedA.H.559 =A.D.1163, while a second inscription contains the name of Abû ‘al-Qâsin ‘Ali, who died aboutA.H.575 =A.D.1179. On the east gate there is an inscription datedA.H.575 =A.D.1179. The madrasah at the north-west corner of the ṣaḥn is datedA.H.935 =A.D.1528; the wall to the east of the north door (behind the arcade)A.H.625 =A.D.1228; the small madrasah court to the north of this wallA.H.595 =A.D.1198, and the north doorway of this madrasahA.H.576 =A.D.1180.

[427]Orientalische Literaturzeitung, September 1911, p. 399. InA.D.1046 Nâṣiri Khusrau saw a mosque here which had marked resemblances with the existing building. Ed. Schefer, p. 28.

[428]Sarre-Herzfeld,Euphrat-und Tigris-Gebiet, vol. i, p. 17; and vol. iii, Plate 88.

[429]Mission en Mésopotamie, vol. i, Plate 20.

[430]Ibn al-Athîr, vol. v, p. 224. The governor of ‘Irâq, Yûsuf ibn Umar, was imprisoned in the Khaḍrâ by Yazîd III,A.D.744. See too Lammens, ‘La Bâdia et la Ḥîra,’Mélanges de la Fac. Or., vol. iv, p. 100.

[431]Futûḥ, p. 284. The palace of Ḥadjdjâdj in Wâsiṭ was called al-Qabbet al-khaḍrâ on account of its green dome; ibid., p. 290.

[432]Yâqût, vol. iv, p. 121.

[433]Professor Musil also heard the name; he writes it Aslâm and applies it to the southern end of the Ṭâr.Proceedings of the K. Akad. der Wiss. in Wien, No. 1, 1913, p. 10. Bir Aslâm appears in Captain Leachman’s map.Journal of the R. Geog. Soc., 1911.

[434]Ibn al-Athîr, vol. ii, p. 349.

[435]Ibn al-Athîr, vol. iv, p. 328. Yâqût’s alternate site, between ‘Ain al-Tamr and Damascus, must therefore be rejected. Ibn al-Athîr refers to it in this passage in connexion with the revolt of Shabîb, during the vicegerency of Ḥadjdjâdj.

[436]Flandin-Coste,Voyage en Perse, p. 27.

[437]Dieulafoy,L’Art antique de la Perse, vol. iv, Fig. 26.

[438]‘Genesis der islamischen Kunst,’Der Islam, vol. i, p. 112.

[439]Butler,Ancient Architecture in Syria, Sect. B, pt. i, p. 32.

[440]The arches of the tomb known as Ṣlaibiyyeh are the best preserved.Amurath to Amurath, Figs. 150 and 151, and Herzfeld,Erster vorl. Bericht, Fig. 6. Dr. Herzfeld found in it three graves, and he believes it to have been the mausoleum of the khalifs Muntaṣir, Mu’tazz, and Muhtadi.

[441]Amurath, Figs. 43 and 44.

[442]Sarre-Herzfeld,Iranische Felsreliefs, pp. 232 et seq.

[443]Third and second century B. C., Delbrück,Hellenistische Bauten in Latium, pt. ii, p. 68.

[444]Bell,Churches and Monasteries of the Ṭûr ‘Abdîn, p. 87 (31).

[445]Sarre-Herzfeld,Euphrat-und Tigris-Gebiet, vol. i, Fig. 57; and vol. iii, Plate 68.

[446]Ya’qubi, ed. de Goeje, p. 311. Dr. Moritz calls my attention to a passage inMurudj al-Dhahabof Mas’ûdi (ed. Barbier de Meynard), vol. viii, p. 294, in which it is related that the khalif Rashid built wells, cisterns, and castles along the Mekkah road. These castles can, however, have been nothing but guard-houses.

[447]Le Strange,Lands of the Eastern Khalifate, p. 77.

[448]Lammens, ‘Ziâd ibn Abîhi,’Rivista degli Studi Orientali, vol. iv, p. 232 and p. 656, note 2.

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