Chapter 9

D

Dáirine,162Dál Araidhe,185Dál gCais, "Dalcassians," rising power of,266,268Dál Riada,185,194-200,203Danes arrive in Ireland,253Danish kings of the Hebrides,212Dathi=Nath-Í,157De Burgh family, their alleged change in policy,340Déclán (Diaglán), Saint,161Derbfine (Deirḃḟine), significance of,230,290Dési, Déisi, migration of,109,128Druim Ceata, assembly of,197Dublin first fortified,251;becomes seat of Norse kingdom,252;battle of,264Dumbarton, "stronghold of the Britons,"198,204;captured by Dublin Norsemen,255Dynastic polity,177

Dáirine,162

Dál Araidhe,185

Dál gCais, "Dalcassians," rising power of,266,268

Dál Riada,185,194-200,203

Danes arrive in Ireland,253

Danish kings of the Hebrides,212

Dathi=Nath-Í,157

De Burgh family, their alleged change in policy,340

Déclán (Diaglán), Saint,161

Derbfine (Deirḃḟine), significance of,230,290

Dési, Déisi, migration of,109,128

Druim Ceata, assembly of,197

Dublin first fortified,251;becomes seat of Norse kingdom,252;battle of,264

Dumbarton, "stronghold of the Britons,"198,204;captured by Dublin Norsemen,255

Dynastic polity,177

E

Eblana, Eblani,137Ecclesiastical reform,281-288Éire, Ériu, origin of the name,67Emain (an Eaṁain, "the Navan"),115England before the Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland,305;racial type now prevalent in,39English invade Ireland,A.D.684,201English power recovered through firearms and artillery,347Eochu Feidlech (Eoċaiḋ Feiḋleac),118Eochu MacLuchtai (Eoċaiḋ mac Luċta), king of Munster,103,104Eterscél (Eidirsgéal), king of Ireland,109Eoghanachta, origin of,127;states of,186;maximum power and decline of,260-262Érainn, Érna, "Erneans,"65-68,104(—Iverni)"erenagh"=airchinnechEtruscan alphabet in Cisalpine Gaul,167Eusebius, Irish writers influenced by,89

Eblana, Eblani,137

Ecclesiastical reform,281-288

Éire, Ériu, origin of the name,67

Emain (an Eaṁain, "the Navan"),115

England before the Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland,305;racial type now prevalent in,39

English invade Ireland,A.D.684,201

English power recovered through firearms and artillery,347

Eochu Feidlech (Eoċaiḋ Feiḋleac),118

Eochu MacLuchtai (Eoċaiḋ mac Luċta), king of Munster,103,104

Eterscél (Eidirsgéal), king of Ireland,109

Eoghanachta, origin of,127;states of,186;maximum power and decline of,260-262

Érainn, Érna, "Erneans,"65-68,104(—Iverni)

"erenagh"=airchinnech

Etruscan alphabet in Cisalpine Gaul,167

Eusebius, Irish writers influenced by,89

F

Feidhlimidh, king of Munster,259Feidhlimidh, king of Connacht, career of,328Fer Diad (Fear Diaḋ),79Fergus (Fearġus) defends the Galians,81Fergus mac Eire,116,194Fiachu Sroibtine (Fiaċa Sraiftine),124Fiana,150Find Fili (Fionn File), king of South Leinster,104,106,110Fionn Bheara a Celtic god,87Fir Bolg,77,79Fir Domhnann,79Fir Iboth (iḃoṫ),74(=Ebudeans)FitzGerald, Maurice, career of,328Five-fold division of Ireland in ancient tradition,102Flemish settlers in Ireland,303Fochairt, battle of,338Fochla, kingdom of the,185Fomori (Foṁoraiġ),85,87

Feidhlimidh, king of Munster,259

Feidhlimidh, king of Connacht, career of,328

Fer Diad (Fear Diaḋ),79

Fergus (Fearġus) defends the Galians,81

Fergus mac Eire,116,194

Fiachu Sroibtine (Fiaċa Sraiftine),124

Fiana,150

Find Fili (Fionn File), king of South Leinster,104,106,110

Fionn Bheara a Celtic god,87

Fir Bolg,77,79

Fir Domhnann,79

Fir Iboth (iḃoṫ),74(=Ebudeans)

FitzGerald, Maurice, career of,328

Five-fold division of Ireland in ancient tradition,102

Flemish settlers in Ireland,303

Fochairt, battle of,338

Fochla, kingdom of the,185

Fomori (Foṁoraiġ),85,87

G

Gabhair in Leinster between the two ancient provinces,107Gaelic settlements in Britain, origin of,46Gaels, legendary origin of,90Galians ( Gaileoin),80,104Gall-Ghaedhil or Norse-Irish,211,252Gallógláich, "galloglasses,"326;commanders of,334;first record of,336;spread of,341Gaulish settlers in Ireland,128Genealogies help to explain the annals,179,183,194Geography in ancient Irish schools,92Germans and Celts, early relations between,15-25Glacial period in Ireland,69Gold in ancient Ireland,71Gormlaith, career of,262Government of an Irish state, character of,352Grants of land,297; to Gallóglach commanders,335Grants of lordship,177Greek alphabet used in Gaul,167Greek in ancient Irish schools,243

Gabhair in Leinster between the two ancient provinces,107

Gaelic settlements in Britain, origin of,46

Gaels, legendary origin of,90

Galians ( Gaileoin),80,104

Gall-Ghaedhil or Norse-Irish,211,252

Gallógláich, "galloglasses,"326;commanders of,334;first record of,336;spread of,341

Gaulish settlers in Ireland,128

Genealogies help to explain the annals,179,183,194

Geography in ancient Irish schools,92

Germans and Celts, early relations between,15-25

Glacial period in Ireland,69

Gold in ancient Ireland,71

Gormlaith, career of,262

Government of an Irish state, character of,352

Grants of land,297; to Gallóglach commanders,335

Grants of lordship,177

Greek alphabet used in Gaul,167

Greek in ancient Irish schools,243

H

Hakon, king of Norway, loses control of Hebrides,216;Irish sovereignty offered to,332Heathen lore, ancient Irish,176Hebrides,74Hebridean forces,325;first appearance in Ireland,329Heptarchy in Ireland,113"herenagh"—airchinnechHiberni, Hibernia, origin of the names,67History of Ireland, how constructed by ancient writers,89,98;earliest documents of,114,175;distorted views of,347

Hakon, king of Norway, loses control of Hebrides,216;Irish sovereignty offered to,332

Heathen lore, ancient Irish,176

Hebrides,74

Hebridean forces,325;first appearance in Ireland,329

Heptarchy in Ireland,113

"herenagh"—airchinnech

Hiberni, Hibernia, origin of the names,67

History of Ireland, how constructed by ancient writers,89,98;earliest documents of,114,175;distorted views of,347

I

Ibar (Iuḃar), Saint, date of,161Ibdaig (Iḃḋaiġ), Ebudeans,74Iberi in Irish legend,91Iberians, supposed early inhabitants of Britain,40-42;supposed traces of,62Inber Scéne (Inḃear Sgéine), legend of,93-95Incastellation policy of Anglo-Normans adopted by Irish,343Industrial tribes of pre-Celtic origin,75-79,82Intercourse with the Continent,242Iona granted to St. Columba,197Irish civilisation, chief defect of,354Irish forces under Roman command,151Irish language, ancient learned jargon of,165Irish law, features of,312Irish learning, characteristics of,240-244Irish manuscript orthography, origin of,174Iron Age in Britain, supposed to have been introduced by Belgae,42Iron, Celtic expansion facilitated by possession of,153Iverni,65-68,104

Ibar (Iuḃar), Saint, date of,161

Ibdaig (Iḃḋaiġ), Ebudeans,74

Iberi in Irish legend,91

Iberians, supposed early inhabitants of Britain,40-42;supposed traces of,62

Inber Scéne (Inḃear Sgéine), legend of,93-95

Incastellation policy of Anglo-Normans adopted by Irish,343

Industrial tribes of pre-Celtic origin,75-79,82

Intercourse with the Continent,242

Iona granted to St. Columba,197

Irish civilisation, chief defect of,354

Irish forces under Roman command,151

Irish language, ancient learned jargon of,165

Irish law, features of,312

Irish learning, characteristics of,240-244

Irish manuscript orthography, origin of,174

Iron Age in Britain, supposed to have been introduced by Belgae,42

Iron, Celtic expansion facilitated by possession of,153

Iverni,65-68,104

K

Kenneth MacAlpin (Cionaoḋ mac Ailpín),204Kingship, law of succession to,230Kings, functions of,352

Kenneth MacAlpin (Cionaoḋ mac Ailpín),204

Kingship, law of succession to,230

Kings, functions of,352

L

Lagin Tuad-Gabair (Laiġin Tuadḋ-Gaḃair), L. Des-Gabair (Deas-Gaḃair),107Latin in ancient Irish schools,241"Laudabiliter,"286Law, courts of,318Law of succession, evil consequences of,294,300Learning in Ireland, Zimmer's account,164;testimony of Saint Columbanus,166Leinster, ancient extent of,108,122,129,186;struggle for lost territory of,188;tribute,238Letters in Britain, introduction of,167-170Limerick, Norse settlement at,262Lincolnshire, pseudo-scientific ethnography exemplified in the case of,32Literature in Ireland, beginnings of,167Loeguire (Laoġaire), king of Ireland,182,188Luaighni,80,104Luguid (Luġaiḋ), king of Ireland,190-193

Lagin Tuad-Gabair (Laiġin Tuadḋ-Gaḃair), L. Des-Gabair (Deas-Gaḃair),107

Latin in ancient Irish schools,241

"Laudabiliter,"286

Law, courts of,318

Law of succession, evil consequences of,294,300

Learning in Ireland, Zimmer's account,164;testimony of Saint Columbanus,166

Leinster, ancient extent of,108,122,129,186;struggle for lost territory of,188;tribute,238

Letters in Britain, introduction of,167-170

Limerick, Norse settlement at,262

Lincolnshire, pseudo-scientific ethnography exemplified in the case of,32

Literature in Ireland, beginnings of,167

Loeguire (Laoġaire), king of Ireland,182,188

Luaighni,80,104

Luguid (Luġaiḋ), king of Ireland,190-193

M

MacCába ("MacCabe") family,334MacDomhnaill ("MacDonnell, MacConnell." etc.) family,334;obtains Irish territory,219,342MacDubhghaill ("MacDugall, MacDowell, Doyle, Coyle") family,334MacRuaidhri ("MacRory, Rogers") family,334MacSíthigh ("MacSheehy, Sheehy, Shee") family,334MacSuibhne ("MacSweeney, Sweeny") family,334;first record of,335MagRoth, MaġRaṫ=MoiraMagnus, king of Norway, fails to restore Norse power,280Malachy (Maol m'Aoḋóg), Saint,281Mathgamain (Maṫġaṁain) overthrows Eoghanacht dynasty,268Matriarchy, a Pictish custom,59Medb (Meaḋḃ),80,118Medraige (Meaḋraiġe),82Midhe, early extent of,113;partition of,235Míl, legend of,91-95Military organisation disappears,229,235,251,267;reintroduced,325Military tribes of pre-Celtic origin,79-82Moira, battle of,199Monarchy, Irish, fictitious accounts of,115,239;origin of,118;held by Connacht dynasty,130;detached from Connacht dynasty,192;succession to,231,238;in abeyance,272;restored in depraved form,273Muirchertach MacErca, king of Ireland,190-193Muirchertach, king of Ailech, career of,266Muiredach Tírech (Muireaḋaċ Tíreaċ),124Munster, ancient extent of,108,126,186;increasing power of,236;ecclesiastical kings of,258Mythological inhabitants of Ireland,85Mythology of Irish Celts shows traces of continental origin,87;transformed by Christian writers,88

MacCába ("MacCabe") family,334

MacDomhnaill ("MacDonnell, MacConnell." etc.) family,334;obtains Irish territory,219,342

MacDubhghaill ("MacDugall, MacDowell, Doyle, Coyle") family,334

MacRuaidhri ("MacRory, Rogers") family,334

MacSíthigh ("MacSheehy, Sheehy, Shee") family,334

MacSuibhne ("MacSweeney, Sweeny") family,334;first record of,335

MagRoth, MaġRaṫ=Moira

Magnus, king of Norway, fails to restore Norse power,280

Malachy (Maol m'Aoḋóg), Saint,281

Mathgamain (Maṫġaṁain) overthrows Eoghanacht dynasty,268

Matriarchy, a Pictish custom,59

Medb (Meaḋḃ),80,118

Medraige (Meaḋraiġe),82

Midhe, early extent of,113;partition of,235

Míl, legend of,91-95

Military organisation disappears,229,235,251,267;reintroduced,325

Military tribes of pre-Celtic origin,79-82

Moira, battle of,199

Monarchy, Irish, fictitious accounts of,115,239;origin of,118;held by Connacht dynasty,130;detached from Connacht dynasty,192;succession to,231,238;in abeyance,272;restored in depraved form,273

Muirchertach MacErca, king of Ireland,190-193

Muirchertach, king of Ailech, career of,266

Muiredach Tírech (Muireaḋaċ Tíreaċ),124

Munster, ancient extent of,108,126,186;increasing power of,236;ecclesiastical kings of,258

Mythological inhabitants of Ireland,85

Mythology of Irish Celts shows traces of continental origin,87;transformed by Christian writers,88

N

Nationality, ancient Irish conception of,96;characteristic development of,224-229;conscious sense of,244-248Nath-Í,157Nemed (Neiṁeaḋ),88Neolithic Age in Ireland,69Nia Segomon (Nia Seaġaṁan),127Niall Glundubh, king of Ireland,263Niall of the Nine Hostages,129,130,157;settlements of his kindred,180-185Norman statecraft,301Normans, so called, in Ireland, their racial, linguistic, and political affinities,302Norman plan of conquest,304North Leinster kingdom, fall of,122Nuadu (Nuaḋa. Nodons), a Celtic god,95Norse invasions begin,203,249;Celtic resistance to,205;conquests in Scotland,205;kingdom of Hebrides and Argyle,211-220;earliest settlements in Ireland,251;power in England and France,254;expelled from northern Ireland,255;adopt a settled life,265,273;demoralisation caused by,281

Nationality, ancient Irish conception of,96;characteristic development of,224-229;conscious sense of,244-248

Nath-Í,157

Nemed (Neiṁeaḋ),88

Neolithic Age in Ireland,69

Nia Segomon (Nia Seaġaṁan),127

Niall Glundubh, king of Ireland,263

Niall of the Nine Hostages,129,130,157;settlements of his kindred,180-185

Norman statecraft,301

Normans, so called, in Ireland, their racial, linguistic, and political affinities,302

Norman plan of conquest,304

North Leinster kingdom, fall of,122

Nuadu (Nuaḋa. Nodons), a Celtic god,95

Norse invasions begin,203,249;Celtic resistance to,205;conquests in Scotland,205;kingdom of Hebrides and Argyle,211-220;earliest settlements in Ireland,251;power in England and France,254;expelled from northern Ireland,255;adopt a settled life,265,273;demoralisation caused by,281

O

Ocha, importance of the battle of,190,231Oengus (Aonġus), a Celtic god,86Oengus (Aonġus), king of Munster,128O'Farrell (Ua Fearġail) territory extended,336Ogham alphabet, origin of,170;inscriptions, range and time of,173Ogmios, Ogme (Oġma), a Celtic god,171Oileach=Ailechoirchinnea=chairchinnechoireacht=airechtOirghialla=AirgiallaO'Neill, Brian, career of,328;chosen chief king,331O'Neill dynasty, increased power of,343Oriel=AirgiallaOrosius, Irish writers influenced by,90,92-95Ovoca, curious origin of the name,139

Ocha, importance of the battle of,190,231

Oengus (Aonġus), a Celtic god,86

Oengus (Aonġus), king of Munster,128

O'Farrell (Ua Fearġail) territory extended,336

Ogham alphabet, origin of,170;inscriptions, range and time of,173

Ogmios, Ogme (Oġma), a Celtic god,171

Oileach=Ailech

oirchinnea=chairchinnech

oireacht=airecht

Oirghialla=Airgialla

O'Neill, Brian, career of,328;chosen chief king,331

O'Neill dynasty, increased power of,343

Oriel=Airgialla

Orosius, Irish writers influenced by,90,92-95

Ovoca, curious origin of the name,139

P

"P-Celts" and "Q-Celts,"43,46Paganism, survival of,224Palæolithic Age not represented in Ireland,68Palladius, Saint, mission of,163Parthalón,39,88Patrick, Saint,159;date of his death,222;Bury's account of,225Pelagius,164Pentarchy in Irish tradition,100Picts, supposed to be Iberians,41;Ireland and Britain named from,59;in Ireland and Scotland,62-65;legendary origin of,64;in Ireland,74;in Ulster,120,185;earliest mention of,141;in Connacht,180;their kingdom in Scotland overthrown,204;they lose territory in Ulster,233Pliny on Ireland,135Political system in ancient Ireland,274-278Pomponius Mela on Ireland,134Poseidonios on Ireland,133Pre-Celtic population of Ireland,73Pre-Celtic metal workers,75,76Pretani, significance of the name,59,62Primitive races, assumptions regarding,83Property in land,295-299Ptolemy on Ireland,136

"P-Celts" and "Q-Celts,"43,46

Paganism, survival of,224

Palæolithic Age not represented in Ireland,68

Palladius, Saint, mission of,163

Parthalón,39,88

Patrick, Saint,159;date of his death,222;Bury's account of,225

Pelagius,164

Pentarchy in Irish tradition,100

Picts, supposed to be Iberians,41;Ireland and Britain named from,59;in Ireland and Scotland,62-65;legendary origin of,64;in Ireland,74;in Ulster,120,185;earliest mention of,141;in Connacht,180;their kingdom in Scotland overthrown,204;they lose territory in Ulster,233

Pliny on Ireland,135

Political system in ancient Ireland,274-278

Pomponius Mela on Ireland,134

Poseidonios on Ireland,133

Pre-Celtic population of Ireland,73

Pre-Celtic metal workers,75,76

Pretani, significance of the name,59,62

Primitive races, assumptions regarding,83

Property in land,295-299

Ptolemy on Ireland,136

Q

Qreteni, an ancient name for the Picts,59

Qreteni, an ancient name for the Picts,59

R

Race, true and false notions of,1,2Racial fusion in Ireland,229Red Earl of Ulster,336Revolt against Gaelic rule,80,119Rígdamna (ríoġḋaṁna), precise meaning of,231Roman empire, collapse of,158Roman military system influences Ireland,150"Rosnaree," Ros na Ríoġ, battle of,103

Race, true and false notions of,1,2

Racial fusion in Ireland,229

Red Earl of Ulster,336

Revolt against Gaelic rule,80,119

Rígdamna (ríoġḋaṁna), precise meaning of,231

Roman empire, collapse of,158

Roman military system influences Ireland,150

"Rosnaree," Ros na Ríoġ, battle of,103

S

Schools, reorganisation of,284Scotland, Irish colonisation of,194;Irish settlements extend to east coast,202;conquest by Cinaed (Cionaoḋ),204;centralised polity of,206;extent of Irish colonisation,207;anglicisation,208;feudal institutions introduced,209Scotti, legendary origin of,90;earliest mention of,143;meaning of the name,144;St. Jerome's account of,146Scottish history, earliest documents of,198Scythians in Irish legend,91Segomo, a Celtic god,127Semaine (Seamaine), Semrige (Seimriġe), Semonrige (Seamonraiġe), Tuath Semon (Seaman),75,78Síol Aedo Sláne (Síol Aoḋa Sláine), dynasty of,236Sliab Badbgnai (Sliaḃ ḃáġna, "Slieve Baune"),78Sliab Echtgi (Sliaḃ Eaċtġa, "Slieve Aughty or Baughty"),78Snakes absent from Ireland,140Solinus on Ireland,140States in ancient Ireland, classification of,274,275Strabo on Ireland,134Sumarlidi (Soṁairliḋ), founds a kingdom in western Scotland,214;spurious pedigree of,215;sends embassy to Derry,284;his descendants in Ireland,326,334

Schools, reorganisation of,284

Scotland, Irish colonisation of,194;Irish settlements extend to east coast,202;conquest by Cinaed (Cionaoḋ),204;centralised polity of,206;extent of Irish colonisation,207;anglicisation,208;feudal institutions introduced,209

Scotti, legendary origin of,90;earliest mention of,143;meaning of the name,144;St. Jerome's account of,146

Scottish history, earliest documents of,198

Scythians in Irish legend,91

Segomo, a Celtic god,127

Semaine (Seamaine), Semrige (Seimriġe), Semonrige (Seamonraiġe), Tuath Semon (Seaman),75,78

Síol Aedo Sláne (Síol Aoḋa Sláine), dynasty of,236

Sliab Badbgnai (Sliaḃ ḃáġna, "Slieve Baune"),78

Sliab Echtgi (Sliaḃ Eaċtġa, "Slieve Aughty or Baughty"),78

Snakes absent from Ireland,140

Solinus on Ireland,140

States in ancient Ireland, classification of,274,275

Strabo on Ireland,134

Sumarlidi (Soṁairliḋ), founds a kingdom in western Scotland,214;spurious pedigree of,215;sends embassy to Derry,284;his descendants in Ireland,326,334

T

Tacitus on Ireland,136Tadhg, son of Cian,121Taillte ("Teltown"), assembly of, interrupted,256;restored,258"Táin Bó Cuailnge," its ancient celebrity,100Tanistry, origin of,295Tara (Teaṁair), a provincial capital,104;occupied by Connacht dynasty,120;its desertion, legendary and historical,233-236"Teora Connachta," 130Tigernach (Tiġearnaċ),86Tillage in Ireland during Bronze Age,72Tin from Britain, ancient trade in,47Tradition, historical value of,105;medieval treatment of,279"Tribal system," theory of,289Tuatha Dé Danaan,85,95Tuathal Teachtmhar,118

Tacitus on Ireland,136

Tadhg, son of Cian,121

Taillte ("Teltown"), assembly of, interrupted,256;restored,258

"Táin Bó Cuailnge," its ancient celebrity,100

Tanistry, origin of,295

Tara (Teaṁair), a provincial capital,104;occupied by Connacht dynasty,120;its desertion, legendary and historical,233-236

"Teora Connachta," 130

Tigernach (Tiġearnaċ),86

Tillage in Ireland during Bronze Age,72

Tin from Britain, ancient trade in,47

Tradition, historical value of,105;medieval treatment of,279

"Tribal system," theory of,289

Tuatha Dé Danaan,85,95

Tuathal Teachtmhar,118

U

Ui Maine kingdom, origin of,179Ui Néill,130;Northern and Southern,184-186;dissensions of,233,236Uisneach occupied by Connacht dynasty,118Ulaidh, kingdom of,185Ulster, ancient extent of,112,123-125,129;Great Wall of,131;strategic aspect of frontier,328;O'Neill kings of,335;earldom,336;goes to English royal house,339;Feudal authority overthrown in,341Ulster kingdom, fall of,126

Ui Maine kingdom, origin of,179

Ui Néill,130;Northern and Southern,184-186;dissensions of,233,236

Uisneach occupied by Connacht dynasty,118

Ulaidh, kingdom of,185

Ulster, ancient extent of,112,123-125,129;Great Wall of,131;strategic aspect of frontier,328;O'Neill kings of,335;earldom,336;goes to English royal house,339;Feudal authority overthrown in,341

Ulster kingdom, fall of,126

W

Welsh settlers in Ireland,303,(See also under Britons)Warfare in ancient Ireland,227Waterford, Norse settlement at,262;successfully defended,264World-sovereignty, Irish notions about,269Writing in Irish, early spread of,176

Welsh settlers in Ireland,303,(See also under Britons)

Warfare in ancient Ireland,227

Waterford, Norse settlement at,262;successfully defended,264

World-sovereignty, Irish notions about,269

Writing in Irish, early spread of,176

Z

Zimmer's theory of the beginning of Irish learning,164

Zimmer's theory of the beginning of Irish learning,164


Back to IndexNext