AAbbott, T.K., on tides,369Adams, John Couch,193,217,302,323,324,325,327,329,330,352,385Airy, Sir George,193,244,302,323,324,327,367Anaxagoras,15Appian,218Arabs, the, form a link between the old and new science,9Archimedes,7,8,84,87,144,177Aristarchus,34Aristotle,66,69,88,94,99,167.He taught that the earth was a sphere,16;his theories did not allow of the earth's motion,34;he was regarded as inspired,89BBacon, Francis,142,143,144,145.HisNovum Organum,141Bacon, Roger,96,139,140.The herald of the dawn of science,9Brahé, George, uncle of Tycho Brahé,39Brahé, Steno, brother of Tycho Brahé,39Brahé, Tycho,37,39,40,44,45,49,51,53,54,55,58,63,64,65,66,68,71,72,74,75,77,78,86,94,117,137,155,165,166,200,244,281,288.He tried to adopt the main features of the Copernican theory without admitting the motion of the earth,37;he was a poor theorist but a great observer,38;his medicine,44;his personal history,39,seq.;his observatory, Uraniburg,47;his greatest invention,50, note;his maniac Lep,52;his kindness to Kepler,63Ball, Sir R.,391,394;hisStory of the Heavens,377Barrow, Dr.,165,187Bessel,288,310,311,313,315,316,318,323Biela,345,346,347Bode's Law,60,296,298,299,326Boyle,139,188Bradley, Prof. James,233,246,247,249,252,253,308,319Bremiker,328,329Brewster, on Kepler,78Brinkley,308Bruno, Giordano,108,127CCastelli,112,133Cayley, Prof.,385Challis, Prof.,328,329Clairut,193,216,217,219,234,341Clark, Alvan and Sons,316Columbus,9,144Copernicus,7,10,seq.,14,26,27,29,30,31,33,34,35,37,38,62,66,68,70,78,93,95,100,108,111,121,122,137,155,166,223,234,247,307;hisDe Revolutionibus Orbium Cœlestium,11,75,138;heprovedthat the earth went round the sun,13;the influence of his theory on the Church,13,seq.;his life-work summarised,30;his Life by Mr. E.J.C. Morton,31Copernican tables,40;Copernican theory,59,60,125,144,167Copernik, Nicolas; see CopernicusCornu,238Croll, Dr., hisClimate and Time,264DD'Alembert,193,234Darwin, Charles,134,138,397Darwin, Prof. George,367,394Delambre,253Descartes,145,146,148,151,153,156,158,164,165,167,178,181,224,227;hisDiscourse on Method,142;his dream,147;his system of algebraic geometry,149,seq.;his doctrine of vortices,151,seq.;hisPrincipia Mathematica,154;his Life by Mr. Mahaffy,154EEarth, the difficulties in the way of believing that it moved,34,seq."Earth-rise in Moon-land,"258, noteEncke,345,346Epicyclic orbits explained,23,seq.Equinoxes, their precession discovered by Hipparchus,27Eudoxus,19Euler,193,234FFaraday,84Fizeau,238,239Flamsteed,215,246,284,308,319Fraunhofer,311Froude, Prof.; hisOceania,387GGalen,87Galileo, Galilei,63,75,84,88,90,92,93,97,98,101,104,106,107,108,109,110,112,114,116,117,118,120,121,122,123,125,127,133,134,137,144,145,153,154,157,165,166,167,168,177,188,200,224,227,256,281,288,309,361;his youth,85;his discovery of the pendulum,86;his first observations about falling bodies,88,seq.;he invents a telescope,95;he adopts the Copernican theory,94;he conceives "earth-shine,"100;he discovers Jupiter's moons,103;he studies Saturn,114,seq.;hisDialogues on the Ptolemaic and Copernican Systems,124;his abjuration,130;he becomes blind,132;he discovered the Laws of Motion,167,seq.;he guessed that sight was not instantaneous,236,237Galle, Dr.,245,329Gauss,299,300Gilbert, Dr.,139,140,157,188;hisDe Magnete,140,144Greeks, their scientific methods,7Groombridge's Catalogue,315HHadley,185Halley,192,193,194,195,197,215,218,219,246,258,260,261,340,341;he discovered thePrincipia,194Harvey,144,149Haughton, Dr.,321;his manual on Astronomy,21, noteHeliometer, described,311Helmholtz,378Helmont, Van, invented the word "gas,"141Henderson,310,314Herschel, Alexander,275,277,278,279Herschel, Caroline,275,276,279,286,345;her journal quoted,277,seq.;her work with William H. described,284Herschel, Sir John,283,285,327,329Herschel, William,185,234,235,244,249,274,275,280,281,282,284,288,289,290,293,295,305,309,310,318,319,327;he "sweeps" the heavens,280;his discovery of Uranus,281,287;his artificial Saturn,281,282;his methods of work with his sister, described,284;he founded the science of Astronomy,287Hind,300Hipparchus,7,18,20,27,28, and note,30,40,66,223,253;an explanation of his discovery of the precession of the equinoxes,27, seq.Hippocrates,87Homeric Cosmogony,15,seq.Hooke,139,188,192,193,196,197,308Hôpital, Marquis de l',228Horkey, Martin,106Horrebow,244Huxley, Prof.,149Huyghens,86,166,185KKant,267,270Kelvin, Lord, see Thomson, Sir W.Kepler, John,59,60,63,64,65,66,70,72,73,75,77,79,84,93,94,95,104,106,107,110,122,137,145,153,158,164,165,166,167,192,200,208,209,210,211,212,214,218,224,227,253,256,259,260,262,288,295,296,332,338,361,389;he replaced epicycles by an ellipse,27;he was a pupil of Tycho Brahé,54;he was a speculator more than an observer,58;his personal life,58,seq.;his theories about the numbers and distances of the planets,60,62;he was helped by Tycho,63;his main work,65,seq.;he gave up circular motion,69;hisMysterium Cosmographicon,105;his Laws,71,74,173,174,176,179,180,206,seq.LLagrange,193,234,255,256,257,258,263Lagrange and Laplace,258,266,395;they laid the foundations of the planetary theory,259Laplace,68,193,218,234,255,261,262,267,268,269,270,272,288,301,317,384,385,390;his nebular hypothesis,267,292;hisMécanique Céleste,323Lassell, Mr.,283,284Leibnitz,192,197,233Le Monnier,319Leonardo, see Vinci, Leonardo daLeverrier,193,327,328,329,330,352Lippershey, Hans,95MMaskelyne,281Maxwell, Clerk,302,303Molyneux,248,249Morton, Mr. E.J. C, his Life of Copernicus,31NNewton, Prof. H.A.,347Newton, Sir Isaac,7,30,79,138,139,144,145,149,153,157,158,165,166,167,174,176,184,187,188,189,191,192,194,196,198,199,201,213,216,219,220,221,224,226,227,228,233,242,253,255,256,274,288,317,340,378;hisPrincipia,191,192,193,194,195,196,197,207,214,216,218,228,233,242,253;his early life,161,seq.;his first experiments,163;his work at Cambridge,164;his Laws,168;his application of the Laws of Gravity to Astronomy,177,178,179,185,190;his reticence,178;his discoveries in Optics,181,seq.;his work summarised,186;hisOptics,189;anecdotes of him,191;his appearance in a Court of Justice,195;some of his manuscripts very recently discovered,217;his theories of the Equinoxes and tides,223,seq.,225,363,seq.OOlbers,299,300PPeters, Prof.,300,316Piazzi,298,299,308,313Picard,190,242,244,247Pioneers, genuine,7Planets and days of the week,18Poynting,332Printing,9Ptolemy,18,20,27,38,153,155,166,214;his system of the Heavens simplified by Copernicus,11,30;his system described,19,seq.;his system taught,34;his harmonies,74Pythagoras,19,20,34QQuadrant, an early,42,43RRheiter,107Ricci, Ostillio,86,87Roberts, Isaac,268Roemer,239,240,242,244,249,251,308Rosse, Lord, his telescope,186,268Rudolphine tables,65SScheiner,107Sizzi, Francesca, an orthodox astronomer,106Snell, Willebrod, and the law of refraction,65Solar system, its fate,265Stars, a list of,307Struve,308,310,311,313Stuart, Prof., quoted,52TTatius,296Telescopes, early,96Thales,7,140,317Thomson, Sir William,367,372,373,378,394Tide-gauge, described,373,seq.Tides,354,seq.Time, is not exactly uniform,384Torricelli,133,168Tycho, see Brahé, TychoVVinci, Leonardo da,9,100,144,184Viviani,133,168Voltaire,181WWatson, Prof.,300Whewell,227Wren, Sir Christopher,188,192,193,197ZZach, Von,296,299Zone of Asteroids,300,seq.