nihatadzumi, form pool; said of the flow of tears (nagaruru namida).nihatsutori, forecourt-bird; the cock.nihimurono, like new dwelling, it ought to benihimuro wo fumi-shidzumi, tread level the earth-floor or platform of a new dwelling, and the whole phrase applied by pivot-word (fumi-shidzumi), to Shidzu no ko, the girl Shidzu (Miss Gentle).nihotorino, like grebe or water-fowl pairing together (like turtle-doves emblematic of spousal love);this m. k. used generally with words of affection,futari narabi(passing life together),nadzusahi(floating together), &c., also withkadzuki(dive),ashi nure(wet-foot),oki naga, foriki naga(long-breath—as after diving),48,61.nikogusano, likeniko(?) flower; m. k. ofhanatsuma(woman finely dressed? Cf.hana yome= bride); also, by sound-quibble, ofnikoyaka.nochiseyama, Nochise-hill, by sound-quibble used withnochi, after.notogahano, Noto river, used as if,noto=nochi, cf. Nochiseyama.nubatamano(there exists a good deal of learning on this word). It may be taken as = black berries of Pardanthus sinensis, and applicable to things black or dark—night, dream, moon, &c.,23,24,59,60,153,154,240.nutsutorino, moor-bird; i.e.kingishi(kizhi), pheasant.nuyetorino(nuyekotori), likenuye-bird, whose cry is like that of lamentation—perhaps a sort of owl; a m. k. ofuranage(lamentation); also ofkatakohi(solitary love—as when lovers parted); ofnodoyobi(throaty, hoarse-voiced).ochitagitsu, the fall and roar of rapids, cascades, &c.; applications obvious,71.ohobuneno, like great ship; applied to Katori no umi (pl. n.); tokaji-tori, steersman; other applications are obvious, one is totanomu, rely on, trust to (as a sailor to his tall ship),17,22,26,27,59,70.ohokimino, great lord; applications obvious, e.g. to Mikasa yama (hill-name),47.ohokuchino, great-jaws; used with Makami no hara, see153; allusion, perhaps, toôkami, wolf.Ohotomono, used with Mitsu and Takashi (pl. n.); the reference is to the history of the Ohotomo clan. Cf. the Manyô lays on this clan.ohotorino, great-bird, a name given to several large birds, swan, crane, fêng-bird, &c.; applications obvious.ohowigusa, Scirpus lacustris, L. (Japanese variety); this seems to be used withyoso(elsewhere, anywhere), by sound-quibble as ifyoso, wereohoyoso(oyoso), everywhere, generally.ohoyukino, great snow-storm; used withmidare, confusion.okinisumu, mid-sea-dwelling; applications obvious.okitsumono(oki tsu mo no), mid-sea sea-weed; used with Nabari no yama (hill-name),—nabaru=kakaruandnabiku, yield, bend.okitsunami, deep-sea waves; applications are obvious when they occur, to wave-motion, wave-restlessness, wave-heaving, &c.,252.okitsutori, mid-sea-birds; applications obvious.okuyamano, inner mountains, that is away from coast, recesses of the hills; applications obvious.oshiteru(—ya), probablyoshitateru, surging, toppling; applied to Naniha (nami-haya, swift waves). Some prefer to read the m. k. as sparkling, shining,48,77,79,259.261.sabahenasu, buzz like flies insa(5th) month; used withsawaku, make a noise or commotion (as a crowd does),52,69.Sadanourano, place-name; by sound-quibble applied tokonosada(wori)sugite, the time having passed.sadzuhitono, like hunters or fishers (wild boar or whale, &c.)—used with Yutsuki (hill-name),yu=yumi, bow.sagoromono, outer garment; used withwo, cord, with which it was fastened (sound-quibble in Wotsukubanero)—wois here a prefix, perhaps of praise, sort of diminutive.sahidzuruyo; see kotosaheku.sakatorino, birds (that fly) about the pass; used withasa koye, morning or early crossing of a pass,12.sakidakeno, like split bamboo; used with phrasesogahi ni neshi, sleep like halves of split bamboo, back to back.sakikusano(Habenaria radiata, Thun.); a three-stemmed plant, name of which is thus used, with reference to the middle stem, withnaka ni nemu, sleep between (as child between parents),70.sakuhanano, blooming blossom; used withutsurofu, change, fade.sakurabana, cherry-blossom; used withsakaye wotome, blooming maid.sanakadzura(sanekadzura),160.sanekadzura(seesana k—), Kadzura japonica, L.; a long-coiling creeper, hence used with phrases and words involving reference to time,nochi(after),ahamu(will meet),tayuru(cease),27,161.sanekayano, seems =sanekadzura; (alsokayawith strong close roots); used with reference tomakoto nagoya= sane, true, real—yielding, soft.sanidzurafu, truly red-like, ruddy; used withohokimi,kimi,imo,wotome,iro(colour, complexion),momichi(red of autumn),himo(cord, girdle),45,55,94.sashinamino, be on level, in row with; used withtonari, neighbouring (buildings, houses, &c.),90.sashinoboru, ascend up towards heaven; said of Hirume no mikoto.sashisusumu, a difficult word, as written = stick out; read withkuru(kuri), chestnut with the spines on, by sound-quibble as m. k. ofKurusu(name of a moor).sasudakeno, sprouting bamboo; bamboo shooting from the ground, a rapid process denoting vigour, &c.—hence used with words meaning lord, prince, &c. also with phraseha komorite(ha) = leaf-hidden,92,93.sasuyanagi, planted willow; slip of planted willow quickly roots, hence m. k. used withne harusaid ofadzusa(white-wood, bow-wood), root-spread.sawoshikano, like hart or buck; used with Iri (name of a moor),iriread asiru, be in, i.e. where deer are.sayuribana, lily-flower; m. k. ofyuri, lily.sazarenami, ripples; withiso, shore;shikiterepeatedly;yamu toki mo nashi, without ceasing;tachete mo wite mo, continually.shidzutamaki, armlet of mean person; withkazu ni mo aranu(of no account),iyashiki, mean.shihobuneno, ships in port with or waiting the tide; used withnarabu, arrange in row; withokareba kanashithe m. k. is obscure, probably the reference is to ships left in harbour as one spouse isleftwhen other away.shikishimano, an epithet of Yamato as = Japan. A difficult m. k. It is sometimes written ‘spread-out islands’, sometimes ‘stone-work or fort-tract, or island’, the site of an ancient capital.shikitaheno, spread outtahe, cloth made of mulberry-bark fibre; or spread-out and fine, used with words meaning dress, pillow, bed-place, dwelling, sleeve,17,26,29,30,49,58,70,82.shimadzutafu, threading or coasting islands; m. k. offune, ship, boat.Shimanonuno, Moor of Shima; used, by sound-quibble, withshibashiba(often),shibaandshimabeing related in sound.shimatsutori, island birds (cormorants); used withukabu, swim, float.shinaderu= shinatsu, steepwise as the rise of a hill; used withkata, as meaning hill-slope or shoulder (in compounds),106. Meaning obscure.shinagatori, either tail (rump)-long bird, or breath-long bird;nihotori(grebe), used with Wina (pl. n.);wi= be with (here = pair, asnihotorido), also withaha, perhaps foruhaha, upper feathers—but this use is obscure,104.shinahinebu, bend-nebu-tree; Albizzia Julibrissin?—used, by sound-quibble, witha ha shinubi yezu, I cannot conceal or endure.shinazakaru,shina-saka-aru, havingsteep passes; applied to Koshi,214,252.shinunomeno, shoot ofshinoorshinu(a small bamboo): used withshinubu, by sound-quibble.shirakumono, white cloud; emblem of impermanence, hence used withsugu(pass); withtatsu(rise) in Tatsuta-hill (written withtatsu, dragon); also withtaye(cease, end),86,107.shiramanago, white sand; with words denoting brilliance, clearness, &c.shiramayumi, Euonymus Europoea, L.? the ‘yumi’ (bow) applies toharu(stretch);i(shoot);hiof Hida, as if ofhiku(draw).shiranamino, white waves;to hama(shore);to ichishiroku(conspicuous? perhaps referring to beacons on hills);to omoshiru kimi, my lord whom I recognize clearly.shiranuhino, of unknown fires; used with Tsukushi, where strange flames are supposed to have been seen by a Mikado. Probably they were watch-fires or beacons, but see lay61.shiranukuni, ignorant, i.e. foreign land; used withyori koseji(Kosè road),yorikosebeing understood as involving a reference to bringing a foreign land under the beneficent rule of the Mikado.shirasugeno, white (or shining) sedge; with Manu (name of a place famous for its sedges); also, sound-quibble,shiraretaru, known.shiratamano, like white jewel, precious, lovely, &c.,120.shiratohoru, a very difficult word, used with Wonihita (hill-name)—the suggestion has been made,shira to horu, where men dig out white (fine) grindstones!shiratorino, white bird; used withsagi, stork (Sagisaka, pl. n.); with Tobayama (tobu= fly); also, obscurely, withma nu.shiratsutsuzhi, white azalea; used, by sound-quibble, withshiranu(koto mochi), not-know.shiratsuyuno, white dew; withke, vanish.shirayukino, white snow; withichishiroku, conspicuous.shirikusano, a plant (unknown); used, by sound-quibble, with the phrasehito mina shirinu aga; I whom all knew.shirotaheno, whitetahe-cloth or white and dazzling; withkoromo(dress);sode(sleeve);tasuki(shoulder-bands);hire(wimple);himo(girdle or cord);obi(girdle),24andpassim, see28,31,48.shishizhimono, like deer; withihahi-fushi, kneel invoking;hizawori-fushi, kneel; these uses refer to deer’s mode of kneeling;—withyumiya kakumite, surrounded (as prisoner) by archers as deer are when hunted; also withmidzukuhegomoru, water-immersed, referring to deer standing in pools for refreshment, &c. (comp. Lamb’s ‘Yon tall and elegant stag, | who paints a dancing shadow of his horns | in the water where he drinks).shitabimono(shitamono no himo), string of a petticoat: used, by sound-quibble (partly with meaning), withshitayu kofuru, love devotedly.shizhikushiro, written to signify ‘abundant armlets’ but more probably meaning ‘abundant sake’. The m. k. is used as a praise-epithet ofyomi, Hades,125.sudzukaneno, like horse-bells; m. k. ofhayuma, swift horse, government messenger’s horse.suganoneno, rush-root; epithet ofnaga(long); cf.omohimidare(thought- or love-disturbed);[ne] mokoro;tayuru(cease, end).sugimurano, cryptomeria grove; by sound-quibble withsugi, pass, pass beyond.Sukanoyama, Suka-hill; by sound-quibble applied tosukanaku, unloving or unloved (sugenaku).soramitsu(a difficult word), written, sky-seen-station; the usual explanation of its application to Yamato is that it was Yamato that the God Nigihayabi made his goal when he descended from Heaven (see N. I. 111). More probably the m. k. means sky-shine, sky-bright, and should be applied toyama(hill), part of thename Yamato; or it may mean sky-seen, seen high against the sky,1,9,68,254,256.tachibanano, like orange-tree; applied to Miyeri (pl. n.);— mi(fruit of orange), assimilated to Mi.tachibanawo, the orange-tree; used withmori, watchman (to prevent theft of fruit), homophonous with Mori[be no sato], a village-name.tachikomono,komois an Eastland form ofkamo, wild duck; used withtachi no sawaki, the din of rising wild duck as they leave the water with a whirr.tachinoshiri, sword-point;tachi no shiri saya niIrinu, sword-point has entered scabbard (Irinu = moor of Iri, alsoirinu, has entered); withtama maku tawi(a field sown with rice-seed), the reference is to the jewelled (tama mahu), point of the scabbard.tadawatari, cross simply, not in a boat but by wading (as when in a hurry); withkaha yuki-watari(cross stream); with Anashi (river-name),anashi=ana ashi= alas for one’s feet! or Oh one’s feet!tadzuganaku, where the cranes scream; said of Nagoye (creek-name), andashihe, reedy place.tahamidzura, name of atsura, creeping plant, it may =tamakadzura; used withhiku, draw, pull upon.takahikaru, high-shine, as the sun in heaven; used with Hino miko, Hino mikado;hidenoting sun-descent,12,13,14,22,25,32,34,68.takakurano, high-throned; used with Mikasa (hill-name), by reference tomi kasaSovran’s canopy.takamikura, high-grand-throned; used withAma no hi tsugi, descent from Heaven’s sun,228.takigikoru, cut faggots; used withkama, bill, homophonous with Kama (kura), hill-name.takubusuma, a quilt or sleeping-dress made oftaku(white mulberry-bark cloth); hence applied toshira, white, in names and compounds.takudzununo, a rope made of mulberry-fibre; used with words of whiteness and of length asshirahige(white hair); Shiraki (a Korean province);nagaki inochi, long life,49,262.takuhireno, wimple orhiremade of mulberry cloth; used with Shirahama (white sands); Sagi [saka], Stork Pass;kake, put on.takunahano, cord of mulberry-fibre; used withchihiro, a thousand fathoms [long],29.tamadzusa, precious white-wood (Catalpa); used withtsukahi, messenger. Motowori thinks they carried a jewelled wand ofadzusaas a badge. Others saytamadzusawere exchanged between men and women, as a keepsake or souvenir in Michinoku, made of paper variously arranged to give different meanings; in Sanuki, a lover’s offering made of straw. It may have been a spray of Catalpa (or cherry?) to which a gift or writing was attached. Now it means simply a letter. Used withimo(my love), it is sometimes merely a praise-epithet (like a kind of Trichosanthes tamadzusa flower),27,45,59.tamahayasu, jewel-like-brilliant; used withmuko, suitor, bridegroom.tamahokono, a difficult word, jewelled-spear or precious spear; it is used withmi chi(road). Motowori saysmi chioriginally meant haft of a spear, and thus explained the use withmi chi, road. Another account makes it illustrative of the straightness of a good road. Dr. Aston sees in it a phallic sense. The m. k. is found also withsato, village (sato=mato=michi?),15,27,28,30,31, &c.tamajihafu, blessing man’s spirit;jihafu=sachihafau= saiwai; used withkami, deity.tamakadzura, false hair, a chaplet; used withkage(foromokage? face-form, features); withkake, put on,39,48.tamakadzura, the Kadzura creeper; used withtayuru toki naku(never ending), andiya tohoku nagaku,further and longer in space or time,74.tamakagiru, said to be error forkagirohi,146.tamakatsuma,katsuma= lidded wicker-work receptacle or basket, pannier?; used withafu, meet, fit (as lid does body of basket); also withabeshi(afu), and Shimakuma (hill-name); latter use obscure,48.tamakiharu, this may be =tamaki haku, draw on armlet, used withuchiforude(arm); or limit (kiha [ma]ru), length of life (tama=tamashii), so used withinochi, life,yo, period, age. The m. k. is variously written,3,64,69,70,136.tamakushige, precious comb-box, toilet-box; used withake(open), with Mimuro (hill-name),mi= body of comb-box; Futagami (hill-name), the homophonfuta= lid; withashi(reed), as =asa[ke], shallow cavity.tamakushino, like precious comb; (or rather, likegohei, offerings), used with many words.tamakushiro, bead or pearl armlet; applied tote(arm), tomaki(wind round), as inmaki-neshi, sleep-entwining-arms,120.tamamokaru, reap fine seaweed; chiefly a descriptive epithet.tamamonasu, like fine seaweed (or riverweed); used withukabe(float),yorineshi(nestle close by in sleep),nabikineshi, clinging-sleeping,nabiku, bend, yield,13,16,17,23.tamamoyoshi, when fine seaweed is plenteous; an epithet of the land of Sanuki,30.tamanowono, precious thread, thread or yarn rolled up in a ball; used with words denoting length or shortness (time), or custom, or disorder;nagaki,tayu,midaru,ahida,tsugite,53,148,192,251.tamatareno, like bead-lace hanging down; m. k. ofwochi(fall, descend);wosu(small bamboo-blind, for door or window),23.tamatasuki, shoulder-bands or cords to hold the sleeve back, or, according to some, to help the hands and attached to wrists (alsotabatasuki);—m. k. ofkaku(throw on or over), andunebi(—una ne musubi, lie on, or round root of neck?),4,9,24,27,40,57.tamotohori, walk, wander about; used with Yukimi (village-name),yuki= go.tamukegusa, offerings to the gods; used withnusa tori okite, take and offer pieces of cloth (to a god).tarachineno, like one who suckles; m. k. ofhaha(mother), connected withtaru, drop,chichi, milk,neroot = source,48,66.tarachishino=tarachineno.tatamikeme(tatamikomo?),keme, is Eastland forkomo, used with Murazhi (pl. n.),murazhiregarded as =muro shiki, spread within the dwelling, i.e. thekomo(rush), matting (tatami).tatanadzuku(tatanaharinadzuku); fold up, be in foldings; applied toyama(hills), as many ridged or rising in successive ridges; toyaharaka, soft, as easily folded, so tonikihada, skin-surface of body, as soft and pliable,11,13,23.tatanamete, written, shield-arranging; (as wall to shoot over), used withidzumi, as connected, once identical, in sound withidomu, to challenge (enemy).tatanedomo, although-not-rise-start; used with phrase,Okina ni itari(arrive at Okina—oki, rise erect being included in meaning oftata(tatsu)). Perhapsokanedomowould be a better reading.tatsukirino, like rising mist; used withsugu, pass away; withichishiroku, conspicuous, as the mists along marshy tracts are,39,222,251.tatsunamino, like rising waves; used withshibashiba wabishi, my regrets as countless as the waves that rise and fall.Tatsutayama, a hill-name; by sound-quibble applied to the phrasetachite mo wite mo.tatsutorino, rising-birds (as in the morning by the hills);—applied tome(eye), regarded as contraction ofmure, flock (i.e. of the birds), inthe phraseme yu ka na wo miru(yu=ni), with my eyes do I not see you!tawarahano, like child in hand; withne,naku, cry, to scream, weep,59.tawayameno, like woman yielding, weak, &c.; withomohitawa-yamu, be weak, feeble, yielding in spirit, thought, intention.terutsuki, shining moon; what one is never tired of (akanu) seeing.tobusatate, a difficult word. Kogi explains it as =tomosatateortadzukitate, that is, ply a sort of woodman’s axe; this would explain the use of the m. k. in the phraseyama ni funaki-kiri, fell timber for ships in the hill forests.Tobusaaccording to (I.) means an offering of tree-tops by woodmen to the hill-gods.tobutadzuno, flying crane; sound-quibble, m. k. oftadzutadzushi.tobutorino, like a flying bird; used with Asuka (pl. n.), often writtentobushima. Another explanation is that Asuka =ashika[ru], light of foot = rapid, and birds are both rapid and light-footed,23,26,86.tohotsuhito, people far away, as travellers; hence used withmatsu(wait, expect), as in Matsura (matsu no ura= pine-fringed bay);matsu no shita ji yu(from the road under the pine-trees); withkariji(there is a quibble withkari, wild geese, regarded as far travellers (on account of their migrations)),183.tohotsukami, far-off, i.e. far above me—God = Most High Divine Majesty. A m. k. ofohokimi, great-lord—His Majesty,4.tohotsukuni, far-off land; m. k. ofyomi, Hades.tokikinuno, like dress unfastened; m. k. with words denoting confusion, disorder (omohi-kohi-midarete, disordered with grief or love),128.tokitsukaze, time, i.e. tidal winds; used withfuku, blow (Fukehi, name of a strand).tokorodzura, (tokoro), a sp. of Dioscorea (wild yam), a trailing plant; used on m. k. of words of seeking, seeking and not finding end of; (iya tokoshiku ni, more and more perpetually),tadzune-yuku, go on seeking,125.tokoyomono, a thing of the Eternal Land; applied totachibana, orange-bush, fruit brought by Tazhima-mori from Tokoyo, western land (China or Korea).tokozhimono, like one lying in bed-place; used with phraseuchi-koi-fushite, lying prostrate.tomoshihino, as a lit beacon; used withakashi, bright, illumed, in Akashi no Ohoto, great gate or passage, of Akashi (pl. n.).tonamiharu(tori no ami wo haru—spread fowler’s net); applied tosaka, hill-pass, part of pl. n. Sakate—birds being found in numbers in such places,134.tonogumori(tana gumori), spreading of clouds; used with pl. n. Amefuru River;— ame furu= rain-pour,153.toriganaku, cock-crowing; traditional m. k. of Adzuma, Eastland,24,43,124,258.torizhimono, like birds; used withtachi(rise up);nadzusahi, swim in water;uki, float.tsubasanasu, like the wings of a bird; used witharigayohitsutsu, going to and fro; according to Kogi refers to flying through the air of a man’s soul when he dies.tsuganokino, liketsuga, tree (abies tsuga); used, by sound-quibble withtsugitsugi(in succession),9,39,71.tsuginefu,tsugi-mine-fu, where serried peaks are abundant;, descriptive m. k. of Yamashiro. But thenemay refer to forest-trees,180.tsukanedomo, though-not-bind; used, by sound-quibble with Tsukunu (pl. n.).tsukikusano, liketsuki-blossom, of which the colour is easily transferred—hence used with words denoting change, impermanence, &c.tsumagomoru, spouse-secluding used withya, house (in composition), as Yakami (hill-name),hereyaprobably means eight, i.e. many gods; another meaning is, held within the (tsuma) edge of the hand asya, arrow, ancientlysa. Hence other uses of the m. k.tsunadehiku, where boats are hand-drawn by ropes attached; used withumi, sea, lake.tsunashitoru, wheretsunashi(herrings) are caught; descriptive m. k. of Himi (name of a creek).tsuneshiranu, not-known, strange; used with Hitokuni (hill-name),hito-kuni= another or foreign province or land.tsunusahafu(tsutasahafu), where ivy flourishes; used withiha(rock)—in composition, &c., by meaning or sound on Ihami, Ihare (pond-name),17,46.tsurugitachi, straight-bladed (Chinese or Korean) sword; m. k. ofmi(body, on which it is girded);na(thou, who wearest a sword);togishi(sharp, bright);kokoro(heart—free from fleck as a bright sword-blade);saya, scabbard, in a curious prefatial phrase applying by a quibble to Ikako (hill-name),23,29,105.tsutsuzhihana, azalea-like,48,175.tsuwetarazu, short of atsuwe(ten feet) in length, as Yasaka (hill-name),yasaka= eight feet, i.e. eight which is less than ten …,196.tsuyushimono, like dew and rime, thatlieon objects; hence m. k. ofoku, place, lay; that soon vanish, hence used with words of passing away, also withaki, autumn, when dew and rime are frequent,16,24,48,50,92.uchiaguru,uchi noboru, rise, raise, elevate, scarcely a m. k.; used with Saho no kahara, bed of Saho river, with reference, perhaps, toho= ear of corn, spike. Saho seems to be written alsomaho, the character forhomeaning sail, which would point to sails being known in the eighth century.udzuranaku, quail-cry; used withfuru, old, and compounds—signifying where now quail cry (i.e. deserted).udzuranasu, quail-like, withihahi motohori, wander around calling upon a dead lord with crouch and cry like quails,24.uchihisasu(uchihisatsu), sunny, sunshiny; used withmiya, palace, and its compounds,49,66,136,168.uchinabiku, bend, droop; withharu, spring (when young plants droop);kusa(herbs), as in Kusaka Hill;kurokami, jetty tresses, disordered hair of girl waiting for her lover,51,110.uchitawori, used with Tamu no yama (Tamu hill); the meaning would be ‘where the path or track winds down’;Tamuis contraction oftamotohoru, wander around, &c.,tais intensive prefix.uchiyosuru(— yesuru), come, be close to; sound-quibble with Suruga (province of).uguhisuno, the Japanese nightingale (Cettia cantans), used withharu, spring.ukanerafu(ukagahi-nerafu), track trail of; Tomi Hill—tomi= trail-tracker.ukikusano, floating plants or weeds; used withuki, float, drift.umakori, written quibble-wise forumaki ori, pretty-woven; used withaya ni tomoshiki, strangely rare, precious,aya ayashi, also written quibble-wise asaya, pattern, design,72.umanotsume, horse-hoof; withtsukuof Tsukushi (no saki), allusion to the pounding of the road by the hoofs of a horse.umasahafu(compareajisahafu) =umashi-ahafu, abundance of deliciousmillet, applied tomeas contraction ofmure, crowd, multitude. As to its use withyoru hiru(night and day), see under lay82.umasake(-wo-no), sweet or delicioussaké(rice-beer); applied to Miwa (pl. n.), becausemi wa=sakéoffered to a god;mi, seems to be contraction ofkami(sacred)saké, hence application of m. k. to Mimoro. Its use with Kamunabi is explained under7,206.umashimono, written strangely quibble-wise ‘horse-under,’ butmeaning delicious (umashi), or delightful thing, applied to a kind of orange-tree—abetachibana.umazhimono, like a horse or packhorse; used withnaka toritsuke(lead, as prisoner, by rope or halter), andtachite tsumadzuki, rise or start and stumble (as a packhorse would).umiwonasu, like spooled (hemp) yarn; used withnaga(long), in Nagara, Nagato (pl. nn.),77,142.umorekino, like buried log or fossil wood; applied to what is not manifest, toaraharumazhiki, or toshita, under, beneath, what is deep, hidden or unknown.unohanano, harebush blossom (Deutzia scabra); applied tosatsuki(5th month, when it blooms); touki, evil, by sound-quibble (u); tosaku, bloom.usurabino, like thin ice, sound-quibble withusuki, thin.utsusegahi, an empty acorn-shell; withminaki, fleshless, fruitless, selfless.utsusemino, probablyutsutsu mi, real living personality, written quibble-wiseutsu(hollow),semi, cicada, i.e. cast off moult of a cicada. Thus the reality of life is bracketed so to speak with its empty vanity. Used withinochi(life),hito(man),yo(world),mi(personality),18,26,28,50,191.utsusomino,251=utsusemino, q. v.utsusowo,utsusoyashi, hemp-fibre beaten soft for spinning; (yashi=yo shi, exclamatives), used withwomi(lord), as homophonous withwomi,wo-umi, spin (yarn).utsuyufuno, a difficult word; it may mean the hollow centre of a spool of Broussonetia fibre, a narrow confined space; orutsu-mayu-fu, the hollow of a wild silk-worm (yamamai) cocoon; or simply beaten or inner (uchi) pulp ofyufu(Broussonetia papyrifera), out of which a cloth was made. It is used withkomoru(seclude, confine); also withsemaki(narrow, scanty),125.wagainochi, my life; used withnaga(long) as though it were [may my life be] long—in the pl. n. Nagato no shima.wagasekowo, my spouse!waga seko wo!Nakose no yama, My spouse!Nakose yama!cross it not (na kose), i.e. return not, remain with me or return to me. So with Idekoseyama, also withaga matsu(whom I expect);kose=seko, reversed.wagatatami, my mat; used withhe, read as fold or thickness, of Mihe no kahara.wagimokoni, to my love; withafu, meet, and compounds asafuchi no hana(Melia japonica?),137,199.wagimokowo, my love! used with Izami (hill name),iza,mimu= I would fain see! withhayami hama kaze, which may be interpreted giving value for the double sense ofhayami(haya mi), I would fain see (her) as quickly as the wind bloweth; in the phrasewagimokowo Kikitsuga nu(moor of Kikitsuga) = prefatially, as if …kikitsugi… my love whose beauty fame telleth.wakahisaki(hisa-ki, long-life tree =matsu, pine-tree), young pine; by sound-quibble (partly) used inwaga hisa naraba, should I live long.wakakikono, like a young child; m. k. ofhahitamotohori(creep about).wakakomono, young rush; m. k. ofkari, reap; — Kariji no wonu—the little moor of Kariji,33.wakakusano, like young plants; tender, delicate—m. k. oftsuma(spouse); ofnihi tamakura, fresh, i.e. young, arm (of mistress), used as pillow; ofomohitsuki nishi kimi(my lord whom I love); ofwaka-kahe(while young); ofayuhi(ashi yuhi), leggings of young reeds for travellers,19,29,106.washinosumu, where the eagle dwells; m. k. of Tsukubane yama,113.wasuregahi, oblivion shell; m. k. ofwasure(forget)—it is said to be a kind of clam.watanosoko, sea-floor, sea-bottom; used withoki(deep sea),65,79.wimachitsuki(be-at-rest-wait-moon), the moon of the 18th day (of the lunar month); the 17th was calledtachi machi(be-up-wait-moon); and the 19thnemachi(sleep-wait-moon); the m. k. is used withakashi, in the pl. n. Akashi no to.Akashi= cause to open, or open, or become open and visible under light,44(tachi, refers to moonrise after full about 8.30 p.m.,wi, to moonrise next day about 9.50 p.m.,ne(after bedtime), to moonrise about 11 p.m.)wominaheshi, the Patrinia scabiosaefolia, Link (a Valerianaceous plant); this may have been used as a salad in ancient days. It is used withsaku(blow, bloom).woshitorino, like mandarin duck (Anas galericulata); used, by sound-quibble, withwoshiki aga mi, ha! (O miserable me!).wotomeraka, is it a maid? m. k. ofsode furu, sleeve-waving, in the pl. n. Sodefuru hill.wotomerani, with the maid—m. k. ofafu(meet) in Afusaka hill,137.wotomerawo, O the maid! seewotomeraka.yachihoko, eight or many spears,97.yahetatami, eightfold matting, thick matting. Seekomotatanu.yahotadewo, eight (many) spikedtade. Seemidzutade.yakitachino, forged sword; withto-kokoro(ready heart); withhe tsukafu(gird on warrior’s side).yakumosasu, pierce eight clouds, i.e. many clouds; an epithet of Idzumo—idzu= go forth.yakushihono, like fire under salt-pans; epithet ofkohi, love.yamabukino, like the Yamabuki blossom (Kerria japonica); m. k. ofnihoeru imo(my love, fragrant or blooming as the Kerria).yamagahano, mountain-stream; applied totagitsu, foam, swirl, roar.yamakirino, mountain-mist-like; m. k. ofibuseki(gloomy).yamanomayu, from amid the hills; m. k. of Idzumo in the phraseIdzumo no kora(the maid of Idzumo).Idzu= come forth from.yamanowino, like mountain-well; used withasaki, shallow (asaki kokoro).yamashitano, seeakiyama;akiyama no shitabi, fading to red of autumn woods—hence applied toake no soho fune, red-stained ship.yamasugeno, like wild or mountain sedge, Carex gaudichaudiana; used withmi(fruit) and various homophons.yamatadzuno, m. k. ofmukahe, opposite, face;yamatadzuis said to be a woodman’s axe carried always with the edge towards the bearer to avoid injury and offence. No other explanation has been offered. Except a vague reference to the homophonyamatadzu(Sambucus racemosa) which is opposite-leaved. The word might, however, in some cases be an error foryama tadzune.yamiyonasu, like a dark night; m. k. ofomohi-madohahi, disordered, distracted in thought (i.e. with love),123.yaminoyono, like a dark night; applied toyuku saki, the way in front (yuku saki shirazu, not knowing the way before one—one’s future course).yasakatori, eight-foot-bird; one drawing a long breath, soya saka(eight feet deep); used therefore withikitsuku, catch breath, gasp.Yasugahano, like the River Yasu; used, mainly by sound-quibble, withyasu i mo nezu, not to sleep well.yasumishishi, there are two explanations. One depends on the written formya sumi shishi, know (govern) eight corners, all corners, the whole empire; the other in the verbyasumu, to rest, oryasumi suru,yasundzuru, to make rest, pacify, debellare. The latter seems the most reasonable; but that does not make it the real explanation. It is always a m. k. ofwaga ohokimi, my great-lord, usually (but not invariably) used in reference to the Sovran.Yoshikigaha, the River Yoshiki, used withyoshi(good, excellent).yufudzutsuno(dzudzu), the evening star; m. k. ofyufube(evening); ofka yuki kaku yuki, hither, thither pass, with reference to the appearance of the planet (Venus) now as an evening, now as a morning star,26.yufuhanano, like blossom of Broussonetia; m. k. ofsakayuru, bloom, flourish,24.yufutatami, a cloth of Broussonetia, folded up to present to a god; m. k. oftamuke(offering), Tamuke no yama (hill-name); of Tanakami yama by sound-quibble reading fortatami tatana (haru), a variant oftatamaru.yukizhimono, like snow; applied toyuki kayohi, go and come; the m. k. is simply a sound-quibble.yukufuneno, passage of a ship; m. k. of the passing of time.yukukageno, in the phraseyukukage no tsuki mo he-yukeba, as the moon with its passing light follows its course. Motowori thinks the text is corrupt, and proposesaratama.yukukahano, like the flowing river; applied tosugi nishi hito(one who has passed beyond—passed away, died).yukumidzuno, running water; withsugi(pass on, beyond); withoto mo sayakeku(distinct as the sound of running water); withtayuru naku(without cease);todome-kane(not-delay),198.yukutorino, like birds taking flight; witharasofu(struggle, dispute, vie); withmurete samorahi(throng to render due service, crowd),24,184.yutanemaki, sow preparatory rice plants, a sound-quibble m. k. applied toyuyushiki, manly, heroic.
nihatadzumi, form pool; said of the flow of tears (nagaruru namida).
nihatsutori, forecourt-bird; the cock.
nihimurono, like new dwelling, it ought to benihimuro wo fumi-shidzumi, tread level the earth-floor or platform of a new dwelling, and the whole phrase applied by pivot-word (fumi-shidzumi), to Shidzu no ko, the girl Shidzu (Miss Gentle).
nihotorino, like grebe or water-fowl pairing together (like turtle-doves emblematic of spousal love);this m. k. used generally with words of affection,futari narabi(passing life together),nadzusahi(floating together), &c., also withkadzuki(dive),ashi nure(wet-foot),oki naga, foriki naga(long-breath—as after diving),48,61.
nikogusano, likeniko(?) flower; m. k. ofhanatsuma(woman finely dressed? Cf.hana yome= bride); also, by sound-quibble, ofnikoyaka.
nochiseyama, Nochise-hill, by sound-quibble used withnochi, after.
notogahano, Noto river, used as if,noto=nochi, cf. Nochiseyama.
nubatamano(there exists a good deal of learning on this word). It may be taken as = black berries of Pardanthus sinensis, and applicable to things black or dark—night, dream, moon, &c.,23,24,59,60,153,154,240.
nutsutorino, moor-bird; i.e.kingishi(kizhi), pheasant.
nuyetorino(nuyekotori), likenuye-bird, whose cry is like that of lamentation—perhaps a sort of owl; a m. k. ofuranage(lamentation); also ofkatakohi(solitary love—as when lovers parted); ofnodoyobi(throaty, hoarse-voiced).
ochitagitsu, the fall and roar of rapids, cascades, &c.; applications obvious,71.
ohobuneno, like great ship; applied to Katori no umi (pl. n.); tokaji-tori, steersman; other applications are obvious, one is totanomu, rely on, trust to (as a sailor to his tall ship),17,22,26,27,59,70.
ohokimino, great lord; applications obvious, e.g. to Mikasa yama (hill-name),47.
ohokuchino, great-jaws; used with Makami no hara, see153; allusion, perhaps, toôkami, wolf.
Ohotomono, used with Mitsu and Takashi (pl. n.); the reference is to the history of the Ohotomo clan. Cf. the Manyô lays on this clan.
ohotorino, great-bird, a name given to several large birds, swan, crane, fêng-bird, &c.; applications obvious.
ohowigusa, Scirpus lacustris, L. (Japanese variety); this seems to be used withyoso(elsewhere, anywhere), by sound-quibble as ifyoso, wereohoyoso(oyoso), everywhere, generally.
ohoyukino, great snow-storm; used withmidare, confusion.
okinisumu, mid-sea-dwelling; applications obvious.
okitsumono(oki tsu mo no), mid-sea sea-weed; used with Nabari no yama (hill-name),—nabaru=kakaruandnabiku, yield, bend.
okitsunami, deep-sea waves; applications are obvious when they occur, to wave-motion, wave-restlessness, wave-heaving, &c.,252.
okitsutori, mid-sea-birds; applications obvious.
okuyamano, inner mountains, that is away from coast, recesses of the hills; applications obvious.
oshiteru(—ya), probablyoshitateru, surging, toppling; applied to Naniha (nami-haya, swift waves). Some prefer to read the m. k. as sparkling, shining,48,77,79,259.261.
sabahenasu, buzz like flies insa(5th) month; used withsawaku, make a noise or commotion (as a crowd does),52,69.
Sadanourano, place-name; by sound-quibble applied tokonosada(wori)sugite, the time having passed.
sadzuhitono, like hunters or fishers (wild boar or whale, &c.)—used with Yutsuki (hill-name),yu=yumi, bow.
sagoromono, outer garment; used withwo, cord, with which it was fastened (sound-quibble in Wotsukubanero)—wois here a prefix, perhaps of praise, sort of diminutive.
sahidzuruyo; see kotosaheku.
sakatorino, birds (that fly) about the pass; used withasa koye, morning or early crossing of a pass,12.
sakidakeno, like split bamboo; used with phrasesogahi ni neshi, sleep like halves of split bamboo, back to back.
sakikusano(Habenaria radiata, Thun.); a three-stemmed plant, name of which is thus used, with reference to the middle stem, withnaka ni nemu, sleep between (as child between parents),70.
sakuhanano, blooming blossom; used withutsurofu, change, fade.
sakurabana, cherry-blossom; used withsakaye wotome, blooming maid.
sanakadzura(sanekadzura),160.
sanekadzura(seesana k—), Kadzura japonica, L.; a long-coiling creeper, hence used with phrases and words involving reference to time,nochi(after),ahamu(will meet),tayuru(cease),27,161.
sanekayano, seems =sanekadzura; (alsokayawith strong close roots); used with reference tomakoto nagoya= sane, true, real—yielding, soft.
sanidzurafu, truly red-like, ruddy; used withohokimi,kimi,imo,wotome,iro(colour, complexion),momichi(red of autumn),himo(cord, girdle),45,55,94.
sashinamino, be on level, in row with; used withtonari, neighbouring (buildings, houses, &c.),90.
sashinoboru, ascend up towards heaven; said of Hirume no mikoto.
sashisusumu, a difficult word, as written = stick out; read withkuru(kuri), chestnut with the spines on, by sound-quibble as m. k. ofKurusu(name of a moor).
sasudakeno, sprouting bamboo; bamboo shooting from the ground, a rapid process denoting vigour, &c.—hence used with words meaning lord, prince, &c. also with phraseha komorite(ha) = leaf-hidden,92,93.
sasuyanagi, planted willow; slip of planted willow quickly roots, hence m. k. used withne harusaid ofadzusa(white-wood, bow-wood), root-spread.
sawoshikano, like hart or buck; used with Iri (name of a moor),iriread asiru, be in, i.e. where deer are.
sayuribana, lily-flower; m. k. ofyuri, lily.
sazarenami, ripples; withiso, shore;shikiterepeatedly;yamu toki mo nashi, without ceasing;tachete mo wite mo, continually.
shidzutamaki, armlet of mean person; withkazu ni mo aranu(of no account),iyashiki, mean.
shihobuneno, ships in port with or waiting the tide; used withnarabu, arrange in row; withokareba kanashithe m. k. is obscure, probably the reference is to ships left in harbour as one spouse isleftwhen other away.
shikishimano, an epithet of Yamato as = Japan. A difficult m. k. It is sometimes written ‘spread-out islands’, sometimes ‘stone-work or fort-tract, or island’, the site of an ancient capital.
shikitaheno, spread outtahe, cloth made of mulberry-bark fibre; or spread-out and fine, used with words meaning dress, pillow, bed-place, dwelling, sleeve,17,26,29,30,49,58,70,82.
shimadzutafu, threading or coasting islands; m. k. offune, ship, boat.
Shimanonuno, Moor of Shima; used, by sound-quibble, withshibashiba(often),shibaandshimabeing related in sound.
shimatsutori, island birds (cormorants); used withukabu, swim, float.
shinaderu= shinatsu, steepwise as the rise of a hill; used withkata, as meaning hill-slope or shoulder (in compounds),106. Meaning obscure.
shinagatori, either tail (rump)-long bird, or breath-long bird;nihotori(grebe), used with Wina (pl. n.);wi= be with (here = pair, asnihotorido), also withaha, perhaps foruhaha, upper feathers—but this use is obscure,104.
shinahinebu, bend-nebu-tree; Albizzia Julibrissin?—used, by sound-quibble, witha ha shinubi yezu, I cannot conceal or endure.
shinazakaru,shina-saka-aru, havingsteep passes; applied to Koshi,214,252.
shinunomeno, shoot ofshinoorshinu(a small bamboo): used withshinubu, by sound-quibble.
shirakumono, white cloud; emblem of impermanence, hence used withsugu(pass); withtatsu(rise) in Tatsuta-hill (written withtatsu, dragon); also withtaye(cease, end),86,107.
shiramanago, white sand; with words denoting brilliance, clearness, &c.
shiramayumi, Euonymus Europoea, L.? the ‘yumi’ (bow) applies toharu(stretch);i(shoot);hiof Hida, as if ofhiku(draw).
shiranamino, white waves;to hama(shore);to ichishiroku(conspicuous? perhaps referring to beacons on hills);to omoshiru kimi, my lord whom I recognize clearly.
shiranuhino, of unknown fires; used with Tsukushi, where strange flames are supposed to have been seen by a Mikado. Probably they were watch-fires or beacons, but see lay61.
shiranukuni, ignorant, i.e. foreign land; used withyori koseji(Kosè road),yorikosebeing understood as involving a reference to bringing a foreign land under the beneficent rule of the Mikado.
shirasugeno, white (or shining) sedge; with Manu (name of a place famous for its sedges); also, sound-quibble,shiraretaru, known.
shiratamano, like white jewel, precious, lovely, &c.,120.
shiratohoru, a very difficult word, used with Wonihita (hill-name)—the suggestion has been made,shira to horu, where men dig out white (fine) grindstones!
shiratorino, white bird; used withsagi, stork (Sagisaka, pl. n.); with Tobayama (tobu= fly); also, obscurely, withma nu.
shiratsutsuzhi, white azalea; used, by sound-quibble, withshiranu(koto mochi), not-know.
shiratsuyuno, white dew; withke, vanish.
shirayukino, white snow; withichishiroku, conspicuous.
shirikusano, a plant (unknown); used, by sound-quibble, with the phrasehito mina shirinu aga; I whom all knew.
shirotaheno, whitetahe-cloth or white and dazzling; withkoromo(dress);sode(sleeve);tasuki(shoulder-bands);hire(wimple);himo(girdle or cord);obi(girdle),24andpassim, see28,31,48.
shishizhimono, like deer; withihahi-fushi, kneel invoking;hizawori-fushi, kneel; these uses refer to deer’s mode of kneeling;—withyumiya kakumite, surrounded (as prisoner) by archers as deer are when hunted; also withmidzukuhegomoru, water-immersed, referring to deer standing in pools for refreshment, &c. (comp. Lamb’s ‘Yon tall and elegant stag, | who paints a dancing shadow of his horns | in the water where he drinks).
shitabimono(shitamono no himo), string of a petticoat: used, by sound-quibble (partly with meaning), withshitayu kofuru, love devotedly.
shizhikushiro, written to signify ‘abundant armlets’ but more probably meaning ‘abundant sake’. The m. k. is used as a praise-epithet ofyomi, Hades,125.
sudzukaneno, like horse-bells; m. k. ofhayuma, swift horse, government messenger’s horse.
suganoneno, rush-root; epithet ofnaga(long); cf.omohimidare(thought- or love-disturbed);[ne] mokoro;tayuru(cease, end).
sugimurano, cryptomeria grove; by sound-quibble withsugi, pass, pass beyond.
Sukanoyama, Suka-hill; by sound-quibble applied tosukanaku, unloving or unloved (sugenaku).
soramitsu(a difficult word), written, sky-seen-station; the usual explanation of its application to Yamato is that it was Yamato that the God Nigihayabi made his goal when he descended from Heaven (see N. I. 111). More probably the m. k. means sky-shine, sky-bright, and should be applied toyama(hill), part of thename Yamato; or it may mean sky-seen, seen high against the sky,1,9,68,254,256.
tachibanano, like orange-tree; applied to Miyeri (pl. n.);— mi(fruit of orange), assimilated to Mi.
tachibanawo, the orange-tree; used withmori, watchman (to prevent theft of fruit), homophonous with Mori[be no sato], a village-name.
tachikomono,komois an Eastland form ofkamo, wild duck; used withtachi no sawaki, the din of rising wild duck as they leave the water with a whirr.
tachinoshiri, sword-point;tachi no shiri saya niIrinu, sword-point has entered scabbard (Irinu = moor of Iri, alsoirinu, has entered); withtama maku tawi(a field sown with rice-seed), the reference is to the jewelled (tama mahu), point of the scabbard.
tadawatari, cross simply, not in a boat but by wading (as when in a hurry); withkaha yuki-watari(cross stream); with Anashi (river-name),anashi=ana ashi= alas for one’s feet! or Oh one’s feet!
tadzuganaku, where the cranes scream; said of Nagoye (creek-name), andashihe, reedy place.
tahamidzura, name of atsura, creeping plant, it may =tamakadzura; used withhiku, draw, pull upon.
takahikaru, high-shine, as the sun in heaven; used with Hino miko, Hino mikado;hidenoting sun-descent,12,13,14,22,25,32,34,68.
takakurano, high-throned; used with Mikasa (hill-name), by reference tomi kasaSovran’s canopy.
takamikura, high-grand-throned; used withAma no hi tsugi, descent from Heaven’s sun,228.
takigikoru, cut faggots; used withkama, bill, homophonous with Kama (kura), hill-name.
takubusuma, a quilt or sleeping-dress made oftaku(white mulberry-bark cloth); hence applied toshira, white, in names and compounds.
takudzununo, a rope made of mulberry-fibre; used with words of whiteness and of length asshirahige(white hair); Shiraki (a Korean province);nagaki inochi, long life,49,262.
takuhireno, wimple orhiremade of mulberry cloth; used with Shirahama (white sands); Sagi [saka], Stork Pass;kake, put on.
takunahano, cord of mulberry-fibre; used withchihiro, a thousand fathoms [long],29.
tamadzusa, precious white-wood (Catalpa); used withtsukahi, messenger. Motowori thinks they carried a jewelled wand ofadzusaas a badge. Others saytamadzusawere exchanged between men and women, as a keepsake or souvenir in Michinoku, made of paper variously arranged to give different meanings; in Sanuki, a lover’s offering made of straw. It may have been a spray of Catalpa (or cherry?) to which a gift or writing was attached. Now it means simply a letter. Used withimo(my love), it is sometimes merely a praise-epithet (like a kind of Trichosanthes tamadzusa flower),27,45,59.
tamahayasu, jewel-like-brilliant; used withmuko, suitor, bridegroom.
tamahokono, a difficult word, jewelled-spear or precious spear; it is used withmi chi(road). Motowori saysmi chioriginally meant haft of a spear, and thus explained the use withmi chi, road. Another account makes it illustrative of the straightness of a good road. Dr. Aston sees in it a phallic sense. The m. k. is found also withsato, village (sato=mato=michi?),15,27,28,30,31, &c.
tamajihafu, blessing man’s spirit;jihafu=sachihafau= saiwai; used withkami, deity.
tamakadzura, false hair, a chaplet; used withkage(foromokage? face-form, features); withkake, put on,39,48.
tamakadzura, the Kadzura creeper; used withtayuru toki naku(never ending), andiya tohoku nagaku,further and longer in space or time,74.
tamakagiru, said to be error forkagirohi,146.
tamakatsuma,katsuma= lidded wicker-work receptacle or basket, pannier?; used withafu, meet, fit (as lid does body of basket); also withabeshi(afu), and Shimakuma (hill-name); latter use obscure,48.
tamakiharu, this may be =tamaki haku, draw on armlet, used withuchiforude(arm); or limit (kiha [ma]ru), length of life (tama=tamashii), so used withinochi, life,yo, period, age. The m. k. is variously written,3,64,69,70,136.
tamakushige, precious comb-box, toilet-box; used withake(open), with Mimuro (hill-name),mi= body of comb-box; Futagami (hill-name), the homophonfuta= lid; withashi(reed), as =asa[ke], shallow cavity.
tamakushino, like precious comb; (or rather, likegohei, offerings), used with many words.
tamakushiro, bead or pearl armlet; applied tote(arm), tomaki(wind round), as inmaki-neshi, sleep-entwining-arms,120.
tamamokaru, reap fine seaweed; chiefly a descriptive epithet.
tamamonasu, like fine seaweed (or riverweed); used withukabe(float),yorineshi(nestle close by in sleep),nabikineshi, clinging-sleeping,nabiku, bend, yield,13,16,17,23.
tamamoyoshi, when fine seaweed is plenteous; an epithet of the land of Sanuki,30.
tamanowono, precious thread, thread or yarn rolled up in a ball; used with words denoting length or shortness (time), or custom, or disorder;nagaki,tayu,midaru,ahida,tsugite,53,148,192,251.
tamatareno, like bead-lace hanging down; m. k. ofwochi(fall, descend);wosu(small bamboo-blind, for door or window),23.
tamatasuki, shoulder-bands or cords to hold the sleeve back, or, according to some, to help the hands and attached to wrists (alsotabatasuki);—m. k. ofkaku(throw on or over), andunebi(—una ne musubi, lie on, or round root of neck?),4,9,24,27,40,57.
tamotohori, walk, wander about; used with Yukimi (village-name),yuki= go.
tamukegusa, offerings to the gods; used withnusa tori okite, take and offer pieces of cloth (to a god).
tarachineno, like one who suckles; m. k. ofhaha(mother), connected withtaru, drop,chichi, milk,neroot = source,48,66.
tarachishino=tarachineno.
tatamikeme(tatamikomo?),keme, is Eastland forkomo, used with Murazhi (pl. n.),murazhiregarded as =muro shiki, spread within the dwelling, i.e. thekomo(rush), matting (tatami).
tatanadzuku(tatanaharinadzuku); fold up, be in foldings; applied toyama(hills), as many ridged or rising in successive ridges; toyaharaka, soft, as easily folded, so tonikihada, skin-surface of body, as soft and pliable,11,13,23.
tatanamete, written, shield-arranging; (as wall to shoot over), used withidzumi, as connected, once identical, in sound withidomu, to challenge (enemy).
tatanedomo, although-not-rise-start; used with phrase,Okina ni itari(arrive at Okina—oki, rise erect being included in meaning oftata(tatsu)). Perhapsokanedomowould be a better reading.
tatsukirino, like rising mist; used withsugu, pass away; withichishiroku, conspicuous, as the mists along marshy tracts are,39,222,251.
tatsunamino, like rising waves; used withshibashiba wabishi, my regrets as countless as the waves that rise and fall.
Tatsutayama, a hill-name; by sound-quibble applied to the phrasetachite mo wite mo.
tatsutorino, rising-birds (as in the morning by the hills);—applied tome(eye), regarded as contraction ofmure, flock (i.e. of the birds), inthe phraseme yu ka na wo miru(yu=ni), with my eyes do I not see you!
tawarahano, like child in hand; withne,naku, cry, to scream, weep,59.
tawayameno, like woman yielding, weak, &c.; withomohitawa-yamu, be weak, feeble, yielding in spirit, thought, intention.
terutsuki, shining moon; what one is never tired of (akanu) seeing.
tobusatate, a difficult word. Kogi explains it as =tomosatateortadzukitate, that is, ply a sort of woodman’s axe; this would explain the use of the m. k. in the phraseyama ni funaki-kiri, fell timber for ships in the hill forests.Tobusaaccording to (I.) means an offering of tree-tops by woodmen to the hill-gods.
tobutadzuno, flying crane; sound-quibble, m. k. oftadzutadzushi.
tobutorino, like a flying bird; used with Asuka (pl. n.), often writtentobushima. Another explanation is that Asuka =ashika[ru], light of foot = rapid, and birds are both rapid and light-footed,23,26,86.
tohotsuhito, people far away, as travellers; hence used withmatsu(wait, expect), as in Matsura (matsu no ura= pine-fringed bay);matsu no shita ji yu(from the road under the pine-trees); withkariji(there is a quibble withkari, wild geese, regarded as far travellers (on account of their migrations)),183.
tohotsukami, far-off, i.e. far above me—God = Most High Divine Majesty. A m. k. ofohokimi, great-lord—His Majesty,4.
tohotsukuni, far-off land; m. k. ofyomi, Hades.
tokikinuno, like dress unfastened; m. k. with words denoting confusion, disorder (omohi-kohi-midarete, disordered with grief or love),128.
tokitsukaze, time, i.e. tidal winds; used withfuku, blow (Fukehi, name of a strand).
tokorodzura, (tokoro), a sp. of Dioscorea (wild yam), a trailing plant; used on m. k. of words of seeking, seeking and not finding end of; (iya tokoshiku ni, more and more perpetually),tadzune-yuku, go on seeking,125.
tokoyomono, a thing of the Eternal Land; applied totachibana, orange-bush, fruit brought by Tazhima-mori from Tokoyo, western land (China or Korea).
tokozhimono, like one lying in bed-place; used with phraseuchi-koi-fushite, lying prostrate.
tomoshihino, as a lit beacon; used withakashi, bright, illumed, in Akashi no Ohoto, great gate or passage, of Akashi (pl. n.).
tonamiharu(tori no ami wo haru—spread fowler’s net); applied tosaka, hill-pass, part of pl. n. Sakate—birds being found in numbers in such places,134.
tonogumori(tana gumori), spreading of clouds; used with pl. n. Amefuru River;— ame furu= rain-pour,153.
toriganaku, cock-crowing; traditional m. k. of Adzuma, Eastland,24,43,124,258.
torizhimono, like birds; used withtachi(rise up);nadzusahi, swim in water;uki, float.
tsubasanasu, like the wings of a bird; used witharigayohitsutsu, going to and fro; according to Kogi refers to flying through the air of a man’s soul when he dies.
tsuganokino, liketsuga, tree (abies tsuga); used, by sound-quibble withtsugitsugi(in succession),9,39,71.
tsuginefu,tsugi-mine-fu, where serried peaks are abundant;, descriptive m. k. of Yamashiro. But thenemay refer to forest-trees,180.
tsukanedomo, though-not-bind; used, by sound-quibble with Tsukunu (pl. n.).
tsukikusano, liketsuki-blossom, of which the colour is easily transferred—hence used with words denoting change, impermanence, &c.
tsumagomoru, spouse-secluding used withya, house (in composition), as Yakami (hill-name),hereyaprobably means eight, i.e. many gods; another meaning is, held within the (tsuma) edge of the hand asya, arrow, ancientlysa. Hence other uses of the m. k.
tsunadehiku, where boats are hand-drawn by ropes attached; used withumi, sea, lake.
tsunashitoru, wheretsunashi(herrings) are caught; descriptive m. k. of Himi (name of a creek).
tsuneshiranu, not-known, strange; used with Hitokuni (hill-name),hito-kuni= another or foreign province or land.
tsunusahafu(tsutasahafu), where ivy flourishes; used withiha(rock)—in composition, &c., by meaning or sound on Ihami, Ihare (pond-name),17,46.
tsurugitachi, straight-bladed (Chinese or Korean) sword; m. k. ofmi(body, on which it is girded);na(thou, who wearest a sword);togishi(sharp, bright);kokoro(heart—free from fleck as a bright sword-blade);saya, scabbard, in a curious prefatial phrase applying by a quibble to Ikako (hill-name),23,29,105.
tsutsuzhihana, azalea-like,48,175.
tsuwetarazu, short of atsuwe(ten feet) in length, as Yasaka (hill-name),yasaka= eight feet, i.e. eight which is less than ten …,196.
tsuyushimono, like dew and rime, thatlieon objects; hence m. k. ofoku, place, lay; that soon vanish, hence used with words of passing away, also withaki, autumn, when dew and rime are frequent,16,24,48,50,92.
uchiaguru,uchi noboru, rise, raise, elevate, scarcely a m. k.; used with Saho no kahara, bed of Saho river, with reference, perhaps, toho= ear of corn, spike. Saho seems to be written alsomaho, the character forhomeaning sail, which would point to sails being known in the eighth century.
udzuranaku, quail-cry; used withfuru, old, and compounds—signifying where now quail cry (i.e. deserted).
udzuranasu, quail-like, withihahi motohori, wander around calling upon a dead lord with crouch and cry like quails,24.
uchihisasu(uchihisatsu), sunny, sunshiny; used withmiya, palace, and its compounds,49,66,136,168.
uchinabiku, bend, droop; withharu, spring (when young plants droop);kusa(herbs), as in Kusaka Hill;kurokami, jetty tresses, disordered hair of girl waiting for her lover,51,110.
uchitawori, used with Tamu no yama (Tamu hill); the meaning would be ‘where the path or track winds down’;Tamuis contraction oftamotohoru, wander around, &c.,tais intensive prefix.
uchiyosuru(— yesuru), come, be close to; sound-quibble with Suruga (province of).
uguhisuno, the Japanese nightingale (Cettia cantans), used withharu, spring.
ukanerafu(ukagahi-nerafu), track trail of; Tomi Hill—tomi= trail-tracker.
ukikusano, floating plants or weeds; used withuki, float, drift.
umakori, written quibble-wise forumaki ori, pretty-woven; used withaya ni tomoshiki, strangely rare, precious,aya ayashi, also written quibble-wise asaya, pattern, design,72.
umanotsume, horse-hoof; withtsukuof Tsukushi (no saki), allusion to the pounding of the road by the hoofs of a horse.
umasahafu(compareajisahafu) =umashi-ahafu, abundance of deliciousmillet, applied tomeas contraction ofmure, crowd, multitude. As to its use withyoru hiru(night and day), see under lay82.
umasake(-wo-no), sweet or delicioussaké(rice-beer); applied to Miwa (pl. n.), becausemi wa=sakéoffered to a god;mi, seems to be contraction ofkami(sacred)saké, hence application of m. k. to Mimoro. Its use with Kamunabi is explained under7,206.
umashimono, written strangely quibble-wise ‘horse-under,’ butmeaning delicious (umashi), or delightful thing, applied to a kind of orange-tree—abetachibana.
umazhimono, like a horse or packhorse; used withnaka toritsuke(lead, as prisoner, by rope or halter), andtachite tsumadzuki, rise or start and stumble (as a packhorse would).
umiwonasu, like spooled (hemp) yarn; used withnaga(long), in Nagara, Nagato (pl. nn.),77,142.
umorekino, like buried log or fossil wood; applied to what is not manifest, toaraharumazhiki, or toshita, under, beneath, what is deep, hidden or unknown.
unohanano, harebush blossom (Deutzia scabra); applied tosatsuki(5th month, when it blooms); touki, evil, by sound-quibble (u); tosaku, bloom.
usurabino, like thin ice, sound-quibble withusuki, thin.
utsusegahi, an empty acorn-shell; withminaki, fleshless, fruitless, selfless.
utsusemino, probablyutsutsu mi, real living personality, written quibble-wiseutsu(hollow),semi, cicada, i.e. cast off moult of a cicada. Thus the reality of life is bracketed so to speak with its empty vanity. Used withinochi(life),hito(man),yo(world),mi(personality),18,26,28,50,191.
utsusomino,251=utsusemino, q. v.
utsusowo,utsusoyashi, hemp-fibre beaten soft for spinning; (yashi=yo shi, exclamatives), used withwomi(lord), as homophonous withwomi,wo-umi, spin (yarn).
utsuyufuno, a difficult word; it may mean the hollow centre of a spool of Broussonetia fibre, a narrow confined space; orutsu-mayu-fu, the hollow of a wild silk-worm (yamamai) cocoon; or simply beaten or inner (uchi) pulp ofyufu(Broussonetia papyrifera), out of which a cloth was made. It is used withkomoru(seclude, confine); also withsemaki(narrow, scanty),125.
wagainochi, my life; used withnaga(long) as though it were [may my life be] long—in the pl. n. Nagato no shima.
wagasekowo, my spouse!waga seko wo!Nakose no yama, My spouse!Nakose yama!cross it not (na kose), i.e. return not, remain with me or return to me. So with Idekoseyama, also withaga matsu(whom I expect);kose=seko, reversed.
wagatatami, my mat; used withhe, read as fold or thickness, of Mihe no kahara.
wagimokoni, to my love; withafu, meet, and compounds asafuchi no hana(Melia japonica?),137,199.
wagimokowo, my love! used with Izami (hill name),iza,mimu= I would fain see! withhayami hama kaze, which may be interpreted giving value for the double sense ofhayami(haya mi), I would fain see (her) as quickly as the wind bloweth; in the phrasewagimokowo Kikitsuga nu(moor of Kikitsuga) = prefatially, as if …kikitsugi… my love whose beauty fame telleth.
wakahisaki(hisa-ki, long-life tree =matsu, pine-tree), young pine; by sound-quibble (partly) used inwaga hisa naraba, should I live long.
wakakikono, like a young child; m. k. ofhahitamotohori(creep about).
wakakomono, young rush; m. k. ofkari, reap; — Kariji no wonu—the little moor of Kariji,33.
wakakusano, like young plants; tender, delicate—m. k. oftsuma(spouse); ofnihi tamakura, fresh, i.e. young, arm (of mistress), used as pillow; ofomohitsuki nishi kimi(my lord whom I love); ofwaka-kahe(while young); ofayuhi(ashi yuhi), leggings of young reeds for travellers,19,29,106.
washinosumu, where the eagle dwells; m. k. of Tsukubane yama,113.
wasuregahi, oblivion shell; m. k. ofwasure(forget)—it is said to be a kind of clam.
watanosoko, sea-floor, sea-bottom; used withoki(deep sea),65,79.
wimachitsuki(be-at-rest-wait-moon), the moon of the 18th day (of the lunar month); the 17th was calledtachi machi(be-up-wait-moon); and the 19thnemachi(sleep-wait-moon); the m. k. is used withakashi, in the pl. n. Akashi no to.Akashi= cause to open, or open, or become open and visible under light,44(tachi, refers to moonrise after full about 8.30 p.m.,wi, to moonrise next day about 9.50 p.m.,ne(after bedtime), to moonrise about 11 p.m.)
wominaheshi, the Patrinia scabiosaefolia, Link (a Valerianaceous plant); this may have been used as a salad in ancient days. It is used withsaku(blow, bloom).
woshitorino, like mandarin duck (Anas galericulata); used, by sound-quibble, withwoshiki aga mi, ha! (O miserable me!).
wotomeraka, is it a maid? m. k. ofsode furu, sleeve-waving, in the pl. n. Sodefuru hill.
wotomerani, with the maid—m. k. ofafu(meet) in Afusaka hill,137.
wotomerawo, O the maid! seewotomeraka.
yachihoko, eight or many spears,97.
yahetatami, eightfold matting, thick matting. Seekomotatanu.
yahotadewo, eight (many) spikedtade. Seemidzutade.
yakitachino, forged sword; withto-kokoro(ready heart); withhe tsukafu(gird on warrior’s side).
yakumosasu, pierce eight clouds, i.e. many clouds; an epithet of Idzumo—idzu= go forth.
yakushihono, like fire under salt-pans; epithet ofkohi, love.
yamabukino, like the Yamabuki blossom (Kerria japonica); m. k. ofnihoeru imo(my love, fragrant or blooming as the Kerria).
yamagahano, mountain-stream; applied totagitsu, foam, swirl, roar.
yamakirino, mountain-mist-like; m. k. ofibuseki(gloomy).
yamanomayu, from amid the hills; m. k. of Idzumo in the phraseIdzumo no kora(the maid of Idzumo).Idzu= come forth from.
yamanowino, like mountain-well; used withasaki, shallow (asaki kokoro).
yamashitano, seeakiyama;akiyama no shitabi, fading to red of autumn woods—hence applied toake no soho fune, red-stained ship.
yamasugeno, like wild or mountain sedge, Carex gaudichaudiana; used withmi(fruit) and various homophons.
yamatadzuno, m. k. ofmukahe, opposite, face;yamatadzuis said to be a woodman’s axe carried always with the edge towards the bearer to avoid injury and offence. No other explanation has been offered. Except a vague reference to the homophonyamatadzu(Sambucus racemosa) which is opposite-leaved. The word might, however, in some cases be an error foryama tadzune.
yamiyonasu, like a dark night; m. k. ofomohi-madohahi, disordered, distracted in thought (i.e. with love),123.
yaminoyono, like a dark night; applied toyuku saki, the way in front (yuku saki shirazu, not knowing the way before one—one’s future course).
yasakatori, eight-foot-bird; one drawing a long breath, soya saka(eight feet deep); used therefore withikitsuku, catch breath, gasp.
Yasugahano, like the River Yasu; used, mainly by sound-quibble, withyasu i mo nezu, not to sleep well.
yasumishishi, there are two explanations. One depends on the written formya sumi shishi, know (govern) eight corners, all corners, the whole empire; the other in the verbyasumu, to rest, oryasumi suru,yasundzuru, to make rest, pacify, debellare. The latter seems the most reasonable; but that does not make it the real explanation. It is always a m. k. ofwaga ohokimi, my great-lord, usually (but not invariably) used in reference to the Sovran.
Yoshikigaha, the River Yoshiki, used withyoshi(good, excellent).
yufudzutsuno(dzudzu), the evening star; m. k. ofyufube(evening); ofka yuki kaku yuki, hither, thither pass, with reference to the appearance of the planet (Venus) now as an evening, now as a morning star,26.
yufuhanano, like blossom of Broussonetia; m. k. ofsakayuru, bloom, flourish,24.
yufutatami, a cloth of Broussonetia, folded up to present to a god; m. k. oftamuke(offering), Tamuke no yama (hill-name); of Tanakami yama by sound-quibble reading fortatami tatana (haru), a variant oftatamaru.
yukizhimono, like snow; applied toyuki kayohi, go and come; the m. k. is simply a sound-quibble.
yukufuneno, passage of a ship; m. k. of the passing of time.
yukukageno, in the phraseyukukage no tsuki mo he-yukeba, as the moon with its passing light follows its course. Motowori thinks the text is corrupt, and proposesaratama.
yukukahano, like the flowing river; applied tosugi nishi hito(one who has passed beyond—passed away, died).
yukumidzuno, running water; withsugi(pass on, beyond); withoto mo sayakeku(distinct as the sound of running water); withtayuru naku(without cease);todome-kane(not-delay),198.
yukutorino, like birds taking flight; witharasofu(struggle, dispute, vie); withmurete samorahi(throng to render due service, crowd),24,184.
yutanemaki, sow preparatory rice plants, a sound-quibble m. k. applied toyuyushiki, manly, heroic.