Note.—There seems to be no form of water pipe so perfect as to make it fit for use in any and all cases and open to no improvement, but, in the present state of knowledge, tarred cast iron seems to come the nearest to this desideratum.
Note.—There seems to be no form of water pipe so perfect as to make it fit for use in any and all cases and open to no improvement, but, in the present state of knowledge, tarred cast iron seems to come the nearest to this desideratum.
TABLE SHOWING FRICTIONAL HEADS AT GIVEN RATES OF DISCHARGE IN CLEAN CAST IRON PIPES FOR EACH 1000 FEET OF LENGTH,condensed from elaborate tables prepared by Messrs. Geo. A. Ellis and A. H. Howland, Civil Engineers, Boston, Mass.
U. S.gallonsdischargedper minute.U. S. gallonsdischargedpertwenty-fourhours.16-Inch Pipe.18-Inch Pipe.VelocityinFeet.FrictionHead.VelocityinFeet.FrictionHead.Feet.Pounds.Feet.Pounds.500720000.80.22.09.63.13.06100014400001.60.76.341.26.44.19150021600002.391.63.711.89.93.40200028800003.192.821.222.521.60.69250036000003.994.341.883.152.451.06300043200004.796.192.683.783.481.51350050400005.598.373.634.414.702.03400057600006.3810.874.715.046.092.64450064800007.1813.705.935.677.673.32500072000007.9816.857.306.309.434.08550079200008.7820.338.716.9311.384.9260008640000. . .. . .. . .7.5713.495.84U. S.gallonsdischargedper minute.U. S. gallonsdischargedpertwenty-fourhours.20-Inch Pipe.24-Inch Pipe.VelocityinFeet.FrictionHead.VelocityinFeet.FrictionHead.Feet.Pounds.Feet.Pounds.500720000.51.08.04.35.04.02100014400001.02.27.12.71.12.05150021600001.53.56.241.06.24.10200028800002.04.96.421.42.41.18250036000002.551.47.641.77.62.27300043200003.062.09.902.13.87.38350050400003.572.811.222.481.16.50400057600004.083.641.582.841.50.65450064800004.594.581.983.191.88.82500072000005.115.622.433.552.311.00550079200005.626.772.933.902.771.20600086400006.138.033.484.263.281.427000100800007.1510.864.714.964.431.92800011520000. . .. . .. . .5.675.752.49900012960000. . .. . .. . .6.387.253.14U. S.gallonsdischargedper minute.U. S. gallonsdischargedpertwenty-fourhours.30-Inch Pipe.36-Inch Pipe.VelocityinFeet.FrictionHead.VelocityinFeet.FrictionHead.Feet.Pounds.Feet.Pounds.500720000.23.01.00.16.01.0010001440000.45.04.02.32.02.0115002160000.68.09.04.47.04.0220002880000.91.15.06.63.06.03250036000001.13.22.09.79.09.04300043200001.36.30.13.95.13.06350050400001.59.40.171.10.17.07400057600001.82.52.221.26.22.09450064800002.04.64.281.42.27.12500072000002.27.78.341.58.33.14550079200002.50.94.411.73.39.17600086400002.721.11.481.89.46.207000100800003.181.49.652.21.62.278000115200003.631.93.842.52.80.359000129600004.082.431.052.841.00.4310000144000004.542.981.293.151.23.5311000158400005.003.591.553.461.47.6412000172800005.444.251.843.781.74.7513000187200005.904.972.154.092.03.8814000201600006.365.752.494.412.351.0215000216000006.806.582.854.732.691.171600023040000. . .. . .. . .5.053.461.321700024480000. . .. . .. . .5.363.431.491800025920000. . .. . .. . .5.683.831.662000028800000. . . .. . . .. . . .6.304.712.04
Note.—A pressure of one lb. per sq. in. is exerted by a column of water 2.3093 feet or 27.71 inches high at 62° F.; and a pressure of one atmosphere, or 14.7 lbs. per sq. in. is exerted by a column of water 33.947 feet high, or 10.347 meters at 62° F.
Note.—A pressure of one lb. per sq. in. is exerted by a column of water 2.3093 feet or 27.71 inches high at 62° F.; and a pressure of one atmosphere, or 14.7 lbs. per sq. in. is exerted by a column of water 33.947 feet high, or 10.347 meters at 62° F.
Table.
The pressure of water in pounds per square inch for every ft. in height to 300 feet and then by intervals to 1,000 feet head. By this table, from the pounds pressure per square inch, the feet head is readily obtained andvice versa.
Feet Head.Pressure per sq. in.10.4320.8631.3041.7352.1662.5973.0383.4693.89104.33114.76125.20135.63146.06156.49166.93177.36187.79198.22208.66219.09229.53239.962410.392510.822611.262711.692812.122912.553012.993113.423213.863314.293414.723515.163615.593716.023816.453916.894017.324117.754218.194318.624419.054519.494619.924720.354820.794921.225021.655122.095222.525322.955423.395523.825624.265724.695825.125925.556025.996126.426226.856327.296427.726528.156628.586729.026829.456929.887030.327130.757231.187331.627432.057532.487632.927733.357833.787934.218034.658135.088235.528335.958436.398536.828637.258737.688838.128938.539038.989139.429239.859340.289440.729541.159641.589742.019842.459942.8810043.3110143.7510244.1810344.6110445.0510545.4810645.9110746.3410846.7810947.2111047.6411148.0811248.5111348.9411449.3811549.8111650.2411750.6811851.1111951.5412051.9812152.4112252.8412353.2812453.7112554.1512654.5812755.0112855.4412955.8813056.3113156.7413257.1813357.6113458.0413558.4813658.9113759.3413859.7713960.2114060.6414161.0714261.5114361.9414462.3714562.8114663.2414763.6714864.1014964.5415064.9715165.4015265.8415366.2715466.7015567.1415667.5715768.0015868.4315968.8716069.3116169.7416270.1716370.6116471.0416571.4716671.9116772.3416872.7716973.2917073.6417174.0717274.5017374.9417475.3717575.8017676.2317776.6717877.1017977.5318077.9718178.4018278.8418379.2718479.7018580.1418680.5718781.0018881.4318981.8719082.3019182.7319283.1719383.6019484.0319584.4719684.9019785.3319885.7619986.2020086.6320187.0720287.5020387.9320488.3620588.8020689.2120789.6620890.1020990.5321090.9621191.3921291.8321392.2621492.6921593.1321693.5621793.9921894.4321994.8622095.3022195.7322296.1622396.6022497.0322597.4622697.9022798.3322898.7622999.2023099.63231100.00232100.49233100.93234101.36235101.79236102.23237102.66238103.09239103.53240103.96241104.39242104.83243105.26244105.69245106.13246106.56247106.99248107.43249107.86250108.29251108.73252109.15253109.59254110.03255110.46256110.89257111.32258111.76259112.19260112.62261113.03262113.49263113.92264114.36265114.79266115.22267115.66268116.09269116.52270116.96271117.39272117.82273118.26274118.69275119.12276119.56277119.99278120.42279120.85280121.29281121.73282122.15283122.59284123.02285123.45286123.89287124.32288124.75289125.18290125.62291126.05292126.48293126.92294127.35295127.78296128.22297128.65298129.08299129.51300129.95310134.28320138.62330142.95340147.28350151.61360155.94370160.27380164.61390168.94400173.27500216.58600259.90700303.22800346.54900389.861000433.18
TABLE OF FRICTION HEADS IN FEET IN SMALL PIPES 100 FEET LONG UNDER GIVEN DISCHARGE.