Introductory Note.This discourse was given in St. Mary's, Oscott, on the restoration of the Catholic hierarchy to England. It furnishes an excellent specimen of the simplicity and grace of Newman's style. The climax is reached in the glory of the last pages.
229: 17.Alternate Seraphim.The angelic choirs whom St. John in vision heard crying, "Holy, Holy, Holy, Lord God Almighty." Apocalypse iv. 8.
231: 24.How beautiful....A strong presentation of the weakness of human nature left to itself. "Without me you can do nothing," says Christ. John xv. 5.
233: 12.Roman conqueror.Scipio Africanus, victor of the Carthaginians in the Third Punic War.
235: 22.The English Church.The Catholic Church in England was virtually destroyed by Henry VIII,restored by Mary I, and officially re-destroyed by Elizabeth, who attempted, through Matthew Parker, to create new orders. The Second Spring is the resuscitation of the Church in England, 1850.
237: 11.Cumber the ground."Why doth it (the barren fig tree) cumber the ground?" Newman's writings, like St. Augustine's, are saturated with Scripture.
240: 23. (a)St. Augustine.(b)St. Thomas.(a) Called St. Austin, sent by Gregory the Great to convert the Anglo-Saxons, 597A.D.(b) Martyred at Canterbury by the nobles of Henry II because of his fearless defense of the rights of the Church. The Pilgrims in Chaucer'sCanterbury Talesare on their way to the shrine of St. Thomas á Becket.
241: 10.Arian Goths and Lombards.Barbarians that successively conquered and occupied Italy; from the fifth to the eighth century their power was felt. They embraced the heresy of Arius instead of true Christianity.
242: 29.That building.Cathedral of Westminster, built in Gothic style.
243: 11.Prince of the Church.Cardinal Archbishop Wiseman, clad in purple as bishop; in red, as cardinal. In his person the hierarchy was restored to England.
243: 16.St. Benedict.Founder of monasticism in the West. Europe owes much of its progress in early centuries to the zeal and intelligence of the Benedictine monks,—builders of churches and schools, makers of laws, tillers of lands.
244: 15.The shepherds.They who heard from angelsthe tidings of Christ's birth in Bethlehem.
244: 22.Arise, Jerusalem....Quotations fromIsaiasand theCanticle of Canticles.
245: 6.Thy visitation.Allusion to Mary's going over the hill country to visit her cousin Elisabeth. Atthe presence of Mary, the unborn child of Elisabeth, John the Baptist, leaped for joy and was sanctified by the grace of Christ.
247: 1.Regular and secular priests.The first are those bound by vows to observe a religious rule, as the Dominicans; the second are those under obedience to their bishop, and bound only by the vow of celibacy.
247: 18.Thy first Martyr.St. Stephen, whose death won the conversion of St. Paul. Note the beauty of the apostrophe.
248: 20.Orphans."I will not leave you orphans." John xiv. 18.
249: 15.You ... victim.Reference to the august Sacrifice of the Mass.
249: 31.A great Pontiff.Gregory XIII, 1572-1585, established colleges for the spread of the Faith; his work was continued by Gregory XV in the Propaganda; but it was left for Pope Urban VIII to create the great missionary colleges for the six nations.
250: 13.St. Francis.Xavier, the illustrious Jesuit, who converted millions to Christ in India and Japan; he died on his way to China, in the latter part of the sixteenth century.
251: 1.St. Philip.1515-1595. An Italian saint, contemporaneous with St. Ignatius of Loyola, who established the Society of Jesus. St. Philip Neri founded the Oratorians, a body devoted to preaching and to education.
The Second Spring.This sermon is very characteristic of Newman in its appeal to thewhole manlistening; he not only rivets the intelligence, but stirs the will and moves the heart by the intensity, theVigor, and the tenderness that breathe in every word.
Introductory Note.This discourse on St. Paul, delivered in Dublin, 1857, forms one of theSermons on Various Occasions. Paul—that godlike man who longed to be anathema from Christ if thereby he could serve the brethren—was Newman's saint by predilection; and allusions to his character and mission are frequent in the Cardinal's writings.
As these selections for study began with Saul, they may well finish with a sketch of the greater Saul—the Apostle of the Gentiles.
251: 17.Theological virtues.Faith, hope, and charity; so-called because God is their direct object and motive.
252: 19.Heavenly Bread.The Holy Eucharist. "I am the living bread which came down from heaven." St. John vi. 51. "And the bread that I will give is my flesh for the life of the world." St. John vi. 52.
254: 9.Conversion of St. Paul.Commemorated January 25.
256: 12.Heathen poet.Terence. There is much philanthropy in these latter times,—even to altruism,—but less of charity, which loves the neighbor for God's sake.
257: 5.St. Philip Neri.Lived in the sixteenth century. Founder of the Oratorians, a congregation devoted to preaching and works of charity. Newman introduced the Oratorians into England.
259: 28.Lycaonians.People of south central part of Asia Minor; evangelized by St. Paul.
262: 26.Stephen.The first Christian martyr; stoned to death by the Jews, outside the walls of Jerusalem.
263: 6. (a)Josias.(b)Mathathias.(c)Machabeus.(a) King of Juda, seventh centuryB.C.A great warrior and defender of the Jewish religion. (b) "Gift of God." Lived in the second centuryB.C.and fought bravely in defense of Juda during the bloody persecutions of Antiochus. He appointed Judas Machabeus, the most famous of his five sons, to succeed him in the struggle, (c) "The Hammer." Judas gained glorious victories over the Idumeans, Ammonites, and other heathen tribes, and the Bible immortalizes his character as that of one of the greatest of the sons of Juda. "He made Jacob glad with his works and his memory is blessed forever."
The books of the Machabees are the history of the final struggles of the Jews against their Syrian and Persian foes.
265: 2.Ecumenical Doctor.A teacher of the universal Church.
265: 31.And now my time is out.This conclusion exhibits once more the felicity of diction, the delicate rhythm of structure, the simple grace, the direct force—above all, the unconsciousness, almost disdain of producing literary effect, that everywhere characterize Newman's writings, whatever be the subject.
267: 4.Reverend Prelate.Paul Cardinal Cullen, primate of Ireland in 1850.
Transcriber's Note.There were a few minor printers' errors which have been amended. For example, ascendency is now ascendancy, rebrobate is now reprobate and offically is now officially.In the original book the line numbers ran from 1 to 30 on each page. In the Notes, the first figure represents the page number and the second number represents the line number. For example, in the third note:13: 7.Manna.Miraculous food supplied to the Jews, wandering in the desert of Sin, after their exodus from Egypt. The taste of manna was that of flour mixed with honey.the 13 refers to the page number and the 7 refers to the line number on that page.Links to the end notes have been made to the nearest line number, for the convenience of the reader.
There were a few minor printers' errors which have been amended. For example, ascendency is now ascendancy, rebrobate is now reprobate and offically is now officially.
In the original book the line numbers ran from 1 to 30 on each page. In the Notes, the first figure represents the page number and the second number represents the line number. For example, in the third note:
13: 7.Manna.Miraculous food supplied to the Jews, wandering in the desert of Sin, after their exodus from Egypt. The taste of manna was that of flour mixed with honey.
13: 7.Manna.Miraculous food supplied to the Jews, wandering in the desert of Sin, after their exodus from Egypt. The taste of manna was that of flour mixed with honey.
the 13 refers to the page number and the 7 refers to the line number on that page.
Links to the end notes have been made to the nearest line number, for the convenience of the reader.