Chapter 23

Aaron,200,211.Abnormal mental conditions,13,398.Accident, in tragedy,7,14-16,26,28;inHamlet,143,173;inOthello,181-2;inKing Lear,253,325.Act, difficulty in Fourth,57-8;the five Acts,49.Action, tragic,11,12,31;and character,12,19;a conflict,16-19.Adversity and prosperity inKing Lear,326-7.Albany,297-8.Antonio,110,404.Antony and Cleopatra,3,7,45,80;conflict,17-8;crisis,53,55,66;humour in catastrophe,62,395-6;battle-scenes,62-3;extended catastrophe,64;faulty construction,71,260;passion in,82;evil in,83-4;versification,87,Note BB.Antony,22,29,63,83-4.Arden of Feversham,9.Ariel,264.Aristotle,16,22.Art, Shakespeare's, conscious,68-9;defects in,71-78.Arthur,294.As You Like It,71,267,390.Atmosphere in tragedy,333.Banquo,343,379-86.Barbara, the maid,175.Battle-scene,62,451,469;inKing Lear,255,Note X.Beast and man, inKing Lear,266-8;inTimon,453.Bernhardt, Mme.,379.Biblical ideas, inKing Lear,328.Bombast,73,75-6,389,Note F.Brandes, G.,379,393.Brutus,7,14,22,27,32,81-2,101,364.Caliban,264.Cassio,211-3,238-9,433-4.Catastrophe, humour before,61-2;battle-scenes in,62;false hope before,63;extended,62;inAntonyandCoriolanus,83-4.SeeHamlet, etc.Character, and plot,12;is destiny,13;tragic,19-23.Chaucer,8,346.Children, in the plays,293-5.Cleopatra,7,20,84,178,208.Coleridge,104-5,107,109,127,165,200,201,209,223,226,228,249,343,353,362,389,391,392,397,412,413.Comedy,15,41.Conflict, tragic,16-9;originates in evil,34;oscillating movement in,50;crisis in,51-5;descending movement of,55-62.Conscience. SeeHamlet.Cordelia,29,32,203-6,250,290,314,315-26,Note W.Coriolanus,3,9,43,394-5;crisis,53;hero off stage,57;counter-stroke,58;humour,61;passion,82;catastrophe,83-4;versification,Note BB.Coriolanus,20,29,83-4,196.Cornwall,298-9.Crisis. SeeConflict.Curtain, no front, in Shakespeare's theatre,185,458.Cymbeline,7,21,72,80,Note BB;Queen in,300.Desdemona,32,165,179,193,197,201-6,323,433,437-9.Disillusionment, in tragedies,175.Dog, the, Shakespeare and,268.Don John,110,210.Double action inKing Lear,255-6,262.Dowden, E.,82,105,330,408.Dragging,57-8,64.Drunkenness, invective against,238.Edgar,305-7,453,465.Edmund,210,245,253,300-3, NotesP,Q.SeeIago.Emilia,214-6,237,239-42,Note P.Emotional tension, variations of,48-9.Evil, origin of conflict,34;negative,35;in earlier and later tragedies,82-3;poetic portrayal of,207-8;aspects of, specially impressive to Shakespeare,232-3;inKing Lear,298,303-4,327;inTempest,328-30;inMacbeth,331,386.Exposition,41-7.Fate, Fatality,10,26-30,45,59,177,181,287,340-6.Fleay, F.G.,419,424,445,467,479.Fool inKing Lear, the,258,311-5,322,447,Note V.Fools, Shakespeare's,310.Forman, Dr.,468,493.Fortinbras,90.Fortune,9,10.Freytag, G.,40,63.Furness, H.H.,199,200.Garnet and equivocation,397,470-1.Ghost, Banquo's,332,335,338,361,Note FF.Ghost, Caesar's,Note FF.Ghost inHamlet,97,100,118,120,125,126,134,136,138-40,173-4.Ghosts, not hallucinations because appearing only to one in a company,140.Gloster,272,293-6,447.Gnomic speeches,74,453.Goethe,101,127,165,208.Goneril,245,299-300,331,370,447-8.Greek tragedy,7,16,30,33,182,276-9,282.Greene,409.Hales, J.W.,397.Hamlet, exposition,43-7;conflict,17,47,50-1;crisis and counter-stroke,52,58-60,136-7;dragging,57;humour, and false hope, before catastrophe,61,63;obscurities,73;undramatic passages,72,74;place among tragedies,80-8;position of hero,89-92;not simply tragedy of thought,82,113,127;in the Romantic Revival,92,127-8;lapse of time in,129,141;accident,15,143,173;religious ideas,144-5,147-8,172-4;player's speech,389-90,Note F;grave-digger,395-6;last scene,256.See NotesAtoH, andBB.Hamlet, only tragic character in play,90;contrasted with Laertes and Fortinbras,90,106;failure of early criticism of,91;supposed unintelligible,93-4;external view,94-7;'conscience' view,97-101;sentimental view,101-4;Schlegel-Coleridge view,104-8,116,123,126-7;temperament,109-10;moral idealism,110-3;reflective genius,113-5;connection of this with inaction,115-7;origin of melancholy,117-20;its nature and effects,120-7,103,158;its diminution,143-4;his 'insanity,'121-2,421;in Actii.129-31,155-6;iniii.i.131-3,157,421;in play-scene,133-4;spares King,134-6,100,439;with Queen,136-8;kills Polonius,136-7,104;with Ghost,138-40;leaving Denmark,140-1;state after return,143-5,421;in grave-yard,145-6,153,158,421-2;in catastrophe,102,146-8,151,420-1;and Ophelia,103,112,119,145-6,152-9,402,420-1;letter to Ophelia,150,403;trick of repetition,148-9;word-play and humour,149-52,411;aesthetic feeling,133,415;and Iago,208,217,222,226;other references,9,14,20,22,28,316,353, NotesAtoH.Hanmer,91.Hazlitt,209,223,228,231,243,248.Hecate,342,Note Z.Hegel,16,348.2 Henry VI.,492.3 Henry VI.,222,418,490,492.Henry VIII.,80,472,479.Heredity,30,266,303.Hero, tragic,7;of 'high degree,'9-11;contributes to catastrophe,12;nature of,19-23,37;error of,21,34;unlucky,28;place of, in construction,53-55;absence of, from stage,57;in earlier and later plays,81-2,176;inKing Lear,280;feeling at death of,147-8,174,198,324.Heywood,140,419.Historical tragedies,3,53,71.Homer,348.Horatio,99,112,310, NotesA,B,C.Humour, constructional use of,61;Hamlet's,149-52;inOthello,177;inMacbeth,395.Hunter, J.,199,338.Iachimo,21,210.Iago, and evil,207,232-3;false views of,208-11,223-7;danger of accepting his own evidence,211-2,222-5;how he appeared to others,213-5;and to Emilia,215-6,439-40;inferences hence,217-8;further analysis,218-22;source of his action,222-31;his tragedy,218,222,232;not merely evil,233-5;nor of supreme intellect,236;cause of failure,236-7;and Edmund,245,300-1,464;and Hamlet,208,217,222,226;other references,21,28,32,192,193,196,364, NotesL,M,P,Q.Improbability, not always a defect,69;inKing Lear,249,256-7.Inconsistencies,73;real or supposed, inHamlet,408;inOthello,Note I;inKing Lear,256,Note T;inMacbeth, NotesCC,EE.Ingram, Prof.,478.Insanity in tragedy,13;Ophelia's,164-5,399;Lear's,288-90.Intrigue in tragedy,12,67,179.Irony,182,338.Isabella,316,317,321.Jameson, Mrs.,165,204,379.Jealousy in Othello,178,194,Note L.Job,11.Johnson,31,91,294,298,304,377,420.Jonson,69,282,389.Juliet,7,204,210.Julius Caesar,3,7,9,33,34,479;conflict,17-8;exposition,43-5;crisis,52;dragging,57;counter-stroke,58;quarrel-scene,60-1;battle-scenes,62;andHamlet,80-2;style,85-6.Justice in tragedy, idea of,31-33,279,318.Kean,99,243-4.Kent,307-10,314,321,447,Note W.King Claudius,28,102,133,137,142,168-72,402,422.King John,394,490-1.King Lear, exposition,44,46-7;conflict,17,53-4;scenes of high and low tension,49;dragging,57;false hope before catastrophe,63;battle-scene,62,456-8;soliloquy in,72,222;place among tragedies,82,88, seeTate;Tate's,243-4;two-fold character,244-6;not wholly dramatic,247;opening scene,71,249-51,258,319-21,447;blinding of Gloster,185,251;catastrophe,250-4,271,290-3,309,322-6;structural defects,254-6;improbabilities, etc.,256-8;vagueness of locality,259-60;poetic value of defects,261;double action,262;characterisation,263;tendency to symbolism,264-5;idea of monstrosity,265-6;beast and man,266-8;storm-scenes,269-70,286-7,315;question of government of world, in,271-3;supposed pessimism,273-9,284-5,303-4,322-30;accident and fatality,15,250-4,287-8;intrigue in,179;evil in,298,303-4;preaching patience,330;andOthello,176-7,179,181,244-5,441-3;andTimon,245-7,310,326-7,443-5;other references,8,10,61,181, NotesRtoY, andBB.König, G.,Note BB.Koppel, R.,306,450,453,462.Laertes,90,111,142,422.Lamb,202,243,248,253,255,269,343.Language, Shakespeare's, defects of,73,75,416.Lear,13,14,20,28,29,32,249-51,280-93,293-5,Note W.Leontes,21,194.Macbeth, exposition,43,45-6;conflict,17-9,48,52;crisis,59,60;pathos and humour,61,391,395-7;battle-scenes,62;extended catastrophe,64;defects in construction,57,71;place among tragedies,82,87-8,Note BB;religious ideas,172-4;atmosphere of,333;effects of darkness,333-4,colour,334-6,storm,336-7,supernatural, etc.,337-8,irony,338-40;Witches,340-9,362,379-86;imagery,336,357;minor characters,387;simplicity,388;Senecan effect,389-90;bombast,389,417;prose,388,397-400;relief-scenes,391;sleep-walking scene,378,398,400;references to Gunpowder Plot,397,470-1;all genuine?388,391,395-7,Note Z;andHamlet,331-2;andRichard III.,338,390,395,492;other references,7,8,386, and NotesZtoFF.Macbeth,13,14,20,22,28,32,63,172,343-5,349-65,380,383,386, NotesCC,EE.Macbeth, Lady,13,28,32,349-50,358,364,366-79,398-400, NotesCC,DD.Macduff,387,391-2,490-1.Macduff, Lady,61,387,391-2.Macduff, little,393-5.Mackenzie,91.Marlowe,211,415-6.Marston's possible reminiscences of Shakespeare's plays,471-2.Measure for Measure,76,78,275,397.Mediaeval idea of tragedy,8,9.Melancholy, Shakespeare's representations of,110,121.SeeHamlet.Mephistopheles,208.Merchant of Venice,21,200.Metrical tests, NotesS,BB.Middleton,466.Midsummer Night's Dream,390,469.Milton,207,362,418.Monstrosity, idea of, inKing Lear,265-6.Moral order in tragedy, idea of,26,31-9.Moulton, R.G.,40.Negro? Othello a,198-202.Opening scene in tragedy,43-4.Ophelia,14,61,112,160-5,204,399.SeeHamlet.Oswald,298,448.Othello, exposition,44-5;conflict,17,18,48;peculiar construction,54-5,64-7,177;inconsistencies,73;place among tragedies,82,83,88;andHamlet,175-6;andKing Lear,176-7,179,181,244-5,441-3;distinctive effect, and its causes,176-80;accident in,15,181-2;objections to, considered,183-5;point of inferiority to other three tragedies,185-6;elements of reconciliation in catastrophe,198,242;other references,9,61, NotesItoR, andBB.Othello,9,20,21,22,28,29,32,176,178,179,186-98,198-202,211,212, NotesKtoO.Pathos, and tragedy,14,103,160,203,281-2;constructional use of,60-1.Peele,200.Pericles,474.Period, Shakespeare's tragic,79-89,275-6.Pessimism, supposed, inKing Lear,275-9,327;inMacbeth,359,393.Plays, Shakespeare's, list of, in periods,79.Plot,12.SeeAction,Intrigue.'Poetic justice,'31-2.Poor, goodness of the, inKing LearandTimon,326.Posthumus,21.Problems, probably non-existent for original audience,73,157,159,315,393,483,486,488.Prose, in the tragedies,388,397-400.Queen Gertrude,104,118,134,136-8,161,164,166-8.Reconciliation, feeling of, in tragedy,31,36,84,147-8,174,198,242,322-6.Regan,299-300.Religion, in Edgar,306,Horatio,310,Banquo,387.Richard II.,3,10,17,18,42.Richard II.,20,22,150,152.Richard III.,3,18,42,62,82;andMacbeth,338,390,395,492.Richard III.,14,20,22,32,63,152,207,210,217,218,233,301.Romeo and Juliet,3,7,9,15;conflict,17,18,34;exposition,41-5;crisis,52;counter-stroke,58.Romeo,22,29,150,210.Rosencrantz and Guildenstern,137,405-6.Rules of drama, Shakespeare's supposed ignorance of,69.Salvini,434.Satan, Milton's,207,362.Scenery, no, in Shakespeare's theatre,49,71,451.Scenes, their number, length, tone,49;wrong divisions of,451.Schlegel,82,104,105,116,123,127,254,262,344,345,413.Scot on Witch-craft,341.Seneca,389-90.Shakespeare the man,6,81,83,185-6,246,275-6,282,285,327-30,359,393,414-5.Shylock,21.Siddons, Mrs.,371,379.Soliloquy,72;of villains,222;scenes ending with,451.Sonnets, Shakespeare's,264,364.Spedding, J.,255,476,Note X.Stage-directions, wrong modern,260,285,422,453-6,462.Style in the tragedies,85-9,332,336,357.Suffering, tragic,7,8,11.Supernatural, the, in tragedy,14,181,295-6,331-2.SeeGhost,Witch.Swinburne, A.C.,80,179,191,209,218,223,228,231,276-8,431.Symonds, J.A.,10.Tate's version ofKing Lear,243,251-3,313.Temperament,110,282,306.Tempest,42,80,185,264,328-30,469;Note BB.Theological ideas in tragedy,25,144,147,279;inHamletandMacbeth,171-4,439;not inOthello,181,439;inKing Lear,271-3,296.Time, short and long, theory of,426-7.Timon of Athens,4,9,81-3,88,245-7,266,270,275,310,326-7,443-5,460;Note BB.Timon,9,82,112.Titus Andronicus,4,200,211,411,491.Tourgénief,11,295.Toussaint,198.Tragedy, Shakespearean; parts,41,51;earlier and later,18,176;pure and historical,3,71.SeeAccident,Action,Hero,Period,Reconciliation, etc.Transmigration of souls,267.Troilus and Cressida,7,185-6,268,275-6,302,417,419.Twelfth Night,70,267.Two Noble Kinsmen,418,472,479.Ultimate power in tragedy,24-39,171-4,271-9.SeeFate,Moral Order,Reconciliation,Theological.Undramatic speeches,74,106.Versification. SeeStyleandMetrical tests.Wordsworth,387.Waste, tragic,23,37.Werder, K.,94,172,480.Winter's Tale,21,Note BB.Witches, the, and Macbeth,340-9,362;and Banquo,379-87.Wittenberg, Hamlet at,403-6.Wordsworth,30,198.Yorkshire Tragedy,10.


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