class="center">E.Economy in food,560Edible frog,564Eggs, ostrich,565Preserving,583Shells of, horns and calabashes for holding water,498Elephant hunting,634Elg-Led,658Elk trap,658Embarking camels,487Horses,473Water casks,379Emus, ostriches, &c., catching,668England, outfit to take from,4Enticing deer,660Equipment, mule, hints on,468North Australian expedition,35Sledge,399Waggon,446Erecting a perpendicular on a given point,320Escape, fire,353Pole, Indian,347Esquimaux boat,103Ice hut,314Lamp,86Sledges,398Snow hut, &c.,312Summer tents,315Establishing communication with a lee shore by means of a kite,185Estimate distance, to,739Strength of ropes, to,793Time,740Weight of rope, to,793Expedients for moving vessels during calms, Admiral Belcher’s,175For saving boats in rough water,176For working ships’ pumps,176Expedition by twenty-one men for eighteen months, stores, &c.,required for,46Extracting gun nipple,204Sap from timber,355Extricating waggons from quicksands, &c.,145F.Fall-traps,662Plank,664Farmer’s stores and horse medicines,84Farmhouse, defensible,295,298And village, to fortify,298Fastening camels on shipboard,489Horses,472Makeshift,335Fat, to treat,784Feathers, ostrich, packing,622Feeding of camels,486Feet, sore,430Felling timber,268Fences,273,291Ferries and fly bridges,331Ferrying wheels over rivers,144Fever and its remedy,77Field artillery,448Sledges,406Guns and their charges,241Figure of four traps,663Fijee canoes,139Filing up and trimming iron after forging,194Filters, camp,501Extemporised,501,503,506Patent,506Finding height of a tree or other object, whose base is accessible, without instruments,321Points of the compass,633River pearls,256Water,493Width of rivers or ravines without instruments,318Firearms, hints on,236Makeshift,245Testing,13Fire baskets,555Building, a,539,540Escapes,353Fuel for,539,541,542,543Maintaining,542Places, makeshift,553Producing,535Signal, as a,539Fish baits, hints on,605Catching,587Drugging,606Haunts of, hints on,605Hooks, makeshift,586,587Hooks, to make,209Roe, preserving,583Sea, Catching,585Securing from alligators,591Skin, use of,784Spearing,607,608Spears, weirs, and dams,596Torch,89Traps, baskets,595,597Fishing broken spars,181Implements,604Lines, to make,597Nets,600,603Tackle making, and hints on,588Under ice,602Fitting-up of tents,61Flasks, water, copper,495Flat-bottomed steel boat,166Flesh, dried,558Preserving,572Transportation of, hints on,576Flint muskets,10Float for one man, skin,154Waggons, to,144Floats, calabash,96; boxes,96Catamaran,165Bark,99Inflated skin,152Mangrove wood,163Milk-bush,163Skin,99Wood,99Flour, preserving from weevils,556From wrecks,557Fly bridge and ferries,331Infested animals, treatment of,804Tsetse,650Flying railway at Ichaboe,338Food, economy in,560Gathering, hints on,577Insects and their larvæ as,562,581Reptiles as,560,564Sledge dogs’,400Various,566Vegetable,563Foot coverings, makeshift,425Footways, tree,330Fording rivers, hints on,344Forge and bellows, extempore,213Forecastle lamp,87Hints on the management of the,192Forked sticks, uses of,388Form of tent peg,64Fortifying churches,301Farm and village,298Foundations for houses,304Fox trap,664Fracturing glasses, as to obtain a sharp edge,625Fritters,536Frogs, edible,564Fruits, obnoxious juices, removing of,520Wild,567Wild, of America,530Fuel for fires,539,541,542,543,556Fuegean pole house,309Canoe,161Furnace, makeshift,553Furniture, camp,389G.Gaberdine,4Gabion bridge,327Galls in horses,799Game, dead, protecting,660Pegs, &c.,392Gates, latches for,390Making and hanging,289Gathering food, hints on,577Mushrooms, hints on,582General hints on boat building,128Geographical information, to obtain from natives and colonists,758Geological and mineralogical specimens, collecting,771Geology for travellers,250Gipsy tent,57Glanders, cautions regarding,806Glass bottles, lightning averted by,289Fracturing, so as to obtain a sharp edge,625Gloves,5Gold, identifying,257Qualities of,810Searchers, hints to,251Grapnel or creeper, to trip,603Grass filters,504Grenades and rocket arrows,246Grindstones, mounting,387Gripes or colic, remedy for,802Ground lines, and their management,593For tent pitching,66Guano stages at Ichaboe,337Gum-tree bark canoe,162Gun barrels, to cut,198Barrels, to repair when bruised,226Cleaning,237Locks, oil for,236Nipple, to extract a,204Repairing,199Rests,392Second-hand, hints on buying,11Sighting,200Sights,201Slings,39Spring,656Telling time by,238Gunner’s capstan,374Gunpowder, to make,247Plan for securing,37Gunyah, the,278Gut, silkworm,599Guttapercha buckets,73Guttering in candles, to prevent,536H. Habits of wild animals, observation of,773Halters,37Hames, adaptation to collars,460Makeshift,458Hammocks,45Handbarrow, makeshift,389Hand mill,544Hanging doors and gates,289Handles of stock whips and lead pencils,225Hardening brass,210Bullets,228Hard rove rope, treatment of,793Wood,358Harness and pack animals,457For dog sledge,396Hints on,461Mule,459Tightening,465Harnessing and yoking draught oxen,452,454,455Camels,476Hints on,461Reindeer,406Harpooning hippopotami,613Seals under ice,603Harpoons,609Arrow,594Hartebeeste hut,282Hats and caps,5Haunts of fish, hints on,605Hay and straw ropes, spinning,792Headstalls,37Heat-conducting bodies,809,810Heavy spars, to carry, roll, or parbuckle,352Height of a tree, or other object whose base is accessible, to find without instruments,321Hemorrhage, to arrest,695Hide boat, quagga,102Ropes,784Hints on boat building,128Boots in tropical countries,429Buying second-hand guns,11Camels,486Camp medicine making,802Fire-arms,236Fish baits,605Fishing tackle,588Food gathering,577Fording rivers,344Gold searching,251Gathering mushrooms,582Harness and harnessing,461Haunts of fish,605Horse and mule purchase,806Hygeens, and camels,483Management of the forge,192Matters connected with waggons,446Mule equipment,468Mule purchasing,466Raft building,147Sentries,301Servants and slaves,704Serving rations,559Shoeing horses,798Sledges,401Transportation of flesh,576Trapping,666Travel,701Travelling in the arctic regions,309,316Hippopotami, use of,616Harpooning,613Hitches and knots,794On measuring lines,365Hobbles,38Hobbling cattle,469Hogs’ cravats,391Hold-all for tools,43Holder for torches,555Honey, finding and taking,580Hook trap,664Hooks, fish,209,586,587Hoop-iron, uses for,194Horizon, artificial,29Artificial, and sextant, use of,743Horizontal wheel, application of wind power to,512Horn lantern,86Horns for holding water,498Use of,784Horse and mule waggons,442Horses, buying,577Casting ropes for,801Collars,457Embarking,473Fastening,472Galls,799Glanders,806Leading and driving,473Medicines and farrier’s stores,84Poultice,799Purchase of, hints on,806Securing,800Shoeing, hints on,798Sledges,405Sore backs,799Teeth, and other irregularities,805Throwing,800Hour glass,740Houses, African, Portuguese,305Board,278Crook and prong,284Corrugated iron for,305Defensible farm,295,298Foundations for,304Fuegean pole,309Log,275Logier hill,287Reed,293Thatches for,285,288Howitzers, and their charges,242Hunter’s armament,655Hunting elephants,634Large carnivora,646Lions,642Hurdle or wattle work,382Husks of cocoa nut, use of,526Huts, Bechuana,280Beehive,279Bushman’s,278Damaras,282Fuegean,309Hartbeeste,282Ice,314Namaqua Hottentot,283Papuan tree,307Peat,309Savages’,278Snow,312Stone,280Rio Negro,307Tartar,294Thatches for,285,288Vaal river,281Hutting in the arctic regions,309,316Hygeens and camels, hints on,483I.Ice boards,403Bridging a river by means of,343Fishing under,602Harpooning seals under,603Huts,314Getting under,602Ichaboe guano stages and flying railway,338Identification of gold,257Precious stones,254Implements, fishing,604Impurities from water, removing,505Incisions in iron with cold chisels, to make,194Increase accommodation of tents,61Increase size of bell-tent,61Indian (American) lodges,308Cattle boat,99Escape pole,347Gharrie waggon,441Lamp,87Pellet bow,624Rope bridge,341Scaling ladders,348Indiarubber boots, to mend,429Inflated boats, to make safe,117Canvas boat,48, 49,50Skin floats,152Tubes, boat fitted with,179Information from natives and colonists, to obtain,758Insects and their larvæ as food,562,581Inspanning,452Instruments for mapping,31For mapping a route,24Stands for,738Intestines for holding water,500Introduction,1Iron articles, selection of,446Boats,51,123Corrugated for houses,305Making incisions with cold chisels in,194Ore, to smelt,258Platinizing,206Rod, weight of,809Rusting, to prevent,207Skiff,118Test for wrought or malleable,447Tinning,210Trap,665Uses for scrap and hoop,194Welding of,192Irregularities of teeth in draught animals,805Irritated surfaces, remedy for,80J.Jackets,4Making,698Jetty, to build an extempore,329Joining odd sections of metal boats,125Sheet metal,211Journal in duplicate,21Or diary,20Or diary, camel,489Juices, obnoxious, removing from fruits, &c.,520K. Kaffir beehive hut,279Killing sheep,560Kites as auxiliaries to swimming,183As sails,182Establishing communication with a lee shore by means of,185Scaling cliffs with,185Signalling by means of,184Tacking by means of,184Knives,40Knives, makeshift,193Sheath and bayonets,202Knots and hitches,794L.Ladders,353Indian scaling,348Makeshift,348Miners’,347Peg, branch, and log,349Rope and chain,348Ladles, spoons, and their substitutes,227Lamps, bull’s-eye,86Covers for,87Cup,85Esquimaux,86Forecastle,87Indian,87Railway,87Oils for,85Portuguese,84Reflecting,87Wicks for,85Lancers’ tent,58Landing derrick,349Lanterns, bull’s-eye,86Horn,86Larch trees,358Large game, cutting up,575Larvæ of insects as food,562Lasts for boots,416Latches,390Lathes, makeshift,386Laudanum, preparation of,803Lead ore smelting,228Pencils and stock whip handles,225Plates, to make,225Leading and driving horses,472Leaf torch,89Leakage in water-skins, repairing of,499Leaky boats, to stop,91Leaping-poles,347Leather buckets,72Leeches, mule, to destroy,805Lee shore, establishing communication by kites with a,185Levelling,340Staff, extemporised sight vane for,737Levels or low altitudes, to obtain,734Water, substitute for,738Library, the traveller’s,29,31Life-belts,94Boat, metal,124Buoys,95Line,96Raft, American,167Liggers and trimmers,591Lighting a fire,539,540Lightning, averted by glass bottle,289Line slings and lob sticks,334Lines, fishing,597For measuring,292Ground, and their management,593Measuring,365Lining for old huts, tents as,61Links and chains,462Lion hunting,642Lizards, snakes, &c. as food,560Loads for camels,485Cape waggon,453Lobsters, crayfish, &c. to catch,604Lob sticks and line slings,334Locality for water,491Lodges of the American Indian,308Logging-up timber,269Logier hill house,287Log, boring a,376Clip,273For sledges, to make,399House, to build,275Peg and branch ladders,349Splitting,543Steaming,357Long canoes,163Lotus roots and seeds as food,564Low altitude or levels, to obtain,734M.Maintain a fire,542Maize, preserving,569Malay torch,89Mallets for driving tent pegs,64Management of forges, hints on the,192Disabled artillery,448Ground line,593Mange, preventive and remedy,803Mangrove wood floats,163Manna and its preparation,529Maple sugar,528Mapping,30Instruments for,31On Mercator’s projection,754Routes, instruments for,24Tables,755Marking boxes,700Cattle,478Marrow bones,557Martin trap,662Massoolah boats,164Masts, broken,182For platform boats,114Matches from blue lights,556Materials for copper boats,54Metal platform boat,110Ropes,788Sketching, &c.22Wooden platform boat,114Mats, rush,283Measurements, extemporary,363Of distances,30Of distances travelled by wheeled carriages,726Of time,740Of waterflow of a river,757Rough modes of,363Measuring lines,292,365Lines, hitches on,365Tape, to make,320Meat, boiling,553Cakes,566Preserving,572Roasting,551Transportation of, hints on,576Medical stores,73Medicines,73Hints on making,802Horse, and farrier’s stores,84Mercator’s projection, mapping on,754Mescal, to make,579Metal (base), to detect,263Metal boat, building a,121Double,107Joining odd sections of,125Life,124Mixture for painting,113Platform,107,110Steel,166Metal pannikin, making,211Sheet, joining,211Sheet, snips for cutting,213Metals, tests for,260Milk-bush floats,163Preserving,582Spirit,534Mills, makeshift,544Mineralogical and geological specimens collecting,771Minerals, chemical tests for,260Miner’s pump, to make,266Swing and ladder,347Tools and mining,252Mining and miner’s tools,252Mission churches, plans for building,301Mixture for painting metal boats,113Mocassins,424Models of boats,105,119Mosquito nets,67Moulds, buck shot,19Bullet,220,230Shot,222Mounting cannon,237,240Grindstones,387Moving vessels during calms, Admiral Belcher’s expedient for,175Mules, bell,466Equipment, hints on,468Harness for,459Leeches, to destroy,805Packing purposes,467Platforms, Abyssinian,345Purchase of, hints on,466,806Refractory, to secure,459Teeth and their irregularities,805Waggons for,442Mushrooms, hints on gathering,582Muskets, flint,10Repairing,208Musk rats, catching,667N.Namaqua Hottentot hut,283Nardoo for meal,545Natives and colonists, to obtain information from,758Natives, plough,390Rewarding,493Natural bridges,346History specimens, preserving and packing,766History specimens, collecting,763Naturalists’ outfit,761Nave auger, to work,376Turning,370Necessaries for the table,70Necessary carpenter’s tools,41Nets, fishing,600,603Mosquito,67Netting,797Under ice,602Nipple of a gun, to extract,204North American wild fruits,530Australian expedition, equipment of,35Norwegian cooking stove,558Boats,165Skidor,411Nuts and bolts, taps and dies for,198O.Oars for travellers,114Observation of the habits of wild animals,773Observatory, portable,29Obtain geographical information from natives and colonists,758Levels or low altitudes, to,734Odds and ends for sledging,402To take abroad,69,73Offal of animals,557Oil for gun locks,236For lamps,85On troubled waters,176Or sugar cane mill,546Palm,525Ointment for wounds,802Oneida trap,665One man, inflated canvas canoe for,50One-tree bridge,325Ore, iron, smelting,258Lead, smelting,228Ostriches, catching,668Eggs,565Feathers, packing,622Otter, making and working,593Outfit for artists,22Naturalist’s,761Outriggers for canoes,99Makeshift,92Outspanning,453Ovens, makeshift,550Oxen, casting,801Yoking and harnessing,452,454P.Pack animals,463,474Animals, blindfolding,465Oxen,654Pack ropes,465Saddle,35Saddle bags,36Saddle crooks,388Saddle, Spanish,463Packing ammunition,17Botanical specimens,771Candles,88Natural history specimens,766Ostrich feathers,622Riding saddles,37Venison,661Packs and pack animals,474Dog,405Paddling,134Pail-yoke,391Pails, palm,523Water,496Painting and sketching under difficulties of travel,716Metal boats, mixture for,113Palanquins, stretchers, &c.,682Palm, bucket of,523Cabbage,523Climbing,523Cocoa nut,360Leaves, use of,527Oil,525Range and uses of the, &c. 524,526Sugar,525Toddy,524Vinegar from,525Pannikin, to make,211Papuan tree hut,307Parbuckling, carrying, and rolling heavy spars,352Parchment and catgut,782Passing through breakers, rules for,176Patent filter,506Patrol tent,55Paunches and bladders for holding water,499Pearls, river, to find,256Peat hut,309Pegs and rests for guns, game, &c. 392Branch and log ladders,349Pellet bow,624Pemmican,573Pencils and stock whip handles,225Penetration of rifle balls,17Pen trap,671Perch bolts, to repair,197Percussion caps and their substitutes,240Perpendicular, on a given point, to erect,320Pipes, buckets, &c. of bamboo,358Pistols,18Pitching tents,55Selection of ground for,66Pitfall,647Plane table and its use,735Plank fall trap,664House,278Rafter, and slab bridges,342Screens, to make,292Plans for building mission churches,301Plantains, cider,533Plantains for food,533Plants holding water,504,522Sap as substitute for water,491Yielding sap as a substitute for water,516,518,521Plates, lead, to make,225Making,213Platform boats, connecting beams, masts, &c. for,114Metal,107,110Wooden,114Platforms, Abyssinian mule,345Platinizing iron, &c.,206Ploughs, native,390Settlers”,391Pocket compass,28Handkerchiefs,5Points in the dromedary,483Of the compass,633Poisoned arrows,619,622Cure of wounds from,620Poisons,680And their antidotes,80Pole chains,335House, Fuegean,309Indian escape,347Poles, leaping,347Repairing,218Porcupine trap,657Porpoises, catching,612Uses of,613Portable boat, American,154Boat of inflated canvas,48Boat, steel,166Observatory,29Tool chest,44Portuguese buildings in Africa,305Lamp,84Potato whiskey,534Pots and pans,71Raft of,150Sugar making,548Poultice, horse,799Powder-flasks,19Precious stones, to identify,254Preparation of American wild fruits,530Laudanum,803Manna,529Skin for boots,414Preserving birds,574Botanical specimens,771Fish roe, eggs and butter,583Flesh,572Flour from weevils,556Iron from rusting,207Maize,569Milk,582Natural history specimens,766Skins,774Preserved vegetables,582Preventing a candle from guttering,556Iron rusting,207Preventive and remedy for mange,803Of tsetse fly bite,654Priming caps, to make,244Principles of raft building,147Proas,135Procuring aloe juice,802Fire,535,540Water from damp places,492Water from wells,492Producing fire,535Projection, Mercator’s, mapping on,754Of routes,751Prong and crook house, to build,284Protecting dead game,660Pulleys or blocks,383Pumping ships,176Pumps, extemporised,516Miners’, to make,266Punk,537Purchase of horses and mules, hints on,806Purgative for animals,802Purifying water,507Q.Quadrant,744Quagga hide boat,102Qualities of gold,810Quantity and nature of stores required by 21 men for 18 months,46Of ammunition to take abroad,17Quarrying stone,263Queen Charlotte’s Island canoe,158Queen, the,544Quicksands, extricating waggons from,145R.Radiating heat power of various bodies,810Rafter, plank and slab bridges,342Rafts, American life,167Cape-waggon chests as,140From wrecked ships,92Inflated skin,152Pot,150Principles of building,147Reed,98Sedge grass,150Trennelled,146Rail splitting,272Railway lamp,87Rainfalls, collecting water from,504Raising a roof,287Water from wells,508Waggons, &c. from quicksands, &c. 145Rakes, forks, &c. from sticks,391Rations for one man for six days,566Scale of, for rough travelling,559Hints on serving,559Ravines or rivers, to find the width of without instruments,318Reducing dislocated shoulder,694Reed boat,97Houses, screens and sheds,293Raft,98Reefing of sails from the sides,174Reflecting lamp,87Reindeer sledge,406Harnessing,406Refractory mule, to secure,459Region of the tsetse fly,652Remedy for colic and gripes,802Diarrhœa,79Fever,77Irritated surfaces,80Mange,803Snow blindness,79Strains and contusions,79Removing boulders,265Obnoxious juices from fruits, &c.,520Sand, &c. from gun locks,69Render boats safe,92Repairing axles,217Bladders, water skins, &c.,783Bruised gun-barrels,226Cannon,243Guns,199Leakage in water skins,499Muskets,208Perch-bolts,197Poles,218Vessels, temporary,168Wheels,218Wheel-tires,195Reptiles as food,560,564Rests for guns, &c.,392Rifle shooting,203Revolvers,18Rewarding natives,493Rice, boiling,565Riding and pack oxen,654Saddles, packing of,37Rifle balls, penetration of,17For travellers,231Rests,203Selecting,10Sights,16,201Shells, extempore,226Sporting,231Rifling arrows,624Rigs of vessels,172Rio Negro huts,307Rivers, ferrying wheels over,144Hints on fording,344Or ravines, to find the width of without instruments,318Pearls, to find,256Water flow, measurement of,757Rivets,213Roads, to make swamp,317Roadways, cane and twig,335Roasting meat,551Rocket arrows and grenades,246Rod iron, weight of,809Rolling, carrying, and parbuckling heavy spars,352Roof, to raise a,287Roots for food,533Of lotus as food,564Yielding sap as a substitute for water,516,518,521Rope bridge, Indian,341Casting, for horses,801Chain ladders,348Hard rove, treatment of,793Hay,792Hide,784Ladders,348Making,790Materials for,788Pack,465Straw,792Strength of, to estimate,793Weight of, to estimate,793Rucksacks,787Rudders, temporary,178Rue ruddy,395Rules for passing through breakers,176For sailing boats,177To be observed when sledging,401Rush mats,283Russian cargo boat,102Routes, projection of,751S. Sabots and socks,428Sacks, ruck,787Water, skin,780Saddles,32And gun rests,392Cases,34Cloths,33Cross-tree,465Pack,35Packing of,37Spanish pack,463Sago cakes,556Making,532Sailing boats, rules for,177Sails and their substitutes,172Kites used as,182To reef from the sides,174Substitutes for,174Samovar,90Sandals,426Sand, &c. from gun locks, to remove,69Sap from timber, to extract,355Of plants as substitute for water,491Savages’ huts,278Saw-pit, substitute for,274Saws and drills,376Scale of rations for rough travelling,559Scaling cliffs, &c. kites for,185Ladders, Indian,348Scarfing of broken spars,181Scissors,41Scrap-iron, uses for,194Screens, Chuppar,294For candles,88Plank,292Reed,293Sculling,132Sea-birds, cooking,584Sea-fish, catching,585Season for cutting timber,270Seals, harpooning under ice,603Seasoning wood,355Second-hand guns, hints on buying,11Sections, odd, of metal boats, to join,125Securing cattle,469Fish from alligators,591Gunpowder, mode of,37Horses,472Horse for an operation,800Tent ropes, modes of,65Seeds and roots of lotus as food,564Sedge grass raft,150Selection of bullet moulds,9Ground for tent pitching,66Guns,9Iron articles,446Rifles,10Servants,704Sentries, hints for,301Servants and companions, conduct to,702Slaves, hints on,704Serving rations, hints on,559Settlers’ plough,391Setting traps,665Sextant and artificial horizon, use of,743Sheds, reed,293Sheath knives or bayonets,202Shears to construct bridge,336Sheep killing,560Sheet-copper boat,50,51Iron, weight of,808Metal, to join,211Metal, snips for cutting,213Shells for rifles, extempore,226Of cocoa-nut, use of,526Shelves, makeshift,293Ship-board, fastening camels on,489Ships, rafts from,92Pumping,176Water-bags,498Shirts,4Making,696Shoe canoe,161Shoeing horses, hints on,798Shoemaker’s wax,415Shoes and boots,6,412Snow,408Shooting bustards,670Tortoises with arrows,624Shot belts,19Cannon,220Cannon, makeshift,246Making,223Moulds,222Signal clock,385Fire as a,539Signalling by means of kites,184Signs of the weather,185Sight vane for levelling staff, extemporised,737Sighting guns,200Sights, gun,201Rifle,16,201Silkworm gut,599Sinking wells,513Skates and their substitutes,411Sketching and painting, under difficulties of travel,716Skidor, Norwegian,410Skiff of copper or iron,118Skins as food,557Boat,100Cattle boat,99Dressing,779Float for one man,154Floats,99Preparation of, for boots,414Sleeping bags,786Treatment,774Use of,784Water,496Water, and bladders, repairing,783Water, repairing leakage in,499Water sacks,780Slab plank and rafter bridges,342Slaughtering sheep,560Slaves and servants, hints on,704Sledges, attachment of straps for,399Dimensions,394Dog,396,404Drawing,395Equipment of,399Esquimaux,398Field artillery,406Harness for dog,396Hints on,401Horse,405Ice board,403Log for,399Reindeer,406Runners of, to smooth,398Speed of, to check,400Stopping,400Summer,408Tobogun,403Travail,404Whip,397Sleeping bags,786Slings for guns,39Slow match and tinder,537Slugs, making,223Smelting iron ore,258Lead ore,228Smith’s tools for travelling,208Smoking out wild bees,537Smoothing roughened runners of sledges,398Snakes as food,560Bites, &c.,82Snares,673Snatch block,385Snips for cutting sheet metal,213Snow-blindness, and its remedy,79Hut,312Shoe-boots,410Shoes,408Soap making,785Socks and sabots,428And stockings,5Softening brass,210Solids, Weight of,809Sore backs,799Feet,430Spanish pack saddle,463Spawn, fish, preserving,583Spars, carrying, rolling, or parbuckling,352Scarfing or fishing of broken,181Spearing fish,607,608Spears, Australian,616Fish, weirs and dams,596Throwing, Australian,616Turtle,617Specimens, botanical, collecting,764Botanical, packing and preserving,771Geological and mineralogical, collecting,771Natural history, collecting,763Natural history, preserving and packing,766Speed of a sledge, to check,400Spinning hay and straw ropes,792Spirit from milk,534Splicing,797Splints, surgical,691Splitting logs,543Rails,272Timber,271Spoons, ladles, and their substitutes,227Spooring,628Sporting rifles,231Spring guns,656Spurs,34Square, to make a,320Squirrel trap,663Stables, temporary,294Stages at Ichaboe, guano,337Stands for instruments,738Steaming log,357Steel boat, portable,166Making,259Traps,665Steering wheel, to make,372Stern-posts, temporary,181Sticks, forked, uses of,388Still, makeshift,494Stirrups,34,380Stitching boots,421Stockings and socks,5Stock-whip handles and lead pencils,225Stone hut,280Quarry,263Treatment of,264Weapons, manufacture of,625Weight, the,810Stopping leaky boats,91Stores, &c. required by 21 men for an 18 months’ expedition,46Farriers’ and horse medicines,84Stoves, Norwegian,558Strains, remedy for,79Straps for sledges, attachment of,399Straw and hay ropes, spinning,792Strength of ropes, to estimate,793Various bodies,812Stretchers, palanquins, &c.,682“Strike-a-light” or “Chuckmuck,”537Stripping bark for canoes, mode of,156From trees,789Sugar cane or oil mill,546Making,546Maple,528Palm,525Pots, making,548Summer sledges,408Tents, Esquimaux,315Supple jack,392Surgical bandages,689Splints,691Swamp roads, to make,317Swimming to a lee shore, kite as an assistance in,183Swing and ladder, miners’,347Swinging derrick,349Swivels, wooden and other,361Symptoms of fever,77Tsetse fly bite,653
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