His speech was apparently dispassionate, and his arguments were set forth clearly and objectively. But his voice vibrated, as with suppressed grief, a bitter appeal, and inner distress. His noble, quiet countenance seemed to convey a silent plaint, but the speech of his eyes was eloquent. They expressed entreaty, enthusiasm, and hope.
Mr. Benas was lost in thought, while Hugo impulsively clasped his friend's hand.
The suspense and excitement that had taken hold of all was broken only when Mrs. Benas asked them to think of more material matters, and invited them to take a glass of beer or wine and a sandwich. The cleverwoman had waited for the right moment. They chatted yet a while of indifferent matters. Somewhat later, when Dr. Weilen found himself alone with Rita, he asked: "Who is this Dr. Rosenfeld?"
"A student friend of Hugo's. Hugo brought him here, and he has become a favorite of all of us."
"Of you, too, Rita?"
"Yes," she said simply.
Her candor pleased him. "Have you been with him much?"
"He became my friend, especially during the last few months, when he gave me lessons in philosophy, and introduced me to the ideas of the great thinkers."
"He loves you, Rita?"
She looked at him with moist eyes, and said in a low voice: "He has never told me so."
"Who could live near you and not love you? But he is carved out of the stuff of which martyrs are made."
Involuntarily they both looked at Henry who was approaching with Hugo.
* * *
A few days before the Passover festival the excitement and bustle apt to precede great events took possession of the little town of Rawitsch. The preparations for the celebration of the ninetieth birthday of Leopold Friedländer were in full swing. Mrs. Benas and her daughter Rita had been upon the scene of action for three days. They had personally directed the preparations, and assisted their relatives. Mrs. Benas was staying with her cousin Rebecca Strelitz, the oldest daughter of Uncle Leopold. On the day after her arrival, she astonished all Rawitsch by appearing at the market with Rebecca and Friederike, the second daughter, who had married Meyer Pinkus, a city alderman. They were accompanied by the cook, whom she had sent from Berlin a week before. "The Frau Geheimrätindeigned to superintend, in her own person, the buying of turkeys and ducks and geese," the poulterer had reported at theMinchahservice. What could not be had in the little village had been ordered from Berlin; and under the direction of Uncle Leopold's daughter-in-law Hannah, at whose house the celebration was to take place, baking and preserving and the preparing of all sorts of delicacies had been busily going on for several days, in a kitchen especially fitted out for the occasion. To Rita and to two young girls from Breslau and Mannheim,—who had also come with their mothers, the granddaughters of Uncle Leopold,—the life in the little village seemed extraordinary. The great-niece as well as the great-grandchildren had been raised under entirely different circumstances, and all the ceremonial customs observed in preparation for the week of the Passover by the entire community, but especially in the homes of their relatives, were new andstrange to them. On the last evening before the beginning of the Passover they had been present at theChometz batteln. The venerable old man took the lead, carrying a taper, some quills, and a large cooking spoon. He was followed by his seventy-year-old son Isidor and his wife. Thus they all went through the entire house in order to remove the last vestiges of leaven. Rita was especially impressed with the seriousness with which this was undertaken, and with the extreme significance attached to these customs. The participants clearly laid greater store by the Passover than by the anniversary celebration. The religious observance took precedence of the personal. During the day many more of the relatives arrived, among them several members of the family from the Russian city of Pinsk. They were adherents of the old Orthodoxy, with even a strong leaning in some of them toward Chassidism. They had accepted the hospitality of a distant relative who was especiallypious. At the inn, "The Golden Swan," the guests from Munich and Vienna were lodged; and on the afternoon of the next day, all the rest were expected, among them Mr. Benas, Hugo, and Dr. Weilen. The tall poulterer, so-called because of his vocation of judging live poultry, was the chronicler of the village, and Shmul Weissbacher, who was called "Rebbe on the contrary," because he always took opposite sides from the person who spoke to him, ran from house to house spreading the latest news; the former circulating a rumor, the latter denying the report. The excitement in the community grew from hour to hour.
In order to make sufficient room for the table, two large chambers had been thrown into one by the removal of the partition.
The poulterer reported that they were taking out the walls of the house, while "Rebbe on the contrary" declared they weren't tearing down the walls at all, merely a bit of boarding between the rooms.
At all events Mrs. Benas's scheme furnished an appropriate apartment. The big room looked decidedly inviting, with its decorations of white bunting and green pine boughs. Adjoining was the spacious "best room" of the house; here the large doors dividing the rooms had been removed, and the tables so disposed as to form one large banquet board. The general effect was fine.
At twilight the guests assembled for the Seder. The Geheimrat, who arrived somewhat early to consult with his wife, still occupied with her arrangements, was most agreeably surprised.
"You have managed splendidly," he said, gallantly kissing his wife's hand. "Truly, wonderfully!"
Everybody agreed with him, when, after greeting the head of the family, they sat down to the table. It was covered with fine white damask, and literally glistened with silver and glass. The wine sparkled in magnificently cut caraffes. It had come with thepale oranges from the colonies of the Holy Land. Everything was arranged most effectively. The Geheimrat had kept his word, and had sent such costly, handsome silver that it might have served for the table of a prince. And like a prince Leopold Friedländer sat among his own. To-day the modest, honest, unassuming man was a king; not only the king of the family celebration, but the king of a religious festival.
In a robe of white, once his wedding costume, and later to be used as his shroud, a white cap bound with a wide silver band resting on his snow-white hair, he sat supported by soft pillows, covered with white embroidery. At his side sat his daughter-in-law, Hannah, in a grey brocade dress, with a heavy golden chain about her neck, and a cap of ivory-white lace bedecked with lilac ribbons pressed low on her forehead, the traditional head-dress of strictly orthodox Jewesses. Friederike and Rebecca, her two oldest daughters, likewise wore caps, ofmore modern fashion however. The relatives from Pinsk still clung to the old fashion of the silkSheitel, with which a married Jewess entirely conceals her hair, replacing her natural adornment by costly jewels. Strands of pearls were wound about their heads. In fact all the Russian members of the family displayed such a wealth of diamonds and jewels that Mr. Benas could hardly suppress a smile of amusement.
The husbands of the two ladies from Pinsk were attired in long silk caftans, and side-curls escaped on each cheek from beneath their caps. In contrast to these were the elegant modern gowns worn by the rest of the family. The young women were arrayed in light airy dresses, and their coiffures—brown or blonde or reddish or deep black,—suggested Botticelli pictures. The men were in full dress.
And the company was no less diverse in its composition than in the appearance of its members. Along with the representativesof the old Judaism, which had maintained itself unchanged for centuries, all shades and grades of belief were represented. There were the orthodox, the pious, the conservative, the liberal, the reformed,—and an apostate! Similarly, all social stations were represented: high officials, an Oberverwaltungsrat, and an attorney-general from Munich—descended from the South German branch of the Friedländers—professors, physicians, lawyers, engineers, manufacturers, and merchants. There was lacking only a representative of the rabbis. There were several in the family; but they had been prevented from coming because of the necessity of officiating during the holidays. Among the younger generation there were gifted youths of studious habits, two Bavarian officers and an Austrian officer in uniform; barristers, assessors, engineers, tradesmen, and even those who had learnt a craft, and yet there was harmony in this compositepicture,—a harmony created by the common sentiment possessing all in this hour.
Leopold Friedländer drew the large silver Seder platter towards him. It was decorated with the symbolic dishes of the service. The golden shells at the four corners contained the Charoseth, the bitter herbs, the egg roasted in ashes, and the salt water. In the middle were the Matzoth covered with a white silk cloth, on which were embroidered, in gold, lions supporting the shield of David worked in silver and jewels. Under this stood the blessings in Hebrew letters. A granddaughter had executed this beautiful bit of needlework. And now the treble voice of a five-year-old boy, the son of a great-great-grandchild of the patriarch, was heard saying the first words of the Haggadah: "Mah nishtaneh ha-Layloh hazeh?" This little boy, sitting at the table of his ancestors, was the representative of the fifth living generation. He traced his ancestry directlyback to the Rabbis Eliezer and Akiba Friedländer, known as learned and high-minded men, whose virtues and piety, attainments and generosity, had brought honors to them, not only from the Jews, but also from those of other faiths. When little Jacob, in childlike tones, but clearly and distinctly asked the prescribed question, was Leopold Friedländer thinking of his father and grandfather? For he bent over his Haggadah, and tears flowed from his weary old eyes.
Deep emotion took hold of the company. They all looked from the old man to the child,—who was staring about him with wide-open eyes and with unsuspecting curiosity,—and then again from the child to the old man. All sorts of questions and ideas crowded into the minds of the guests. The old Judaism and the new,—how would they exist together? Peacefully and quietly as in this hour? And would youth listen devoutly when age taught the lessons from the history of the race? Would the youngpeople of the future gather about the patriarchs? Would they leave the busy life, the gay bustle of existence, its struggles, and its duties in search of consecration and peace? Such a miracle was happening in this simple Jewish home. In a spirit of reverence they followed the recital of the Haggadah, as the patriarch intoned in a feeble but impressive voice, the queer, outlandish, Talmudic, and casuistic interpretations of the festival. And when, with trembling hands, he filled the tall silver beaker with the wine destined for the prophet Elijah, he rose in his chair, and with the expression of religious faith imprinted upon his aged features, exclaimed,Leshonoh habooh bi-Yerusholoyim, a spirit of awe descended upon the company. No one seemed able for the moment to throw off the inspiring impression, not even those who failed to share the hopes expressed in the prayer.
Hugo Benas was most deeply affected. "So it must be," he whispered to his mother,who sat next to him. "Though worlds apart in their views, in standards of life, in position, in culture, they are united by ties of race. And wherever Jews live in this way, a spiritual Zion will arise, as here, in this humble abode."
* * *
The assembled relatives had drawn close together during these holidays. Points of contact had appeared, the old bonds had been renewed, new ones had been formed; and with complacency they told one another of the many members of the family who had attained high positions in civil life. Honor was paid to those who had kept the religious traditions uncontaminated. Undisturbed harmony reigned, and not even Victor Weilen formed a discordant element. Curiously enough, one of the Pinsker kin, who knew nothing of Victor's apostasy (for the subject had not been referred to), was most attracted to him; and Victor questioned thepious and intelligent man about the condition of the Jews in Russia. It was of interest to him to hear how the old orthodoxy had been preserved there, and had become a factor in politics, in which, despite their religious segregation, the Jews were necessarily involved. Mr. Benas, however, could not resist a good-humored yet slightly satirical remark, when he repeatedly saw these two men together. "Under the shelter of the Patriarch, the orthodox and the apostate come together," he said to Hugo, who responded: "That is Zion."
With these impressions fresh in mind, the Benases returned home; and as a result of their influence the union of Weilen with Rita was not opposed, not even by Hugo. Since the evening on which Dr. Weilen had so freely stated his views concerning colonization, Hugo had been less distant toward him, and in the course of time the relation between them grew in cordiality. They had discussed the Jewish question repeatedly,and Hugo was always agreeably impressed by the man's calm, his lack of prejudice, and his sincerity. Such qualities counted doubly in his case. They had also touched upon his change of belief, and Dr. Weilen had said in regard to it: "The new belief that I adopted could give me nothing, just as the loss of the other had taken nothing from me, because I was not devout in this sense; and that liberated me, and it keeps me free even to-day, as a mature man, to acknowledge and associate myself with those to whom I am attached by a bond which has a deeper hold than this or that rite or ceremony can possibly have."
And when Hugo saw him so full of tact, taking a cordial interest in all who flocked about the patriarch, on the spot that since then he called "Zion," he had taken him into his young heart, readily fired with enthusiasm. He understood his sister's love for this man, and he no longer resisted the inevitable outcome: that she should becomehis wife according to the laws of the land in which they lived. But then ... then!
The engagement was celebrated privately. On the evening of its announcement, when the family was gathered together, the Geheimrat, who had feared Hugo's impetuous disposition, and who now saw him consent so joyously, gave him a great surprise, too. This day on which his daughter was to be made so happy, should also be of special significance to his son. He announced to Hugo that he was ready to interest himself in the colonies in Palestine, and to help them financially. With overflowing gratefulness Hugo flung his arms about his father, and kissed and fondled his mother. Rita and Victor declared that they regarded this decision as their finest betrothal gift.
Hugo was happy. "Then I may dedicate myself entirely to these aims? When I have passed my final examinations?" he said, half in question and half in decision.
Mr. Benas frowned slightly: "Thatmeans I must give not only my millions but also my son to the cause?" The words sounded good-humored, yet as though he were making fun of himself. "That is building Utopia at heavy expense to me."
"Zion, father, Zion, wherever it may be."
"Noblesse oblige," Mrs. Benas interrupted. "That was the lesson of our visit to Uncle Leopold's, those memorable days under the shelter of the Patriarch."
"Mamma is right," said Victor. "And if all Jews thought and acted as you have done, dear father, then happiness and hope would find lodging even among the unfortunate members of our persecuted race, and blessings would spring up. Where? Well, the world is so big and so great.... Civilization is so eager to conquer, and Israel so persistent and enduring."
His tone was cordial, convincing, and soothing.
Involuntarily Rita stepped to his side, and he drew her gently to him.
"And he who speaks thus, father, is—"
"He is thefiancéof our daughter, of your sister, Hugo," Mr. Benas quickly interrupted.
* * *
It was spring time. In beauty and splendor the spring had taken possession of the earth! In youth, joy, and glory everything seemed changed, and awakened to new life by the sweet kisses of the sun. Lovers are peculiarly sensitive to such joy. Entranced, Rita and Victor were looking out from the terrace of the house upon the park, which, in its green attire, lay before them in Easter splendor. Victor had taken Rita's hand, and held it in silent happiness.
Hugo approached them with two open letters in his hand.
"Mother said I should find you here."
"Is it not beautiful here, Hugo?" asked his sister. "At this time of the year Berlin always seems wonderful to me, especially out here. How glorious it is!"
He paid no attention to her remarks and said: "I looked for you to show you these letters, one from Henry, and the other...." He looked at one of the letters. "Elkish informs me that he has decided to retire."
Her expression became sad: "We might have foreseen that," she said in a low voice.
"He wishes to return with his sister to his home in Lissa."
"What does father say?"
"He feels he must accept the resignation, and will, of course, allow him a proper pension."
Victor had listened in silence to the conversation between sister and brother.
"Is he an old retainer of your house?"
Rita nodded assent.
"Is he going because I have come? Does his fanaticism drive him away?"
"Perhaps, but may be he is worn out."
It was apparent from the tone of her voice that she herself had no faith in her reassuring words.
"O no," said Hugo, "he goes because he can no longer comprehend us, so he writes, and he does not wish to make the leave-taking hard, therefore...."
"He does not wish to see me again?" Rita cried out in pain.
Superiority was sharply expressed in his countenance, strong self-consciousness, untempered by sympathy. Rita looked at Weilen as though to beg his pardon, while Hugo's serious eyes gazed into vacancy. For several minutes there was silence, then Dr. Weilen asked: "And what does your friend Rosenfeld write?"
Hugo breathed freely, as if a burden had been lifted from off his soul. "He! He wishes you joy from the bottom of his heart. He is delighted to hear that Rita is happy." Then he looked over the letter as if searching for a particular passage. "Here: 'I thank you for the news of your sister's engagement. Such a girl's choice can only bring happiness, and make herhappy; for truth and purity are united in her, and such natures as hers are sure to find what is right. What little I know of Dr. Weilen warrants this assurance. Dr. Weilen seems to me a man of deep insight and fine feeling, in whom strength and tenderness go together—qualities desirable in the husband of a highly intellectual woman like Rita. Devout in her tender soul and tolerant in her clear head, that is her personality. Her mission is to minister to the happiness of one individual. But as for us, we must think of the common weal, and to it we will dedicate our strength and our blood. And now let us set forth on the road, even though it be wearisome. Let us be up and doing.... Let us labor in behalf of our co-religionists." He folded the letter. "Yes, that shall be our mission."
Mr. and Mrs. Benas had stepped into the door and stood looking at their children. They had overheard Hugo's last words, and they appreciated the solemnity of the moment.And the consummation of their hopes was glorified by the soft, golden radiance of the spring.
(All words given below, unless otherwise specified, are Hebrew. The transliteration aims to reproduce the colloquial pronunciation of Hebrew words by German Jews.)
Al Chet."For the sin," beginning of a confession of sins.
Amhorez.Ignoramus.
Amrazim.Plural of the previous word. Ignoramuses.
Baal-Milchomoh.Soldier.
Baale-Batim.Householders. Substantial and respectable members of the community, who contribute to its support.
Bar-Mitzvah.Religious majority, at the age of thirteen, when a Jewish lad is expected to take all religious duties upon himself.
Bekovet.Honorable; dignified.
Besomim.Spices, used at the ceremony ofHabdalah, marking the end of the Sabbath.
Boruch ha-Shem."Blessed be the Name" (of God).
Charoseth.A mixture of apples, raisins, wine, cinnamon, etc., used at theSeder, symbolic of the mortar which the Israelites prepared in Egypt.
Chas ve-Sholem."Mercy and peace." Heaven forbid!
Chavrusseh.Society; company.
Chazen.Cantor; precentor.
Chochmes.Wise ideas; oversubtle notions.
Chometz batteln.To do away with all leaven (before Passover).
Chutzpeh.Arrogance; audacity; impudence.
Davvening(?). Reciting the prayers of the liturgy.
Evadde.Assuredly; certainly.
Fromm(Ger.). Pious; observant (of religions and ritual ceremonies).
Gemoreh.The Talmud.
Get.A bill of divorce.
Goy.A non-Jew.
Khille.Jewish congregation; Jewish community.
Kiddush.Sanctification; the ceremony ushering in the Sabbath or a holiday.
Kosher.Ritually permitted.
Maaseh.A story; an anecdote.
Mah nishtaneh ha-Layloh hazeh."What distinguishes this night" (from all other nights); the question introducing the narrative of the Exodus from Egypt in the Seder service of the Passover nights.
Mairev.Evening service.
Malkeh.Queen.
Matzoth.Cakes of unleavened bread.
Melech.King.
Menorah.Candlestick used onChanukkahor Sabbath.
Meshugge.Crazy.
Meshummed.Apostate.
Mikveh.Ritual bath.
Minchah.Afternoon service.
Minyan.A company of ten men, the minimum for a public service.
Mishpocheh.Family in the wider sense; collateral branches as well as direct descendants; kin.
Mogen Dovid."The Shield of David." A Jewish emblem.
Narronim.(Ger. with Heb. ending). Fools.
Nebbich.(Slavic). An expression of pity. Poor thing! Too bad!
Omed.Reading desk of the cantor in the synagogue.
Oser."Forbidden." Expression of defiance: You bet I won't; I'd like to catch myself, etc.
Oshamnu bogadnu."We have trespassed, we have dealt deceitfully." First two words in the alphabetic confession of sins.
Ovinu Malkenu."Our Father, our King." Beginning of the lines of a well-known prayer.See next word.
Ovinu Malkenu chosvenu be-Sefer Parnossoh ve-Chalkoloh."Our Father, our King, inscribe us in the book of sustenance and maintenance." One line of a well-known prayer.
Parchonim.Riff-raff; small fry; vermin.
Pesach.Feast of Unleavened Bread; Passover.
Pleitegeher.(Heb. and Ger.). An habitual bankrupt.
Posheh Yisroel."A sinner in Israel"; one who disregards the ceremonial law of Judaism.
Rav.Officiating rabbi.
Rebbetzin.(Heb. with Ger. suffix). Wife of the officiating rabbi.
Roshekol.Head of the Jewish community.
Seder.Home service on the first two nights of the Passover.
Shabbes.Sabbath.
Shabbes Goy.A non-Jew engaged, often by all the families in a Jewish congregation, to do work forbidden the Jew on the Sabbath, such as kindling a fire, etc.
Shadchen.Marriage broker.
Shammes.Verger; beadle; sexton.
Sheitel(Ger.). A covering for the head, to hide the hair of a married Jewess.
Shem Yisborach."The Name (of God) be blessed."
Shema Yisroel."Hear, O Israel"; beginning of the Jewish confession of faith.
Shicksel.(Heb. with Ger. suffix). Drastic expression for a non-Jewish girl.
Shikker.Habitual drunkard.
Shiveh."Seven" days of mourning, immediately after a death occurs in a family.
Shivoh oser be-Tamuz."Seventeenth Day of Tamuz"; a fast day commemorating the first breach in the walls of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar, who took the Temple itself three weeks later.
Shnorrers(Ger.). Beggars.
Sholosh Sudes.The third meal on the Sabbath.
Shul(Ger.). Synagogue.
Shulchan Oruch.The Jewish code of ritual laws, etc.
Sukkoth.Feast of Tabernacles.
Talles.Prayer-scarf.
Talmid Chochom.A Jewish scholar, learned specifically in Jewish lore.
Tashlich."Thou wilt cast"; ceremony connected with the afternoon of the first day of New Year, and observed at a running stream or at the seashore.
Trefa.Ritually unfit for food.
Tzores.Trials; tribulations.
Waigeschrieen(Ger.). Woe is me.
Yevorechecho Adonay ve-yishmerecho."May the Lord bless thee and keep thee."
Yichus.Aristocracy; good family connections.
Yiddishkeit(Ger.). Jewishness.
Yom Kippur.Day of Atonement.
Yontef.Holiday; festival.
Zecher Zaddik livrochoh."The remembrance of the righteous is for a blessing."
Zechus.Merit; privilege.
Zichrono livrochoh."His memory is for a blessing."
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