AAbbaye Blanche, near Mortain,109,110Almenèches,139et seq.;its church,150,151;site of the castle,152Ambrières, fortress of,57,229;architectural significance of its church,230Amiens,8,9,23,24,47Architecture in Normandy, its points of likeness with that of England,23,27,28,31,46;Romanesque, at Bayeux,28,29;at Exmes,147;at Le Mans,206,207,209;transitional period well marked in Fécamp Abbey,48Argentan,125–138Arletta [Herleva], mother of William the Conqueror,10Arnulf of Montgomery,141,142Arques, fortress of Count William at,59,60;battle of,60Avranches, historical associations of,75;its position,ib.,81,82;its ecclesiastical territory merged in the diocese of Coutances,81BBarbe, M. Henri, quoted,191,194,196Bayeux, retention of the Danish tongue and religion at,2,6;Richard the Fearless educated at,ib.;Saxon and Danish colonies at,5,6;its cathedral church,8,22–30;the seminary chapel,8,30;compared with Coutances,25–28;Bishop Odo's work at,26,28;later Romanesque at,29;its English character,30Beaumont-le-Roger,179et seq.Beaumont-le-Vicomte, castle and church,234,235Beauvais,9,23,24Bernay, Judith's Abbey at,8,182,188Bigod, use of the name,105Brionne, character of the building,97,98CCaen,2;its ecclesiastical buildings,8;destruction of churches at,19;burial-place of William the Conqueror,51Cæsaris Burgus,67.SeeCherbourgCalleva, its fall,199.SeeSilchesterCarentan,72Castles, beginning of in England,14;in Normandy, earlier and later sites of,58;question as to the earliest date of stone castles in Normandy,97Caudebec, Teutonic origin of the name,6Cerisy,8Chandos, Sir John, building of the keep of St. Saviour attributed to,71Channel Islands, their relation to England,65Chartres, contrasted with Le Mans,200et seq.;its historical associations,202,203;architectural features of its cathedral church,203,204;why it differs from Le Mans,204;its height,207;its secondary churches,209Cherbourg, name probably cognate with Scarborough,68Churches, Norman, French and English, compared,9,23,24,46,111Cintheaux,53,54Colomby,70Côtentin, derivation of the name,62;its peninsular character,64,65;acquired by William Longsword,66Coutances, cathedral church of,22et seq.,82;its sham west front compared with that of Wells,25;its internal architecture compared with that of Bayeux,26,27;men of, at Senlac,66;its position,72,73,75,83;aqueduct at,73,88;its diocese enlarged,81DDiablintes, tribal name survives in Jublains,190Dieppe, meaning of the name,6Dinan,22,54,55Dive, river, battle by,60Dol, church of,22,et seq.;compared with S. Canice at Kilkenny,25,30;its position suggests St. David's,30;east end compared with Wells,31Domfront, fortress of, won by William,56,228;compared with Falaise,ib.Dumaine, l'Abbé L.V., his history of Tinchebray,117,118EEadgarthe Ætheling, at Tinchebray,121;taken prisoner and released,123Ecclesiastical foundations, choice of sites for,42,43Emma, Abbess of Almenèches, sister of Robert of Bellême,140–143England, likeness of Normandy to, how accounted for,5–7Eu, its historical associations,58,59Evreux,4,8,24Evron, abbey at,234Exeter, commonwealth of, compared with Le Mans,212,213Exmes,139et seq.;site of the castle,144,145;its church,146–149FFalaise, birthplace of William the Conqueror,10,12;its historical associations,11,12;probable date of the castle,15;its position,16,17;origin of the name,16;spoiled by so-called restoration,18–20,53;compared with Domfront,56Fécamp, abbey of,43et seq.;transitional period well marked at,47,48;its fourteenth century alteration compared with Waltham,49,50Flers,113GGally Knight, Mr., quoted,82,86,106Geoffrey of Mowbray, Bishop of Coutances,67,80Geoffrey, Count of Mayenne, his betrayal of the Commune of Le Mans,214,231Geoffrey Malaterra, quoted,93,94Granville,73HHarold, son of Godwine, received by William at Eu,58;the guest of William Patey,114,115Harold Blaatand, his settlement in the Côtentin,5,66;delivers the Norman Duchy,60Hauteville-la-Guichard,90et seq.Helias of La Flèche, Count of Maine, at Tinchebray,121,122Henry I. of England,54;Avranchin held by,76;wins back Saint James,78;victorious at Tinchebray,115,120,123;his treatment of Robert,123;at Saint-Evroul,164Henry II. of England, homage paid him at Falaise by William the Lion,11;his hospital at Le Mans,209,220Henry I. of France, helps William against his rebellious vassals,35;his personal experiences at Val-ès-dunes,ib.;sees the slaughter at Varaville,61;burns Argentan,128,130,171;fortress of Tillières burned by,171;re-fortifies Tillières,ib.Henry of Beaumont, Earl of Warwick,91Herbert Wake-Dog, Count of Maine,218Herlwin, Abbot of Saint Peter's, Orleans, pillages Abbey of Saint-Evroul,164Hildebert, Bishop of Le Mans, ordered to pull down the towers of Saint Julian's,132,208Holy Trinity, Abbey church of, at Beaumont-le-Roger,185–187Hubert of Rye receives William on his escape from Valognes,114Humfreyde Vetulis, father of Roger of Beaumont,180Hundred Years' War, personal nomenclature in Normandy, affected by,5JJublains and Silchester compared,189–191;origin of the name,190;its position,191,192;its Roman remains,192,et seq.;numismatic evidence for date of fortress,196–199LLa Lande-Patry,114,115Laigle, surname misunderstood,154–156Langlois, significance of the name,5Laval,231,232Le Mans, contrasted with Chartres,200,et seq.;Saint Julian's keeps its ancient nave,205–207;its thirteenth century choir,207,208;destruction of its towers ordered by William Rufus,208;its secondary churches,209,220;Henry the Second's hospital at,220;owes its special character to its municipal history,210–214;its analogy with Exeter,212,213;no existing monuments of the time of theCommune,215;its position,ib.;Roman and mediæval walls,216,217,218;position of Saint Julian's,217,218;early greatness of its ecclesiastical and civil rulers,217;its buildings,218,219;William's fortresses at,219,220;birthplace of Henry the Second,220;German occupation of,221;ruthless destruction at,222;menhirat,223Les Vieilles, faubourg of, at Roger-le-Beaumont,180;church of,187,188Lessay,72Lewis-from-beyond-Sea, King of the West-Franks, taken captive by Harold Blaatand,60Limay,52,53Louise of Silly, Abbess of Almenèches,150MMaine, its history,224et seq.;its modern division,225;architectural borderland between Normandy and Anjou,226Malger, Count of Mortain,104Mantes,51,53Matilda of Flanders, Queen, her church of the Holy Trinity at Caen,8;married to William at Eu,58Matilda, daughter of Richard the Fearless, marries Odo of Chartres,170;dispute about her dowry,ib.Matilda, Abbess ofAlmenèches,143Mayenne,57,58,225,230,231Montacute, siege of, raised by Geoffrey of Mowbray,67;Norman name of Leodgaresburh (Lutgaresburg),105Mortagne,101Mortain, its position,101,102;site of the castle,103;its history,104;foundation of Saint-Evroul at,105Mortemer, battle of,35;its position,38,39;reason for its historic interest,ib.;surprise of the French at,40NNæodunum,190,198.SeeJublainsNeufbourg,110Neufchâtel-en-Bray, its hills and cheeses,39Names, confusion of,100,101,154,155Nomenclature, personal, in Normandy, affected by Hundred Years' War,5;local traces of Danish, in Normandy,6;in Gaul,63Normandy, its points of likeness with England,3,4,41;compared with France proper,3;Teutonic elements in,5,6;traces of Danish local nomenclature in,6;its ecclesiastical buildings,8;compared with those of France proper,9,23,24;restoration and destruction in,17–20,29;importance of its early history,33;its political absorption by France,41,218Normans and English, original kindred of,5–7;in England, English fusion of,15;in Normandy, French fusion of,ib.Notre-Dame, Avesnières,233Notre-Dame, Domfront,57Notre-Dame, Saint-Lo,83–85Notre-Dame, Verneuil,178Notre-Dame de La Couture, Abbey of, Le Mans,209,220,226Notre-Dame de la Place, Argentan,136Notre-Dame-du-Pré, Le Mans,209,220,226OOdelerius, sends his son Orderic to Saint-Evroul,162Odo, Bishop of Bayeux, his work at Bayeux,26,28Odo II., Count of Chartres, refuses to give up his wife's dowry,170;defeated,171Orderic (Vital), at Neufbourg,110,119;at Saint-Evroul,143,160,162Oximenses, use of the name,140PPalgrave, Sir Francis, quoted,39,64,101,226Periers,72Petit, Mr., quoted,1Puiseux, M.L., quoted,33QQuerqueville, church of,68,69;origin of the name,69Quilly,53,54RRennes,55Richard the Fearless, Duke of the Normans, educated at Bayeux,2Richard the Good, Duke of the Normans, fortifies Tillières,170;his dispute with Odo of Chartres,ib.Richer of Laigle, his character and death,156Robert the Magnificent (the "Devil"), Duke of the Normans, castle of Falaise attributed to,13–15Robert, Duke of the Normans, eldest son of William,54;his march to Tinchebray,119;his captivity,123;defeated by Robert of Bellême,143Robert, Count of Meulan, son of Roger of Beaumont,91,179,181,184;at Tinchebray,122Robert, Count of Mortain,103,105,106Robert of Bellême, at Tinchebray,120,121;banished by Henry,141;his treatment of Almenèches,142;defeats Robert,143;his imprisonment,ib.Robert of Grantmesnil, Abbot of Saint-Evroul,162Robert of Torigny, quoted,122,137Robert the Bigod, accuses William of Mortain of treason,105Robert Wiscard,91,92,98,181Roger I., Count of Sicily,92,98Roger of Beaumont,91,179,180Roger of Montgomery, Earl of Shrewsbury,140,141Roger of Poitou son of Earl Roger,137,141,142Rolf, his settlement,5,36Rouen, its French character,2,6;death of William the Conqueror at,51SSaint Andrew, Chartres,209Saint Canice, Kilkenny, central tower of, compared with that of Dol,25Saint Cross, Saint-Lo,85–87Saint-Evroul, 143; his story,162;his name,163;memorials and relics of,167Saint Evroul Abbey, home of Orderic,143,160,et seq.;restored by families of Geroy and Grantmesnil,162;pillaged by order of Hugh the Great,164;its architectural remains,165–167Saint-Evroul, Mortain, its foundation,106;its architectural features,106–108Saint German, Argentan,127,131–136Saint Gervase, Falaise,16,173Saint James, topographical use of the name,77;fortified by William the Conqueror,ib.,78;won back by Henry the Ætheling,ib.;its position,ib.;site of William's castle,79Saint John, Verneuil, its tower,176,177Saint Julian's, Le Mans, contrasted with cathedral church of Chartres,200et seq.;Romanesque work at,206,207;Angevin style in,226.SeealsoLe Mans.Saint-Lo (Manche), town and church of,83–87Saint-Lo, Rouen,80Saint Martin, Argentan,131,134–136Saint Martin, Laigle,157,158Saint Martin-in-the-Vale, Chartres,209Saint Mary Magdalen, Verneuil, its fine tower,175,176Saint Michael in Peril of the Sea,44,55Saint Nicolas, Beaumont-le-Roger,181,182Saint Nicolas, Coutances,87,88Saint Peter, Abbey, Chartres,209Saint Peter, Coutances,85,87,88;compared with Saint German, Argentan,131Saint Price, near Laval,234Saint Ouen, Rouen,24Saint Remigius, Tinchebray,119Saint Saviour, castle and abbey of,70,71Saint Stephen's, Caen,8,26Sainte-Susanne,156,234Saxons, settlement of, at Bayeux,5Silchester and Jublains, compared,189–191Sillé-le-Guillaume,234Surnames of places,91,92;misunderstood,100,101,154–156TTalbot, John, Earl of Shrewsbury, his tower at Falaise,11,15,16Tancred of Hauteville, his home,90,95,97,98Tillières, its position and history,169–171;church at,172,173Tinchebray, battle of, an English victory,115,116,120;site of the battle,117VVal-ès-dunes, battle of, a victory of the Roman over the Teuton,35;site of the battle-field,36,37Valognes,69,70Varaville, battle of,60Verneuil, its position,173;castle and donjon at,174,175;churches at,175–178Vimont, M. Eugène, his book on Argentan,128,136Vire,112WWace, value of his description of the battle of Val-ès-dunes,37,38;quoted,114,169Wells, west front of cathedral church compared with that of Coutances,25;east end compared with Dol,31William Longsword, Duke of the Normans, Danish education of his son,2;wins the Côtentin,66William the Conqueror, his church of S. Stephen at Caen,8;his birthplace,10,12;his attempt at learning English,12;modern estimate of in Falaise,13;present at the dedication of Odo's church at Bayeux,28;results of his personal qualities,34;seeks help of Henry I. of France,34,35;burns Mantes,52;his marriage to Matilda at Eu,58;Domfront submits to,56;fortifies Ambrières,57;his conquest of Mayenne,ib.,230;takes Arques,59;his surprise of the French at Varaville,61;his escape from Valognes,70,114;fortifies Saint James,77–79;gives the lands of William of Mortain to his half-brother Robert,105;opposition of Le Mans to,212William Rufus, bids Bishop Hildebert pull down the towers of SaintJulian's,132,208William, Count of Arques, his fortress,59William, Count of Mortain,104;his lands given to Robert,105;founds l'Abbaye Blanche,109;with Duke Robert at Tinchebray,119,120,121;taken prisoner,123;his alleged blinding,ib.William of Saint-Calais, use of the surname,155William Patry, receives Harold at La Lande,115William the Lion, King of Scots, does homage to Henry II. at Falaise,11