Table of ContentsPREFACE.VCONTENTS.VIIGENERAL INTRODUCTION.XVI.DESCRIPTIVE.1I.DEFINITION AND DISTINCTION FROM KINDRED PHENOMENA.31.Ordinary meaning of the term “slavery”.32.Use of the term “slavery” in theoretical literature.63.Definition for scientific use.74.Distinction of slavery from kindred phenomena.I. Wives in an abject condition.95.Distinction of slavery from kindred phenomena.II. Children subjected to the head of the family.266.Distinction of slavery from kindred phenomena.III. Members of a society in their relation to the head of the community.307.Distinction of slavery from kindred phenomena.338.Distinction of slavery from kindred phenomena.349.Pawns or debtor-slaves.39II.GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF SLAVERY.411.Introduction.412.North America.471.Eskimos.472.Nootka group.493.Tinneh group.504.Algonquin group.525.Iroquois group.556.Choctaw-Muskoghe group and neighbouring tribes.567.Dacotah group.588.Oregon group.599.Californians.6110.New Mexicans.633.Central and South America.704.Australia.835.Melanesia.856.Polynesia.977.Micronesia.1028.Malay Archipelago.110I.Malay Peninsula.110II.Sumatra and neighbouring islands.110III.Borneo.112IV.Celebes.113V.Little Sunda Islands and Moluccas.114VI.Philippines.115VII.Madagascar.1179.Indo-Chinese Peninsula.12310.India, Afghanistan, Himalaya.12411.Central Asia.12712.Siberia.13213.Caucasus.13614.Arabia.13815.Africa. A. Bantu tribes.1381.Caffres.1382.South-West Bantus.1443.East-African Bantus.1474.Tribes on the Congo and in Lower Guinea.1495.Natives of the Wahuma states.15216.Africa. B. Soudan Negroes.1551.Coast of Guinea.1552.Haussa states.1573.Central Soudan.1574.Upper Nile.1575.Appendix. African Islands.15917.Africa. C. Light-coloured South Africans and African pigmy-tribes.16118.Africa. D. Hamitic peoples.16319.Recapitulation.165II.THEORETICAL.167I.METHOD AND DIVISIONS.1691.Method.1692.Distinction of economic groups.1743.Hunting and fishing, pastoral, and agricultural tribes in the several geographical districts.179II.HUNTERS AND FISHERS.1901.Why slaves are not of much use to hunters.1902.The slave-keeping tribes of the Pacific Coast of North America.2013.Experimentum crucis:Australia.2274.Experimentum crucis:Central North America.2365.Experimentum crucis:Eskimos.2466.Conclusion.255III.PASTORAL TRIBES.2621.Capital and labour among pastoral tribes.2622.Slavery among pastoral tribes.281IV.AGRICULTURAL TRIBES.2921.Numbers of positive and negative cases in the three agricultural groups.2922.Development of agriculture and development of slavery.2933.Capital and labour among agricultural tribes.2974.Land and population.3025.Land tenure in Polynesia.3146.Land tenure in Micronesia.3217.Land tenure in Melanesia.3248.Landlords, tenants and labourers in Oceania.3289.Transition from serfdom to freedom in Western Europe.34610.The rural classes of medieval England.36211.The rural classes of medieval Germany.37312.Open and closed resources.38313.Condition of women.38814.Commerce.39315.Slaves employed in warfare.39816.Slaves kept as a luxury.40317.Other secondary internal causes.40618.External causes, especially the slave-trade. Recapitulation.407V.CONCLUSION.4171.General survey.4172.Outlines of a further investigation of the early history of slavery.427I.The different ways in which people become slaves.428II.The different ways in which people cease to be slaves.430III.Treatment of slaves by their masters.431IV.Legal status of slaves.432V.The attitude of public opinion towards slaves.433VI.Different kinds of slaves.433VII.Slave labour.433VIII.Serfdom.434IX.Number of slaves.434X.Happiness or unhappiness of slaves.434XI.Consequences of slavery.435XII.Development of slavery.437LIST OF AUTHORITIES.441SUBJECT-INDEX.467ColophonAvailabilityThis eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online atwww.gutenberg.org.This eBook is produced by the Online Distributed Proofreading Team atwww.pgdp.net.The new cover art included with this eBook is hereby granted to the public domain.MetadataTitle:Slavery as an industrial systemAuthor:Herman Jeremias Nieboer (1873–1920)Infohttps://viaf.org/viaf/76686342/File generation date:2024-09-23 09:00:48 UTCLanguage:EnglishOriginal publication date:1910Revision History2024-08-29 Started.CorrectionsThe following 205 corrections have been applied to the text:PageSourceCorrectionEdit distanceXII2243241XIIHildebrands’Hildebrand’s2XXsiencescience1XX,26,26,27,97,109,280,305,331,346,411,412,414,469,473,473,474,474[Not in source],1XXTourmagneTourmagne’s24,13,23,50,215,307,307[Not in source]“15RechtverhältnisseRechtsverhältnisse112obductedabducted116oppossumsopossums122p.p.pp.125,50,53,66,284,284,294,310,323,386,401,402bijby226,140,327,331[Not in source]”126childerenchildren137wichwhich1Passim.[Not in source].143childernchildren244knowknown147neccessariesnecessaries149[Not in source];153superintendantssuperintendents154,152,307,329,398,398,461,.155,55HoffmannHoffman155Hoffmann’sHoffman’s159,151,404,423,432,468.,164.,,166indendedintended169,390totto174,425occurenceoccurrence178ConibasConibos190formelyformerly195edequateadequate197Waitz-G erlandWaitz-Gerland1103,321armijarmidj1104,104kadjurkajur1121Nederlandsch IndiëNederlandsch-Indië1126AsameseAssamese1138arbitaryarbitrary1142unkwownunknown1145Steimetz’sSteinmetz’s1148,154WanyakynsaWanyakyusa1155andund1170catagorycategory1175isit1184a2a20190SimilkameenSimilkameem1204AthsAhts2216,238,339,433,435,435,461,462.[Deleted]1224,337,468,471,[Deleted]1226possesionpossession1229EijlmannEylmann2232quarrellingquarreling1237FartherFurther1237esas1249fomfrom1263Ama XosaAma-Xosa1285memberschipmembership1302TactitusTacitus1303vieuwview1330pag.p.2331,336KramerKrämer1 / 0331quarellingquarreling2332positonposition1332personnallypersonally1336afof1343depiseddespised1345l.I2347inis1358occuredoccurred1360adreadyalready1368villansvillains1368postionposition1370benificialbeneficial1374Ibib.Ibid.1377especialyespecially1378renumerativeremunerative2383appropiatedappropriated1393TorrestrasseTorresstrasse1393secundarysecondary1394stilstill1408werewhere1419renumerationremuneration2423selfsufficingself-sufficing1433DenikerDéniker1 / 0437AuthropogeographieAnthropogeographie1441,450furfür1 / 0447,455,465Nederlandsch-IndieNederlandsch-Indië1 / 0451EthnograpischeEthnographische1452PolynesiePolynesië1 / 0453Ost-afrikaOstafrika1453AbtheilingAbtheilung1454BresilBrésil1 / 0465ErganzungsheftErgänzungsheft1 / 0468;[Deleted]1469recourcesresources1470,474:;1471211472,472,;1472;,1473Onon1
Table of ContentsPREFACE.VCONTENTS.VIIGENERAL INTRODUCTION.XVI.DESCRIPTIVE.1I.DEFINITION AND DISTINCTION FROM KINDRED PHENOMENA.31.Ordinary meaning of the term “slavery”.32.Use of the term “slavery” in theoretical literature.63.Definition for scientific use.74.Distinction of slavery from kindred phenomena.I. Wives in an abject condition.95.Distinction of slavery from kindred phenomena.II. Children subjected to the head of the family.266.Distinction of slavery from kindred phenomena.III. Members of a society in their relation to the head of the community.307.Distinction of slavery from kindred phenomena.338.Distinction of slavery from kindred phenomena.349.Pawns or debtor-slaves.39II.GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF SLAVERY.411.Introduction.412.North America.471.Eskimos.472.Nootka group.493.Tinneh group.504.Algonquin group.525.Iroquois group.556.Choctaw-Muskoghe group and neighbouring tribes.567.Dacotah group.588.Oregon group.599.Californians.6110.New Mexicans.633.Central and South America.704.Australia.835.Melanesia.856.Polynesia.977.Micronesia.1028.Malay Archipelago.110I.Malay Peninsula.110II.Sumatra and neighbouring islands.110III.Borneo.112IV.Celebes.113V.Little Sunda Islands and Moluccas.114VI.Philippines.115VII.Madagascar.1179.Indo-Chinese Peninsula.12310.India, Afghanistan, Himalaya.12411.Central Asia.12712.Siberia.13213.Caucasus.13614.Arabia.13815.Africa. A. Bantu tribes.1381.Caffres.1382.South-West Bantus.1443.East-African Bantus.1474.Tribes on the Congo and in Lower Guinea.1495.Natives of the Wahuma states.15216.Africa. B. Soudan Negroes.1551.Coast of Guinea.1552.Haussa states.1573.Central Soudan.1574.Upper Nile.1575.Appendix. African Islands.15917.Africa. C. Light-coloured South Africans and African pigmy-tribes.16118.Africa. D. Hamitic peoples.16319.Recapitulation.165II.THEORETICAL.167I.METHOD AND DIVISIONS.1691.Method.1692.Distinction of economic groups.1743.Hunting and fishing, pastoral, and agricultural tribes in the several geographical districts.179II.HUNTERS AND FISHERS.1901.Why slaves are not of much use to hunters.1902.The slave-keeping tribes of the Pacific Coast of North America.2013.Experimentum crucis:Australia.2274.Experimentum crucis:Central North America.2365.Experimentum crucis:Eskimos.2466.Conclusion.255III.PASTORAL TRIBES.2621.Capital and labour among pastoral tribes.2622.Slavery among pastoral tribes.281IV.AGRICULTURAL TRIBES.2921.Numbers of positive and negative cases in the three agricultural groups.2922.Development of agriculture and development of slavery.2933.Capital and labour among agricultural tribes.2974.Land and population.3025.Land tenure in Polynesia.3146.Land tenure in Micronesia.3217.Land tenure in Melanesia.3248.Landlords, tenants and labourers in Oceania.3289.Transition from serfdom to freedom in Western Europe.34610.The rural classes of medieval England.36211.The rural classes of medieval Germany.37312.Open and closed resources.38313.Condition of women.38814.Commerce.39315.Slaves employed in warfare.39816.Slaves kept as a luxury.40317.Other secondary internal causes.40618.External causes, especially the slave-trade. Recapitulation.407V.CONCLUSION.4171.General survey.4172.Outlines of a further investigation of the early history of slavery.427I.The different ways in which people become slaves.428II.The different ways in which people cease to be slaves.430III.Treatment of slaves by their masters.431IV.Legal status of slaves.432V.The attitude of public opinion towards slaves.433VI.Different kinds of slaves.433VII.Slave labour.433VIII.Serfdom.434IX.Number of slaves.434X.Happiness or unhappiness of slaves.434XI.Consequences of slavery.435XII.Development of slavery.437LIST OF AUTHORITIES.441SUBJECT-INDEX.467
ColophonAvailabilityThis eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online atwww.gutenberg.org.This eBook is produced by the Online Distributed Proofreading Team atwww.pgdp.net.The new cover art included with this eBook is hereby granted to the public domain.MetadataTitle:Slavery as an industrial systemAuthor:Herman Jeremias Nieboer (1873–1920)Infohttps://viaf.org/viaf/76686342/File generation date:2024-09-23 09:00:48 UTCLanguage:EnglishOriginal publication date:1910Revision History2024-08-29 Started.CorrectionsThe following 205 corrections have been applied to the text:PageSourceCorrectionEdit distanceXII2243241XIIHildebrands’Hildebrand’s2XXsiencescience1XX,26,26,27,97,109,280,305,331,346,411,412,414,469,473,473,474,474[Not in source],1XXTourmagneTourmagne’s24,13,23,50,215,307,307[Not in source]“15RechtverhältnisseRechtsverhältnisse112obductedabducted116oppossumsopossums122p.p.pp.125,50,53,66,284,284,294,310,323,386,401,402bijby226,140,327,331[Not in source]”126childerenchildren137wichwhich1Passim.[Not in source].143childernchildren244knowknown147neccessariesnecessaries149[Not in source];153superintendantssuperintendents154,152,307,329,398,398,461,.155,55HoffmannHoffman155Hoffmann’sHoffman’s159,151,404,423,432,468.,164.,,166indendedintended169,390totto174,425occurenceoccurrence178ConibasConibos190formelyformerly195edequateadequate197Waitz-G erlandWaitz-Gerland1103,321armijarmidj1104,104kadjurkajur1121Nederlandsch IndiëNederlandsch-Indië1126AsameseAssamese1138arbitaryarbitrary1142unkwownunknown1145Steimetz’sSteinmetz’s1148,154WanyakynsaWanyakyusa1155andund1170catagorycategory1175isit1184a2a20190SimilkameenSimilkameem1204AthsAhts2216,238,339,433,435,435,461,462.[Deleted]1224,337,468,471,[Deleted]1226possesionpossession1229EijlmannEylmann2232quarrellingquarreling1237FartherFurther1237esas1249fomfrom1263Ama XosaAma-Xosa1285memberschipmembership1302TactitusTacitus1303vieuwview1330pag.p.2331,336KramerKrämer1 / 0331quarellingquarreling2332positonposition1332personnallypersonally1336afof1343depiseddespised1345l.I2347inis1358occuredoccurred1360adreadyalready1368villansvillains1368postionposition1370benificialbeneficial1374Ibib.Ibid.1377especialyespecially1378renumerativeremunerative2383appropiatedappropriated1393TorrestrasseTorresstrasse1393secundarysecondary1394stilstill1408werewhere1419renumerationremuneration2423selfsufficingself-sufficing1433DenikerDéniker1 / 0437AuthropogeographieAnthropogeographie1441,450furfür1 / 0447,455,465Nederlandsch-IndieNederlandsch-Indië1 / 0451EthnograpischeEthnographische1452PolynesiePolynesië1 / 0453Ost-afrikaOstafrika1453AbtheilingAbtheilung1454BresilBrésil1 / 0465ErganzungsheftErgänzungsheft1 / 0468;[Deleted]1469recourcesresources1470,474:;1471211472,472,;1472;,1473Onon1
This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online atwww.gutenberg.org.
This eBook is produced by the Online Distributed Proofreading Team atwww.pgdp.net.
The new cover art included with this eBook is hereby granted to the public domain.
The following 205 corrections have been applied to the text: