IV

1.The Seal of Yarsahal (front view).2.Copper Seal with Sabota on it.3.A Pottery Stamp (back view).4.An Alabaster Lamp.5.Alabaster Mace Head (?)6.A Pottery Stamp (front view).7.The Seal of Yarsahal (side view).8.An Alabaster Lamp (bottom).9.Fragment of a Himyaritic Inscription.

We bought an object of fine alabaster in Aden. It was said to come from the Hadhramout. It seems like a seal or stamp and has a hollow round the back, with spouts in either of the short sides. It had been used as a lamp when we obtained it. There is a kind of handle or tube pierced through to the front, probably for suspension.

In the same illustration are also part of an earthenware stamp and the seal ofYarsahal, the younger of Shibahm, with its golden setting, and a copper seal withSabotaon it.

Letters Distinguishable of an almost obliterated inscription near Haidi village, near Kalenzia, Sokotra, copied by Theodore Bent

Letters Distinguishable of an almost obliterated inscription near Haidi village, near Kalenzia, Sokotra, copied by Theodore Bent

Crosses at Dihaiterere on the hill Ditrerre, a spur of Hamar, Sokotra. A perfect mass of crosses, the various shapes of which, on the rocks, were copied by Theodore Bent

Crosses atDihaiterereon the hill Ditrerre, a spur of Hamar, Sokotra. A perfect mass of crosses, the various shapes of which, on the rocks, were copied by Theodore Bent

Shape of a piece of wood from bone cave at Minèsha, Ras Momi, Sokotra

Shape of a piece of wood from bone cave at Minèsha, Ras Momi, Sokotra

Sokotra camel marks, collected by Theodore Bent, 1897

Sokotra camel marks, collected by Theodore Bent, 1897

SOKOTERI AND MAURI WORDS COLLECTED BY THEODORE BENT IN THE ISLAND OF SOKOTRA, HE ASKING THE QUESTIONS IN ARABIC

The transliteration of the second, fourth, and fifth columns is according to the system of the Royal Geographical Society.

EnglishDialect used in South Arabia but not in all instances confined to itLiterary ArabicMahriSokoteriFortḤisnḤisnHaznHusnSpring-fountain‘Ain‘AinMayouNeshodehinPickaxeKismah—KasmEsherFriendḤabībḤabībMahabba sidiMahabba habibaMoonKamar, BedrQamar, BadrKubkob, WarraKubkob, EhriFuneralGhināzahGanāzahGhinozetGhinezaGame (prey)S̤aidṢaidNehàmel melbetzàTahariGive meAt̤ini‘At̤iniZemiEndakhemuGlassKizāzQazāzLogutArashiGloriousGalīlGalīlAnnoLubakHairSha‘rSha‘rShufThlefHalfNiṣforNusNiṣfNussNussWhereFeinFeinFeinFeinWhatEishorEiEshHeshendiInimdiNo matterMal‘eish—LaktlelaBithiokhthiThank youKatterk̲h̲airakKat̲h̲ark̲h̲airakKaterkhairakTarmunketeStand hereStanni hinna—SarbuhunTakozha‘aStraightDogriDug̲h̲rīHebkalazerom (or Hepka)TorrnàBlessedUmbārrakorMubārrakMubārakUmbarrakUmbarakStopWakkafWaqqafSolopTzullebahaHammerShākoush, Hafir—EfeieTaferraHangShanakShanaqAzabKhlanakHandYadYadHedEdAnchorageMèrsaMarsāMoïsiMoïsiHeadacheWagà er rasWaga‘-ar-rāsAbkos erayheEllak adeOftenKetiran-TamèlliKat̲h̲īranYehoda mekinDenafakinOilZeitZaitShigarShigarOnionBaṣal—BosaletBasahalWaterMoyaMiyāhHamouDiho RihoMountainGhebelGabalGhebelFèdehanMilkLebenLabanKhlofKhlofStoneḤagarḤagarHobenObenBreadKhubsKhubzKhobsEshereDateNakhlNak̲h̲lNakeletTamariManRagulRajalReighEikTrueShagaraS̲h̲ajarShigheredSherehomFarBaïdBa‘īdDahakSherehekNearGarībQarībGaribSheikiWellBirBirBirAbahurSheepGhanemGhanamKheozOzHorseKhailKhailFereheKhailCamelGemelGamalBerr[15]BerrSeaBaharBaḥrDorumDenhemSandRamlRamlBattarShimehGarmentToub—BerakaFarak berekàMoveShihl—ShilleilTizàminhaBeforeKablQablKsobbaGoddam sheiNameIsmIsmHemukōmnMormùkshomBedFerashFirāshJuderiGudereSun risesSherug esh shemsSharūg-ush-shamsSkerkot NayoumSherkot NashomLightKafīfK̲h̲afifDernekfifManghenaGoldDahàbTahabDehebDehebIronḤadīdḤadīdHadidHadìdSilverFaddaFaḍḍaḍDerehemDerahinClothKamashQumāshDizhidShöd‘hemCloudSahalSaḥābah?AfoùrHehourJudgeKadiQādīKadiKaldiTakeEmsakorEmsikImsākElkofTelöSatanShait̤ānShait̤anShaitanMarkushDifficultSabiSabi‘SabiMarhereEvening mealAsher‘AshāIzhhèTeloimöMiddayDohrD̲h̲uhrTohrVohrPlaceMakanMakāmMèkonD‘halfFaceWaghWajhWeggiFenèFaithDinDīnDīnIzalīhenFamilyAhlAhlOherDehihkag‘-haihoFatSemenSamnMaharHammiFeastEid‘̄IdEidAyedFeverHummaḤummāDighiloGhiohörLittleKhalìlK̲h̲alīlIhnil (orEint)Herèrhen,or(Ererihen)—Melane—MillèMillìFingerAṣbu‘ aṣabe‘Uṣbu‘, Aṣba‘AsbaEsba asaliFleaBarghùtBargauthGheròseGherozFoolKhailakAḥmaqKhailakDiddoSaddleSargaSargaZmelZmelDogKelbKalbKelbNot known; no wordSheepKharūfa—TiwitTe‘ehSaltMelḥMalḥMilhodaMilhKnifeSikkīnSikkīnAisSariFishSemekSamakSeitZodeIt is necessary—you mustLāzimLāzimLazeromNa‘ahEnoughBasBasBasTa‘adOneWāḥadWāḥadTatTatTwoItneinIt̲h̲naīnTroTraThreeTalātaT̲h̲alāt̲h̲aSaratitTaleleFourArba‘Arba‘ArboteArbaaFiveK̲h̲amsaK̲h̲amsaKhamsKhamseSixSittaSittaItìtSittaSevenSaba‘Saba‘IbeìtSabaEightTamaniaT̲h̲amāniaTimminèTamaniaNineTissa‘Tisa‘ZeitTestaTen‘Ashera‘AsharaAseraitAsheraTwenty‘Ishrin‘IshrīnAsherinIshrinOne hundredMiaMiatMieitMiaWorkShughShaghlFìsaMahalèhWound, soreGurrèhGarūhSobGourèhPainWaggàWaga‘DebkhosErlakhMedicineDàwaDawāDewarTofin-i-dewarSunShemsShamsHayoumShehemReadyT̤aīrT̤aīrAkabìtSouèdonButterZùbda—MakozoGotomìneIÀna—HèmukomònEvumukshamYouEntaAntamMinesmukMinmukshamHeHūHūHou—RopeḤablḤablKeitEnkharSon, boyWelèdWaladAghiēn̄MukshinDaughterBintBintAghinotFèrhinWomanHormaḤurmaHaremetAzhèWoodHattabḤaṭabHatabTirobStrongKawiQavīMusirehMusirakWarHarbḤarbHarb shehenHarb shehenMoreKamànKam-min LawaAshishfisa, Fileh‘niciteh, RiàhTa‘alt‘hefisa, Feleh‘ntodèh DāPriceTamànT̲h̲amanSouehTetenàMeatLaḥmLaḥmTiwëTàLegRiglRijlSereinThlaubBloodDamDamDouriDurrAllahAllahAllahAllahAllahDeafTourshṬurshYehomallahDouféHousesBouyoūtBuyūtBouyoutKekeSeaweed, grassḤashīshHas̲h̲īs̲h̲MarehRödServant‘Abd‘AbdHoyurEmbahaSlaveGulamG̲h̲ulamGulmaB‘thlekumTall, longT̤awīlT̤awīlTawīlEp(Plural)AtwàlAt̤wālTawilDihomStarsNagoùmNagūmNegounKabkapLessonDarsDarsKerìMukerèTruthHakḤaqqHakHakWithout truthBidùn hakBidūn haqqHammuk hakEkmunk hakIn the housefi‘l beitfi‘l baitbe beitTofok, diè min karIn the nightfi‘l leilfi‘l lailbe leilbilleilheIn the roadfi‘l tarīkfi‘l tarīqbe haronorunHealShāfīShāfīBekhairghBekhaeragheHeartKalbQalbKalbElbiHeavenSamāSamāSimmaSimmaHeavyTakilTḥaqilTakilEddakHeelAkab‘AqībAkonoshKonoshPigKhansir—KhansirKhansirHornKarnQurnKonKonReadyḤadirḤad̲h̲irHaderHaderImperfectNākisNāqisNakussBiziankazank bidinyaImpossibleG̲h̲air mumkinG̲h̲air mumkinGhair numkinGhair numkinPossibleYimkinImkānYumkinYumkinIndigoNīl ṇedalNīlNihlNilInfantT̤ifl (it̤fāl pl.)T̤ifl, It̤fâlAtfalAtfalInfidelKāfir—KofferKefferInkHibrHibrIndudMedadIntellectAkl‘AqlOkulAkalInterpreterTergumànTargumānMakaddamDehane makaddamIslandGezīraGazīrahGezeiraGezeiraJewZahoūdiYahūdīYahoudeYahoudeKickRafos—ErkellaTaràkadIntelligentFahīhmFahīmFehemdiFehemKillKatalQatalIlbeddaTalataKindLat̤īfLat̤īfAltehfAltuiphinArmsSillahSilāḥShkiShkoSoldier‘Askar‘AskarAske̤rAskerKingMalikMalikMoliD‘hemmelArriveWaṣsalaWaṣalaWasselGiddaMatting-bagZambīl—ZạṃbilZambilWise‘Alamah‘ĀlimAlamah dimondiDimondish alemahCutIghtsal—Hanmel kosornNerdoberJourneySafarSafarNehassolInsofarTiredTa‘b, Ta‘banTa‘b-Ta‘bānKetlakResakTribeKabīlaQabīlahKabilaKabelaNowDilwakhtiD̲h̲i‘l waqtiLeasarLeasarLearnTa‘alem—MollumMa‘alemTentK̲h̲īmah, KheimK̲h̲īmahArzhlìtStirìhtSwordSeifSaifKeitKeòttahaSummerShitta—KazemKébhorRight, SouthYemènYamīnGezĕmhineTiozeminhahLeft, NorthShemàlShamālShemīnSheminEastSharkSharqShurakot haioumShomWestGarbisG̲h̲arbGhizoteAttabonLate eveningMogrebMug̲h̲ribMogarebMogarebHow are youKheifalak—BesherheltAlghiorgTo walkMasha—MehèklazeromEntòholnàYesEwaAyyawāHerrìHerrìNoLāLā—DehKeyMiftaMiftāhMìftàhMiftàhTo tieUrbutYarbut̤Urbut—Come hereTa‘al hinna—AssabTazùmGive meGibli, atini—Inkalbo, AtiniTadidbo HabondishoelaeTake holdKhod—ShelùsTzaKneel down (to a camel)BarakaBarakaHebrekaberTerburukTo-morrowBukaraBukaraBukarèd, BukeradeElliAfterwardsBadènBa‘denM‘goriEnzatBeforeGoddamQuddāmFenouniAdminlefeniInsideDak̲h̲lDāk̲h̲ilKebDakhlorTurkoOutsideBarraBarrānKharegorBarrānSheragaorTcherogehteDoorBābBābBobTerrYearSannaSannahSenateEhnoWeekShahrShahrWarrakhTadkleherDrunkSherabSharibHamontikèNerouRoadTarìkT̤arīqHaurimHaurimDeadMutMatMautZamiTo-dayEl yomAl YaumImorHairDay after to-morrowB‘ad BukraBa‘d bakarahBad gehìnDishinzomenYesterdayEmsAmsImshiImshiMosqueMesjidMasjidMasjidMasjidPriestMollahMullāMa‘alimMa‘alimFridayGummaGama‘GhimataGummaCrossSalìbMīsānMisonMisonHappyMahsŏudMaḥsûdLaefHalutTogetherSawāSawāNehanakafakhariEntafakhariBuyIshteriIshtarạ̄HamilthtòrIntergyerAboveFokFauqHàkalaMinaliBelowTak̲h̲tTaḥtHamenkeratInkodediemenEverythingKul sheiKull shaiHaltikalla—EveningAsser‘Aṣar—DinofariWild beastWaḥshWaḥshDeshìtShodhìhmHow muchKamKamB‘kamBinemshuonDom-treeNebekNaba‘DomFirehemGoodTayibT̤aiyabGhetDìaBadBattalBat̤lKhiobDiàNiceZeinZainGhitShikèroGreatKebirKabīrAghusShibìbGreatestAkbarAkbarAghusaShibìhbWhiteAbaidAbyaḍLebanèdLebìneBlackAsoudAswadHawaKhalak Ha-heOldKadīmQadīmDewìlTahanNewGhedidGadīdHidinGedìdColdBardBardGazùnHabahurHot{ HarḤarrHehenShehemor{ HamiḤummạ̄Hanan HarkDio denarherRedAhmarAḥmarUferAferGreenAkdarAkdar——YellowAsfarAṣfarHat‘horShedhorMuchGhaliG̲h̲alīZebounGhaliCheapRakīs—RakisRakisRichGhaniG̲h̲anīTogìrTagPoorFakirFaqīrFakerFakerWretchedMeskinMiskīnMeskinMeskinFatherAbūAbūHebeBebeMotherOmUmmHammeBeoEatAkulAkalHamkoutGebenganeoFearK̲h̲āf—LinkhafSherbotonAngryNehm—ShuhkofDaimeSickAyyan—BithellGioreBroken, InjuredMaksūrMaksūrTiberSheteghenNewsKabarK̲h̲abarKobberKabrEarlyBèdri, SubbaSabāhKsobbaKasaibeyaPeaceSalaanSalāmSubbaellahAlburrDirtyWasakhWasak̲h̲MithkalHaidekCleanNodīfNad̲h̲d̲h̲afGhihdiNodeifBoatMerkabMarkabMerkabMerkabRideYerkabYarkabHamle rekhobNirerkabRainMatarMaṭarLehamedMesserCrookedAwwaz‘AwwajNehanellomNetògherFinishedKhalasK̲h̲alaṣBurneghessenTettinThusKiddaKaḍā——Go{ YemshiYamshīSuèToïke{ RuaRāḥGhenīToherPrisonHabsḤabsHabsHabsPresentBakhshisBakhs̲h̲īs̲h̲BakhsheshBakhshishProphetNebiNabīNebeNebeOpenMaftūhMaftūḥBob fitàhGhinattenOrphanYatīmYatīmAytìmEsmediaforeBucketDaluDalūDoluM‘l‘hiaTo paintLauwan, LaunLawwanLaunSourahPalm branchesSaóuf nakhl—SafeHes el timeriParentsWalideinWālidainHebe wahamiBebe wavubeyahFowlDakika—KarounEntLiverKabidKabidKabidKabidThirstyAt̤chan‘At̤shānHailukToimekHungryGoànGī‘ānGöakSottakPraiseḤamdḤamdHamdHamdSlowBa‘ati—Aden abatayahAden nauChristianNàzariNaṣārīNazariNazariImmediatelyHàlanḤālanLazeromNa‘ahMyrrh gumLobànLubānTlahasTlahasMyrrh treeLeben—MogherateEmiïduKneeRukbah—BarkBerkLameA‘rag‘AragTibereGushelTo laughḌaḥikQaḥqaḥIstahalkN‘dlahakLaughterḌiḥkḌiḥkEthelhalkEntlahakLegSaḳSāqTharemIhlopLeperAbraṣIbrāṣB‘hohgBehehokLiftUrfa—UrfahDza(minha)Like (same as)Mitl-shibhMit̲h̲lIzdahToàhaLionAsād; plural, usoŭdAsadGailar(No word, because they say 'we none in Sokotra')To dwellSakanSakanNehamel EntowelboumN‘zohn hennaLungsRiahRi, ahGil‘t‘horiGehaMadMagnūnMagnūnHaiwālMankainaMankindBeni AdamBanī ĀdamBeni AdamMakuloka (cf. Makalaka, South Africa)MagicSihrSiḥrSaghirSahireNaked‘Aryán‘UryānHarket el binadEsoufai libinebenNapkinFòut̤aorFūt̤ahFaut̤hFoutahFotereNeck‘Unk-Raḳabah‘Unq RaqabahGhotiRokobaNeedleIbrah; plural, ubàrIbrahMakaiteMakiteNobleSharìfS̲h̲arìfSharifSharìfNoiseṢautṢautAroumekinorSautMetdelhinorTa‘ad‘hinNoneLâ aḥadLā aḥadHadelabunBalhehNoseAnf, manakhìr, khoshimAnfNakarinyaNahareHurryIshtagil—DeghodumDenoferA quarterRub‘Rub‘ErbeitTömanBone‘Azm‘AzmAthailSahillaFeatherRīshah—ThlufNefereriQuiltLahàfLiḥāfGuderiMiskalLambArnaborErneb—Arnab(They have no word)RatGard‘homGurd̲h̲umGihreitZadahinRuinedKharàbK̲h̲arābKhaiobKharbeniPurse, bag, pocketGaiborKiesGaib, jaibKiesKiesIdleKeslānKaslānFohselAghizdèDo your work,orMind your own businessAmel Shuglak‘Aml shug̲h̲lakAmal hagil de feleneTenofar dishberiBookKitābKitābNektibInkotubWritingMektūbMaktūbBerklubBerklubHoney‘Asal‘AsalAssalAssalBehindWàraWarāManghirekMinherrinBitterMurrMurraHermetAjhiWieldingArouz‘UrsArouzArouzButLākinLākinLakinYakaïtaCaravanKàfilaQāfilahShikfilèlaBeghishekfilLoadHumlḤamlHamulHamulBeginIbtida‘IbtidāBedihnBedehnKitchenMūt̤būkhMat̤bak̲h̲MutabukhMulbaktBirdDik—DikDikDigHafar—Nehamel hafereNehafarRestRahah—RahahTareharhinnahaDoctorḤakimḤakīm——CupFinjān KūbayetFinjānFinjan KūbàyetFinjan KūbàyetSkinGildGild, jildGeldGeldEggsBeid̤, DegadeBaid̤DegagheDegagheNeverAbadan—AbadànAbadànStreamGhail—DihibThlabPaperWarakWaraqWerkartWarrakaSitGhisel Gitez—TowelTsallehDryNashifNas̲h̲s̲h̲afDeharTerahatReadKaràQarāKtubKtebScarceNādirNādirKalèdKhlahrohbRoastShawaShawaHamtiwiTèRobSarakSaraqHirrikSeirekRoomOḍaOḍahHodHodRoundḤaulḤaulHagìrHaghiaRootAṣlAṣlAsaliAslRunRakaḍRakaḍHouehTshàRipeMustawiMustawiMushtawiMushlawiSealK̲h̲atīmK̲h̲atamKhatiniHoulehRichesMal—MolshèInoshiniaReapḤaṣadḤaṣadHazadHazdBeatD̤arabaD̤arabaL‘bediToghìNutBrandouk—BrandoukBrandoukObeyAt̤aAt̤a‘AtawaNaddubOrderAmrAmrAmrAmarOld woman‘Agouz‘AgūzahAgouzKhlibipOrnamentZenaZīnatGitTcheraOwlBoumBūmTlarhitinTlarhitenCastleorpalaceKaṣrQasrḤazạr ed DowletHăzar SādahanPalm of the handKaf-fusaKaffDehòteDehòPardonG̲h̲afarG̲h̲afarNetur min el habsBeligiter min el habsA littleShwayaShuwaiyahMustedEinoshedèheWhere is the townFein el BeledFi ain al baladHoddehabed del FelaniHodde beladPeopleNāsNāsHaboaHohafonHeadRāsRāsRasRasBloodDam——MusailoDisordered bloodDam Kholeil—DouriDurrPenKalamQalamKalamKalamAngerG̲h̲adabG̲h̲adabGhatitaliHetterhinhiPayWaffaWafạ̄WoffehinkiWaffiePepperFilfilFilfilFilfilTiflfarloPerfume‘It̤r‘It̤rAttarHalPerspireArak‘AriqDeanghalenIkimenPinDabbūsDabbūsDabousDabousPlagueTa‘ūnT̤ā‘ūnDuinhaufal EikeoEiked OuìhafelUglyBa‘in—BehimetBehimahPlantNabātNabatNebhatNebout

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