Academies,238,243Actors,242Agriculture,167et seq.Alfonso XII.,28,104,144,268,273Alfonso XIII.,98,272Amadeo, King,143American War,192et seq.Amusements,111et seq.Andaluces,33Andalucia,33Apostolic party,9Aragon,29Army,183et seq.Art,236et seq.Artillery,187Artistic furniture,176Arts and crafts,175,176Asturian nurses,27Asturias,26Asturias, Princess of,103,219Austrian kings,15,21,22Autos-da-fé,18,200,201Bankof Spain,265Barcelona,266Basque Provinces,26,27,188Basques,28Beggars,226Berwick y Alva, Duke of,184Bilbao,11,161,177,178,266Boletin de la Cámara de Comercio,163,265Bueyes,28Bull-fighters,126et seq.Bulls,95et seq.Bureaucracy,148,156Cabestros,95Caciqueism,145,148et seq.Cæsars, Spanish,11,12Camarilla,6Campoamor,61Cánovas del Castillo,136Capital,174,175Carlos, Don,7,9,10Carriages,88-90Casa de Campo,84,85Castelar,139et seq.Castellano,266Castile,31Castilians,11,25,32Catalans,25Cataluña,17,175,266Cats,79et seq.Cervantes,47,48Cervera, Admiral,47,190,193Cesantes,145-147Characteristics,38et seq.,260Charitable institutions,227Charles III.,22Charles V.,14Children,233Church, the,9,199Cigar industry,177Clerical question,21,221,272Climate of Madrid,65et seq.Climates of Spain,167,170Cock-fighting,112Colonies,147Commerce,156et seq.Concas Palan,190Confessional,218,222,223Conscription,188Constitution,154Consumption,67,68Costume, national,78,79Courage,42et seq.Court,97et seq.Cristina, Queen,9,98Cuba,147,195Danceand song,113et seq.Dances, modern,58,59Dances, national,112et seq.Dances, religious,208Daoiz y Valarde,46Democratic feeling,6,39Dignity,38Donkeys,90,92Dos de Mayo,45Drama, modern,209,240et seq.Dramas, religious,209-212Dress of Spanish women,62Echegaray,241Education,159,213Electra,219,242Electrical science,214Elephant and bull,126Emperors, Roman,12Empleomania,145,146,152Engineers,214Espinosa, Monteros de,102Estremadura,32Etiquette of Spanish Court,100et seq.Exports,177Factories,175,176,266Ferdinand and Isabella,5,13,15Ferdinand VII.,8,22Feriaof Seville,34Fertility of soil,73Fiestas,116,206Flowers,73Folklore,253et seq.Ford,51French influence,173Fuente Castellana,78Fueros,10,28,188Fuerosof Aragon,29Galaprocession,108,109Galdós,219,248Galicia,25,26Gallegos,26,87Games, national,111Gayangos,246Geographical features,178Gloriosa, La,10,262Goths,12,24Government,142et seq.Government, local,153Grandes of Spain,100Guitar,113,238Hippodrome,62Horse-racing,125Horses,91et seq.Iberianrejon,118Iberian unity,251Incas,18Independence, War of,45Industries,161,263et seq.Infantas,54,103,106Influence of the Press,129Inquisition,19,199,200,271Irrigated land,172Irrigation,171et seq.Isabel II.,6,53,107,207Isabel la Católica,5,8,15,29,270Jaime, Don,8Jota Aragonesa,114Jesuits,199,213,217,218,220et seq.,272Journalists,130King Alfonso XIII.,272,273Kings, Austrian,21,22Kings, Bourbon,8,22,118Labour,174Lace,165Lagartijo,122et seq.Land and people,1Land laws,173Landscape round Madrid,71,72Land value,172Language,266et seq.Literature, modern,246et seq.Madrazo,239,244Madrid, modern,77Madrid, old,77Mañana,52,74,195,197Manners,40Mantilla,79Manufactures,164,165,175et seq.Manzanares,83Marriage customs,229et seq.Medical science,215Meetings, political,138Mendizábal,9,23Metal work,176Military system,183et seq.Mineral wealth,160et seq.Montpensier, Duke of,104et seq.Moors,17et seq.Mules,90,188,255Music,81,236Narvaez,249National feeling,184,185,193National games,31Navy,47,189et seq.Newspapers,132et seq.Nicknames,106Noche Buena,108Orders, religious,203,213,219,221,272Ostriches,85Outlook,260et seq.Oxen, draught,94Pacinghorses,90Painters,239et seq.Palace Royal,61Palaciö,23Pardo Bazan,251Pardo, el,85Parque de Madrid,71Pasos,210Passion plays,209,212Pavía,140Pavo, pelando el,230Peasants,24et seq.Pelayo,61Pelota,31,111People,38et seq.Philip II.,16,202,271Pigs,166,167Poetry,114,268Politeness, national,39,40,51,52Political parties,7,134et seq.Politicians,50,135Pollosandpollas,88,89Ports and harbours,178Pottery,175,176Poverty,226Press,129et seq.Priesthood,199,218Prim,142-144Procrastination,52Productive land,172Pronunciamientos,144,145,147,186Protestants,216Pyrenees,25,30Queen Cristina,97,98,103Queen Mercédes,97,106Quemadero,20,201Quijote, Don,48Quixotic characteristics,48Race,24Railways,157et seq.Regent,9,98,145Religion,37,109,198et seq.Republic,139,141Restoration,144Revolution,10,262Rice,161Riding,89Roads,180Roman Spain,11,12Romero Robledo,136,137Sagasta,151Sala,33Salic Law,8,9Schools,159,160Seises, los,208,209Sericulture,164Serrano,105Sheep, merino,32,166Shipping,178Silk manufactures,16,164Silvela,151Smoking,36,60Society,55et seq.Songs,33,81,82,114,238Songs and dancing,114Spanish-American War, I,192et seq.Sugar industry,168Superstitions popular,102,205,233Teatro Real,62Telegraphic system,181Terror of 1824,22Tertulia,56et seq.Theatres,62,116Tobacco,177Toledo,15Toothpicks,63Toreros,121Tribunal de las Aguas,34Universities,159Usted, de,98Valencia,34Valera, Juan,61Velo,79Verse-making,257Virgin,37,203Warof Independence,45et seq.War, Spanish-American,1,192et seq.Wars, Carlist,9Water, want of,169Wellington, Duke of,26Weyler, General,186Wines,162et seq.Women,53,62,229et seq.,249Wood-carving,176Woollen manufactures,164Working men,21,83,241,261Zarzuela,116Zorilla,122,252Zortico zorisco,115PORTUGUESE LIFEAgriculture,301,302Aloes,301Amanhã,280Amusements,296,302Army,298Artisan class,292Bacalhao,294Bargaining, love of,287Brazilian elements,287-291Bull-fighting,307et seq.Camoens,281Characteristics,278et seq.,284,285Charities,296Chula,296Cleanliness,289Coimbra,283Costumes,285,300Customs,285Dances,296Decorations and forms of address,289Fish,294Fish-girls,293Funerals,306Gallegos,292Gallenga,293Government, local,310Insects,290Institutions,298Intellectual life,281Landand people,277Language,283Laws,312Lisbon,281Londonderry, Lord,277Mannersand morality,289Medical training,288Military system,298Mineral wealth,281Moustachios, ladies',286Nationalfare,294Navy,299Newspapers,284Octroiduties,295Oporto,293Oxen,300PeninsularWar,277Police,311Postal service,284Prisons,313Religion,304,305et seq.Scenery,285Servants,290Society,286University,283Wages,292Wealth,292Wealth, mineral,281Women,285,287,307