chafar), taken back, disappointed.chalán,m., trader, dealer (in live stock).chaleco,m., vest, waistcoat.chancla,f., heelless shoe (orslipper).chaparrón,m., shower.chaquetón,m.(aug. ofchaqueta), heavy jacket.charco,m., pool.charlar, to chatter.chasco,m., disappointment, failure.chasquido,m., cracking, crackling.chato -a, flat.chico -a, little, small;m. and f., child, small boy, small girl.chillar, to shriek.chimenea,f., chimney, fireplace.chiquillo -a(dim. ofchico), little (one), little child.chiquitín,-ina,m. and f.(dim. ofchiquito,which is in turn a dim. ofchico), little boy, little girl, baby.chiquito -a(dim. ofchico), (very) small.chispa,f., spark;echar chispas, to be very angry (lit., to throw off sparks).chocar (con), to strike (against).chocho -a, in one's dotage.Chonchita,f.(prop. noun: seeAsunción).chorrear, to drip.choza,f., hut.chupar, to suck (at).chuscada,f., buffoonery.DD.,Da.,=don,doña.dadivoso -a, generous, liberal.dama,f., lady, dame.damisela,f., young lady, damsel.danza,f., dance.danzar, to dance.daño,m., damage, harm;con daño, to his harm.dar, to give, strike, ring;dar á, to overlook, open upon;darse á, to give one's self up to, devote one's self to;dar contra, to strike (orhit) against;dar cuerda, to wind up;dar de comer, to give something to eat to, feed;dar pasos, to take steps;darse por vencido, to give up.de, of, from, as, than;más (menos) de, more (less) than.debajo,debajo de, under, beneath;por debajo, at the bottom.deber,m., duty.deber, to owe, must, ought;deber de, ought, must;yo debiera, I should, I ought to.débil, weak.debilidad,f., weakness, debility.decente, becoming, comfortable.decidir, to decide (to);decidirse á, to decide (to).décimo -a, tenth;echar un décimo, to take one-tenth of a lottery ticket.decir, to say, tell, talk, speak;es decir, that is to say;querer decir, to mean;mejor dicho, rather.decisión,f., decision.declarar, to declare;declararse, to make a proposal (of marriage).declive,m., slope, declivity;en declive, sloping.dedicar, to dedicate, devote.dedo,m., finger, finger's breadth;dedo de pie, toe;por los dedos, on one's fingers.deducir, to deduce, infer.defender (ie), to defend.defensor,-ora,m. and f., defender.deforme, deformed, misshapen.dehesa,f., pasture-land, pasture.dejar, to leave, let, let go, let down, cease;dejarse, to leave behind;dejar de, to leave off, cease;no(orni)dejar de, not to fail to.del=de+el.delante, before, in front;delante de,por delante de, before, in front of.delectación,f., delight.deleitable, delightful.deleite,m., delight.delgado -a, thin, slim, delicate.delicadeza,f., delicate feelings.delicado -a, delicate, soft.delicioso -a, delightful, delicious.delirante, wild, delirious.delirar (por), to be eager (to).demandante,m., solicitor of alms.demandar, to ask.demás, rest, other(s).demasiado, too, too much.demonio,m., demon, devil.denominar, to name, call.dentro, inside, within;dentro de, inside of, within;por dentro, within.denuncia,f., accusation, denunciation.departamento,m., compartment (of a railway coach: in Europe the passenger coach is divided into several separate compartments, each of which has its outside doors).dependiente,m., servant, clerk (in a shop).derecho -a, right, straight;á la derecha, on the right (hand).derecho, straight.derramar, to pour out, shed, scatter.derredor,m., circuit;en derredor suyo, about him.derretirse (i), to melt.derribar, to strike, throw down.derrito,-es,-e,etc.,pres. ind. ofderretir.desabrochar, to unbutton.desafiar, to defy, oppose.desaforado -a, tremendous.desahogar, to ease, relieve.desahogo,m., comfort, freedom from care.desaliento,m., discouragement, dejection.desaliño,m., carelessness, negligence.desapacible, discordant, unpleasant.desaparecer, to disappear, leave.desatar, to untie, loosen;desatarse en, to pour out.desatino,m., nonsense.desbocarse, to run away.descalzo -a, barefoot.descansar, to rest, lie.descanso,m., rest.descarnado -a(past part. ofdescarnar), fleshless.descastado -a, showing little affection to whom it is due;más descastado, least affectionate, most dishonorable.descender (ie), to come down, descend.descolgar (ue), to take down, unfasten.descomponer, to disarrange, startle, frighten.descompuse,-iste,-o,etc.,pret. ind. ofdescomponer.descomunal, monstruous, uncommonly large.desconocer, to be ignorant of.desconocido -a(past part. ofdesconocer), unknown.descorazonar, to dishearten.describir, to describe.descripción,f., description.descubierto -a(past part. ofdescubrir), uncovered;á descubierto, in the open, without protection.descubrir, to make out, disclose, discover;descubrirse, to appear, take off one's hat, uncover.descuidado -a(past part. ofdescuidar), unprepared, off one's guard.descuidar, to neglect, overlook;descuide usted, don't worry, make yourself easy.desde, from, since, for;desde que, since;desde aquel día, from that day on;desde entonces, since then, after that.desdén,m., disdain.desdeñoso -a, disdainful.desdicha,f., misfortune, unhappiness.desdichado -a, unhappy, unfortunate.desear, to desire.desechar, to throw off.desempedrar, to tear up the pavement, run swiftly.desengañarse, to be disillusioned, lose hope.desentonado -a(past part. ofdesentonar), discordant.desenvainar, to unsheathe, pull out.deseo,m., wish, desire;tener deseos, to have a desire, desire.desesperación,f., despair, desperation;con desesperación, in despair, desperately.desesperadamente, desperately.desesperado -a(past part. ofdesesperar), desperate.desfallecido -a(past part. ofdesfallecer), fainting.desfilar, to file by, march by.desgarrador,-ora, piercing.desgarrar, to claw, tear.desgracia,f., misfortune, adversity.desgraciado -a(past part. ofdesgraciar), unfortunate.desgreñado -a(past part. ofdesgreñar), with disheveled hair.deshacer, to undo, break off;deshacerse, to fade away, disappear;deshacerse de, to be rid of, dispose of.deshizo,pret. ind., 3d pers. sing., ofdeshacer.deshojar, to strip off the leaves (orpetals), pluck to pieces.desierto,m., desert.desierto -a, deserted.designar, to point out, designate.deslizar, to slip, slide;deslizarse, to glide, slip (away), skip (off).deslumbrar, to dazzle (the eyes), be glaring, confuse.desmayarse, to faint.desmedido -a(past part. ofdesmedirse), excessive.desnudarse, to undress.desnudo -a, bare, without shade.desocupado -a(past part. ofdesocupar), unoccupied.desolar, to distress, grieve.desorden,m., disorder.despabilar, to arouse, awake.despacio, slowly.despachar, to sell, send.despacho,m., office, study.despachurrar, to crush.desparramar, to scatter, spill.despecho:á despecho de, in spite of.despedida,f., farewell.despedir (i), to emit, dismiss;despedirse, to take leave.despegar, to detach;despegar los labios, to open one's lips, speak.despeinado -a(past part. ofdespeinar), disheveled, uncombed.despensa,f., store room, pantry.despertar (ie), to arouse, awake;despertarse, to awake, wake up.despidiéndose,pres. part. ofdespedirse.despierto -a, awake.desplegar (ie), to display.desplomarse, to drop.despoblado -a(past part. ofdespoblar), uninhabited.despojar (de), to take off.despojos,m. plur., remains.desposada,f., bride.desposarse, to be wed.despótico -a, despotic.despreciable, worthless, despicable.desprecio,m., contempt.desprenderse, to fall from, tear one's self away.desprovisto -a(irr. past part. ofdesproveer), not provided;desprovisto de, lacking, without.después, after, afterward, then;después de,después que, after, since.desquitar, to get even, retaliate;desquitarse de, to get even with, make up for.destacar, to detach;destacarse de, to leave.destinar, to destine, choose;destinado á este fin, used for this purpose.destrozador,-ora, destructive, destroying.destruir, to destroy.desván,m., garret.desvanecido -a(past part. ofdesvanecer), fainting, in a swoon.desvelo,m., watchfulness.desvergonzado -a(past part. ofdesvergonzar), impudent;cara de desvergonzado, an impudent look.detalle,m., detail.detención,f., delay, careful attention.detener, to detain, hold back, stop;detenerse, to stop.detienes,pres. ind., 2d pers. sing., ofdetener.detrás, behind;detrás de,por detrás de, behind, in the rear of.detuve,-iste,-o,etc.,pret. ind. ofdetener.devoción,f., devotion.devolver (ue), to give back, return, restore.devorar, to devour.di,imperat. sing. ofdecir.dí,diste,dió,etc.,pret. ind. ofdar.día,m., day;al día, on the day;de día, in the day-time;hoy día, nowadays;ocho días, a week;quince días, a fortnight;todos los días, every day.diablo,m., devil.diabólico -a, diabolic.diálogo,m., dialogue.diamante,m., diamond.diariamente, daily.diario -a, daily;catorce reales diarios, fourteen "reals" (seventy cents) a day.dices,-e:seedigo.diciembre,m., December.diciendo,pres. part. ofdecir.dictar, to dictate.dicha,f., good fortune, happiness.dicho -a,past part. ofdecir;mejor dicho, or rather.dichoso -a, fortunate, happy.diente,m., tooth;entre dientes, in a low voice, between one's teeth.diestro -a, skilful.diez, ten.diez y seis(ordieciséis), sixteen.diez y siete(ordiecisiete), seventeen.difícil, difficult.dificultad,f., difficulty.difunto -a, deceased, dead.diga,digas,etc.,pres. subj. ofdecir.dignarse, to deign.dignidad,f., dignity, honor.digno -a, worthy, competent.digo,dices,dice,etc.,pres. ind. ofdecir.dije,dijiste,dijo,etc.,pret. ind. ofdecir.dilatarse, to spread, swell.diluvio,m., deluge, flood.dime y direte, bargaining (lit., "tell me and I will tell you").dinero,m., money;dineros,plur., money.dió:seedí.Dios,m., God;¡por Dios!or¡vive Dios!for God's sake!;¡Dios mío!Heavens!;¡con Dios!¡vaya usted con Dios!God be with you! good-bye!diré,dirás,etc.,fut. ind. ofdecir.dirección,f., direction;con dirección á,oren dirección á, in the direction of.directo -a, direct;billete directo, through ticket.direte:seedime.dirigir, to direct, cast, address;dirigirse, to be directed toward, go toward;dirigir la palabra, to say a word.disciplina,f., discipline.disco,m., disk.discreto -a, sensible, discreet.discurrir, to discuss;discurrir sobre si, to discuss whether.discurso,m., speech, discourse.discusión,f., discussion.discutir, to discuss.disfrazar (de), to disguise (as).disfrutar, to enjoy.disgustar, to annoy, vex.disgusto,m., sorrow.disimulado -a(past part. ofdisimular), dissembling;menos disimulado, more open, franker.disimular, to dissimulate, conceal.disimulo,m., dissimulation, pretense;con disimulo, under some pretext, while pretending not to do so.disparado -a(past part. ofdisparar), hurried, shot out of a gun.disparar, to shoot, fire, let fly.disparatado -a(past part. ofdisparatar), ridiculous.disparates,m. plur., nonsense.dispensar, to grant, excuse;¡dispensa!¡dispense usted!excuse me!dispersarse, to disperse.disponer, to arrange, command;disponerse, to prepare, get ready.dispuesto -a(past part. ofdisponer), disposed, ready;dispuesto para, ready to.dispuse,-iste,-o,etc.,pret. ind. ofdisponer.disputa,f., argument, dispute.disputar, to quarrel, dispute.distancia,f., distance.distinguir, to distinguish.distintamente, distinctly.distinto -a, different, distinct.distraer, to distract, drive away;con ojos distraídos, with distracted gaze.distribuir, to give out, distribute.diván,m., sofa, divan.diverso -a, different, sundry.divertir (ie), to amuse;divertirse (en), to have a good time (at), amuse one's self (by).dividir, to divide.divierto,-es,-e,etc.,pres. ind. ofdivertir.divino -a, divine.divisar, to perceive, make out.división,f., division, compartment, room.doblar, to bend, bow.doce, twelve.docena,f., dozen.dócil, obedient, docile.docilidad,f., docility;su docilidad, how he obeys.doler (ue), to ache.doliente, suffering.dolor,m., pain, sorrow.doloroso -a, of pain.domar, to tame, subdue.doméstico -a,m. and f., domestic, servant.doméstico -a, domestic.domiciliar, to house, domicile.dominar, to control, subdue, rule, overlook, dominate.domingo,m., Sunday.don,doña,m. and f., Mr., Mrs. (used only before the Christian name).don,m., gift.doncella,f., maid.donde(interrog.,dónde), where, in which;á donde, where, whither;de donde, from which, whence;¿por dónde (se) va?how does (one) go? in what direction is it going?doña:seedon.dorado -a(past part. ofdorar), golden.dormido -a(past part. ofdormir), asleep.dormir (ue), to sleep;dormirse, to sleep, fall asleep.dormitorio,m., sleeping-room, bedroom.dos, two;los dos, both.dosel,m., canopy (covering fixed over a sacred object).dotar (de), to endow (with), give.doy,das,da,etc.,pres. ind. ofdar.drama,m., drama.dril,m., drilling (of cotton or linen).duda,f., doubt;poner en duda, to doubt.dudar (de), to doubt, hesitate.dudoso -a, doubtful.dueño -a,m. and f., master, mistress, owner.duermo,-es,-e,etc.,pres. ind. ofdormir.dulce, sweet, gentle.dulcemente, gently, softly, sweetly.dulcísimo -a(fromdulce), sweetest.dulzura,f., sweetness, gentleness.duplicado,m., duplicate.duque,m., duke.durante, during, for.durar, to last.dureza,f., hardness;con dureza, severely.durmió,pret. ind., 3d pers. sing., ofdormir.duro,m., silver five-pesetapiece, dollar.duro -a, hard.Eé(used only beforeiorhi), and.¡ea!hey! hey there! come!eco,m., echo.economía,f., economy.echadura,f., brood, hatching.echar, to toss, throw, cast out, play;echarse, to throw one's self down, lie down;echar(se) á, to set out to, begin;echar á vuelo, to turn loose, ring furiously;echar carnes, to put on flesh, grow stout;echar de menos, to miss;echar pie á tierra, to dismount;echar un décimo, to take one-tenth of a lottery ticket.edad,f., age;mayor edad, majority.Edén,m.(prop. noun), Eden.edificio,m., structure, building.educación,f., education, training, politeness.educar, to bring up, educate.efectivamente, in fact.efecto,m., effect;en efecto, in fact.Egipto,m., Egypt.ejecutar, to execute, perform.ejemplar,m., specimen.ejemplar, exemplary, model.ejemplo,m., example.ejército,m., army.el,la,lo,los,las, the;el(la,etc.)de, that of, the one of;el(la,etc.)que, he (she,etc.) who, the one who.él,ella,ello, he, she, it;ellos,ellas, they; (after a preposition) him, her, it, them.elefante,m., elephant.elegancia,f., elegance.elegante, elegant.elevación,f., elevation.elevado -a(past part. ofelevar), lofty.elevar, to raise;elevarse, to rise.elocuencia,f., eloquence.ella,ellas,ello,ellos:seeél.embalsamar, to perfume, make balmy.embargar, to impede, overcome (by emotion).embargo:sin embargo, nevertheless;sin embargo de que, in spite of the fact that, although.embelesar, to fascinate, delight.embellecer, to beautify, embellish.embravecer, to agitate, swell.embustero -a,m. and f., liar.Emilia,f., (prop. noun), Emily.emoción,f., emotion.empalidecer, to grow pale, become pale.empapar, to soak.emparrado,m., grape arbor.empecé,pret. ind., 1st pers. sing., ofempezar.empedrado -a(past part. ofempedrar), paved with stone.empellón,m., shove.empeñar, to pawn;empeñarse(en que), to insist (that);llevar á empeñar, to pawn.empeorarse, to get worse.empero, however.empezar (ie), to begin.empiezo,-as,-a,pres. ind. ofempezar.empinado -a(past part. ofempinar), steep.empinarse, to stand on tip-toe, rear up against (as a beast).empleado -a,m. and f., servant, employee.emprender, to undertake, take;emprender á palos, to come to blows.empresa,f., undertaking.empujón,m., shove.empuñadura,f., hilt.en, in, on, upon, after (with present participle).enamorado -a(past part. ofenamorar), in love;enamorado de, in love with, delighted with.enamorado,m., lover.enarbolar, to raise (a stick, staff, etc.).encajar, to close tightly;encajarse, to shut one's self up, to pack one's self away.encaminarse, to make one's way.encantador,-ora, charming.encantar, to enchant, charm, delight.encanto,m., charm, enchantment.encaramarse, to rise.encararse con, to face.encargado -a(past part. ofencargar), (one) in charge.encargar, to charge, order;encargar (de), to charge (with);encargarse (de), to take charge (of), to undertake (to).encargo,m., charge, commission;por encargo de, at the request of.encender (ie), to light.encerrar (ie), to enclose, shut in, include, contain.enciendo,-es,-e,etc.,pres. ind. ofencender.encierro,m., confinement.encima, above, over;encima de, over, upon;por encima de, over;de encima, above, overhead.encina,f., oak.enclavar, to nail down;enclavado, rooted.encoger, to shrink;encogerse, to shrink up, retire;encogerse de hombros, to shrug one's shoulders.encontradizo -a, (one) whom he met.encontrar (ue), to meet, find.encorvarse, to stoop.encuentre,-es,-e(pres. subj. ofencontrar), (may) find.encuentro,m., meeting.endeble, weak, fragile.endemoniado -a(past part. ofendemoniar), devilish.endriago,m., monster (any one of several fabulous monsters, with the features of man or beast).endurecer(se), to become hard.enebro,m., juniper.enemigo -a,m. and f., enemy.energía,f., energy.enérgicamente, forcibly, energetically.enérgico -a, vigorous, energetic.enero,m., January.enfadado -a(past part. ofenfadar), angry.enfadarse, to be angry, get angry.énfasis,m. or f., emphasis.enfermar, to fall ill.enfermedad,f., illness, sickness.enfermero -a,m. and f., nurse.enfermito -a,m. and f.(dim. ofenfermo), little invalid.enfermizo -a, sickly.enfermo -a, ill, sick.enfrente de, in front of, opposite;de enfrente, opposite, across the street.engañar, to deceive, fool.engreir, to make vain.enigmático -a, enigmatical, puzzling.enjambre,m., swarm.enjugar, to wipe, wipe away.enlace,m., union.enlutado -a(past part. ofenlutar), in mourning.enmendar (ie), to correct.enojar, to vex, annoy;enojarse, to become angry.enojo,m., vexation, anger.enojoso -a, vexatious.enorme, enormous.enormemente, enormously.enramada,f., boughs, bower;enramadas,plur., interlaced boughs (orbranches).enredador,-ora, entangling, troublesome.enredar(se), to wind around.Enrique,m.(prop. noun), Henry.ensalzar, to extol, praise.ensanchar, to widen.ensangrentado -a(past part. ofensangrentar), bloody.ensayar, to try, practise.enseñar, to show, teach.enseres,m. plur., chattels, implements, tools.entender (ie), to understand;entenderse, to understand one another, come to an agreement, agree;entender de, to be familiar with, know about.entendimiento,m., understanding, intelligence.enterar (de), to inform (of), acquaint (with).enternecer, to move, affect.enternecimiento,m., compassion.entero -a, whole, entire.enterrar (ie), to bury.entiendo,-es,-e,etc.,pres. ind. ofentender.entierro,m., burial.entonar, to sing, chant, intone.entonces, then;desde entonces, since then, after that.entrada,f., entrance.entrar (en), to enter, go in.entre, between, among, amidst, in;por entre, into, among.entreabierto -a(past part. ofentreabrir), smiling, half-opened.entrecortado -a(past part. ofentrecortar), broken.entrega,f., transfer.entregar, to give over (orup), hand out, deliver.entrelazar, to interlace, intertwine.entretanto, in the meanwhile.entretener, to amuse, occupy;entretenerse, to amuse one's self, tarry;entretener el tiempo, to pass the time.entristecer, to sadden, make gloomy.entusiasmo,m., enthusiasm.enviado -a,m. and f., messenger, envoy.enviar, to send.envidia, f., envy.envidiar, to envy.envolver (ue), to wrap up, cover, envelope;envolverse en, to be wrapped in, be covered with.envuelto -a,past part. ofenvolver.época,f., time, epoch.equipaje,m., luggage.equivaler, to be equivalent to.equivocarse, to be mistaken.era,eras,etc.,imp. ind. ofser.eres,es:seesoy.erguido -a(past part. oferguir), erect.erguir (iorye), to straighten up, stiffen up.erisipela,f., erysipelas.erizar, to make stand on end;erizarse, to stand on end.ermita,f., hermitage.Ernesto,m.(prop. noun), Ernest.errar(yerro,etc.), to err, wander.error,m., mistake, error.es:seesoy.escabel,m., low pedestal.escalar, to scale, climb upon.escalera,f., stair-case, stairs, ladder;escalera abajo, downstairs.escalón,m., step, terrace.escalonarse, to rise in terraces.escapar(se), to get away, escape.escape:á escape, at full speed.escarbar, to scratch, dig.escasísimo -a(fromescaso), very scanty, very limited.escena,f., scene.escepticismo,m., skepticism.esclavo -a, slave.esconder(se), to hide.escondite,m., hiding-place, (game of) "hide and seek."escondrijo,m., hiding-place.escopeta,f., shot-gun.Escorial,m.(prop. noun), Escurial (a small town, about 25 miles to the northwest of Madrid, where is the celebrated palace of the Escurial).escribir, to write.escrito -a,past part. ofescribir.escuchar, to listen (to), hear.escudo,m., shield.ese -a -o, that (referring to persons,eseimplies contempt);ése -a, that one;á eso de, at about;por eso, therefore, on that account.esencia,f., essence;esencias,plur., essences, fragrance.esfuerzo,m., effort.esgrimir, to fence, use vigorously.esmeradamente, with great care.esmero,m., care, niceness.eso:seeese.espacio,m., space.espada,f., sword.espalda,f., back;espaldas,plur., back;á sus espaldas, behind him.espantar, to frighten, drive away;espantado de, alarmed at.espantoso -a, frightful.España,f.(prop. noun), Spain;las Españas, Spain (so called, since there were formerly several kingdoms in Spain).esparcir, to scatter, send forth.especial, especial, peculiar.especialmente, especially.especie,f., species, sort.espectador,-ora,m. and f., spectator.espejo,m., looking-glass, mirror.esperanza,f., hope.esperar, to expect, await, hope.espesar,m., thicket.espeso -a, thick, dense, heavy.espesor,m., thickness.espiar, to spy, watch.espino,m., hawthorn.espíritu,m., spirit;Espíritu Santo, Holy Ghost.esponja,f., sponge.esposo -a,m. and f., husband, wife;esposos,m. plur., husband and wife, married people.espuela,f., spur.espuerta,f., basket.esqueleto,m., skeleton.esquina,f., corner;hacer esquina á, to be at the corner of.establecer, to start, establish;establecerse, to go into business.establecimiento,m., shop, establishment.estación,f., railway station, season.estado,m., state, condition.estampa,f., engraving.estancarse, to stem the current, stop.estancia,f., room.estanque,m., pond.estar, to be, remain;estarse, to remain, stay;¿estamos?do you understand?estatua,f., statue.estatura,f., height, stature.este,m., east.este -a -o, this;éste -a, this one, the latter;en esto, at that moment, just then.Estefanía,f.(prop. noun), Stephana.estilo,m., style;por el estilo, of the sort, in the way.estimar, to value, esteem.estío,m., summer.estirar, to stretch (out);estirarse, to stretch.