[358]Paus. viii. 1. 2.[359]Rhet.[360]Hist. vi. 56, 8.[361]Minos 10.[362]Æsch. Suppl. 256.[363]Paus. viii. 2. 2.[364]Herod. ii. 56.[365]ii. 171.[366]i. 146.[367]vii. 94.[368]i. 56.[369]viii. 44.[370]ii. 52.[371]v. 64.[372]Thuc. i. 3.[373]Thuc. v. 109.[374]Theocr. Idyll. xv. 136-40.[375]Pind. Pyth. xi. 18. Soph. Aj. 285.[376]See inf. sect.viii.[377]Argonaut. i. 580, and Schol. Paris.[378]Strabo vii. p. 327.[379]Ibid. v. p. 221.[380]Ibid.[381]i. 17.[382]See however p.114above.[383]So theὀχετηγὸς ἀνὴρalready exists, as apart from the common labourer, in the time of Homer; Il. xxi. 257.[384]K. O. Müller, Orchomenos, 119-22.[385]Chap. iii.[386]Cramer’s Geogr. Ancient Greece, vol. i. p. 15.[387]The tradition that the Pelasgians were the original inhabitants of the Greek Peninsula appears to have been adopted into the literature of modern Greece. SeeΠετρίδης—Ἱστορία τῆς παλαίας Ἑλλάδος ἀπὸ τοὺς ἀρχαιοτάτους χρόνους, Κερκύρα, 1830, chap. i. p. 2. Also that Pelasgi and Hellenes were the two factors (μέρη) of the Greek nation. Ibid. p. 3.[388]Niebuhr, ibid.[389]Horæ Pelasg.ch. ii. p. 28.[390]Cramer’s Greece i. 17.[391]Antiq. Rom. i. 17, 18.[392]Horæ Pelasg.pp. 12-15.[393]Herod. ii. 54-7.[394]Od. iv. 83.[395]Ibid. xiv. 246-58, 290, 293-300.[396]Ibid. v. 442, 7, 8.[397]Perhaps the use of the wordἤπειροςfor mainland may suggest, that it is due to an insular people, who would appropriately describe a continent as the unlimited (land). It is derived fromαandπέρας, an end or stop; consider alsoπεράω, to pass over,ἀντιπέραια, Il. ii. 635, andπέρην ἱερῆς Εὐβοίης, ibid. 535.[398]See inf. sect.vi.[399]Inf. sect.vi.[400]Richard II., act ii., sc. 1.[401]Horæ Pelasg.ch. i. sub fin.[402]Clinton, Fast. Hell. i. p. 97.[403]Herod. i. 56.[404]Dion. Hal. i. 17.[405]Il. xvi. 235.[406]Ὄρνιθες, v. 1359.[407]Potter’s Antiq., b. i. ch. 26.[408]Horæ Pelasg.ch. i. p. 17.[409]See Hey’s Norrisian Lectures, vol. iii. p. 142.[410]Od. v. 335.[411]Ol. vii. 104; Persæ 427; Scott and Liddell inπέλαγος. I venture to suggestπελάζωas the root, and ‘accessible,’ ‘easily travelled,’ ‘open’ (compareεὐρυαγυῖα) as the meaning.[412]Strabo, p. 327, 331.[413]Orchomenos, p. 119 and n.[414]Thuc. i. 2.[415]Od. xi. 260.[416]Od. xi. 568.[417]Od. iv. 564.[418]Il. ii. 824; and xii. 19.[419]Od. iii. 320-2; and xiv. 257.[420]Od. xiv. 231, 243-8.[421]Od. xiv. 237; Il. xiv. 321.[422]Od. i. 105; ii. 180.[423]Od. i. 183.[424]Od. xv. 425.[425]Od. xv. 415.[426]See Wood on Homer, p. 48.[427]Od. xvii. 383.[428]Nägelsbach,Homerische Theologie80-3.[429]There were columns outside the doors, for example, of the palace of Ulysses in Ithaca. Od. xvii. 29. This construction of the metaphor would come nearly to the same point, by making it mean the doors of Ocean.[430]Hermann Opusc. vii. 253. Nägelsbach, ii. 9, note.[431]Blakesley’s Introduction to Herodotus, p. xiv.[432]Strabo iii. 2. 13, 14. pp. 149, 50.[433]Mure, Greek Literature, i. 510.[434]Il. xv. 630. xvii. 21. ii. 723.[435]Il. xxii. 15.[436]Il. iii. 365.[437]Od. xx. 201.[438]Il. xxiii. 439.[439]Od. i. 52 and x. 137.[440]Od. iv. 460.[441]Od. xvii. 248.[442]Od. iv. 410.[443]Od. x. 289.[444]As perhaps does Amphitrite, mentioned four times in the Odyssey, never in the Iliad.[445]I shall consider further the construction of Il. xiv. 321, as it bears on the connection of Minos with Phœnicia, in treating the subject of the Outer Geography.[446]Od. xv. 252, 3.[447]Od. x. 492.[448]Nägelsbach ii. 9.[449]See Studies on Religion, sect. iii.[450]I have given the accepted, and perhaps the more probable meaning; but the word is also well adapted to signify thetidalOcean. In the Mediterranean, as is well known, the tidal action is not perceived.[451]Thucyd. vi. 42, 44.[452]Od. xxiv. 304-8.[453]Od. xix. 172.[454]Od. xx. 383.[455]Od. xxiv. 211, 366, 389.[456]Il. ii. 857. Schönemann Geog. Hom. p. 31.[457]Od. xv. 426.[458]Cramer’s Italy, ii. pp. 354, 391.[459]Thucyd. vi. 2.[460]Dionys. i. 9.[461]Thuc. ibid.[462]Cramer’s Italy, ii. p. 2.[463]Od. xxiv. 309.[464]Od. xiv. 93.[465]Od. vi. 7-12.[466]Od. xiv. 293-359.[467]Od. xvi. 65. xvii. 525, and xix. 269-99.[468]Od. xvi. 424-30.[469]Od. xiv. 278-86.[470]Strabo vii. p. 324.[471]Herod. vii. 176.[472]Dion. Hal. i. 18.[473]Diod. Sic. v. 58.[474]Od. vi. 266.[475]260-5.[476]See inf. sect.viii.[477]Od. xix. 522.[478]Il. iv. 385, 388, 391. v. 804. 7. x. 208. xxiii. 680. Od. xi. 275.[479]ix. p. 401.[480]Fig. i. in Map.[481]Fig. ii. in Map.[482]Fig. iii. in Map.[483]ix. 5. p. 430.[484]Fig. iv. in Map.[485]Strabo ix. p. 435.[486]Ibid. p. 439.[487]Ibid. p. 442.[488]Thuc. i. 2.[489]Fig. v. in Map.[490]Od. i. 170,et alibi.[491]I am not prepared to contend that the numbers of the ships are to be taken as literally correct: but this subject will be discussed in conjunction with his general mode of using number, in the ‘Studies on Poetry,’ sect. iii.[492]Od. ii. 386.[493]The reasons for treating this as a coincidence will be found in a paper on Homer’s use of number. (Studies on Poetry, sect. iii.)[494]Herod. vii. 161.[495]Il. x. 434.[496]Od. xi. 521.[497]Lit. Greece, i. 39, note.[498]Il. x. 267.[499]Il. ii. 500.[500]Il. ii. 681.[501]Iliadpassim: and Od. iii. 182. iv. 9. and xi. 494.[502]Il. xvi. 171.[503]Il. xiii. 685-700.[504]Il. ii. 704, 727.[505]Il. ii. 530. 562. 684.[506]Thuc. i. 3.[507]Vid. inf. sect.viii.[508]Donaldson’s New Cratylus, p. 291.[509]It is not necessary to trace in this place, with precision, the various applications of the name Hellas, after the time of Homer. Stanley (on Æsch. Suppl. 263) states, that what I have termed Middle Greece was the Hellas of Ptolemy: that with Strabo the word includes most of the islands of the Ægean: and, finally, that it also came to include Asia Minor, and parts even of the African coast, as well as places elsewhere, which had been colonised by the Greek race. According to Cramer (Geogr. Greece, i. 2), at the epoch of the Peloponnesian war, Hellas meant everything south of the Peneus and the gulf of Ambracia. He considers that Herodotus also meant by it a portion of Thesprotia (Herod. ii. 56. viii. 47). It is interesting to observe how this domestic name, taken from the race which made Greece so great and famous, has retained its vitality through so many vicissitudes, and is now the national name of Greece, in opposition to that which was probably drawn from a Pelasgian source, and which, as proceeding from the Roman masters of the country, told its people the tale of their subjugation.[510]Il. xvi. 234.[511]Il. iii. 172.[512]I follow the acute and sagacious notes of Professor Malden to a valuable paper contributed by Mr. James Yates, during the year 1856, to the Philological Transactions: also Donaldson’s Cratylus, p. 120.[513]In loc. Cary’s Birds, p. 77.[514]See sect. x.[515]i. 89.[516]See Studies on the Theo-mythology of Homer.[517]Fasti, i. 39.[518]De Nat. Deor. ii. 27.[519]Liv. Hist. Rom. iv. 25, 29.[520]Exc. iv. ad Æn. vii. See Browne’s History of Roman Literature, chap. viii. p. 129, and chap. iii. p. 41. Also Dunlop’s Hist. Rom. Literature, vol. iii. p. 56.[521]See ‘The Trojans.’[522]Polyb. vi. 56, sect. 6-12.[523]Dionysius, b. ii. 18-21.[524]Id., b. viii. 38. See also Cic. Div. i. 2.[525]Smith’s Dict., Art. ‘Fasti.’[526]Acts xvii. 22.[527]Outram de Sacrif. b. i. ch. iv. sect. 3.[528]Exodus xi. 12-16, and Levit. viii. 1-13. 1 Sam. xvi. 2, &c. See Calmet’s Dict. Taylor’s Edition, 1838. Art. Priest.
[358]Paus. viii. 1. 2.
[358]Paus. viii. 1. 2.
[359]Rhet.
[359]Rhet.
[360]Hist. vi. 56, 8.
[360]Hist. vi. 56, 8.
[361]Minos 10.
[361]Minos 10.
[362]Æsch. Suppl. 256.
[362]Æsch. Suppl. 256.
[363]Paus. viii. 2. 2.
[363]Paus. viii. 2. 2.
[364]Herod. ii. 56.
[364]Herod. ii. 56.
[365]ii. 171.
[365]ii. 171.
[366]i. 146.
[366]i. 146.
[367]vii. 94.
[367]vii. 94.
[368]i. 56.
[368]i. 56.
[369]viii. 44.
[369]viii. 44.
[370]ii. 52.
[370]ii. 52.
[371]v. 64.
[371]v. 64.
[372]Thuc. i. 3.
[372]Thuc. i. 3.
[373]Thuc. v. 109.
[373]Thuc. v. 109.
[374]Theocr. Idyll. xv. 136-40.
[374]Theocr. Idyll. xv. 136-40.
[375]Pind. Pyth. xi. 18. Soph. Aj. 285.
[375]Pind. Pyth. xi. 18. Soph. Aj. 285.
[376]See inf. sect.viii.
[376]See inf. sect.viii.
[377]Argonaut. i. 580, and Schol. Paris.
[377]Argonaut. i. 580, and Schol. Paris.
[378]Strabo vii. p. 327.
[378]Strabo vii. p. 327.
[379]Ibid. v. p. 221.
[379]Ibid. v. p. 221.
[380]Ibid.
[380]Ibid.
[381]i. 17.
[381]i. 17.
[382]See however p.114above.
[382]See however p.114above.
[383]So theὀχετηγὸς ἀνὴρalready exists, as apart from the common labourer, in the time of Homer; Il. xxi. 257.
[383]So theὀχετηγὸς ἀνὴρalready exists, as apart from the common labourer, in the time of Homer; Il. xxi. 257.
[384]K. O. Müller, Orchomenos, 119-22.
[384]K. O. Müller, Orchomenos, 119-22.
[385]Chap. iii.
[385]Chap. iii.
[386]Cramer’s Geogr. Ancient Greece, vol. i. p. 15.
[386]Cramer’s Geogr. Ancient Greece, vol. i. p. 15.
[387]The tradition that the Pelasgians were the original inhabitants of the Greek Peninsula appears to have been adopted into the literature of modern Greece. SeeΠετρίδης—Ἱστορία τῆς παλαίας Ἑλλάδος ἀπὸ τοὺς ἀρχαιοτάτους χρόνους, Κερκύρα, 1830, chap. i. p. 2. Also that Pelasgi and Hellenes were the two factors (μέρη) of the Greek nation. Ibid. p. 3.
[387]The tradition that the Pelasgians were the original inhabitants of the Greek Peninsula appears to have been adopted into the literature of modern Greece. SeeΠετρίδης—Ἱστορία τῆς παλαίας Ἑλλάδος ἀπὸ τοὺς ἀρχαιοτάτους χρόνους, Κερκύρα, 1830, chap. i. p. 2. Also that Pelasgi and Hellenes were the two factors (μέρη) of the Greek nation. Ibid. p. 3.
[388]Niebuhr, ibid.
[388]Niebuhr, ibid.
[389]Horæ Pelasg.ch. ii. p. 28.
[389]Horæ Pelasg.ch. ii. p. 28.
[390]Cramer’s Greece i. 17.
[390]Cramer’s Greece i. 17.
[391]Antiq. Rom. i. 17, 18.
[391]Antiq. Rom. i. 17, 18.
[392]Horæ Pelasg.pp. 12-15.
[392]Horæ Pelasg.pp. 12-15.
[393]Herod. ii. 54-7.
[393]Herod. ii. 54-7.
[394]Od. iv. 83.
[394]Od. iv. 83.
[395]Ibid. xiv. 246-58, 290, 293-300.
[395]Ibid. xiv. 246-58, 290, 293-300.
[396]Ibid. v. 442, 7, 8.
[396]Ibid. v. 442, 7, 8.
[397]Perhaps the use of the wordἤπειροςfor mainland may suggest, that it is due to an insular people, who would appropriately describe a continent as the unlimited (land). It is derived fromαandπέρας, an end or stop; consider alsoπεράω, to pass over,ἀντιπέραια, Il. ii. 635, andπέρην ἱερῆς Εὐβοίης, ibid. 535.
[397]Perhaps the use of the wordἤπειροςfor mainland may suggest, that it is due to an insular people, who would appropriately describe a continent as the unlimited (land). It is derived fromαandπέρας, an end or stop; consider alsoπεράω, to pass over,ἀντιπέραια, Il. ii. 635, andπέρην ἱερῆς Εὐβοίης, ibid. 535.
[398]See inf. sect.vi.
[398]See inf. sect.vi.
[399]Inf. sect.vi.
[399]Inf. sect.vi.
[400]Richard II., act ii., sc. 1.
[400]Richard II., act ii., sc. 1.
[401]Horæ Pelasg.ch. i. sub fin.
[401]Horæ Pelasg.ch. i. sub fin.
[402]Clinton, Fast. Hell. i. p. 97.
[402]Clinton, Fast. Hell. i. p. 97.
[403]Herod. i. 56.
[403]Herod. i. 56.
[404]Dion. Hal. i. 17.
[404]Dion. Hal. i. 17.
[405]Il. xvi. 235.
[405]Il. xvi. 235.
[406]Ὄρνιθες, v. 1359.
[406]Ὄρνιθες, v. 1359.
[407]Potter’s Antiq., b. i. ch. 26.
[407]Potter’s Antiq., b. i. ch. 26.
[408]Horæ Pelasg.ch. i. p. 17.
[408]Horæ Pelasg.ch. i. p. 17.
[409]See Hey’s Norrisian Lectures, vol. iii. p. 142.
[409]See Hey’s Norrisian Lectures, vol. iii. p. 142.
[410]Od. v. 335.
[410]Od. v. 335.
[411]Ol. vii. 104; Persæ 427; Scott and Liddell inπέλαγος. I venture to suggestπελάζωas the root, and ‘accessible,’ ‘easily travelled,’ ‘open’ (compareεὐρυαγυῖα) as the meaning.
[411]Ol. vii. 104; Persæ 427; Scott and Liddell inπέλαγος. I venture to suggestπελάζωas the root, and ‘accessible,’ ‘easily travelled,’ ‘open’ (compareεὐρυαγυῖα) as the meaning.
[412]Strabo, p. 327, 331.
[412]Strabo, p. 327, 331.
[413]Orchomenos, p. 119 and n.
[413]Orchomenos, p. 119 and n.
[414]Thuc. i. 2.
[414]Thuc. i. 2.
[415]Od. xi. 260.
[415]Od. xi. 260.
[416]Od. xi. 568.
[416]Od. xi. 568.
[417]Od. iv. 564.
[417]Od. iv. 564.
[418]Il. ii. 824; and xii. 19.
[418]Il. ii. 824; and xii. 19.
[419]Od. iii. 320-2; and xiv. 257.
[419]Od. iii. 320-2; and xiv. 257.
[420]Od. xiv. 231, 243-8.
[420]Od. xiv. 231, 243-8.
[421]Od. xiv. 237; Il. xiv. 321.
[421]Od. xiv. 237; Il. xiv. 321.
[422]Od. i. 105; ii. 180.
[422]Od. i. 105; ii. 180.
[423]Od. i. 183.
[423]Od. i. 183.
[424]Od. xv. 425.
[424]Od. xv. 425.
[425]Od. xv. 415.
[425]Od. xv. 415.
[426]See Wood on Homer, p. 48.
[426]See Wood on Homer, p. 48.
[427]Od. xvii. 383.
[427]Od. xvii. 383.
[428]Nägelsbach,Homerische Theologie80-3.
[428]Nägelsbach,Homerische Theologie80-3.
[429]There were columns outside the doors, for example, of the palace of Ulysses in Ithaca. Od. xvii. 29. This construction of the metaphor would come nearly to the same point, by making it mean the doors of Ocean.
[429]There were columns outside the doors, for example, of the palace of Ulysses in Ithaca. Od. xvii. 29. This construction of the metaphor would come nearly to the same point, by making it mean the doors of Ocean.
[430]Hermann Opusc. vii. 253. Nägelsbach, ii. 9, note.
[430]Hermann Opusc. vii. 253. Nägelsbach, ii. 9, note.
[431]Blakesley’s Introduction to Herodotus, p. xiv.
[431]Blakesley’s Introduction to Herodotus, p. xiv.
[432]Strabo iii. 2. 13, 14. pp. 149, 50.
[432]Strabo iii. 2. 13, 14. pp. 149, 50.
[433]Mure, Greek Literature, i. 510.
[433]Mure, Greek Literature, i. 510.
[434]Il. xv. 630. xvii. 21. ii. 723.
[434]Il. xv. 630. xvii. 21. ii. 723.
[435]Il. xxii. 15.
[435]Il. xxii. 15.
[436]Il. iii. 365.
[436]Il. iii. 365.
[437]Od. xx. 201.
[437]Od. xx. 201.
[438]Il. xxiii. 439.
[438]Il. xxiii. 439.
[439]Od. i. 52 and x. 137.
[439]Od. i. 52 and x. 137.
[440]Od. iv. 460.
[440]Od. iv. 460.
[441]Od. xvii. 248.
[441]Od. xvii. 248.
[442]Od. iv. 410.
[442]Od. iv. 410.
[443]Od. x. 289.
[443]Od. x. 289.
[444]As perhaps does Amphitrite, mentioned four times in the Odyssey, never in the Iliad.
[444]As perhaps does Amphitrite, mentioned four times in the Odyssey, never in the Iliad.
[445]I shall consider further the construction of Il. xiv. 321, as it bears on the connection of Minos with Phœnicia, in treating the subject of the Outer Geography.
[445]I shall consider further the construction of Il. xiv. 321, as it bears on the connection of Minos with Phœnicia, in treating the subject of the Outer Geography.
[446]Od. xv. 252, 3.
[446]Od. xv. 252, 3.
[447]Od. x. 492.
[447]Od. x. 492.
[448]Nägelsbach ii. 9.
[448]Nägelsbach ii. 9.
[449]See Studies on Religion, sect. iii.
[449]See Studies on Religion, sect. iii.
[450]I have given the accepted, and perhaps the more probable meaning; but the word is also well adapted to signify thetidalOcean. In the Mediterranean, as is well known, the tidal action is not perceived.
[450]I have given the accepted, and perhaps the more probable meaning; but the word is also well adapted to signify thetidalOcean. In the Mediterranean, as is well known, the tidal action is not perceived.
[451]Thucyd. vi. 42, 44.
[451]Thucyd. vi. 42, 44.
[452]Od. xxiv. 304-8.
[452]Od. xxiv. 304-8.
[453]Od. xix. 172.
[453]Od. xix. 172.
[454]Od. xx. 383.
[454]Od. xx. 383.
[455]Od. xxiv. 211, 366, 389.
[455]Od. xxiv. 211, 366, 389.
[456]Il. ii. 857. Schönemann Geog. Hom. p. 31.
[456]Il. ii. 857. Schönemann Geog. Hom. p. 31.
[457]Od. xv. 426.
[457]Od. xv. 426.
[458]Cramer’s Italy, ii. pp. 354, 391.
[458]Cramer’s Italy, ii. pp. 354, 391.
[459]Thucyd. vi. 2.
[459]Thucyd. vi. 2.
[460]Dionys. i. 9.
[460]Dionys. i. 9.
[461]Thuc. ibid.
[461]Thuc. ibid.
[462]Cramer’s Italy, ii. p. 2.
[462]Cramer’s Italy, ii. p. 2.
[463]Od. xxiv. 309.
[463]Od. xxiv. 309.
[464]Od. xiv. 93.
[464]Od. xiv. 93.
[465]Od. vi. 7-12.
[465]Od. vi. 7-12.
[466]Od. xiv. 293-359.
[466]Od. xiv. 293-359.
[467]Od. xvi. 65. xvii. 525, and xix. 269-99.
[467]Od. xvi. 65. xvii. 525, and xix. 269-99.
[468]Od. xvi. 424-30.
[468]Od. xvi. 424-30.
[469]Od. xiv. 278-86.
[469]Od. xiv. 278-86.
[470]Strabo vii. p. 324.
[470]Strabo vii. p. 324.
[471]Herod. vii. 176.
[471]Herod. vii. 176.
[472]Dion. Hal. i. 18.
[472]Dion. Hal. i. 18.
[473]Diod. Sic. v. 58.
[473]Diod. Sic. v. 58.
[474]Od. vi. 266.
[474]Od. vi. 266.
[475]260-5.
[475]260-5.
[476]See inf. sect.viii.
[476]See inf. sect.viii.
[477]Od. xix. 522.
[477]Od. xix. 522.
[478]Il. iv. 385, 388, 391. v. 804. 7. x. 208. xxiii. 680. Od. xi. 275.
[478]Il. iv. 385, 388, 391. v. 804. 7. x. 208. xxiii. 680. Od. xi. 275.
[479]ix. p. 401.
[479]ix. p. 401.
[480]Fig. i. in Map.
[480]Fig. i. in Map.
[481]Fig. ii. in Map.
[481]Fig. ii. in Map.
[482]Fig. iii. in Map.
[482]Fig. iii. in Map.
[483]ix. 5. p. 430.
[483]ix. 5. p. 430.
[484]Fig. iv. in Map.
[484]Fig. iv. in Map.
[485]Strabo ix. p. 435.
[485]Strabo ix. p. 435.
[486]Ibid. p. 439.
[486]Ibid. p. 439.
[487]Ibid. p. 442.
[487]Ibid. p. 442.
[488]Thuc. i. 2.
[488]Thuc. i. 2.
[489]Fig. v. in Map.
[489]Fig. v. in Map.
[490]Od. i. 170,et alibi.
[490]Od. i. 170,et alibi.
[491]I am not prepared to contend that the numbers of the ships are to be taken as literally correct: but this subject will be discussed in conjunction with his general mode of using number, in the ‘Studies on Poetry,’ sect. iii.
[491]I am not prepared to contend that the numbers of the ships are to be taken as literally correct: but this subject will be discussed in conjunction with his general mode of using number, in the ‘Studies on Poetry,’ sect. iii.
[492]Od. ii. 386.
[492]Od. ii. 386.
[493]The reasons for treating this as a coincidence will be found in a paper on Homer’s use of number. (Studies on Poetry, sect. iii.)
[493]The reasons for treating this as a coincidence will be found in a paper on Homer’s use of number. (Studies on Poetry, sect. iii.)
[494]Herod. vii. 161.
[494]Herod. vii. 161.
[495]Il. x. 434.
[495]Il. x. 434.
[496]Od. xi. 521.
[496]Od. xi. 521.
[497]Lit. Greece, i. 39, note.
[497]Lit. Greece, i. 39, note.
[498]Il. x. 267.
[498]Il. x. 267.
[499]Il. ii. 500.
[499]Il. ii. 500.
[500]Il. ii. 681.
[500]Il. ii. 681.
[501]Iliadpassim: and Od. iii. 182. iv. 9. and xi. 494.
[501]Iliadpassim: and Od. iii. 182. iv. 9. and xi. 494.
[502]Il. xvi. 171.
[502]Il. xvi. 171.
[503]Il. xiii. 685-700.
[503]Il. xiii. 685-700.
[504]Il. ii. 704, 727.
[504]Il. ii. 704, 727.
[505]Il. ii. 530. 562. 684.
[505]Il. ii. 530. 562. 684.
[506]Thuc. i. 3.
[506]Thuc. i. 3.
[507]Vid. inf. sect.viii.
[507]Vid. inf. sect.viii.
[508]Donaldson’s New Cratylus, p. 291.
[508]Donaldson’s New Cratylus, p. 291.
[509]It is not necessary to trace in this place, with precision, the various applications of the name Hellas, after the time of Homer. Stanley (on Æsch. Suppl. 263) states, that what I have termed Middle Greece was the Hellas of Ptolemy: that with Strabo the word includes most of the islands of the Ægean: and, finally, that it also came to include Asia Minor, and parts even of the African coast, as well as places elsewhere, which had been colonised by the Greek race. According to Cramer (Geogr. Greece, i. 2), at the epoch of the Peloponnesian war, Hellas meant everything south of the Peneus and the gulf of Ambracia. He considers that Herodotus also meant by it a portion of Thesprotia (Herod. ii. 56. viii. 47). It is interesting to observe how this domestic name, taken from the race which made Greece so great and famous, has retained its vitality through so many vicissitudes, and is now the national name of Greece, in opposition to that which was probably drawn from a Pelasgian source, and which, as proceeding from the Roman masters of the country, told its people the tale of their subjugation.
[509]It is not necessary to trace in this place, with precision, the various applications of the name Hellas, after the time of Homer. Stanley (on Æsch. Suppl. 263) states, that what I have termed Middle Greece was the Hellas of Ptolemy: that with Strabo the word includes most of the islands of the Ægean: and, finally, that it also came to include Asia Minor, and parts even of the African coast, as well as places elsewhere, which had been colonised by the Greek race. According to Cramer (Geogr. Greece, i. 2), at the epoch of the Peloponnesian war, Hellas meant everything south of the Peneus and the gulf of Ambracia. He considers that Herodotus also meant by it a portion of Thesprotia (Herod. ii. 56. viii. 47). It is interesting to observe how this domestic name, taken from the race which made Greece so great and famous, has retained its vitality through so many vicissitudes, and is now the national name of Greece, in opposition to that which was probably drawn from a Pelasgian source, and which, as proceeding from the Roman masters of the country, told its people the tale of their subjugation.
[510]Il. xvi. 234.
[510]Il. xvi. 234.
[511]Il. iii. 172.
[511]Il. iii. 172.
[512]I follow the acute and sagacious notes of Professor Malden to a valuable paper contributed by Mr. James Yates, during the year 1856, to the Philological Transactions: also Donaldson’s Cratylus, p. 120.
[512]I follow the acute and sagacious notes of Professor Malden to a valuable paper contributed by Mr. James Yates, during the year 1856, to the Philological Transactions: also Donaldson’s Cratylus, p. 120.
[513]In loc. Cary’s Birds, p. 77.
[513]In loc. Cary’s Birds, p. 77.
[514]See sect. x.
[514]See sect. x.
[515]i. 89.
[515]i. 89.
[516]See Studies on the Theo-mythology of Homer.
[516]See Studies on the Theo-mythology of Homer.
[517]Fasti, i. 39.
[517]Fasti, i. 39.
[518]De Nat. Deor. ii. 27.
[518]De Nat. Deor. ii. 27.
[519]Liv. Hist. Rom. iv. 25, 29.
[519]Liv. Hist. Rom. iv. 25, 29.
[520]Exc. iv. ad Æn. vii. See Browne’s History of Roman Literature, chap. viii. p. 129, and chap. iii. p. 41. Also Dunlop’s Hist. Rom. Literature, vol. iii. p. 56.
[520]Exc. iv. ad Æn. vii. See Browne’s History of Roman Literature, chap. viii. p. 129, and chap. iii. p. 41. Also Dunlop’s Hist. Rom. Literature, vol. iii. p. 56.
[521]See ‘The Trojans.’
[521]See ‘The Trojans.’
[522]Polyb. vi. 56, sect. 6-12.
[522]Polyb. vi. 56, sect. 6-12.
[523]Dionysius, b. ii. 18-21.
[523]Dionysius, b. ii. 18-21.
[524]Id., b. viii. 38. See also Cic. Div. i. 2.
[524]Id., b. viii. 38. See also Cic. Div. i. 2.
[525]Smith’s Dict., Art. ‘Fasti.’
[525]Smith’s Dict., Art. ‘Fasti.’
[526]Acts xvii. 22.
[526]Acts xvii. 22.
[527]Outram de Sacrif. b. i. ch. iv. sect. 3.
[527]Outram de Sacrif. b. i. ch. iv. sect. 3.
[528]Exodus xi. 12-16, and Levit. viii. 1-13. 1 Sam. xvi. 2, &c. See Calmet’s Dict. Taylor’s Edition, 1838. Art. Priest.
[528]Exodus xi. 12-16, and Levit. viii. 1-13. 1 Sam. xvi. 2, &c. See Calmet’s Dict. Taylor’s Edition, 1838. Art. Priest.