Chapter 74

575. The leases of many of the houses erected on the south-west of the close do not seem to have been granted before 1708–9.

576.Notes and Queries, 11th Series, VIII., pp. 182–3.

577. The plan is probably a little later than 1691 (the date assigned to it), for, as has been shown, Neale did not obtain his lease until 1693.

578. Wheatley and Cunningham’sLondon Past and Present, III., p. 234.

579. Reproduced here.

580. Recited in Indenture of 25th October, 1728, between Jas. Joye (1), Oliver Martin and Thos. Russell (2) and Rev. Thos. Blackwell (3) (Close Roll, 2 Geo. II. (5364)).

581. Much of the above information is taken from Emily Dibdin’sSeven Dials Mission: the story of the old Huguenot Church of All Saints, West Street.

582. Reproduced here.

583. It should be mentioned, however, that in a petition, probably belonging to the year 1354, the Mayor and Commonalty of London claimed that the Hospital had been founded by a citizen of London suffering from leprosy. (Calendar of Letterbooks of the City of London, Letterbook G., p. 27).

584. Parton (History of the Hospital and Parish of St. Giles-in-the-Fields, p. 1) and, following him, Dugdale (MonasticonVII., p. 635) give the date of the Hospital’s foundation as 1101. This is certainly wrong. Parton’s authority was an entry in Leland’sCollectanea, I., p. 418 (2nd edn.), which under the date 1101 mentions several events, (i.) Henry’s marriage with Maud, (ii.) his appointment of a military guard for his brother Robert who was in prison, (iii.) Maud’s foundation of the Hospital of St. Giles. The next entry is dated 1109. The date 1101 is obviously only intended to cover (i.) (which took place strictly speaking in 1100), for Robert was not taken prisoner until the battle of Tinchebray in 1106. The passage therefore would seem to suggest a date between 1106 and 1109 for the foundation of St. Giles.

585.Survey of London(Kingsford’s edn.), II., p. 90.

586.Historia Anglicana, p. 176b.

587. Parton in his transcription of the document reads “forty” throughout, and has been copied by everybody. It is, however, clearly “quatuordecim” in all cases.

588.Ancient Petitions, E. 617.

589.Ancient Petitions, E. 617; 2448.

590.Calendar of Letterbooks of the City of London, Letterbook G., p. 28.

591.Ibid., p. 29.

592.I.e., 27 Edw. I. (Calendar of Patent Rolls, p. 404). It has been generally assumed that the date was 1354,i.e., 27 Edw. III., no doubt because Parton (Hospital and Parish of St. Giles, pp. 23, 26) when translating the document relating to the suit between the Abbot of St. Mary Graces and the Master of Burton Lazars gave the name of the King as Edward the son of Edward, whereas the reading is clearly “Edward the son of Henry.”

593. It really extended somewhat to the west of the eastern side of the modern road, which has been formed by widening the ancient Hog Lane.

594.Close Roll, 16 James I. (2384).—Indenture, dated 19 March, 1617–8, between Robert Lloyd and Isaac Bringhurst.

595. See p.124.

596.Inquisitiones Post Mortem, 3 Edward VI. (89).

597.Close Roll, 8 Elizabeth (722).

598.Close Roll, 8 James I. (2066)—Indenture, dated 20th February, 1610–11, between John Graunge and Robert Lloyd.

599. A sixth was sold in 1622 by John and William Flood to Zachery Bethel, lying to the south of Sir Edward Fisher’s house, but this seems to have only recently been built on land taken out of the four acres (see p.122).

600.Close Roll, 16 James I. (2384).

601. The reversion was then sold to Francis Ashburnham (Close Roll, 5 Charles I. (2800)—Indenture, dated 1st March, 1628–9, between John Stafey and Isaac BringhurstandThe Worshipful Francis Ashburnham).

602.Endowed Charities(County of London), Vol. III. (1900), p. 348.

603.Close Roll, 10 James I. (2123)—Indenture between Robert FloydandWilliam Holt and John Harman.

604.Close Roll, 1652 (3683)—Indenture between John Hooker and Walter Bigg.

605. Letter dated 5th May, 1677, from Philip, Lord Wharton to Sir R. Verney (Historical MSS. Commission, Verney MSS., App. to VII. Report, p. 469).

606. Parton’sHospital and Parish of St. Giles-in-the-Fields, p. 117.

607.Middlesex Registry Memorials, 1727, VI., 138.

608.Close Roll, 16 James I. (2384)—Indenture between Robert Lloyd and Isaac Bringhurst.

609.Close Roll, 16 James I. (2384).

610.Close Roll, 7 Charles I. (2895)—Indenture between Anne Bringhurst and John Stafeyandthe Lady Alice Dudley.

611.Close Roll, 10 Charles I. (3017).

612.Chancery Proceedings, Bridges, 455–66.—Suit of John Boswell.

613. The boundaries are given as (E) tenement now in occupation of Nicholas Holden; (W) churchyard; (N) Kilburn to Holborn Highway; (S) orchard of Nicholas Holden (Close Roll, 9 Elizabeth (742)—Indenture between Lord Mountjoy and Percival Rowland).

614. The boundaries are given as: (S) highway from St. Giles to Knightsbridge; (W) a tenement late of Rowland Percival, and a close of John Graunge; (N) highway through St. Giles to Uxbridge (Close Roll, 11 Elizabeth (797)—Indenture between Lord Mountjoy and Edward Kyngston).

615. See p.125.

616.Inquisitiones Post Mortem, II. Series, Vol. 139 (134).

617.Inquisitiones Post Mortem, II. Series, Vol. 384 (139).

618.Recovery Roll, 21 James I. Trinity.—Indenture between John and William Flood, and Zachery Bethel.

619.Somerset House Wills, Gee, 159.

620.Patent Roll, 23 Charles II. (3125).

621.Augmentation Office, Deed of Sale, E. 19. The Master of Burton Lazars apparently lost by the transaction, but from a letter, dated 1st April, 1535, written by Richard Layton to Cromwell, it would seem that at one time there was a distinct prospect of his faring still worse. “I sent for the Master of Burton Lazer as you desired, advertising him of the King’s pleasure commanding him to be here by Easter eve, and desire you to intercede for him with the King that he might obtain other lands for his lands of St. Giles’s. He came, and I have been with him divers times. I have persuaded him to put his sole trust in you and that he shall not go to the King in anywise before you bring him to His Grace. He is content to do so. When you wish that I should bring him unto you to make further declaration to him of the King’s pleasure, let me know.” (Calendar of Letters of Henry VIII., 26 H. VIII., p. 168).

622. These were in St. Anne’s, Soho.

623. After the Duke of Norfolk had heard that Legh was scheming to get the mastership, he wrote that Legh was married, adding, “Alas! what pity it were that such a vicious man should have the governance of that honest house!” (Letters and Papers of Henry VIII., XII., i., p. 282).

624.Patent Roll, 28 Henry VIII. (671).

625. The whole of the above information is obtained fromChancery Decree Roll(1).

626.Abstracts of Inquisitiones Post Mortem relating to the City of London, ed. Geo. S. Fry, Part I., p. 62. Legh was buried in the old church of St. Leonard, Shoreditch, and an illustration of his effigy is given in Ellis’sAntiquities of Shoreditch. The following inscription was underneath (Hatton’sNew View of London, 1908):—“Here under lye the Ashes and the BonesOf Sir Tho. Leigh, that good and learned Knight,Whose hasty Death, alas, the Godly still bemoan,Tho his Soul always rejoice in God’s sight,Great was his Wisdom, and greater was his Wit,His Visage comely, with no sad Change dismay’d,A Man in all Affairs a King to serve most fit,Had not Death so soon his mortal Life betray’d.”

“Here under lye the Ashes and the BonesOf Sir Tho. Leigh, that good and learned Knight,Whose hasty Death, alas, the Godly still bemoan,Tho his Soul always rejoice in God’s sight,Great was his Wisdom, and greater was his Wit,His Visage comely, with no sad Change dismay’d,A Man in all Affairs a King to serve most fit,Had not Death so soon his mortal Life betray’d.”

“Here under lye the Ashes and the Bones

Of Sir Tho. Leigh, that good and learned Knight,

Whose hasty Death, alas, the Godly still bemoan,

Tho his Soul always rejoice in God’s sight,

Great was his Wisdom, and greater was his Wit,

His Visage comely, with no sad Change dismay’d,

A Man in all Affairs a King to serve most fit,

Had not Death so soon his mortal Life betray’d.”

627.Chancery Decree Roll, No. 3.

628.Close Roll, 37 Henry VIII. (444).

629. This was in the parish of Edmonton, now Southgate.

630. On the north side of Broad Street, now in the parish of St. George, Bloomsbury.

631. The Great Close of Bloomsbury and Wilkinson’s Close.

632.I.e., Middle Row (seeClose Roll, 12 Elizabeth (832).—Indenture between Lord and Lady Mountjoy and William Perye), formerly standing just outside Holborn Bars.

633. These were in St. Marylebone. The Inquisition on the death of Sir John Grange (1611) refers to “a close of land commonly known by the name of Newlondes containing 24 acres, and ... all that parcel of land or lane (“venelle”) near adjoining the aforesaid close ... situated within the parish of Marylebone.” (Inquisitiones Post Mortem, II. Series, Vol. 686 (113)).

634. Licence to alienate granted 6th July, 1546.

635.Inquisitiones Post Mortem, II. Series, 3 Edward VI. (89).

636.Inquisitiones Post Mortem, 15 Elizabeth, Vol. 165, on Thomas Carew.

637.Ibid., 6 Elizabeth, Vol. 139.

638.Ibid., Series II. (49), Vol. 109.

639. Her second husband was Sir Thomas Chaloner.

640. According to theDictionary of National Biography, he “spent the fortune of his family in the pursuit of alchemy.”

641. The “Lorde Mountjoye and the Lady Katherine” are mentioned in a mortgage by the former to John Mery, dated 1st February, 1556–7. (Close Roll, 4 and 5, Philip and Mary (547)).

642.Close Roll, 7 Eliz. (695).

643. Considerable doubt seems to have existed on this point. Side by side with assertions to the contrary, there are plain statements that the mortgagewasredeemed (seee.g.,Chancery Decree Roll, 54, concerning a complaint by Jas. Mascall against Thomas Harrys and others). Nevertheless it is quite certain that the statement in the text is true, for (1) the recognisance accompanying the mortgage is not cancelled; (2) Blount’s son Charles (afterwards Earl of Devonshire) definitely stated that the manor was not redeemed (Chancery Proceedings, Elizabeth B. 15–52), suit of Charles Blount; (3) the steps by which the manor descended from the Brownes are known.

644.Close Roll, 21 Eliz. (1059);Common Plea Roll, 25 Eliz., Hilary, 4010;Close Roll, 34 Eliz. (1425). Parton (Hospital and Parish of St. Giles-in-the-Fields, p. 331) bridges over the gap between Blount and Cope by the supposition that the manor came into the hands of the last-named in consequence of a mortgage to one “Master Cope, citizen of London.” But (1) the mortgage is not of the manor of St. Giles, and (2) the proper reading is not “Cope” but “Rope.”

645. He was knighted on 20th April, 1603.

646.Close Roll, 14 Jas. I. (2308)—Indenture between Sir Henry Rich, Dame Isabella, and Dame Dorothy Cope and GiffordandRisley.

647.Vestry Minutes, 1624–1719.

648. See p.1.

649. Newcourt,op. cit., p. 612.

650. The sketch given by Parton,Hospital and Parish of St. Giles-in-the-Fields, p. 54, is quite untrustworthy, and is in conflict with the little that is known of the church. He gives no authority for the sketch save that it was as “preserved in rude delineations of it, made near the time.”

651. Parton’sHospital and Parish of St. Giles-in-the-Fields, p. 56.

652.Ibid., pp. 191–2.

653.Vestry Minutes, 1624–1719, f. 4.

654.A Mirrour of Christianity and a Miracle of Charity, etc., by R. B. [i.e., Robert Boreman], p. 121.

655.A New View of London(1708), I., p. 259.

656.Strype’s edition of Stow, 1720, II., pp. 77ff. The greater portion of what follows is taken from Strype’s description.

657. See illustrations on map inStrype’s edition of Stow(Plate 5).

658. A list of Lady Dudley’s benefactions comprises the following: “She gave to the Church of St. Giles, the greatest bell in the steeple; and divers great pieces of massive plate; paved the chancel with marble, built the fair blue gate at the entrance to the churchyard, and purchased a fair house of £30 a year value for the perpetual incumbent. She also gave the hangings for the choir, which cost £80 10s., 2 service books, embroidered in gold, £5; velvet altar cloth with gold fringe £60; a cambric cloth to lay over it with a deep bone lace £4 10s.; another fine damask cloth £3; 2 cushions for the altar, richly embroidered with gold, £10; a Turkey carpet to lay before the altar £6; a long screen to sever the chancel from the church, richly carved and gilt, £200; a fair organ £100; the organ loft richly wrought and gilt, and a tablet of the Ten Commandments, the Creed and Lord’s Prayer, richly adorned, £80; the rails before the altar curiously carved and gilt, £40.” (Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1668–9, p. 176).

659.Parton’s Hospital and Parish of St. Giles-in-the-Fields, pp. 200–1.

660. 4 Geo. I., cap. 14.

661. 3 Geo. II., cap. 19.

662. Parton’sHospital and Parish of St. Giles, p. 213.

663. Hatton’sNew View of London(1708), p. 262.

664. Parton’sHospital and Parish of St. Giles, p. 224

665. Parton’sHospital and Parish of St. Giles-in-the-Fields, pp. 216–7.

666.Novum Repertorium Ecclesiasticum Parochiale Londinense, p. 173.

667. Reproduced here.

668. See p.123.

669. Reproduced here.

670. Parton’sHospital and Parish of St. Giles-in-the-Fields, p. 117.

671. Reproduced here.

672. See p.1.

673.Close Roll, 30 Henry VI.—Grant, dated 2nd April, 1452, by Jo. Crouton and W. Horn to Jo. and Katherine Nayler.

674. To the east of Church Close.

675.Close Roll, 13 James I. (2275).

676.History of London, p. 1363.

677.Tyburn Gallows(published by the London County Council), p. 16.

678. The gallows in St. Giles Fields erected for the execution of Lord Cobham were obviously put up for that special purpose. There may, of course, have been a manorial gallows, but no mention of such for St. Giles occurs in theQuo WarrantoRolls.

679.Endowed Charities, County of London, III., p. 350.

680. Parton’sHospital and Parish of St. Giles, p. 228.

681.Chancery Decree Roll, No. 3.

682.Inquisitiones Post Mortem, II. Series, Middlesex, Vol. 200 (5).

683. Formerly on the east side of Dyott Street, just outside the parish boundary.

684.Close Roll, 9 Elizabeth (742).

685.Close Roll, 8 Charles I. (2946).

686.Close Roll, 1649 (31). Indenture, dated 20th March, 1648–9, between John BarberalsGrigg and Henry Baynbrigge.

687.Hospital and Parish of St. Giles-in-the-Fields, p. 152.

688. Edmund Buckeridge and Henry Lovedayquerentes: and Jane Baynbrigge, widow; William Maynard and Mary, his wife; Nicholas Buckeridge, and Sara, his wife; and Simon Dyott and Jane, his wife,deforciantes; of 100 messuages, 200 cottages, 40 gardens and 10 acres of land in St. Giles, Mary, Sara and Jane renounce for their heirs. It will be seen that the property had grown, and it is known that Bainbridge had purchased more (seee.g., purchase from Sir John Bramston and others,Middlesex Feet of Fines, 1665, Trinity).

689. “The Rookery,” was a triangular space bounded by Bainbridge, George, and High Streets; it was one dense mass of houses, through which curved narrow tortuous lanes, from which again diverged close courts—one great mass, as if the houses had originally been one block of stone, eaten by slugs into numberless small chambers and connecting passages. The lanes were thronged with loiterers; and stagnant gutters, and piles of garbage and filth infested the air. In the windows, wisps of straw, old hats, and lumps of bed-tick or brown paper, alternated with shivered panes of broken glass, the walls were the colour of bleached soot, and doors fell from their hinges and worm-eaten posts. Many of the windows announced, “Lodgings at 3d. a night,” where the wild wanderers from town to town held their nightly revels.” (Timbs’Curiosities of London(1867), p. 378.)

690. Opened in 1847.

691. Except perhaps the extreme east.

692. Wheatley and Cunningham (London, Past and Present) give the date of the street’s formation as approximately 1670.

693.Memoirs of the Life and Works of Sir Christopher Wren(1823), p. 522.

694. Collins’sPeerage of England, 5th Edition, III., p. 328.

695.Memoirs of the Life and Works of Sir Christopher Wren, p. 522.

696. Burke’sPeerage.

697.Hospital and Parish of St. Giles, p. 372.

698.Dictionary of National Biography.

699. Walpole’sLetters(Toynbee Edn.) XI., p. 52.

700.Survey of London, Vol. III., pp. 88–89.

701. Parish ratebooks.

702. Reproduced here.

703. Information kindly supplied by His Grace the Duke of Bedford.

704. Richardson and Gill’sLondon Houses from 1660 to 1820, p. 67.

705. A. E. Richardson’sMonumental Classic Architecture in Great Britain and Ireland.

706.Survey of London, Vol. III. (St. Giles-in-the-Fields, Part I.), p. 108.

707. Beresford Chancellor’sHistory of the Squares of London, pp. 202–10.

708. Information kindly supplied by His Grace the Duke of Bedford.

709.Middlesex Registry Memorials, 1778, II., 409.

710. Reproduced here.

711. In the Parish of St. George, Bloomsbury.

712.Painted Decoration—the Georgian Period, by Ingleson C. Goodison (Architectural Review, January, 1913).

713. Information kindly supplied by the Rev. Lewis Gilbertson, M.A., F.S.A.

714. Reproduced here.

715. In the Parish of St. George, Bloomsbury.

716.Middlesex Registry Memorials, 1778, II., 409.

717.Survey of London, Vol. III. (St. Giles-in-the-Fields, Part I.), p. 67.

718. Reproduced here.

719. In the Parish of St. George, Bloomsbury.

720.Middlesex Registry Memorials, 1778, IV., 505.

721. Reproduced here.

722. In the Parish of St. George, Bloomsbury.

723.Middlesex Registry Memorials, 1778, IV., 505.

724. See p.153.

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