Chapter 16

[240]Lucy Stone to Frank Sanborn, Aug. 18, 1869, Alma Lutz Collection.[241]Lucy Stone to Esther Pugh, Aug. 30, 1869, Ida Husted Harper Collection, Henry E. Huntington Library, San Marino, California.[242]Mary Livermore to W. L. Garrison, Oct. 4, 1869, Boston Public Library. Wendell Phillips did not sign the call or attend the convention for "reasons that are good to him," wrote Lucy Stone to Garrison, Sept. 27, 1869, Boston Public Library.[243]The Revolution, IV, Oct. 21, 1869, p. 265.[244]Ibid., p. 266.[245]The Empire Sewing Machine Co., Benedict's Watches, Madame Demorest's dress patterns, Sapolio, insurance companies, savings banks, the Union Pacific, offering first mortgage bonds.[246]Harper,Anthony, I, pp. 354-355. In 1873, Anson Lapham cancelled notes, amounting to $4000, and praised Susan for her continued courageous work for women.[247]The Revolution, IV, Dec. 2, 1869, p. 343.[248]Harriet Beecher Stowe to Susan B. Anthony, Dec., 1869, Alma Lutz Collection.[249]The Revolution, IV, Dec. 23, 1869, p. 385.[250]Woman's Journal, Jan. 8, 1870.[251]Ms., Diary, Jan. 18, 1870.[252]Stanton and Blatch,Stanton, II, pp. 124-125.[253]The Revolution, V, Feb. 24, 1870, pp. 117-118. Susan attributed theTribuneeditorial to Whitelaw Reid. Susan B. Anthony Scrapbook, Library of Congress.[254]Feb. 21, 1870, Anna E. Dickinson Papers, Library of Congress. Anna E. Dickinson sent Miss Anthony generous checks to help financeThe Revolution. Although she lectured at Cooper Union for the National Woman Suffrage Association shortly after it was organized, she never became a member of the organization or attended its conventions. This was a great disappointment to Miss Anthony.[255]Finally, Miss Anthony and Mrs. Stanton against their best judgment were persuaded by younger members of the National Woman Suffrage Association to drop the name National and replace it with Union and then to try to negotiate further with the American Association. Theodore Tilton was elected president of the Union Woman Suffrage Society. This proved to be an organization in name only, and in a short time these same younger members clamored for the return to office of Miss Anthony and Mrs. Stanton and reestablished the National Woman Suffrage Association.[256]The Revolution, V, March 10, 1870, p. 153. Mrs. Stanton's Lyceum lectures were undertaken to finance the education of her 7 children.[257]Harper,Anthony, I, p. 362.[258]The Revolution, V, May 26, 1870, p. 328.[259]Sept. 19, 1870, Anna E. Dickinson Papers, Library of Congress.[260]To E. A. Studwell, Sept. 15, 1870, Radcliffe Women's Archives, Cambridge, Massachusetts.[261]To Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Oct. 15, 1871, Lucy E. Anthony Collection

[240]Lucy Stone to Frank Sanborn, Aug. 18, 1869, Alma Lutz Collection.

[241]Lucy Stone to Esther Pugh, Aug. 30, 1869, Ida Husted Harper Collection, Henry E. Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

[242]Mary Livermore to W. L. Garrison, Oct. 4, 1869, Boston Public Library. Wendell Phillips did not sign the call or attend the convention for "reasons that are good to him," wrote Lucy Stone to Garrison, Sept. 27, 1869, Boston Public Library.

[243]The Revolution, IV, Oct. 21, 1869, p. 265.

[244]Ibid., p. 266.

[245]The Empire Sewing Machine Co., Benedict's Watches, Madame Demorest's dress patterns, Sapolio, insurance companies, savings banks, the Union Pacific, offering first mortgage bonds.

[246]Harper,Anthony, I, pp. 354-355. In 1873, Anson Lapham cancelled notes, amounting to $4000, and praised Susan for her continued courageous work for women.

[247]The Revolution, IV, Dec. 2, 1869, p. 343.

[248]Harriet Beecher Stowe to Susan B. Anthony, Dec., 1869, Alma Lutz Collection.

[249]The Revolution, IV, Dec. 23, 1869, p. 385.

[250]Woman's Journal, Jan. 8, 1870.

[251]Ms., Diary, Jan. 18, 1870.

[252]Stanton and Blatch,Stanton, II, pp. 124-125.

[253]The Revolution, V, Feb. 24, 1870, pp. 117-118. Susan attributed theTribuneeditorial to Whitelaw Reid. Susan B. Anthony Scrapbook, Library of Congress.

[254]Feb. 21, 1870, Anna E. Dickinson Papers, Library of Congress. Anna E. Dickinson sent Miss Anthony generous checks to help financeThe Revolution. Although she lectured at Cooper Union for the National Woman Suffrage Association shortly after it was organized, she never became a member of the organization or attended its conventions. This was a great disappointment to Miss Anthony.

[255]Finally, Miss Anthony and Mrs. Stanton against their best judgment were persuaded by younger members of the National Woman Suffrage Association to drop the name National and replace it with Union and then to try to negotiate further with the American Association. Theodore Tilton was elected president of the Union Woman Suffrage Society. This proved to be an organization in name only, and in a short time these same younger members clamored for the return to office of Miss Anthony and Mrs. Stanton and reestablished the National Woman Suffrage Association.

[256]The Revolution, V, March 10, 1870, p. 153. Mrs. Stanton's Lyceum lectures were undertaken to finance the education of her 7 children.

[257]Harper,Anthony, I, p. 362.

[258]The Revolution, V, May 26, 1870, p. 328.

[259]Sept. 19, 1870, Anna E. Dickinson Papers, Library of Congress.

[260]To E. A. Studwell, Sept. 15, 1870, Radcliffe Women's Archives, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

[261]To Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Oct. 15, 1871, Lucy E. Anthony Collection

[262]A former Congressman from Ohio, a personal friend of Senator Benjamin Wade who was a loyal friend of woman suffrage.[263]The Revolution, V, March 19, 1870, pp. 154-155, 159.[264]Clipping fromWoodhull & Claflin's Weekly, Susan B. Anthony Scrapbook, Library of Congress.[265]Emanie, Sachs,The Terrible Siren(New York, 1928), p. 87. After hearing Victoria Woodhull speak at a woman suffrage meeting in Philadelphia, Lucretia Mott wrote her daughters, March 21, 1871, "I wish you could have heard Mrs. Woodhull ... so earnest yet modest and dignified, and so full of faith that she is divinely inspired for her work. The 30 or 40 persons present were much impressed with her work and beautiful utterances." Garrison Papers, Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College.[266]May 20, 1871, Ida Husted Harper Collection, Henry E. Huntington Library.[267]The Golden Age, Dec., 1871.[268]Harper,Anthony, I, p. 388.[269]Ibid., pp. 389-390.[270]Ibid., pp. 391-394. Laura Fair, who reportedly had been the mistress of Alexander P. Crittenden for six years, was acquitted of his murder on the grounds that his death was not due to her pistol shot but to a disease from which he was suffering. Julia Cooley Altrocchi,The Spectacular San Franciscans(New York, 1949).[271]Ms., Diary, July 13-23, 1871.[272]Harper,Anthony, I, p. 396.[273]Ibid.[274]Ms., Diary, Oct. 13, 1871.[275]Harper,Anthony, I, p. 403.[276]Ms., Diary, Dec. 15, 1871.[277]Harper,Anthony, I, p. 396.[278]Ms., Diary, Jan. 2, 1872.[279]Woodhull & Claflin's Weekly, Jan. 23, 1873.[280]Harper,Anthony, I, pp. 410-411.[281]Ibid., p. 413.[282]Ms., Diary, May 8, 10, 12, 1872.[283]Harper,Anthony, I, pp. 416-417.[284]Ms., Diary, Sept. 21, 1872. Lucy Stone wrote in theWoman's Journal, July 27, 1872, "We are glad that the wing of the movement to which these ladies belong have decided to cast in their lot with the Republican party. If they had done so sooner, it would have been better for all concerned...."[285]History of Woman Suffrage, II, p. 519. The Republicans financed a paper,Woman's Campaign, edited by Helen Barnard, which published some of Susan's speeches and which Susan for a time hoped to convert into a woman suffrage paper.[286]Harper,Anthony, I, p. 422.[287]Ibid.

[262]A former Congressman from Ohio, a personal friend of Senator Benjamin Wade who was a loyal friend of woman suffrage.

[263]The Revolution, V, March 19, 1870, pp. 154-155, 159.

[264]Clipping fromWoodhull & Claflin's Weekly, Susan B. Anthony Scrapbook, Library of Congress.

[265]Emanie, Sachs,The Terrible Siren(New York, 1928), p. 87. After hearing Victoria Woodhull speak at a woman suffrage meeting in Philadelphia, Lucretia Mott wrote her daughters, March 21, 1871, "I wish you could have heard Mrs. Woodhull ... so earnest yet modest and dignified, and so full of faith that she is divinely inspired for her work. The 30 or 40 persons present were much impressed with her work and beautiful utterances." Garrison Papers, Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College.

[266]May 20, 1871, Ida Husted Harper Collection, Henry E. Huntington Library.

[267]The Golden Age, Dec., 1871.

[268]Harper,Anthony, I, p. 388.

[269]Ibid., pp. 389-390.

[270]Ibid., pp. 391-394. Laura Fair, who reportedly had been the mistress of Alexander P. Crittenden for six years, was acquitted of his murder on the grounds that his death was not due to her pistol shot but to a disease from which he was suffering. Julia Cooley Altrocchi,The Spectacular San Franciscans(New York, 1949).

[271]Ms., Diary, July 13-23, 1871.

[272]Harper,Anthony, I, p. 396.

[273]Ibid.

[274]Ms., Diary, Oct. 13, 1871.

[275]Harper,Anthony, I, p. 403.

[276]Ms., Diary, Dec. 15, 1871.

[277]Harper,Anthony, I, p. 396.

[278]Ms., Diary, Jan. 2, 1872.

[279]Woodhull & Claflin's Weekly, Jan. 23, 1873.

[280]Harper,Anthony, I, pp. 410-411.

[281]Ibid., p. 413.

[282]Ms., Diary, May 8, 10, 12, 1872.

[283]Harper,Anthony, I, pp. 416-417.

[284]Ms., Diary, Sept. 21, 1872. Lucy Stone wrote in theWoman's Journal, July 27, 1872, "We are glad that the wing of the movement to which these ladies belong have decided to cast in their lot with the Republican party. If they had done so sooner, it would have been better for all concerned...."

[285]History of Woman Suffrage, II, p. 519. The Republicans financed a paper,Woman's Campaign, edited by Helen Barnard, which published some of Susan's speeches and which Susan for a time hoped to convert into a woman suffrage paper.

[286]Harper,Anthony, I, p. 422.

[287]Ibid.

[288]Ray Strachey,Struggle(New York, 1930), pp. 113-116.[289]The U.S. Supreme Court upheld the decision of a lower court that without specific legislation by Congress, the 14th Amendment could not overrule the law of the District of Columbia which limited suffrage to male citizens over 21.History of Woman Suffrage, II, pp. 587-601.[290]Harper,Anthony, I, p. 423.[291]Nov. 5, 1872, Ida Husted Harper Collection, Henry E. Huntington Library. Miss Anthony had assured the election inspectors that she would pay the cost of any suit which might be brought against them for accepting women's votes.[292]Harper,Anthony, I, p. 426. The Anthony home was then numbered 7 Madison Street.[293]An Account of the Proceedings of the Trial of Susan B. Anthony on the Charge of Illegal Voting(Rochester, New York, 1874), p. 16.[294]Harper,Anthony, I, p. 428.[295]Ibid., p. 433.[296]Trial, pp. 2-3.[297]N.d., Susan B. Anthony Papers, New York Public Library.[298]Trial, pp. 151, 153. Judge Story,Commentaries on the Constitution of the United States, Sec. 456: "The importance of examining the preamble for the purpose of expounding the language of a statute has long been felt and universally conceded in all juridical discussion."History of Woman Suffrage, II, p. 477.[299]Harper,Anthony, II, pp. 978, 986-987.[300]Ms., Diary, May 10, June 7, 1873.[301]Suffrage clubs in New York, Buffalo, Chicago, and Milwaukee sent $50 and $100 contributions. Susan's cousin, Anson Lapham, cancelled notes for $4000 which she had signed while struggling to financeThe Revolution. The women of Rochester rallied behind her, forming a Taxpayers' Association to protest taxation without representation.[302]Harper,Anthony, II, pp. 994-995.[303]Ibid., I, p. 429.

[288]Ray Strachey,Struggle(New York, 1930), pp. 113-116.

[289]The U.S. Supreme Court upheld the decision of a lower court that without specific legislation by Congress, the 14th Amendment could not overrule the law of the District of Columbia which limited suffrage to male citizens over 21.History of Woman Suffrage, II, pp. 587-601.

[290]Harper,Anthony, I, p. 423.

[291]Nov. 5, 1872, Ida Husted Harper Collection, Henry E. Huntington Library. Miss Anthony had assured the election inspectors that she would pay the cost of any suit which might be brought against them for accepting women's votes.

[292]Harper,Anthony, I, p. 426. The Anthony home was then numbered 7 Madison Street.

[293]An Account of the Proceedings of the Trial of Susan B. Anthony on the Charge of Illegal Voting(Rochester, New York, 1874), p. 16.

[294]Harper,Anthony, I, p. 428.

[295]Ibid., p. 433.

[296]Trial, pp. 2-3.

[297]N.d., Susan B. Anthony Papers, New York Public Library.

[298]Trial, pp. 151, 153. Judge Story,Commentaries on the Constitution of the United States, Sec. 456: "The importance of examining the preamble for the purpose of expounding the language of a statute has long been felt and universally conceded in all juridical discussion."History of Woman Suffrage, II, p. 477.

[299]Harper,Anthony, II, pp. 978, 986-987.

[300]Ms., Diary, May 10, June 7, 1873.

[301]Suffrage clubs in New York, Buffalo, Chicago, and Milwaukee sent $50 and $100 contributions. Susan's cousin, Anson Lapham, cancelled notes for $4000 which she had signed while struggling to financeThe Revolution. The women of Rochester rallied behind her, forming a Taxpayers' Association to protest taxation without representation.

[302]Harper,Anthony, II, pp. 994-995.

[303]Ibid., I, p. 429.

[304]Ms., Diary, April 26, 1873.[305]Trial, p. 17.[306]Ibid., pp. 62-68.[307]Ms., Diary, June 18, 1873.[308]Susan B. Anthony Scrapbook, 1873, Library of Congress.[309]Trial, pp. 81-85.[310]This booklet also included the speeches of Susan B. Anthony and Matilda Joslyn Gage, delivered prior to the trial, and a short appraisal of the trial,Judge Hunt and the Right of Trial by Jury, by John Hooker, the husband of Isabella Beecher Hooker. The RochesterDemocrat and Chroniclecalled the booklet "the most important contribution yet made to the discussion of woman suffrage from a legal standpoint." TheWoman's Suffrage Journal, IV, Aug. 1, 1873, p. 121, published in England by Lydia Becker, said: "The American law which makes it a criminal offense for a person to vote who is not legally qualified appears harsh to our ideas."[311]Harper,Anthony, I, pp. 455-456.[312]History of Woman Suffrage, II, pp. 737-739, 741-742.[313]Trial, p. 191.

[304]Ms., Diary, April 26, 1873.

[305]Trial, p. 17.

[306]Ibid., pp. 62-68.

[307]Ms., Diary, June 18, 1873.

[308]Susan B. Anthony Scrapbook, 1873, Library of Congress.

[309]Trial, pp. 81-85.

[310]This booklet also included the speeches of Susan B. Anthony and Matilda Joslyn Gage, delivered prior to the trial, and a short appraisal of the trial,Judge Hunt and the Right of Trial by Jury, by John Hooker, the husband of Isabella Beecher Hooker. The RochesterDemocrat and Chroniclecalled the booklet "the most important contribution yet made to the discussion of woman suffrage from a legal standpoint." TheWoman's Suffrage Journal, IV, Aug. 1, 1873, p. 121, published in England by Lydia Becker, said: "The American law which makes it a criminal offense for a person to vote who is not legally qualified appears harsh to our ideas."

[311]Harper,Anthony, I, pp. 455-456.

[312]History of Woman Suffrage, II, pp. 737-739, 741-742.

[313]Trial, p. 191.

[314]Ms., Diary, Nov. 4, 1874.[315]Harper,Anthony, I, p. 457. Frances Willard took her stand for woman suffrage in the W.C.T.U. in 1876.[316]Ms., Diary, Sept., 1877.[317]To James Redpath, Dec. 23, 1870, Alma Lutz Collection.[318]New YorkGraphic, Sept. 12, 1874. Mrs. Hooker believed her half-brother guilty and repeatedly urged him to confess, assuring him she would join him in announcing "a new social freedom." Kenneth R. Andrews, Nook Farm (Cambridge, Mass., 1950), pp. 36-39. Rumors that Mrs. Hooker was insane were deliberately circulated.[319]Harper,Anthony, I, p. 463.[320]Ibid.Only a few entries relating to the Beecher-Tilton case remain in the Susan B. Anthony diaries, now in the Library of Congress, and the diary for 1875 is not there.[321]Ibid., p. 462.[322]Ibid., II, pp. 1007-1009.[323]Ibid., I, p. 468.[324]Ibid., p. 470. Miss Anthony interrupted her lecturing for nine weeks to nurse her brother Daniel after he had been shot by a rival editor in Leavenworth.[325]Ibid., p. 472.[326]Ibid., p. 473.

[314]Ms., Diary, Nov. 4, 1874.

[315]Harper,Anthony, I, p. 457. Frances Willard took her stand for woman suffrage in the W.C.T.U. in 1876.

[316]Ms., Diary, Sept., 1877.

[317]To James Redpath, Dec. 23, 1870, Alma Lutz Collection.

[318]New YorkGraphic, Sept. 12, 1874. Mrs. Hooker believed her half-brother guilty and repeatedly urged him to confess, assuring him she would join him in announcing "a new social freedom." Kenneth R. Andrews, Nook Farm (Cambridge, Mass., 1950), pp. 36-39. Rumors that Mrs. Hooker was insane were deliberately circulated.

[319]Harper,Anthony, I, p. 463.

[320]Ibid.Only a few entries relating to the Beecher-Tilton case remain in the Susan B. Anthony diaries, now in the Library of Congress, and the diary for 1875 is not there.

[321]Ibid., p. 462.

[322]Ibid., II, pp. 1007-1009.

[323]Ibid., I, p. 468.

[324]Ibid., p. 470. Miss Anthony interrupted her lecturing for nine weeks to nurse her brother Daniel after he had been shot by a rival editor in Leavenworth.

[325]Ibid., p. 472.

[326]Ibid., p. 473.

[327]Ms., Diary, June 18, 1876.[328]Katherine D. Blake and Margaret Wallace,Champion of Women, The Life of Lillie Devereux Blake(New York, 1943), pp. 124-126.[329]History of Woman Suffrage, III, pp. 31, 34. The Woman's Journal surprised Susan with a friendly editorial, "Good Use of the Fourth of July," written by Lucy Stone, July 15, 1876.[330]History of Woman Suffrage, III, p. 43. The PhiladelphiaPresspraised the Declaration of Rights and the women in the suffrage movement. The report of the New YorkPostwas patronizingly favorable, pointing out the indifference of the public to the subject.[331]Harper,Anthony, I, pp. 485-486.[332]Ms., Susan B. Anthony Papers, Library of Congress.[333]This amendment was re-introduced in the same form in every succeeding Congress until it was finally passed in 1919 as the Nineteenth Amendment. It was ratified by the states in 1920, 14 years after Susan B. Anthony's death. When occasionally during her lifetime it was called the Susan B. Anthony Amendment by those who wished to honor her devotion to the cause, she protested, meticulously giving Elizabeth Cady Stanton credit for making the first public demand for woman suffrage in 1848. She also made it clear that although she worked for the amendment long and hard, she did not draft it. After her death, during the climax of the woman suffrage campaign, these facts were overlooked by the younger workers who made a point of featuring the Susan B. Anthony Amendment, both because they wished to immortalize her and because they realized the publicity value of her name.[334]Harper,Anthony, I, p. 484.[335]History of Woman Suffrage, III, p. 66.[336]Harper,Anthony, II, p. 544.[337]History of Woman Suffrage, III, p. 153; II, pp. 3-12, 863-868; Sarah Ellen Blackwell,A Military Genius, Life of Anna Ella Carroll of Maryland(Washington, D.C., 1891), I, pp. 153-154.[338]"Woman Suffrage as a Means of Moral Improvement and the Prevention of Crime" by Alexander Dumas,History of Woman Suffrage, III, p. 190. Theodore Stanton, foreign correspondent for the New YorkTribune, now lived in Paris.

[327]Ms., Diary, June 18, 1876.

[328]Katherine D. Blake and Margaret Wallace,Champion of Women, The Life of Lillie Devereux Blake(New York, 1943), pp. 124-126.

[329]History of Woman Suffrage, III, pp. 31, 34. The Woman's Journal surprised Susan with a friendly editorial, "Good Use of the Fourth of July," written by Lucy Stone, July 15, 1876.

[330]History of Woman Suffrage, III, p. 43. The PhiladelphiaPresspraised the Declaration of Rights and the women in the suffrage movement. The report of the New YorkPostwas patronizingly favorable, pointing out the indifference of the public to the subject.

[331]Harper,Anthony, I, pp. 485-486.

[332]Ms., Susan B. Anthony Papers, Library of Congress.

[333]This amendment was re-introduced in the same form in every succeeding Congress until it was finally passed in 1919 as the Nineteenth Amendment. It was ratified by the states in 1920, 14 years after Susan B. Anthony's death. When occasionally during her lifetime it was called the Susan B. Anthony Amendment by those who wished to honor her devotion to the cause, she protested, meticulously giving Elizabeth Cady Stanton credit for making the first public demand for woman suffrage in 1848. She also made it clear that although she worked for the amendment long and hard, she did not draft it. After her death, during the climax of the woman suffrage campaign, these facts were overlooked by the younger workers who made a point of featuring the Susan B. Anthony Amendment, both because they wished to immortalize her and because they realized the publicity value of her name.

[334]Harper,Anthony, I, p. 484.

[335]History of Woman Suffrage, III, p. 66.

[336]Harper,Anthony, II, p. 544.

[337]History of Woman Suffrage, III, p. 153; II, pp. 3-12, 863-868; Sarah Ellen Blackwell,A Military Genius, Life of Anna Ella Carroll of Maryland(Washington, D.C., 1891), I, pp. 153-154.

[338]"Woman Suffrage as a Means of Moral Improvement and the Prevention of Crime" by Alexander Dumas,History of Woman Suffrage, III, p. 190. Theodore Stanton, foreign correspondent for the New YorkTribune, now lived in Paris.

[339]The only such history available was theHistory of the National Woman's Rights Movement for Twenty Years(New York, 1871), written by Paulina Wright Davis to commemorate the first national woman's rights convention in Worcester, Massachusetts, in 1850. This brief record, ending with Victoria Woodhull's Memorial to Congress, was inadequate and placed too much emphasis on Victoria Woodhull who had flashed through the movement like a meteor, leaving behind her a trail of discord and little that was constructive.[340]Aaron McLean, Eugene Mosher, his daughter Louise, Merritt's daughter, Lucy E. Anthony from Fort Scott, Kansas, and later Lucy's sister "Anna O."[341]Mrs. Stanton moved to the new home she had built in Tenafly, New Jersey, in 1868.[342]Fowler & Wells furnished the paper, press work, and advertising and paid the authors 12½% commission on sales. They did not look askance at such a controversial subject, having published the Fowler family's phrenological books. In addition the women of the family were suffragists.[343]In 1855, at the instigation of her father. Miss Anthony began to preserve her press clippings. She now found them a valuable record, and she hired a young girl to paste them in six large account books. Thirty-two of her scrapbooks are now in the Library of Congress.[344]Aug. 30, 1876, Ida Husted Harper Collection, Henry E. Huntington Library. The history of the American Woman Suffrage Association was compiled for Volume II from theWoman's Journaland Mary Livermore'sThe Agitatorby Harriot Stanton.[345]Nov. 30, 1880, Amelia Bloomer Papers, Seneca Falls Historical Society, Seneca Falls, N. Y.[346]Harper,Anthony, II, p. 531. TheHistoryreceived friendly and complimentary reviews, the New YorkTribuneandSungiving it two columns.[347]June 28, 1881, Amelia Bloomer Papers, Seneca Falls Historical Society, Seneca Falls, N. Y. The cost of a cloth copy of theHistorywas $3.[348]Dec. 19, 1880, Susan B. Anthony Papers, Library of Congress. Rachel Foster's mother was a life-long friend of Elizabeth Cady Stanton and sympathetic to her work for women. The widow of a wealthy Pittsburgh newspaperman, she was now active in Pennsylvania suffrage organizations. Her daughters, Rachel and Julia, early became interested in the cause.[349]E. C. Stanton to Laura Collier, Jan. 21, 1886, Elizabeth Cady Stanton Papers, Vassar College Library. Mary Livermore criticized theHistoryas poorly edited.[350]After her marriage in 1882, to William Henry Blatch of Basingstoke, Harriot made her home in England for the next 20 years.[351]Harper,Anthony, II, p. 549.[352]Ibid., pp. 553, 558, 562. Miss Anthony spent a week with her old friends, Ellen and Aaron Sargent in Berlin where Aaron was serving as American Minister to Germany. In Paris she visited Theodore Stanton and his French wife.[353]Lydia Becker, Mrs. Jacob Bright, Helen Taylor, Priscilla Bright McLaren, Margaret Bright Lucas, Alice Scatcherd, and Elizabeth Pease Nichol. A bill to enfranchise widows and spinsters was pending in Parliament. Only afew women were courageous enough to demand votes for married women as well.[354]Harper,Anthony, II, p. 582.[355]Ibid., pp. 591, 583.

[340]Aaron McLean, Eugene Mosher, his daughter Louise, Merritt's daughter, Lucy E. Anthony from Fort Scott, Kansas, and later Lucy's sister "Anna O."

[341]Mrs. Stanton moved to the new home she had built in Tenafly, New Jersey, in 1868.

[342]Fowler & Wells furnished the paper, press work, and advertising and paid the authors 12½% commission on sales. They did not look askance at such a controversial subject, having published the Fowler family's phrenological books. In addition the women of the family were suffragists.

[343]In 1855, at the instigation of her father. Miss Anthony began to preserve her press clippings. She now found them a valuable record, and she hired a young girl to paste them in six large account books. Thirty-two of her scrapbooks are now in the Library of Congress.

[344]Aug. 30, 1876, Ida Husted Harper Collection, Henry E. Huntington Library. The history of the American Woman Suffrage Association was compiled for Volume II from theWoman's Journaland Mary Livermore'sThe Agitatorby Harriot Stanton.

[345]Nov. 30, 1880, Amelia Bloomer Papers, Seneca Falls Historical Society, Seneca Falls, N. Y.

[346]Harper,Anthony, II, p. 531. TheHistoryreceived friendly and complimentary reviews, the New YorkTribuneandSungiving it two columns.

[347]June 28, 1881, Amelia Bloomer Papers, Seneca Falls Historical Society, Seneca Falls, N. Y. The cost of a cloth copy of theHistorywas $3.

[348]Dec. 19, 1880, Susan B. Anthony Papers, Library of Congress. Rachel Foster's mother was a life-long friend of Elizabeth Cady Stanton and sympathetic to her work for women. The widow of a wealthy Pittsburgh newspaperman, she was now active in Pennsylvania suffrage organizations. Her daughters, Rachel and Julia, early became interested in the cause.

[349]E. C. Stanton to Laura Collier, Jan. 21, 1886, Elizabeth Cady Stanton Papers, Vassar College Library. Mary Livermore criticized theHistoryas poorly edited.

[350]After her marriage in 1882, to William Henry Blatch of Basingstoke, Harriot made her home in England for the next 20 years.

[351]Harper,Anthony, II, p. 549.

[352]Ibid., pp. 553, 558, 562. Miss Anthony spent a week with her old friends, Ellen and Aaron Sargent in Berlin where Aaron was serving as American Minister to Germany. In Paris she visited Theodore Stanton and his French wife.

[353]Lydia Becker, Mrs. Jacob Bright, Helen Taylor, Priscilla Bright McLaren, Margaret Bright Lucas, Alice Scatcherd, and Elizabeth Pease Nichol. A bill to enfranchise widows and spinsters was pending in Parliament. Only afew women were courageous enough to demand votes for married women as well.

[354]Harper,Anthony, II, p. 582.

[355]Ibid., pp. 591, 583.

[356]Harper,Anthony, II, p. 592.[357]Ibid., p. 658.[358]Miss Anthony first met Frances Willard in 1875 when she lectured in Rochester. Invited to sit on the platform, by her side, she thoughtfully refused, adding "You have a heavy enough load to carry without me." Harper,Anthony, I, p. 472. When Frances Willard took her stand for woman suffrage in the W.C.T.U. in 1876, Miss Anthony wrote her, "Now you are to go forward. I wish I could see you and make you feel my gladness." Mary Earhart,Frances Willard(Chicago, 1944), p. 153.[359]During the debate, Frances Willard rendered valuable aid with a petition for woman suffrage, signed by 200,000 women. This counteracted in a measure the protests against woman suffrage by President Eliot of Harvard and 200 New England clergymen.[360]Harper,Anthony, II, pp. 622-623.[361]Ibid., p. 612.[362]So successful was Mrs. Colby's Washington venture that she continued to publish herWoman's Tribunethere for the next 16 years[363]Harper,Anthony, II, p. 637.[364]Woman's Tribune, Feb. 22, 1890.[365]The credit for achieving union after two years of patient negotiation goes to Rachel Foster Avery, secretary of the National Association, and to Lucy Stone's daughter, Alice Stone Blackwell, secretary of the American Association.[366]Harper,Anthony, II, p. 675.

[356]Harper,Anthony, II, p. 592.

[357]Ibid., p. 658.

[358]Miss Anthony first met Frances Willard in 1875 when she lectured in Rochester. Invited to sit on the platform, by her side, she thoughtfully refused, adding "You have a heavy enough load to carry without me." Harper,Anthony, I, p. 472. When Frances Willard took her stand for woman suffrage in the W.C.T.U. in 1876, Miss Anthony wrote her, "Now you are to go forward. I wish I could see you and make you feel my gladness." Mary Earhart,Frances Willard(Chicago, 1944), p. 153.

[359]During the debate, Frances Willard rendered valuable aid with a petition for woman suffrage, signed by 200,000 women. This counteracted in a measure the protests against woman suffrage by President Eliot of Harvard and 200 New England clergymen.

[360]Harper,Anthony, II, pp. 622-623.

[361]Ibid., p. 612.

[362]So successful was Mrs. Colby's Washington venture that she continued to publish herWoman's Tribunethere for the next 16 years

[363]Harper,Anthony, II, p. 637.

[364]Woman's Tribune, Feb. 22, 1890.

[365]The credit for achieving union after two years of patient negotiation goes to Rachel Foster Avery, secretary of the National Association, and to Lucy Stone's daughter, Alice Stone Blackwell, secretary of the American Association.

[366]Harper,Anthony, II, p. 675.

[367]Minor vs. Happersett,History of Woman Suffrage, II, pp. 741-742. North and South Dakota, Washington and Montana were admitted in 1889, Wyoming and Idaho in 1890.[368]Ibid., IV, pp. 999-1000.[369]North Dakota's constitution provided that the legislature might in the future enfranchise women.[370]History of Woman Suffrage, IV, p. 556.[371]Harper,Anthony, II, p. 690.[372]Ibid., p. 688.[373]Anna Howard Shaw,The Story of a Pioneer(New York, 1915), p. 202.[374]Harper,Anthony, II, p. 731.[375]Ms., Diary, Feb. 28, April 18, 1893.[376]Published first in theWoman's Tribune, then as a book in 1898 under the title,Eighty Years and More.[377]Harper,Anthony, II, p. 712.[378]During this visit the young sculptor, Adelaide Johnson, modeled busts of Miss Anthony and Mrs. Stanton which later were chiseled in marble and were exhibited with the bust of Lucretia Mott at the World's Fair in Chicago in 1893. They are now in the Capitol in Washington.[379]To Clarina Nichols. Harper,Anthony, II, p. 544. Miss Anthony wrote in her diary, Oct. 18, 1893, "Lucy Stone died this evening at her home—Dorchester, Mass. aged 75—I can but wonder if the spirit now sees things asit did 25 years ago!" The wound inflicted by Lucy's misunderstanding of her motives had never healed.[380]Ibid., p. 727.[381]Rachel Foster was married in 1888 to Cyrus Miller Avery.[382]May Wright Sewall, Editor,The World's Congress of Representative Women(Chicago, 1894), p. 464.[383]Statement by Lucy E. Anthony, Una R. Winter Collection.[384]Miss Anthony's diary, 1893, mentions visiting "dear Mrs. Coonley" (Lydia Avery Coonley) in her beautiful, friendly home. May Wright Sewall, and devoted Emily Gross. Her sister Mary, Daniel, Merritt, and their families joined her at the Fair for a few weeks.[385]Shaw,The Story of a Pioneer, pp. 205-207.[386]Ms., Diary, Nov. 8, 1893.

[367]Minor vs. Happersett,History of Woman Suffrage, II, pp. 741-742. North and South Dakota, Washington and Montana were admitted in 1889, Wyoming and Idaho in 1890.

[368]Ibid., IV, pp. 999-1000.

[369]North Dakota's constitution provided that the legislature might in the future enfranchise women.

[370]History of Woman Suffrage, IV, p. 556.

[371]Harper,Anthony, II, p. 690.

[372]Ibid., p. 688.

[373]Anna Howard Shaw,The Story of a Pioneer(New York, 1915), p. 202.

[374]Harper,Anthony, II, p. 731.

[375]Ms., Diary, Feb. 28, April 18, 1893.

[376]Published first in theWoman's Tribune, then as a book in 1898 under the title,Eighty Years and More.

[377]Harper,Anthony, II, p. 712.

[378]During this visit the young sculptor, Adelaide Johnson, modeled busts of Miss Anthony and Mrs. Stanton which later were chiseled in marble and were exhibited with the bust of Lucretia Mott at the World's Fair in Chicago in 1893. They are now in the Capitol in Washington.

[379]To Clarina Nichols. Harper,Anthony, II, p. 544. Miss Anthony wrote in her diary, Oct. 18, 1893, "Lucy Stone died this evening at her home—Dorchester, Mass. aged 75—I can but wonder if the spirit now sees things asit did 25 years ago!" The wound inflicted by Lucy's misunderstanding of her motives had never healed.

[380]Ibid., p. 727.

[381]Rachel Foster was married in 1888 to Cyrus Miller Avery.

[382]May Wright Sewall, Editor,The World's Congress of Representative Women(Chicago, 1894), p. 464.

[383]Statement by Lucy E. Anthony, Una R. Winter Collection.

[384]Miss Anthony's diary, 1893, mentions visiting "dear Mrs. Coonley" (Lydia Avery Coonley) in her beautiful, friendly home. May Wright Sewall, and devoted Emily Gross. Her sister Mary, Daniel, Merritt, and their families joined her at the Fair for a few weeks.

[385]Shaw,The Story of a Pioneer, pp. 205-207.

[386]Ms., Diary, Nov. 8, 1893.

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